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Abstract The selection of parents to originate promising base populations, as well as the knowledge of the gene effects controlling agronomic traits by means of diallel, are useful to drive genetic gains in Brazilian tropical wheat breeding programs. The goals of this study were to select tropical wheat parents with a high frequency of favorable alleles and segregating populations with high potential to originate superior progenies through partial diallel analysis. Thus, 14 parents were divided in two groups and crossed in a 7 × 7 partial diallel scheme to originate 49 F1 combinations. After obtaining F2 generation, the populations and the parents were evaluated in the field in the summer of 2021. Days for heading, plant height, rust and yellow spot resistance, and grain yield were evaluated. The data were subjected to partial diallel analysis. There were significant effects of general combining ability for all traits. The specific combining ability effect was significant for days for heading and plant height. The additive gene effects were predominant over the non-additive ones. The parents with the highest frequency of favorable alleles for the traits evaluated were selected in each group. Four populations with high genetic potential to originate superior progenies were selected.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220760

Dialysis-related constrictive pericarditis: old enemies may sometimes come back
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Neves, Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes

; Lario, Fábio Cerqueira

; Mohrbacher, Sara

; Ferreira, Bernadete Maria Coelho

; Sato, Victor Augusto Hamamoto

; Oliveira, Érico Souza

; Pereira, Leonardo Victor Barbosa

; Bales, Alessandra Martins

; Nardotto, Luciana Loureiro

; Ferreira, Jéssica Nogueira

; Cavalcante, Lívia Barreira

; Chocair, Pedro Renato

; Cuvello-Neto, Américo Lourenço

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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dec 2022, Volume 44 N. 4 Pages 602 - 606

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several heart conditions have been associated with CKD, including myocardial and pericardial diseases. This paper describes a case of Dialysis-related constrictive pericarditis in a patient diagnosed with sudden hypotension during a hemodialysis session. A 65-year-old man diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and cirrhosis on hemodialysis for two years complained of symptoms during one of his sessions described as malaise, lipothymia, and confusion. The patient had a record of poor compliance with the prescribed diet and missed dialysis sessions. He was sluggish during the physical examination, and presented hypophonetic heart sounds, a blood pressure of 50/30mmHg, and a prolonged capillary refill time. The patient was referred to the intensive care unit and was started on antibiotics and vasoactive drugs. His workup did not show signs of infection, while electrocardiography showed low QRS-wave voltage. His echocardiogram showed signs consistent with a thickened pericardium without pericardial effusion. Cardiac catheterization showed equalization of diastolic pressures in all heart chambers indicative of constrictive pericarditis. The patient underwent a pericardiectomy. Examination of surgical specimens indicated he had marked fibrosis and areas of dystrophic calcification without evidence of infection, consistent with Dialysis-related constrictive pericarditis. Hypotension for unknown causes must be considered in the differential diagnosis of dialysis patients.

RESUMO A doença cardiovascular é a principal causa de morte em pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC). Várias formas de acometimento cardíaco têm sido associadas. à DRC, incluindo doenças miocárdicas e pericárdicas. Este artigo descreve um caso de pericardite constritiva relacionada a em um paciente diagnosticado com hipotensão súbita durante uma sessão de hemodiálise. Um homem de 65 anos com diagnósticos prévios de hipertensão, diabetes, obesidade e cirrose em hemodiálise por dois anos queixou-se de sintomas durante uma de suas sessões, descritos como mal-estar, lipotímia e confusão mental. Apresentava histórico de baixa adesão à dieta prescrita e faltas frequentes às sessões de diálise. Ele estava fraco durante o exame físico e apresentava bulhas cardíacas hipofonéticas, pressão arterial de 50/30mmHg e tempo de enchimento capilar prolongado. O paciente foi encaminhado para a unidade de terapia intensiva e iniciou o tratamento com antibióticos e drogas vasoativas. Investigação laboratorial não mostrou sinais de infecção, enquanto o eletrocardiograma mostrou baixa voltagem de complexo QRS. Seu ecocardiograma evidenciou sinais consistentes com um pericárdio espessado, sem derrame pericárdico. O cateterismo cardíaco mostrou equalização das pressões diastólicas em todas as câmaras cardíacas, indicativo de pericardite constritiva. O paciente foi submetido a uma pericardiectomia. O exame anatomopatológico mostrou sinais de acentuada fibrose acentuada fibrose e áreas de calcificação distrófica sem evidência de infecção, consistente com pericardite constritiva relacionada a por diálise. A hipotensão por causas desconhecidas deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes em diálise.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-0252

Association between obesity and hospitalization in mild COVID-19 adult outpatients in Brazil: a prospective cohort study
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Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Telo, Gabriela Heiden

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Azevedo, Thaís Raupp

; Santos, Amanda Paz

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

; Rosa, Regis Goulart

; Stein, Renato T.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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aug 2022, Volume 66 N. 4 Pages 512 - 521

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between obesity and hospitalization in mild COVID-19 adult outpatients in Brazil. Subjects and methods: Adults with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection who sought treatment in two hospital (public and private) emergency departments were prospectively enrolled. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 at inclusion were followed by phone calls at days D7, D14 and D28. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to explore the association between obesity and other potential predictors for hospitalization. Results: A total of 1,050 participants were screened, and 297 completed the 28-day follow-up and were diagnosed with COVID-19 by RT-PCR. The median age was 37.2 (IQR 29.7-44.6) years, and 179 (60.0%) were female. The duration of symptoms was 3.0 (IQR 2.0-5.0) days, and 10.0 (IQR 8.0-12.0) was the median number of symptoms at inclusion. Ninety-five (32.0%) individuals had obesity, and 233 (78.5%) had no previous medical conditions. Twenty-three participants (7.7%) required hospitalization during the follow-up period. After adjusting, obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.63-4.83, P < 0.001) and older age (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher risks of hospitalization. Conclusion: Obesity, followed by aging, was the main factor associated with hospital admission for COVID-19 in a young population in a low-middle income country. Our findings highlighted the need to promote additional protection for individuals with obesity, such as vaccination, and to encourage lifestyle changes.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000486

Low performance of a SARS-CoV-2 point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay in symptomatic children during the pandemic
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Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

; David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Ferreira, Charles Francisco

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Santos, Amanda Paz

; Krauzer, João Ronaldo Mafalda

; Pitrez, Paulo Márcio

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Stein, Renato T.

Jornal de Pediatria

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apr 2022, Volume 98 N. 2 Pages 136 - 141

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the accuracy of an antibody point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay (LFI -Wondfo Biotech Co., Guangzhou, China) in a pediatric population. Methods: children and adolescents (2 months to 18 years) with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were prospectively investigated with nasopharyngeal RT-PCR and LFI at the emergency room. RT-PCR was performed at baseline, and LFI at the same time or scheduled for those with less than 7 days of the clinical picture. Overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were assessed, as well as according to the onset of symptoms (7-13 or ≥14 days) at the time of the LFI test. Results: In 175 children included, RT-PCR and LFI were positive in 51 (29.14%) and 36 (20.57%), respectively. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value was 70.6% (95%CI 56.2-82.5), 96.8% (95%CI 91.9-99.1), 90.0% (95%CI 77.2-96.0), and 88.9% (95%CI 83.9-92.5), respectively. At 7-13 and ≥14 days after the onset of symptoms, sensitivity was 60.0% (95%CI 26.2-87.8) and 73.2% (95%CI 57.1-85.8) and specificity was 97.9% (95%CI 88.7-99.9) and 96.1% (95%CI 89.0-99.2), respectively. Conclusion: Despite its high specificity, in the present study the sensitivity of LFI in children was lower (around 70%) than most reports in adults. Although a positive result is informative, a negative LFI test cannot rule out COVID-19 in children.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.04.010

Antivirais para pacientes adultos hospitalizados com infecção por SARS-CoV-2: Um estudo de Fase II/III, randomizado, multicêntrico, controlado por placebo, adaptativo, com múltiplos braços e estágios. COALITION COVID-19 BRAZIL IX - REVOLUTIOn: protocolo e plano de análise estatística
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Maia, Israel Silva

; Marcadenti, Aline

; Zampieri, Fernando Godinho

; Damiani, Lucas Petri

; Santos, Renato Hideo Nakagawa

; Negrelli, Karina Leal

; Gomes, Samara Pinheiro do Carmo

; Gomes, Jaqueline Oliveira

; Carollo, Mariana Barbosa dos Santos

; Miranda, Tamiris Abait

; Santucci, Eliana

; Valeis, Nanci

; Laranjeira, Ligia Nasi

; Westphal, Glauco Adrieno

; Horta, Jacques Gabriel Alvares

; Flato, Uri Adrian Prync

; Fernandes, Camilo

; Barros, Waldemar Carlos

; Bolan, Renata S

; Gebara, Otávio Celso Eluf

; Alencar Filho, Meton Soares de

; Hamamoto, Victor Augusto

; Hernandes, Mauro Esteves

; Golin, Nicole Alberti

; Olinda, Ronald Torres de

; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro

; Rosa, Régis Goulart

; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro

; Azevedo, Luciano César Pontes de

; Avezum, Alvaro

; Lopes, Renato Delascio

; Souza, Tiago Moreno L

; Berwanger, Otávio

; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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mar 2022, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 44 - 55

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os medicamentos reaproveitados são importantes em contextos de recursos limitados porque as intervenções estão mais rapidamente disponíveis, já foram testadas com segurança em outras populações e são, em geral, mais baratas. Os medicamentos reaproveitados são uma solução eficaz, especialmente para doenças emergentes, como a COVID-19. O estudo REVOLUTIOn visa avaliar três medicamentos antivirais reaproveitados: atazanavir, daclatasvir e sofosbuvir, já utilizados em pacientes infectados pelo HIV ou pelo vírus da hepatite C, em um estudo randomizado, controlado por placebo, adaptativo, multibraço e em múltiplos estágios. Os medicamentos serão testados simultaneamente em um ensaio de Fase II para primeiro identificar se algum deles, isoladamente ou em combinação, reduz a carga viral. Se reduzirem, será iniciado um estudo de Fase III para investigar se tais medicamentos são capazes de aumentar o número de dias sem suporte respiratório. Os participantes devem ser adultos hospitalizados com idade ≥ 18 anos com início dos sintomas ≤ 9 dias e saturação de oxigênio ≤ 94% em ar ambiente ou necessidade de oxigênio suplementar para manter saturação de oxigênio > 94%. O tamanho total esperado da amostra varia entre 252 e 1.005 participantes, dependendo do número de estágios que serão concluídos no estudo. Assim, o protocolo é aqui descrito em detalhes, juntamente do plano de análise estatística. Em conclusão, o estudo REVOLUTIOn foi concebido para fornecer evidências se o atazanavir, o daclatasvir ou o sofosbuvir reduzem a carga viral de SARS-CoV-2 em pacientes com COVID-19 e aumentam o número de dias em que os pacientes ficam sem suporte respiratório. Neste artigo de protocolo, descrevem-se a fundamentação, o desenho e a situação do ensaio. Identificador do ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT04468087

ABSTRACT Repurposed drugs are important in resource-limited settings because the interventions are more rapidly available, have already been tested safely in other populations and are inexpensive. Repurposed drugs are an effective solution, especially for emerging diseases such as COVID-19. The REVOLUTIOn trial has the objective of evaluating three repurposed antiviral drugs, atazanavir, daclatasvir and sofosbuvir, already used for HIV- and hepatitis C virus-infected patients in a randomized, placebo-controlled, adaptive, multiarm, multistage study. The drugs will be tested simultaneously in a Phase II trial to first identify whether any of these drugs alone or in combination reduce the viral load. If they do, a Phase III trial will be initiated to investigate if these medications are capable of increasing the number of days free respiratory support. Participants must be hospitalized adults aged ≥ 18 years with initiation of symptoms ≤ 9 days and SpO2 ≤ 94% in room air or a need for supplemental oxygen to maintain an SpO2 > 94%. The expected total sample size ranges from 252 to 1,005 participants, depending on the number of stages that will be completed in the study. Hence, the protocol is described here in detail together with the statistical analysis plan. In conclusion, the REVOLUTIOn trial is designed to provide evidence on whether atazanavir, daclatasvir or sofosbuvir decrease the SARS-CoV-2 load in patients with COVID-19 and increase the number of days patients are free of respiratory support. In this protocol paper, we describe the rationale, design, and status of the trial. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT04468087

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220002-pt

Diagnostic accuracy of a SARS-CoV-2 rapid test and optimal time for seropositivity according to the onset of symptoms
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David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Ferreira, Charles Francisco

; Bastos, Gisele Alsina Nader

; Pitrez, Paulo Márcio

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Stein, Renato Tetelbom

; Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 1 elocation e00069921

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Os testes sorológicos no local de atendimento (point-of-care) para a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 têm sidos utilizados para o diagnóstico da COVID-19. Entretanto, não está plenamente elucidada a acurácia dos testes ao longo do tempo em relação ao início dos sintomas. Nosso objetivo foi de avaliar a acurácia, no local de atendimento, do imunoensaio de fluxo lateral (LFI). Pacientes com ≥ 18 anos de idade que apresentavam sintomas clínicos sugestivos de infecção aguda pelo SARS-CoV-2 foram testados uma vez com RT-PCR da nasofaringe e orofaringe, além do LFI. A acurácia do LFI foi avaliada com intervalos periódicos de 3 dias a partir do início dos sintomas. O ponto de corte ótimo foi definido como o número necessário de dias para atingir a melhor sensibilidade e especificidade. Esse ponto foi utilizado também para comparar a acurácia do LFI de acordo com a situação do paciente (ambulatorial ou hospitalizado). Foram incluídos 959 pacientes, dos quais 379 (39,52%) testaram positivos para SARS-CoV-2 pelo RT-PCR e 272 (28,36%) pelo LFI. Foi atingido o melhor desempenho para o LFI com 10 dias a partir do início dos sintomas, com sensibilidade e especificidade de 84,9% (IC95%: 79,8-89,1) e 94,4% (IC95%: 91,0-96,8), respectivamente. Embora a especificidade não tenha sido diferente entre os grupos de pacientes (94,6% vs. 88,9%, p = 0,051), a sensibilidade foi mais alta nos pacientes hospitalizados que nos ambulatoriais (91,7% vs. 82,1%, p = 0,032) no dia 10 depois do início dos sintomas. A melhor sensibilidade do LFI no local de atendimento ocorre 10 dias depois do início dos sintomas, o que pode limitar seu uso no atendimento agudo. A especificidade permanece alta, independentemente do número de dias desde o início dos sintomas.

Point-of-care serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 have been used for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, their accuracy over time regarding the onset of symptoms is not fully understood. We aimed to assess the accuracy of a point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay (LFI). Subjects, aged over 18 years, presenting clinical symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were tested once by both nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal RT-PCR and LFI. The accuracy of LFI was assessed in periodic intervals of three days in relation to the onset of symptoms. The optimal cut-off point was defined as the number of days required to achieve the best sensitivity and specificity. This cut-off point was also used to compare LFI accuracy according to participants’ status: outpatient or hospitalized. In total, 959 patients were included, 379 (39.52%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with RT-PCR, and 272 (28.36%) tested positive with LFI. LFI best performance was achieved after 10 days of the onset of symptoms, with sensitivity and specificity of 84.9% (95%CI: 79.8-89.1) and 94.4% (95%CI: 91.0-96.8), respectively. Although the specificity was similar (94.6% vs. 88.9%, p = 0.051), the sensitivity was higher in hospitalized patients than in outpatients (91.7% vs. 82.1%, p = 0.032) after 10 days of the onset of symptoms. Best sensitivity of point-of-care LFI was found 10 days after the onset of symptoms which may limit its use in acute care. Specificity remained high regardless of the number of days since the onset of symptoms.

Los puestos de atención para pruebas serológicas del SARS-CoV-2 han sido usado para la diagnosis de la COVID-19. No obstante, su precisión a lo largo del tiempo, en lo que respecta a la aparición de los síntomas, no se ha comprendido completamente. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la precisión de un puesto de atención de inmunoanálisis de flujo lateral (LFI). Se hizo pruebas a individuos ≥ 18 años, presentando síntomas clínicos compatibles con una infección aguda de SARS-CoV-2, tanto vía nasofaríngea y orofaríngea RT-PCR, como LFI. La precisión de LFI fue evaluada en intervalos periódicos de 3 días con respecto a la aparición de los síntomas. El punto óptimo de corte se definió como el número de días requerido para alcanzar la mejor sensibilidad y especificidad. Este punto también se usó para comparar la precisión del LFI, según el estatus de los participantes: ambulatorios u hospitalizados. Se incluyeron a 959 pacientes, 379 (39,52%) dieron positivo en las pruebas de SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, y 272 (28,36%) fueron positivos en los LFI. Se alcanzó el mejor rendimiento de los LFI tras 10 días de la aparición de los síntomas, con una sensibilidad y especificidad de un 84,9% (IC95%: 79,8-89,1) y 94,4% (IC95%: 91,0-96,8), respectivamente. A pesar de que la especificidad no fue diferente (94,6% vs. 88,9%, p = 0,051), la sensibilidad fue mayor en pacientes hospitalizados que en los ambulatorios (91,7% vs. 82,1%, p = 0,032) tras 10 días desde la aparición de los síntomas. La mejor sensibilidad LFI del puesto de cuidado se produce tras 10 días de la aparición de los síntomas, lo que quizás limite su uso en el cuidado de urgencias. La especificidad permanece alta independientemente del número de días desde la aparición de los síntomas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00069921

Diagnostic accuracy of a SARS-CoV-2 rapid test and optimal time for seropositivity according to the onset of symptoms
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David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Ferreira, Charles Francisco

; Bastos, Gisele Alsina Nader

; Pitrez, Paulo Márcio

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Stein, Renato Tetelbom

; Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 1 elocation e00069921

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00069921

Cannabinoids in Neurology - Position paper from Scientific Departments from Brazilian Academy of Neurology
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BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi

; ADONI, Tarso

; ALMEIDA, Carlos Mauricio Oliveira

; ANDRADE, Daniel Ciampi de

; ANGHINAH, Renato

; BARBOSA, Luciana Mendonça

; BAZAN, Rodrigo

; CARVALHO, Alzira Alves de Siqueira

; CARVALHO, William

; CHRISTO, Paulo Pereira

; COLETTA, Marcus Della

; CONFORTO, Adriana Bastos

; CORREA-NETO, Ylmar

; ENGELHARDT, Eliasz

; FRANÇA JUNIOR, Marcondes Cavalcante

; FRANCO, Clelia

; VON GLEHN, Felipe

; GOMES, Helio Rodrigues

; HOULY, Caroline Gomes de Barros

; KAUP, Alexandre Ottoni

; KOWACS, Fernando

; KANASHIRO, Aline

; LOPES, Victor Gonçalves

; MAIA, Débora

; MANREZA, Maria

; MARTINEZ, Alberto Rolim Muro

; MARTINEZ, Sandra Cristina Gonçalves

; NADER, Saulo Nardy

; NEVES, Luciana de Oliveira

; OKAMOTO, Ivan Hideyo

; OLIVEIRA, Rogério Adas Ayres de

; PEIXOTO, Fabiano de Melo

; PEREIRA, Cristiana Borges

; SABA, Roberta Arb

; SAMPAIO, Leticia Pereira de Brito

; SCHILLING, Lucas Porcello

; SILVA, Marcus Tulius Teixeira

; SILVA, Emanuelle Roberta

; SMID, Jerusa

; SOARES, Cristiane Nascimento

; SOBREIRA-NETO, Manoel

; SOUSA, Nise Alessandra de Carvalho

; SOUZA, Leonardo Cruz de

; TEIVE, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni

; TERRA, Vera Cristina

; VALE, Matheus

; VIEIRA, Vitor Mendes Grise

; ZANOTELI, Edmar

; PRADO, Gilmar

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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apr 2021, Volume 79 N. 4 Pages 354 - 369

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os canabinoides compreendem os endocanabinoides, fitocanabinoides e os canabinoides sintéticos e desempenham ações no sistema nervoso central e periférico. Uma quantidade enorme de publicações tem sido lançada nos últimos anos, embora a cannabis seja conhecida por milênios. Os Departamentos Científicos da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia descreveram as evidências do uso médico em suas áreas. A literatura está em constantes mudanças e possíveis novas evidências podem surgir nos próximos dias ou meses. A prescrição dessas substâncias deve ser discutida com os pacientes e suas famílias, com conhecimento sobre eventos adversos e sua eficácia.

ABSTRACT Cannabinoids comprehend endocannabinoids, phytocannabinoids, and synthetic cannabinoids, with actions both in the central and peripherical nervous systems. A considerable amount of publications have been made in recent years, although cannabis has been known for over a thousand years. Scientific Departments from the Brazilian Academy of Neurology described evidence for medical use in their areas. Literature is constantly changing, and possible new evidence can emerge in the next days or months. Prescription of these substances must be discussed with patients and their families, with knowledge about adverse events and their efficacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0432 1049 downloads

Human-SARS-CoV-2 interactome and human genetic diversity: TMPRSS2-rs2070788, associated with severe influenza, and its population genetics caveats in Native Americans
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Kehdy, Fernanda S.G.

; Pita-Oliveira, Murilo

; Scudeler, Mariana M.

; Torres-Loureiro, Sabrina

; Zolini, Camila

; Moreira, Rennan

; Michelin, Lucas A.

; Alvim, Isabela

; Silva-Carvalho, Carolina

; Furlan, Vinicius C.

; Aquino, Marla M.

; Santolalla, Meddly L.

; Borda, Victor

; Soares-Souza, Giordano B.

; Jaramillo-Valverde, Luis

; Vasquez-Dominguez, Andres

; Neira, Cesar Sanchez

; Aguiar, Renato S.

; Verdugo, Ricardo A.

; O`Connor, Timothy D.

; Guio, Heinner

; Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo

; Leal, Thiago P.

; Rodrigues-Soares, Fernanda

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200484

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract For human/SARS-CoV-2 interactome genes ACE2, TMPRSS2 and BSG, there is a convincing evidence of association in Asians with influenza-induced SARS for TMPRSS2-rs2070788, tag-SNP of the eQTL rs383510. This case illustrates the importance of population genetics and of sequencing data in the design of genetic association studies in different human populations: the high linkage disequilibrium (LD) between rs2070788 and rs383510 is Asian-specific. Leveraging on a combination of genotyping and sequencing data for Native Americans (neglected in genetic studies), we show that while their frequencies of the Asian tag-SNP rs2070788 is, surprisingly, the highest worldwide, it is not in LD with the eQTL rs383510, that therefore, should be directly genotyped in genetic association studies of SARS in populations with Native American ancestry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0484 193 downloads

10.

Plasmodium vivax metacaspase 1 (PvMCA1) catalytic domain is conserved in field isolates from Brazilian Amazon
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de Souza, Hugo Amorim dos Santos

; Escafa, Victor Fernandes

; Blanco, Carolina Moreira

; Baptista, Bárbara de Oliveira

; de Barros, Jenifer Peixoto

; Riccio, Evelyn Ketty Pratt

; Rodrigues, Aline Beatriz Mello

; Melo, Gisely Cardoso de

; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de

; de Souza, Rodrigo Medeiros

; Lima-Junior, Josué da Costa

; Guimarães, Ana Carolina Ramos

; da Mota, Fabio Faria

; da Silva, João Hermínio Martins

; Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu

; Pratt-Riccio, Lilian Rose

; Totino, Paulo Renato Rivas

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2021, Volume 116 elocation e200584

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In the present study, we investigated the genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax metacaspase 1 (PvMCA1) catalytic domain in two municipalities of the main malaria hotspot in Brazil, i.e., the Juruá Valley, and observed complete sequence identity among all P. vivax field isolates and the Sal-1 reference strain. Analysis of PvMCA1 catalytic domain in different P. vivax genomic sequences publicly available also revealed a high degree of conservation worldwide, with very few amino acid substitutions that were not related to putative histidine and cysteine catalytic residues, whose involvement with the active site of protease was herein predicted by molecular modeling. The genetic conservation presented by PvMCA1 may contribute to its eligibility as a druggable target candidate in vivax malaria.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760200584 202 downloads

11.

Avaliação da exposição a BTEX em postos de revenda de combustíveis no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e os riscos à saúde do trabalhador
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Figueiredo, Victor Oliva

; Carvalho, Leandro Vargas Barreto de

; Borges, Renato Marçullo

; Costa-Amaral, Isabele Campos

; Santos, Marcus Vinicius Corrêa dos

; Rosa, Ana Cristina Simões

; Menezes, Marco Antônio Carneiro de

; Mattos, Rita de Cássia Oliveira da Costa

; Sarcinelli, Paula Novaes

; Alves, Sergio Rabello

; Larentis, Ariane Leites

; Gonçalves, Eline Simões

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 37 N. 11 elocation e00351520

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

A gasolina é uma mistura complexa de substâncias, dentre elas estão hidrocarbonetos como o benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX), sendo esses compostos emitidos para a atmosfera, com destaque ao benzeno, por ser comprovadamente carcinogênico. Objetivamos avaliar as concentrações de BTEX no ar de postos de revenda de combustíveis no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e calcular o risco de câncer associado a estas exposições. Foram realizados dois tipos de amostragem (fixa e móvel) adaptadas da metodologia nº 1.501 do Instituto Nacional de Segurança e Saúde Ocupacional (Estados Unidos), em seis postos de revenda de combustíveis na Zona Oeste da cidade. A amostragem fixa foi feita próxima às bombas de combustível, enquanto a móvel foi realizada através da coleta do ar na zona respiratória dos trabalhadores (frentistas), conforme estes se deslocavam pelo posto. As amostras foram analisadas por cromatografia gasosa com detecção por ionização em chama. Com os resultados das amostragens foram feitos os cálculos de risco à saúde, usando os indicadores Quociente de perigo (HQ) e Risco de câncer (CR), para avaliar os possíveis efeitos não-carcinogênicos e carcinogênicos, respectivamente, nos trabalhadores dos postos de revenda de combustíveis. As concentrações ambientais para a maioria dos compostos BTEX foram abaixo dos limites preconizados, menos para o benzeno, um composto carcinogênico, que apresentou concentrações muito acima dos limites, levando a altos valores de risco de câncer. Os resultados demonstraram que há riscos à saúde dos trabalhadores de postos de revenda de combustíveis, principalmente o risco de desenvolver câncer, devido à exposição excessiva ao benzeno.

La gasolina es una mezcla compleja de sustancias, entre ellas existen hidrocarburos como el benceno, tolueno, etilbenceno y xilenos (BTEX), emitiéndose estos compuestos a la atmósfera, donde se destaca el benceno, al tratarse de un carcinogénico comprobado. Los objetivos fueron evaluar las concentraciones de BTEX en el aire de puestos de reventa de combustibles, en el municipio de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, así como calcular el riesgo de cáncer asociado a estas exposiciones. Se realizaron dos tipos de muestra (fija y movible), adaptadas de la metodología nº 1.501 del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud Laboral (EE.UU.), en seis puestos de reventa de combustibles de la zona oeste de la ciudad. La muestra fija se realizó cerca de las bombas de combustible, mientras que la móvil se hizo mediante tomas de aire en la zona respiratoria de los trabajadores (de la gasolinera), a medida que estos se desplazaban por el lugar de trabajo. Las muestras se analizaron por cromatografía gaseosa con detección por ionización en llama. Junto a los resultados de las muestras, se realizaron cálculos de riesgo para la salud, usando los indicadores Cociente de peligro (HQ) y Riesgo de cáncer (CR), con el fin de evaluar los posibles efectos no-carcinogénicos y carcinogénicos, respectivamente, en los trabajadores de los puestos de reventa de combustibles. Las concentraciones ambientales para la mayoría de los compuestos BTEX estuvieron por debajo de los limites preconizados, menos en el caso del benceno, un compuesto carcinogénico, que presentó concentraciones muy por encima de los límites, llevando a altos valores de riesgo de cáncer. Los resultados demostraron que existen riesgos para la salud de los trabajadores de puestos de reventa de combustibles, principalmente, riesgo de desarrollar cáncer, debido a la exposición excesiva al benceno.

Gasoline is a complex mixture of substances, including aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). These compounds are emitted into the air, with the special relevance of benzene since it is provenly carcinogenic. The study aimed to assess BTEX concentrations in filling stations in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to calculate the cancer risk associated with such exposures. Two types of sampling were performed (stationary and mobile), adapted from methodology n. 1,501 (U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) for aromatic hydrocarbons, in six filling stations in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro. Stationary sampling was done near the fuel pumps, while mobile sampling was done in the breathing zone of the workers (station attendants) as they moved around the station. The samples were analyzed with gas chromatography flame ionization detector. The sampling results were used to calculate the health risk, using the indicators Hazard quotient (HQ) and Cancer risk (CR) to assess the possible non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects, respectively, in filling station workers. Environmental concentrations for the most of the BTEX compounds were below the recommended limits, except for benzene, a carcinogenic compound, which displayed concentrations far above the limits, leading to high cancer risk values. The results showed that there are health risks for filling station attendants, especially the risk of developing cancer from excessive exposure to benzene.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00351520

12.

Avaliação da exposição a BTEX em postos de revenda de combustíveis no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e os riscos à saúde do trabalhador
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Figueiredo, Victor Oliva

; Carvalho, Leandro Vargas Barreto de

; Borges, Renato Marçullo

; Costa-Amaral, Isabele Campos

; Santos, Marcus Vinicius Corrêa dos

; Rosa, Ana Cristina Simões

; Menezes, Marco Antônio Carneiro de

; Mattos, Rita de Cássia Oliveira da Costa

; Sarcinelli, Paula Novaes

; Alves, Sergio Rabello

; Larentis, Ariane Leites

; Gonçalves, Eline Simões

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 37 N. 11 elocation e00351520

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00351520

13.

Covid-19 and Metabolic Syndrome
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Chocair, Pedro Renato

; Neves, Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes

; Pereira, Leonardo Victor Barbosa

; Mohrbacher, Sara

; Oliveira, Erico Souza

; Nardotto, Luciana Loureiro

; Bales, Alessandra Martins

; Sato, Victor Augusto Hamamoto

; Ferreira, Bernadete Maria Coelho

; Cuvello Neto, Américo Lourenço

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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jul 2020, Volume 66 N. 7 Pages 871 - 875

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.7.871 1504 downloads

14.

Association between matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene polymorphism and breast cancer in Brazilian women
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Oliveira, Victor Alves de

; Chagas, Diego Cipriano

; Amorim, Jefferson Rodrigues

; Pereira, Renato de Oliveira

; Nogueira, Thais Alves

; Borges, Victória Maria Luz

; Campos-Verde, Larysse Maira

; Martins, Luana Mota

; Rodrigues, Gilmara Peres

; Nery Júnior, Elmo de Jesus

; Sampaio, Fabiane Araújo

; Lopes-Costa, Pedro Vitor

; Sousa, João Marcelo de Castro e

; Silva, Vladmir Costa

; Silva, Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da

; Silva, Benedito Borges da

Clinics

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2020, Volume 75 elocation e1762

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between rs17576 (MMP-9) polymorphism and increased cancer risk in a Brazilian breast cancer cohort. METHODS: This study included 141 women (71 breast cancer patients and 70 controls without breast cancer) who donated 3 mL of their peripheral blood for genomic DNA extraction. This DNA was then genotyped using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The AG (rs17576) genotype was identified in 26 (18.43%) participants in the case group and in 22 (15.60%) participants in the control group (p=0.274), while the GG genotype was identified in ten (7.09%) participants in the case group and in one (0.70%) participant in the control group (p<0.003 - OR (95% CI) 13.13 (1.73, 593.08). No significant difference in the incidence rates was observed for AG or GG rs17576 genotypes in premenopausal women, p=0.813 and p=0.556, respectively. However, in postmenopausal women, the AG genotype was shown to occur in 14 (22.5%) participants in the case group and in 4 (6.45%) participants in the control (p<0.043), while GG genotype occurred in eight (12.90%) of the individuals in the case group and in none of the individuals in the control group (p<0.006). CONCLUSION: In this study, the MMP-9 rs17576 GG polymorphic variant was shown to be significantly associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal women, while the AG and GG genotypes were associated with increased cancer risk in postmenopausal women.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1762 183 downloads

15.

An Artemia franciscana bioassay for the monitoring of lipophilic phycotoxins in marine bivalve mollusc cultures: An alternative to screening testing?
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Guaralde, Alailton dos Reis

; Souza, Daniela Almeida de

; Guimarães Júnior, Celso Luiz Possas

; Guimarães, Rafael Soares

; Saraiva, Victor Barbosa

; Silva, José Augusto Ferreira da

; Murata, Marcos Massao

; Lopes, Renato Matos

; Hauser-Davis, Rachel Ann

; Oliveira, Manildo Marcião de

Revista Ambiente & Água

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2020, Volume 15 N. 5 elocation e2549

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo No Brasil, a malacocultura é desenvolvida principalmente no estado de Santa Catarina, seguida por São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro. No curso do desenvolvimento das atividades da maricultura brasileira, a legislação se adaptou aos requisitos sanitários necessários à comercialização de bivalves. No entanto, o monitoramento de ficotoxinas é um desafio, devido a métodos de referência frequentemente caros. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de métodos ecotoxicológicos e bioanalíticos alternativos usando a Artemia franciscana (artemia). Os resultados confirmam que, embora as correlações entre o ensaio de referência em camundongos e os ensaios com artemia não sejam altas, o ensaio alternativo com artemia pode ser incorporado aos programas de monitoramento de ficotoxinas, pois os extratos metanólicos do hepatopâncreas de mexilhões (Perna perna) contendo DSP resultaram em altas taxas de letalidade. Portanto, estudos adicionais de ajustes metodológicos e a inclusão de outros modelos enzimáticos e toxicológicos são necessários para avaliar essas diferenças, e são encorajadas associações entre métodos ecotoxicológicos como métodos de alarme precoce.

Abstract In Brazil, malacoculture is developed mainly in the state of Santa Catarina, followed by São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. In the course of the development of Brazilian mariculture, legislation has addressed the sanitary requirements necessary for bivalve commercialization. However, monitoring phycotoxins is a challenge, due to often costly reference methods. In this context, this study evaluated the use of alternative ecotoxicological and bioanalytical methods using Artemia franciscana (brine shrimp) lethality assessments. The results confirm that, although correlations between the reference mouse assay and the brine shrimp assays were not high, the alternative brine shrimp assay may be incorporated into phycotoxin monitoring programs, as hepatopancreas methanolic extracts of mussel (Perna perna) containing DSP resulted in high lethality rates. Therefore, further methodological adjustment studies and the inclusion of other enzymatic and toxicological models are required to further assess these differences, and associations between ecotoxicological methods as early-alarm methods are encouraged.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2549 680 downloads

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