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1.
[SciELO Preprints] - Mortality trend of cancer and main types by macrorregions of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2000 to 2015
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Aguilar, Luísa Bertoldi
Gomes, Camila Vieira
Lima Neto, Geraldo Soares de
Montenegro, Letícia Helena Ferreira
Oliveira, Jânia Cristiane de Souza
Galvão, Noemi Dreyer
Melanda, Francine Nesello
Alves, Mário Ribeiro
Souza, Bárbara da Silva Nalin de
Objective: To describe the mortality trend from all causes of cancer and the five main causes in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, from 2000 to 2015. Methods: This is a descriptive, ecological, time series study, with data referring to deaths of residents of Mato Grosso due to neoplasms (ICD-10 codes C00 to C97), from the Mortality Information System (SIM). Time trend analyzes of the standardized mortality rate from all causes of cancer and five specific causes of cancer (lung, prostate, breast, colorectal and cervix) for the state and according to macroregions (South, West, North, East and Center -North) were performed using linear regression (p-value<0.05). Results: From 2000 to 2015, 28,525 deaths from all causes of cancer in residents of the state of Mato Grosso were recorded. An increasing trend was observed for all causes of cancer, in addition to lung, breast and colorectal cancers. Southern and Northern macroregions showed an increasing trend for all causes, breast and colorectal; North-Central for breast and colorectal. East was increasing for all causes, prostate and colorectal, and decreasing for cervix. Conclusions: In the state of Mato Grosso, there was an increasing trend in mortality from all causes of cancer and from specific causes, with emphasis on breast and colorectal cancer in most macroregions.
Objetivo: Descrever a tendência da mortalidade por todas as causas de câncer e das cinco principais causas no Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, no período 2000 a 2015. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, ecológico, do tipo série temporal, com dados referentes aos óbitos de residentes de Mato Grosso por neoplasias (códigos C00 a C97 da CID-10), provenientes do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). A tendência temporal da taxa de mortalidade padronizada de todas as causas de câncer e cinco causas específicas de câncer (pulmão, próstata, mama feminina, colorretal e colo do útero) para o estado e segundo macrorregiões (Sul, Oeste, Norte, Leste e Centro-Norte) foi analisada por meio de regressão linear (p-valor<0,05). Resultados: De 2000 a 2015, ocorreram 28.525 óbitos por todas as causas de câncer em residentes no Estado de Mato Grosso. Tendência crescente foi observada para todas as causas de câncer, além dos cânceres de pulmão, mama e colorretal. Macrorregiões Sul e Norte apresentaram tendência crescente para todas as causas, mama e colorretal; Centro-Norte para mama e colorretal. Na Macrorregião Leste foi crescente para todas as causas, próstata e colorretal, e decrescente para colo do útero. Conclusões: No Estado de Mato Grosso, verificou-se tendência crescente da mortalidade por todas as causas de câncer e por causas específicas, com destaque para mama e colorretal na maioria das macrorregiões.
2.
Práticas de ressuscitação volêmica em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras: uma análise secundária do estudo Fluid-TRIPS
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Freitas, Flavio Geraldo Rezende de
; Hammond, Naomi
; Li, Yang
; Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes de
; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi
; Taniguchi, Leandro
; Gobatto, André
; Japiassú, André Miguel
; Bafi, Antonio Tonete
; Mazza, Bruno Franco
; Noritomi, Danilo Teixeira
; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe
; Bozza, Fernando
; Salluh, Jorge Ibrahin Figueira
; Westphal, Glauco Adrieno
; Soares, Márcio
; Assunção, Murillo Santucci César de
; Lisboa, Thiago
; Lobo, Suzana Margarete Ajeje
; Barbosa, Achilles Rohlfs
; Ventura, Adriana Fonseca
; Souza, Ailson Faria de
; Silva, Alexandre Francisco
; Toledo, Alexandre
; Reis, Aline
; Cembranel, Allan
; Rea Neto, Alvaro
; Gut, Ana Lúcia
; Justo, Ana Patricia Pierre
; Santos, Ana Paula
; Albuquerque, André Campos D. de
; Scazufka, André
; Rodrigues, Antonio Babo
; Fernandino, Bruno Bonaccorsi
; Silva, Bruno Goncalves
; Vidal, Bruno Sarno
; Pinheiro, Bruno Valle
; Pinto, Bruno Vilela Costa
; Feijo, Carlos Augusto Ramos
; Abreu Filho, Carlos de
; Bosso, Carlos Eduardo da Costa Nunes
; Moreira, Carlos Eduardo Nassif
; Ramos, Carlos Henrique Ferreira
; Tavares, Carmen
; Arantes, Cidamaiá
; Grion, Cintia
; Mendes, Ciro Leite
; Kmohan, Claudio
; Piras, Claudio
; Castro, Cristine Pilati Pileggi
; Lins, Cyntia
; Beraldo, Daniel
; Fontes, Daniel
; Boni, Daniela
; Castiglioni, Débora
; Paisani, Denise de Moraes
; Pedroso, Durval Ferreira Fonseca
; Mattos, Ederson Roberto
; Brito Sobrinho, Edgar de
; Troncoso, Edgar M. V.
; Rodrigues Filho, Edison Moraes
; Nogueira, Eduardo Enrico Ferrari
; Ferreira, Eduardo Leme
; Pacheco, Eduardo Souza
; Jodar, Euzebio
; Ferreira, Evandro L. A.
; Araujo, Fabiana Fernandes de
; Trevisol, Fabiana Schuelter
; Amorim, Fábio Ferreira
; Giannini, Fabio Poianas
; Santos, Fabrício Primitivo Matos
; Buarque, Fátima
; Lima, Felipe Gallego
; Costa, Fernando Antonio Alvares da
; Sad, Fernando Cesar dos Anjos
; Aranha, Fernando G.
; Ganem, Fernando
; Callil, Flavio
; Costa Filho, Francisco Flávio
; Dall´Arto, Frederico Toledo Campo
; Moreno, Geovani
; Friedman, Gilberto
; Moralez, Giulliana Martines
; Silva, Guilherme Abdalla da
; Costa, Guilherme
; Cavalcanti, Guilherme Silva
; Cavalcanti, Guilherme Silva
; Betônico, Gustavo Navarro
; Betônico, Gustavo Navarro
; Reis, Hélder
; Araujo, Helia Beatriz N.
; Hortiz Júnior, Helio Anjos
; Guimaraes, Helio Penna
; Urbano, Hugo
; Maia, Israel
; Santiago Filho, Ivan Lopes
; Farhat Júnior, Jamil
; Alvarez, Janu Rangel
; Passos, Joel Tavares
; Paranhos, Jorge Eduardo da Rocha
; Marques, José Aurelio
; Moreira Filho, José Gonçalves
; Andrade, Jose Neto
; Sobrinho, José Onofre de C
; Bezerra, Jose Terceiro de Paiva
; Alves, Juliana Apolônio
; Ferreira, Juliana
; Gomes, Jussara
; Sato, Karina Midori
; Gerent, Karine
; Teixeira, Kathia Margarida Costa
; Conde, Katia Aparecida Pessoa
; Martins, Laércia Ferreira
; Figueirêdo, Lanese
; Rezegue, Leila
; Tcherniacovsk, Leonardo
; Ferraz, Leone Oliveira
; Cavalcante, Liane
; Rabelo, Ligia
; Miilher, Lilian
; Garcia, Lisiane
; Tannous, Luana
; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão
; Paciência, Luís Eduardo Miranda
; Cruz Neto, Luiz Monteiro da
; Bley, Macia Valeria
; Sousa, Marcelo Ferreira
; Puga, Marcelo Lourencini
; Romano, Marcelo Luz Pereira
; Nobrega, Marciano
; Arbex, Marcio
; Rodrigues, Márcio Leite
; Guerreiro, Márcio Osório
; Rocha, Marcone
; Alves, Maria Angela Pangoni
; Alves, Maria Angela Pangoni
; Rosa, Maria Doroti
; Dias, Mariza D’Agostino
; Martins, Miquéias
; Oliveira, Mirella de
; Moretti, Miriane Melo Silveira
; Matsui, Mirna
; Messender, Octavio
; Santarém, Orlando Luís de Andrade
; Silveira, Patricio Júnior Henrique da
; Vassallo, Paula Frizera
; Antoniazzi, Paulo
; Gottardo, Paulo César
; Correia, Paulo
; Ferreira, Paulo
; Torres, Paulo
; Silva, Pedro Gabrile M. de Barros e
; Foernges, Rafael
; Gomes, Rafael
; Moraes, Rafael
; Nonato filho, Raimundo
; Borba, Renato Luis
; Gomes, Renato V
; Cordioli, Ricardo
; Lima, Ricardo
; López, Ricardo Pérez
; Gargioni, Ricardo Rath de Oliveira
; Rosenblat, Richard
; Souza, Roberta Machado de
; Almeida, Roberto
; Narciso, Roberto Camargo
; Marco, Roberto
; waltrick, Roberto
; Biondi, Rodrigo
; Figueiredo, Rodrigo
; Dutra, Rodrigo Santana
; Batista, Roseane
; Felipe, Rouge
; Franco, Rubens Sergio da Silva
; Houly, Sandra
; Faria, Sara Socorro
; Pinto, Sergio Felix
; Luzzi, Sergio
; Sant’ana, Sergio
; Fernandes, Sergio Sonego
; Yamada, Sérgio
; Zajac, Sérgio
; Vaz, Sidiner Mesquita
; Bezerra, Silvia Aparecida Bezerra
; Farhat, Tatiana Bueno Tardivo
; Santos, Thiago Martins
; Smith, Tiago
; Silva, Ulysses V. A.
; Damasceno, Valnei Bento
; Nobre, Vandack
; Dantas, Vicente Cés de Souza
; Irineu, Vivian Menezes
; Bogado, Viviane
; Nedel, Wagner
; Campos Filho, Walther
; Dantas, Weidson
; Viana, William
; Oliveira Filho, Wilson de
; Delgadinho, Wilson Martins
; Finfer, Simon
; Machado, Flavia Ribeiro
.









































































































































































































Abstract Objective: To describe fluid resuscitation practices in Brazilian intensive care units and to compare them with those of other countries participating in the Fluid-TRIPS. Methods: This was a prospective, international, cross-sectional, observational study in a convenience sample of intensive care units in 27 countries (including Brazil) using the Fluid-TRIPS database compiled in 2014. We described the patterns of fluid resuscitation use in Brazil compared with those in other countries and identified the factors associated with fluid choice. Results: On the study day, 3,214 patients in Brazil and 3,493 patients in other countries were included, of whom 16.1% and 26.8% (p < 0.001) received fluids, respectively. The main indication for fluid resuscitation was impaired perfusion and/or low cardiac output (Brazil: 71.7% versus other countries: 56.4%, p < 0.001). In Brazil, the percentage of patients receiving crystalloid solutions was higher (97.7% versus 76.8%, p < 0.001), and 0.9% sodium chloride was the most commonly used crystalloid (62.5% versus 27.1%, p < 0.001). The multivariable analysis suggested that the albumin levels were associated with the use of both crystalloids and colloids, whereas the type of fluid prescriber was associated with crystalloid use only. Conclusion: Our results suggest that crystalloids are more frequently used than colloids for fluid resuscitation in Brazil, and this discrepancy in frequencies is higher than that in other countries. Sodium chloride (0.9%) was the crystalloid most commonly prescribed. Serum albumin levels and the type of fluid prescriber were the factors associated with the choice of crystalloids or colloids for fluid resuscitation.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as práticas de ressuscitação volêmica em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras e compará-las com as de outros países participantes do estudo Fluid-TRIPS. Métodos: Este foi um estudo observacional transversal, prospectivo e internacional, de uma amostra de conveniência de unidades de terapia intensiva de 27 países (inclusive o Brasil), com utilização da base de dados Fluid-TRIPS compilada em 2014. Descrevemos os padrões de ressuscitação volêmica utilizados no Brasil em comparação com os de outros países e identificamos os fatores associados com a escolha dos fluidos. Resultados: No dia do estudo, foram incluídos 3.214 pacientes do Brasil e 3.493 pacientes de outros países, dos quais, respectivamente, 16,1% e 26,8% (p < 0,001) receberam fluidos. A principal indicação para ressuscitação volêmica foi comprometimento da perfusão e/ou baixo débito cardíaco (Brasil 71,7% versus outros países 56,4%; p < 0,001). No Brasil, a percentagem de pacientes que receberam soluções cristaloides foi mais elevada (97,7% versus 76,8%; p < 0,001), e solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais comumente utilizado (62,5% versus 27,1%; p < 0,001). A análise multivariada sugeriu que os níveis de albumina se associaram com o uso tanto de cristaloides quanto de coloides, enquanto o tipo de prescritor dos fluidos se associou apenas com o uso de cristaloides. Conclusão: Nossos resultados sugerem que cristaloides são usados mais frequentemente do que coloides para ressuscitação no Brasil, e essa discrepância, em termos de frequências, é mais elevada do que em outros países. A solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais frequentemente prescrito. Os níveis de albumina sérica e o tipo de prescritor de fluidos foram os fatores associados com a escolha de cristaloides ou coloides para a prescrição de fluidos.
3.
Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial – 2020
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Barroso, Weimar Kunz Sebba
; Rodrigues, Cibele Isaac Saad
; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido
; Mota-Gomes, Marco Antônio
; Brandão, Andréa Araujo
; Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães
; Machado, Carlos Alberto
; Poli-de-Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo
; Amodeo, Celso
; Mion Júnior, Décio
; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte
; Nobre, Fernando
; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto
; Vilela-Martin, José Fernando
; Yugar-Toledo, Juan Carlos
; Magalhães, Maria Eliane Campos
; Neves, Mário Fritsch Toros
; Jardim, Paulo César Brandão Veiga
; Miranda, Roberto Dischinger
; Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos
; Fuchs, Sandra C
; Alessi, Alexandre
; Lucena, Alexandre Jorge Gomes de
; Avezum, Alvaro
; Sousa, Ana Luiza Lima
; Pio-Abreu, Andrea
; Sposito, Andrei Carvalho
; Pierin, Angela Maria Geraldo
; Paiva, Annelise Machado Gomes de
; Spinelli, Antonio Carlos de Souza
; Nogueira, Armando da Rocha
; Dinamarco, Nelson
; Eibel, Bruna
; Forjaz, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes
; Zanini, Claudia Regina de Oliveira
; Souza, Cristiane Bueno de
; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de
; Nilson, Eduardo Augusto Fernandes
; Costa, Elisa Franco de Assis
; Freitas, Elizabete Viana de
; Duarte, Elizabeth da Rosa
; Muxfeldt, Elizabeth Silaid
; Lima Júnior, Emilton
; Campana, Erika Maria Gonçalves
; Cesarino, Evandro José
; Marques, Fabiana
; Argenta, Fábio
; Consolim-Colombo, Fernanda Marciano
; Baptista, Fernanda Spadotto
; Almeida, Fernando Antonio de
; Borelli, Flávio Antonio de Oliveira
; Fuchs, Flávio Danni
; Plavnik, Frida Liane
; Salles, Gil Fernando
; Feitosa, Gilson Soares
; Silva, Giovanio Vieira da
; Guerra, Grazia Maria
; Moreno Júnior, Heitor
; Finimundi, Helius Carlos
; Back, Isabela de Carlos
; Oliveira Filho, João Bosco de
; Gemelli, João Roberto
; Mill, José Geraldo
; Ribeiro, José Marcio
; Lotaif, Leda A. Daud
; Costa, Lilian Soares da
; Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha
; Drager, Luciano Ferreira
; Martin, Luis Cuadrado
; Scala, Luiz César Nazário
; Almeida, Madson Q.
; Gowdak, Marcia Maria Godoy
; Klein, Marcia Regina Simas Torres
; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar
; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano
; Pinheiro, Maria Eliete
; Borba, Mario Henrique Elesbão de
; Moreira Filho, Osni
; Passarelli Júnior, Oswaldo
; Coelho, Otavio Rizzi
; Vitorino, Priscila Valverde de Oliveira
; Ribeiro Junior, Renault Mattos
; Esporcatte, Roberto
; Franco, Roberto
; Pedrosa, Rodrigo
; Mulinari, Rogerio Andrade
; Paula, Rogério Baumgratz de
; Okawa, Rogério Toshiro Passos
; Rosa, Ronaldo Fernandes
; Amaral, Sandra Lia do
; Ferreira-Filho, Sebastião R.
; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel
; Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga
; Guimarães, Vanildo
; Koch, Vera H.
; Oigman, Wille
; Nadruz, Wilson
.

































































































4.
NUMBER OF CASES OF VARICELLA AND HOSPITALIZATION IN A PEDIATRIC REFERENCE HOSPITAL IN BRAZIL AFTER INTRODUCING THE VACCINE
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Pinto, Isabella Cristina Tristão
; Diniz, Lilian Martins Oliveira
; Carvalho, Ludymila Keren de
; Resende, Leonardo Santos
; Silva, Henrique Botelho de Abreu e
; Araújo, Roberto Ferreira de Almeida
; Maia, Marcelle Marie Martins
; Ribeiro, José Geraldo Leite
.








ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the number of cases and the profile of hospitalizations from varicella after the introduction of the measles, mumps, rubella and varicella combination vaccine in the public health system. Methods: Retrospective study in an infectious diseases pediatric hospital of reference in Southeast Brazil. The cases with a clinical diagnosis of varicella, from January 2011 to June 2016, were assessed from pediatricians’ medical records. The hospitalizations were classified into a pre-vaccine group and post-vaccine group, based on the date the vaccine was introduced (September 2013). Both groups were compared by age, sex, time of hospitalization, reason for hospitalization, hospital complications, duration of intensive care, and clinical outcome. Results: A total of 830 hospitalizations were recorded; 543 in the pre-vaccine period and 287 in the post-vaccine period, a reduction of 47.1% (p<0.001). In both periods, a similar profile in the hospitalizations was noticed: majority male; aged between one to five years old; most complications due to secondary causes (mainly skin infections); main outcome was clinical improvement and discharge from the hospital. In the pre-vaccine period, six deaths were recorded and two were recorded in the post-vaccine period. Conclusions: The profile of the hospitalizations was expected to stay the same since this study did not compare vaccinated with unvaccinated children, but hospitalizations before and after the vaccine was introduced. In accordance with the medical literature, we found a significant fall in the number of hospitalizations from varicella.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o número de casos e o perfil das internações por varicela após a introdução da vacina quádrupla viral na rede pública. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo conduzido em hospital pediátrico referência em doenças infectocontagiosas na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Foram avaliados os casos com diagnóstico clínico de varicela, registrados em prontuário por médico pediatra, de janeiro de 2011 até junho de 2016. As internações foram classificadas em grupo pré-vacinal e grupo pós-vacinal, com base na data de introdução da vacina (setembro de 2013). Os grupos foram comparados em relação a: faixa etária, sexo, tempo de hospitalização, causas da internação, complicações hospitalares, tempo da internação em terapia intensiva e desfecho clínico. Resultados: Foram documentadas 830 internações, 543 no período pré-vacinal e 287 no pós-vacinal, ocorrendo redução de 47,1% nas internações (p<0,001). Em ambos os períodos, notou-se um perfil similar das internações, predominantemente: sexo masculino; faixa etária de um a cinco anos; por causas secundárias (principalmente infecções de pele); evoluindo com melhora clínica e alta hospitalar. Em relação ao número de óbitos, ocorreram seis no período pré-vacinal e dois no pós-vacinal. Conclusões: A manutenção do perfil das internações era esperada, visto que o trabalho não comparou crianças vacinadas com não vacinadas, e sim internações pré e pós-vacinais. Observou-se, em concordância com a literatura, queda substancial no número de internações por varicela.
5.
The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA
; BACCARO, FABRICIO
; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA
; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA
; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA
; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS
; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO
; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.
; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO
; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS
; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.
; AKAMA, ALBERTO
; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO
; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES
; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA
; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA
; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA
; PENHA, JERRY
; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE
; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA
; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA
; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.
; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.
; MENIN, MARCELO
; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA
; ARAGÓN, SUSAN
; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO
; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO
; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E
; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA
; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO
; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA
; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS
; ANDRÉ, THIAGO
; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA
; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA
; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE
; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.
; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN
; MARQUES, RENATO
; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.
; SILVEIRA, MARCOS
; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA
; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA
; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE
; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM
; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA
; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON
; OKI, YUMI
; NOVAIS, SAMUEL
; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA
; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES
; OCHOA, ANA C.
; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.
; GATICA, AILIN
; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA
; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ
; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.
; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.
; NEME, ANDREA M.
; RUEDA, CARLA
; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE
; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS
; VALE, MARIANA M.
; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS
; CERQUEIRA, RUI
; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU
; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE
; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA
; BANHOS, AUREO
; HERO, JEAN-MARC
; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO
; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA
; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO
; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.
; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES
; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI
; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI
; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS
; FONTANA, CARLA S.
; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.
; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.
; RUEDA, MARTA P.
; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.
; PALOMO, LUCAS
; ITURRE, MARTA C.
; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY
; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.
.
























































































Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.
6.
A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NO ENSINO MÉDIO E OS EXAMES ESTANDARDIZADOS: UMA ANÁLISE DAS QUESTÕES DO ENEM
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Marques, Rodrigo
; Gama, Jean Carlos Freitas
; Oliveira Junior, Geraldo Luzia
; Ferreira Neto, Amarílio
; Santos, Wagner dos
.





Resumen El estudio analiza las preguntas del Nuevo Enem (Examen Nacional de la Enseñanza Media) que presentan objetos de conocimiento de la Educación Física, abarcando las relaciones que se establecen por y entre las áreas de conocimiento mediadas por competencias y habilidades. De naturaleza cualitativa, utiliza el análisis crítico-documental como metodología. Las fuentes están compuestas por: 49 preguntas relacionadas con la Educación Física en el examen (2009 a 2017), las Directrices Nacionales para la Enseñanza Media, el Documento Básico del Enem y la Matriz de Referencia del Enem. Los usos y apropiaciones de los objetos de conocimiento de la Educación Física, por su carácter multidisciplinario, favorecen la exigencia de elaborar las preguntas del examen buscando la interdisciplinariedad por y entre las áreas de conocimiento, explorando las relaciones cotidianas de los sujetos. La interacción entre los objetivos del área de Lenguas y sus Tecnologías, impulsada por el examen, nos permite comprender la Educación Física dentro de un amplio contexto de formación, más allá de los saberes del campo.
Abstract The article analyzes the issues that contain the Physical Education present in Novo Enem, understanding the relationships established by and between the areas of knowledge mediated by competences and abilities. Of the qualitative type, it uses documentary critical analysis as a methodology. The sources are composed of: 49 questions related to Physical Education in the exam (2009 to 2017), the National Guidelines for Secondary Education, the Basic Document of Enem and the Reference Matrix of Enem. The uses and appropriations of the contents of Physical Education, due to its multidisciplinary nature, favors the requirement to elaborate the exam questions aiming at interdisciplinarity by and between the areas of knowledge, exploring the subjects’ daily relationships. The interaction between the objectives of the Languages, Codes and their Technologies area, promoted by the exam, allows us to understand Physical Education within a broad context of training, in addition to domain knowledge.
Resumo O artigo analisa as questões do novo Enem que apresentam objetos de conhecimento da Educação Física, compreendendo as relações que se estabelecem por e entre as áreas do conhecimento mediadas pelas competências e habilidades. De natureza qualitativa, utiliza a análise crítico-documental como metodologia. As fontes são compostas por: 49 questões relacionadas com a Educação Física no exame (2009 a 2017), as Diretrizes Nacionais para o Ensino Médio, o Documento Básico do Enem e a Matriz de Referência do Enem. Os usos e apropriações dos objetos de conhecimento da Educação Física, devido à sua natureza multidisciplinar, favorecem a exigência da elaboração das questões do exame visando à interdisciplinaridade por e entre as áreas do conhecimento, explorando as relações cotidianas dos sujeitos. A interação entre os objetivos da área de Linguagens e suas Tecnologias, promovida pelo exame, permite-nos compreender a Educação Física dentro de um contexto amplo de formação, para além do saberes de domínio.
7.
TOXICITY OF ALKALOID FRACTIONS FROM Psychotria spp. (RUBIACEAE) AGAINST Atta sexdens FOREL, 1908 (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)
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Alves, Dejane Santos
; Fernandez, Pilar Canela Garcia
; Martin, Alejandro Martin
; Budia, Flor
; Carvalho, Geraldo Andrade
; Zanetti, Ronald
; Oliveira, Denilson Ferreira de
.







ABSTRACT Leaf-cutting ants are the main pests in forest plantations. The most commonly used chemical control for the ants is toxic bait. However, the active ingredients in these baits have been restricted by forest certification organizations, justifying the search for new active compounds to control these insects. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the formicidal activity of alkaloid fractions from the roots, stems, branches and leaves of Psychotria hastisepala and Psychotria leiocarpa (Rubiaceae) against Atta sexdens Forel, 1908 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The alkaloid fractions were obtained from the crude methanolic extracts of P. hastisepala and P. leiocarpa by the acid-base extraction method employing liquid-liquid partitions. The fractions, previously solubilized in propanone, were applied topically to the pronotum of worker ants. Bioassays were conducted in a completely randomized design, with six replicates of each treatment and 10 ants per replicate. Insect survival was assessed daily for 21 days. The median lethal time was estimated by Weibull models. The root fractions from P. hastisepala presented the highest toxicity, followed by those from the branches, stems and leaves. Among fractions from P. hastisepala roots, the most toxic were a fraction that apparently is rich in lipophilic compounds and nonbasic alkaloids and a fraction that is likely rich in quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids, protopine alkaloids and tertiary bases. Psychotria leiocarpa fractions were not toxic to this insect. Psychotria hastisepala is potentially useful for the development of new products for A. sexdens control.
8.
Hybrid maize selection through GGE biplot analysis
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Oliveira, Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque de
; Carvalho, Hélio Wilson Lemos de
; Oliveira, Gustavo Hugo Ferreira
; Costa, Emiliano Fernandes Nassau
; Gravina, Geraldo de Amaral
; Santos, Rafael Dantas dos
; Carvalho Filho, José Luiz Sandes de
.







ABSTRACT The cultivation of genotypes non-adapted to the cultivation region of interest is among the main factors responsible for low yield. The aim of the present study is to select hybrid maize through GGE biplot analysis and to assess its adaptability and stability in different environments in Northeastern Brazil. Twenty-five hybrid maize cultivars were assessed in ten different environments in Northeastern Brazil in 2012 and 2013 based on the randomized block design, with two replications. The analysis of variance and assessment of genotype adaptability and stability were made through GGE biplot analysis, based on grain yield. Analysis of variance results showed different performances depending on the genotype, as well as genotype/environment interaction. The biplot analysis was efficient on data interpretation and represented 63.73% of the total variation in the first two main components, it also allowed classifying the ten environments into three macro-environments. Most environments were positively correlated. Hybrids 2 B 604 HX, 30 A 95 HX, 2 B 587 HX and 2 B 710 HX were responsive and stable. Hybrid 30 A 16 HX was recommended for macro-environments2 and 3. Cultivar 30 A 68 HX was recommended to environment 1. São Raimundo das Mangabeiras and Nova Santa Rosa counties were discriminating and representative. Nossa Senhora das Dores, Umbaúba, Teresina, Brejo, Frei Paulo, Colinas and Balsa counties were ambiguous and non-recommended for further evaluations.
9.
GROWTH, YIELD AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF AN EUCALYPT-SOYBEAN CONSORTIUM: EFFECT OF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN TREES WITHIN THE ROW1
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Barbosa, Rodolfo Alves
; Reis, Geraldo Gonçalves dos
; Reis, Maria das Graças Ferreira
; leite, Helio Garcia
; Oliveira, Carlos Henrique Rodrigues de
; Silva, Marcio Lopes da
; Cacau, Filipe Valadão
; Caliman, Jônio Pizzol
.








ABSTRACT Agroforestry systems (AGF) design should benefit all components of the consortium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the distance between plants within the row on growth and yield of trees and agricultural crop and on the economic viability of the consortium. The eucalypt was planted in 9.5 x 1.5 m, 9.5 x 2.0 m, 9.5 x 3.0 m and 9.5 x 40 m arrangements, in consortium with soybean. The tree diameter (dbh) and total height (Ht), and the leaf area index (LAI) were measured at 14, 38 and 51 months. Soybean yield was evaluated 24 months after planting eucalypt. An economic evaluation of the consortium was carried out for a planning horizon of seven years. The distance between trees within the row did not affect the tree height, however, larger distances promoted a higher dbh and individual volume. Higher values of basal area and yield were achieved in the 9.5 x 1.5 m arrangement. The LAI was smaller (1.43) in the 9.5 x 4.0 m arrangement, at 38 months, compared to the other arrangements (mean LAI = 1.66). Soybean had it's highest yield (2,317 kg ha-1) in the 9.5 x 4.0 m arrangement. In the economic evaluation, the wood produced in the two denser arrangements was destined for energy, with low market value, making these two arrangements unfeasible economically, although the tree component yield was the highest in the arrangement 9.5 x 1.5 m. The 9.5 x 4.0 m spatial arrangement was the most economically viable, considering the allocation of 40% of the wood for sawing, and the prices and costs assumed in this study. In this arrangement, the soybean yield was the highest, and the planting costs were the lowest when compared to the other arrangements.
RESUMO Os sistemas agroflorestais (SAF) devem beneficiar todos os componentes do consórcio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da distância entre plantas na linha de plantio sobre o crescimento e a produção do componente arbóreo e da cultura agrícola e, sobre a viabilidade econômica do consórcio. Para isso plantou-se clone de eucalipto nos arranjos de 9,5 x 1,5 m, 9,5 x 2,0 m, 9,5 x 3,0 m e 9,5 x 40 m, em consórcio com soja. O diâmetro (dap) e a altura total (Ht) da árvore e o índice de área foliar (IAF) foram medidos aos 14, 38 e 51 meses. A produção de soja foi avaliada aos 24 meses após o plantio do eucalipto. A avaliação econômica do consórcio foi realizada para um horizonte de planejamento de sete anos. A distância entre as plantas na linha de plantio não afetou a altura das árvores, no entanto, maiores distâncias promoveram maior DAP e volume individual. Valores mais altos de área basal e produção foram alcançados no arranjo de 9,5 x 1,5 m. O IAF foi menor (1,43) no arranjo 9,5 x 4,0 m, aos 38 meses, em comparação aos demais arranjos (média de IAF = 1,66). A produção de soja foi a maior (2.317 kg ha-1) no arranjo de 9,5 x 4,0 m. Na avaliação econômica, a madeira produzida nos dois povoamentos mais densos foi destinada à energia, com baixo valor de mercado, inviabilizando economicamente esses arranjos, embora o rendimento do componente arbóreo tenha sido o mais elevado no 9,5 x 1,5 m. O arranjo espacial de 9,5 x 4,0 m foi o mais viável economicamente, considerando a alocação de 40% da madeira para serraria, e os preços e custos assumidos neste estudo. Neste arranjo de plantio, o rendimento da soja foi o mais elevado e os custos de plantio foram os menores, quando comparados aos demais arranjos.
10.
1º Posicionamento Brasileiro sobre o Impacto dos Distúrbios de Sono nas Doenças Cardiovasculares da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia
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Drager, Luciano F.
; Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo
; Cintra, Fatima Dumas
; Pedrosa, Rodrigo P.
; Bittencourt, Lia R. A.
; Poyares, Dalva
; Carvalho, Carolina Gonzaga
; Moura, Sonia Maria Guimarães Pereira Togeiro
; Santos-Silva, Rogerio
; Bruin, Pedro F. C. de
; Geovanini, Glaucylara R.
; Albuquerque, Felipe N.
; Oliveira, Wercules Antonio Alves de
; Moreira, Gustavo A.
; Ueno, Linda Massako
; Nerbass, Flávia Baggio
; Rondon, Maria Urbana Pinto Brandão
; Barbosa, Eline Rozária Ferreira
; Bertolami, Adriana
; Paola, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de
; Marques, Betânia Braga Silva
; Rizzi, Camila Futado
; Negrão, Carlos Eduardo
; Uchôa, Carlos Henrique Gomes
; Maki-Nunes, Cristiane
; Martinez, Denis
; Fernández, Edmundo Arteaga
; Maroja, Fabrizio U.
; Almeida, Fernanda R.
; Trombetta, Ivani C.
; Storti, Luciana J.
; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido
; Mello, Marco Túlio de
; Borges, Melania Aparecida
; Andersen, Monica Levy
; Portilho, Natanael de Paula
; Macedo, Paula
; Alves, Rosana
; Tufik, Sergio
; Fagondes, Simone C.
; Risso, Thaís Telles
.









































11.
Screening of Brazilian plant extracts as candidates for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
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Santos Alves, Dejane
; Andrade Carvalho, Geraldo
; Ferreira Oliveira, Denilson
; Duarte Corrêa, Angelita
.




Abstract The effects of plant extracts from Actinostemon concolor, Geonoma schottiana, Palicourea rigida and Rudgea viburnoides on Spodoptera frugiperda were evaluated in this study. The extracts were incorporated into an artificial diet (1 mg mL-1 of diet) and offered to S. frugiperda caterpillars. The extract of A. concolor caused 36.1 % mortality in S. frugiperda. Ultrastructural changes were detected in the eggs of adults when the caterpillars were fed with P. rigida and A. concolor extracts. A reduction in trypsin activity was observed after treatment with A. concolor extract. Total phenolics were quantified for A. concolor, G. schottiana, P. rigida and R. viburnoides, with A. concolor presenting the highest content. The residue from methanol/water extraction, which was obtained from the crude extract of A. concolor, contained the phenolic compounds that caused changes in S. frugiperda biology similar to those caused by the crude extract. In conclusion, A. concolor produces secondary metabolites that have insecticidal activity on S. frugiperda.
Resumen Los efectos de extractos de las plantas Actinostemon concolor, Geonoma shottiana, Palicourea rigida y Rudgea viburnoides sobre Spodoptera frugiperda fueron evaluados en este estudio. Los extratos se incorporaron en la dieta artificial (1 mg mL-1 de la dieta) y se ofrecieron a larvas de S. frugiperda. El extracto de A. concolor causó 36,1 % de mortalidad. Se detectaron cambios ultraestructurales en los huevos de adultos alimentados en sus estados larvales con extractos de P. rigida y A. concolor. Se observó reducción de la actividad de la tripsina de S. frugiperda después del tratamiento con el extracto de A. concolor. Al cuantificar los fenoles totales en A. concolor, G. shottiana, P. rigida y R. viburnoides, se encontró que A. concolor fue la especie con mayor contenido. El residuo de metanol/agua extracción, que se obtuvo del extracto crudo de A. concolor, contenía compuestos fenólicos que causan cambios en la biología de S. frugiperda similar a los generados por el extracto crudo. En conclusión, A. concolor produce metabolitos secundarios con actividad insecticida sobre S. frugiperda.
12.
The GT biplot analysis of green bean traits
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Oliveira, Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque de
; Gravina, Geraldo de Amaral
; Oliveira, Gustavo Hugo Ferreira de
; Araújo, Kleberson Cordeiro
; Araújo, Lanusse Cordeiro de
; Daher, Rogério Figueiredo
; Vivas, Marcelo
; Gravina, Lilia Marques
; Cruz, Derivaldo Pureza da
.









ABSTRACT: The green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a nutrient-rich vegetable much appreciated; although, little studied, in Brazil. The aim of the current study was to investigate the nature of traits of interest, as well as to select plants for the green bean breeding program based on genotype vs. trait biplot analysis. The experiment followed a randomized block design, with 4 repetitions and 17 genotypes. Analysis of variance, principal component analysis and biplot charts were performed to analyze the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, the number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, as well as grain and pod yields. The analysis of variance showed genetic variability between genotypes. Grain yield, pod yield and seed weight per plant were highly correlated. The number of seeds per pod was negatively correlated with pod weight, grain weight and with seed weight per plant. Lines Feltrin and UENF 14-30-3 were indicated to increase gains in variables such as grain yield and pod yield.
RESUMO: O feijão-vagem (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) é uma hortaliça rica em nutrientes, muito apreciada no Brasil, mas pouco estudada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer a natureza das características de interesse e selecionar plantas, para seguir o programa de melhoramento de feijão-vagem, por meio da análise biplot de genótipo x característica. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e 17 genótipos. Foram feitas análise de variância, análise de componentes principais e os gráficos bilots para número de vagem por planta, número de sementes por vagem, número de sementes por planta, peso de sementes por planta, peso de 100 sementes, produtividade de grãos e produtividade de vagem. A análise de variância mostrou existência de variabilidade genética entre os genótipos. Produtividade de grãos, produtividade de vagens e peso de sementes por plantas são altamente correlacionados. O número de sementes por vagem tem correlação negativa com peso de vagem, peso de grãos e peso de sementes por planta. Os genótipos Feltrin e UENF 14-30-3 foram indicadas para obtenção de ganhos para as variáveis produtividade de grãos e produtividade de vagem.
13.
The expression of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase and apoptosis in intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury under the action of ischemic preconditioning and pentoxifylline
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Oliveira, Teresinha Regina Ribeiro de
; Oliveira, Geraldo Ferreira de
; Simões, Ricardo Santos
; Feitosa, Suellen Maurim
; Tikazawa, Eduardo Hiroshi
; Monteiro, Hugo Pequeno
; Fagundes, Djalma José
; Taha, Murched Omar
.








Abstract Purpose: To investigate the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and apoptosis associated with ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and pentoxifylline (PTX) in intestinal ischemia (I) and reperfusion (R) injury. Methods: Thirty male rats were assigned to 5 groups: (CG), no clamping of the superior mesenteric artery (90 minutes); (IR-SS) saline + ischemia (30 minutes) + reperfusion (60 minutes); (IR-PTX) PTX + ischemia (30 minutes) + reperfusion (60 minutes); (IPC-IR-SS) 5 minutes of ischemia + 5 minutes of reperfusion (IPC) + saline + I(30 minutes)+R(60 minutes); and (IPC-IR-PTX) IPC + PTX + I(30 minutes)+ R(60 minutes). Results: The application of IPC and PTX showed a significantly lower immunohistochemistry reaction for active caspase-3 (P<0.05) compared to IR+SS. The number of cells immunoreactive to BCL-2 was higher in the IR-PTX group (P>0.05). The NOS-2 expression (qRTPCR) in the IR-PTX group (P<0.05) was higher than the values for the IPC+IR-SS and IPC-IR-PTX groups. The NOS-3 expression was significantly upper in the IPC-IR-PTX group than in the CG (P<0.05), the IR-SS (P<0.05) and the IR-PTX (P<0.05) groups. Conclusions: The BCL-2 and active caspase-3 showed beneficial effects on PTX and IPC. The expression of NOS-2 and NOS-3 in the IPC and IPC-PTX groups showed no synergistic effect.
14.
The role of ischemic preconditioning and pentoxifylline in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury of rats
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Oliveira, Teresinha Regina Ribeiro de
; Oliveira, Geraldo Ferreira de
; Simões, Ricardo Santos
; Tikazawa, Eduardo Hiroshi
; Monteiro, Hugo Pequeno
; Fagundes, Djalma José
; Taha, Murched Omar
.







Abstract Purpose: To investigate the role of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and pentoxifylline (PTX) in intestinal mucosa ischemia/reperfusion injury (IR). Methods: Thirty rats were assigned to 5 groups (N=6): (CG): no clamping of the superior mesenteric artery (90 min.); (IR-SS): saline + ischemia (30 min.) + reperfusion (60 min.); (IR-PTX): PTX + ischemia (30min.) + reperfusion (60 min.); (IPC-IR-SS): 5 min. of ischemia + 5 minutes of reperfusion (IPC) + saline + ischemia (30 min.) + reperfusion (60 min.); (IPC-IR-PTX ): 5 min. of ischemia + 5 min. of reperfusion (IPC) + PTX + 30 min. of I + 60 minutes of R. Results: The IR-PTX, IPC-IR-SS and IPC-IR-PTX groups had significantly lower scores of mucosa damage than the IR-SS group. IR-PTX group showed higher scores than the IPC-IR-PTX group, in accordance with the hypothesis of a favorable effect of IPC alone or in association with PTX. Additionally, IPC-IR-SS had a higher damage score than the IPC-IR-PTX. The villi height and crypt depth were similar in all groups. The villi height in the IR-SS was significantly lower. Conclusion: Ischemic preconditioning or pentoxifylline alone protect the intestinal mucosa from ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, they do not have a synergistic effect when applied together.
15.
EFEITO DO TEOR DE EXTRATIVOS NA RESISTÊNCIA NATURAL DE CINCO MADEIRAS AO ATAQUE DE CUPINS XILÓFAGOS
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Paes, Juarez Benigno
; Guerra, Sara Carolina Soares
; Silva, Luciana Ferreira da
; Oliveira, José Geraldo Lima de
; Teago, Gilson Barbosa São
.





ABSTRACT When man stopped being nomadic, he had to adapt to new conditions, and started employing wood for energy, hunting and defense instruments and miscellaneous constructive elements. Since then, in the light of usages and rapid growth, the importance of wood has been increasing, primarily by their exploitation assaults less the environment when compared to other non-renewable materials. Although there are several researches about Eucalyptus and Pinus, but studies with other species are incipient mainly about the extractive effects on the wood natural resistance. Thus, this research aimed to assess the influence of extractive contents with the natural resistance of Acacia mangium, Casuarina sp. Eucalyptus cloeziana, Corymbia torelliana and Tectona grandis woods to Nasutitermes corniger xylophagous termite, species of frequent occurrence in several regions in Brazil. From each species, test samples were taken, with dimensions of 2.00 x 10.16 x 0.64 (radial x longitudinal x tangential) in four positions in the medulla-sapwood direction (internal core, intermediate core, outer core and sapwood). The woods were exposed to the action of termites for 45 days in a food preference assay. The samples not selected for the test with termites were turned into sawdust and the extractive contents were obtained by using the fraction which passed through the sieve 40 and was retained in 60 mesh. The natural resistance has not been linked to extractive levels present in the wood. The resistance of wood varied in medulla-sapwood direction, with default variable for each species. The more resistant timbers were Tectona grandis and Corymbia torelliana and the most deteriorated was Acacia mangium.
RESUMO Quando o homem deixou de ser nômade, teve de se adaptar às novas condições, passando a empregar a madeira para energia, instrumentos de caça e defesa e elementos construtivos diversos. Desde então, em função dos usos e do rápido crescimento, a importância da madeira vem se acentuando, principalmente porque sua exploração agride menos o ambiente quando comparada a outros materiais não renováveis. Embora existam várias pesquisas sobre Eucalyptus e Pinus, estudos com outras espécies são incipientes, principalmente quanto ao efeito dos extrativos na resistência natural das madeiras. Assim, o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a influência do teor de extrativos na resistência natural das madeiras de Acacia mangium, Casuarina sp., Eucalyptus cloeziana, Corymbia torelliana e Tectona grandis ao térmita xilófago Nasutitermes corniger, espécie de ocorrência frequente em várias regiões no Brasil. De cada espécie foram retirados corpos de prova, com dimensões de 2,00 x 10,16 x 0,64 cm (radial x longitudinal x tangencial) em quatro posições no sentido medula-alburno (cerne interno, cerne intermediário, cerne externo e alburno). As madeiras foram expostas à ação dos cupins durante 45 dias em ensaio de preferência alimentar. Amostras não selecionadas para o ensaio com cupins foram transformadas em serragem e o teor de extrativos obtido ao empregar a fração que passou pela peneira de 40 e ficou retida na de 60 mesh. A resistência natural não esteve associada ao teor de extrativos presentes na madeira. A resistência das madeiras variou no sentido medula-alburno, com padrão variável para cada espécie. As madeiras mais resistentes foram Tectona grandis e Corymbia torelliana e a mais deteriorada a Acacia mangium.
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