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Resumo: A pandemia de COVID-19 pode ter impactado a saúde mental de estudantes universitários e, consequentemente, levado ao início ou ao aumento do uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos. Este estudo avaliou a prevalência do uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos entre estudantes universitários e avaliar a associação do uso dessa classe de medicamentos com estudantes de grupos minoritários. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, no qual todos os estudantes matriculados em cursos de graduação em oito universidades públicas brasileiras foram convidados. Dados foram coletados de outubro de 2021 a fevereiro de 2022, por meio de um questionário online autoaplicável. A variável de interesse foi o uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos e as variáveis explicativas foram estudantes pertencentes a grupos minoritários, como mulheres; negros, pardos e de outras cores de pele; e orientação sexual LGBTQIAPN+. As variáveis foram analisadas de forma descritiva, sendo realizados o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e a regressão logística multinomial. Um total de 8.650 estudantes participaram do estudo, dos quais 25,7% relataram o uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos nos 30 dias anteriores ao preenchimento do questionário. Observou-se que, entre os estudantes, ser do sexo feminino (OR = 1,8; IC95%: 1,41-2,20) e não ser heterossexual (OR = 1,5; IC95%: 1,23-1,80) aumentaram as chances de usar medicamentos psicotrópicos durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Constatou-se que estudantes universitários iniciaram o uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos e encontrou-se associação entre esse uso e estudantes de grupos minoritários.

Resumen: La pandemia del COVID-19 puede haber afectado a la salud mental de los estudiantes universitarios y, en consecuencia, haber llevado al inicio o aumento del uso de los psicofármacos. Este estudio evaluó la prevalencia del uso de los psicofármacos entre estudiantes universitarios y examinó la asociación de este uso con estudiantes de grupos minoritarios. Se trata de un estudio transversal, en el que se invitó a todos los estudiantes matriculados en cursos de grado en ocho universidades públicas brasileñas. Los datos se recopilaron desde octubre de 2021 hasta febrero de 2022 mediante un cuestionario en línea autoadministrado. La variable de interés fue el uso de psicofármacos; y las variables explicativas fueron estudiantes pertenecientes a grupos minoritarios, como mujeres; negros, pardos u otros colores de piel; y orientación sexual LGBTQIAPN+. Las variables se analizaron de manera descriptiva y se realizaron la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y la regresión logística multinomial. Un total de 8.650 estudiantes participaron en el estudio, de los cuales el 25,7% informó haber usado los psicofármacos a los 30 días previos a completar el cuestionario. Se observó que, entre los estudiantes, ser mujer (OR = 1,8; IC95%: 1,41-2,20) y no ser heterosexual (OR = 1,5; IC95%: 1,23-1,80) aumentaron las posibilidades de uso de psicofármacos durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Se encontró que los estudiantes universitarios empezaron a usar los psicofármacos y se encontró una asociación entre este uso y los estudiantes de grupos minoritarios.

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic may have had an impact on the mental health of university students and, consequently, led to the initiation on psychotropic medications or an increase on its use. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the use of psychotropic medications among university students and evaluate the association of the use of such medicine with students who belong to minority groups. This is a cross-sectional study, in which all students enrolled in undergraduate courses at eight Brazilian public universities were invited to answer an online self-administered questionnaire. The data collection was conducted from October 2021 to February 2022. The outcome was the use of psychotropic medications and the explanatory variables were students who belong to minority groups, such as female, black, mixed-race, and other skin colors, and LGBTQIAPN+ individuals. The variables were descriptively analyzed and Pearson’s chi-squared test and multinomial logistic regression were performed. A total of 8,650 students participated in the study, of which 25.7% reported using psychotropic medications in the 30 days prior to completing the questionnaire. It was observed that among students, female (OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.41-2.20) and non-heterosexual (OR = 1.5; 95%CI: 1.23-1.80) had higher chances of using psychotropic medications during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was found that university students began using psychotropic medications and the association of its use with minority groups was observed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xen231323

Elimination diet in food allergy: friend or foe?
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Kotchetkoff, Elaine Cristina de Almeida

; Oliveira, Lucila Camargo Lopes de Sarni, Roseli Oselka Saccardo

Jornal de Pediatria

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apr 2024, Volume 100 Suppl. 1 Pages S65 - S73

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives To review and discuss the role of an elimination diet in food-allergic children, emphasizing nutritional aspects for a better practical approach. Sources Non-systematic review of the literature. Findings Under an elimination diet, food-allergic patients may suffer from growth impairment or obesity and compromised quality of life. Disease phenotype, age, type, number of foods excluded, comorbidities, eating difficulties, economic status, and food availability must be considered for an appropriate diet prescription. Diet quality encompasses diversity and degree of food processing, which may alter immune regulation. Conclusions A friendly food elimination diet prescription depends on a multidisciplinary approach beyond macro and micronutrients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2023.09.012

Prevalence of syphilis in transgender women and travestis in Brazil: results from a national cross-sectional study
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Rocha, Aline Borges Moreira da

; Sperandei, Sandro

; Benzaken, Adele

; Bacuri, Rita

; Bassichetto, Katia Cristina

; Oliveira, Elaine Lopes de

; Silveira, Edilene Peres Real da

; Dourado, Inês

; Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2024, Volume 27 Suppl. 1 elocation e240003.supl.1

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de sífilis adquirida e fatores associados em uma pesquisa nacional. Métodos: "TransOdara" foi um estudo transversal compreendendo mulheres trans e travestis (MTT) em cinco grandes cidades do Brasil durante dezembro–2019 e julho–2021. A amostra foi recrutada usando o método respondente-driven sampling (RDS). O desfecho “sífilis ativa” foi definido como um teste treponêmico positivo e título do Venereal-Disease-Research-Laboratory (VDRL) maior ou igual a ⅛. Variáveis sociodemográficas foram descritas. Análises bi- e multivariadas foram realizadas, e odds ratio (OR) e IC95% foram estimados. Todas as análises foram realizadas no R,4.3.1. Resultados: Um total de 1.317 MTT foram recrutadas, com 1.291 sendo testadas para sífilis, das quais 294 (22,8%) preencheram os critérios para sífilis ativa. Na análise bivariada, raça negra/parda (OR=1,41; IC95% 1,01–1,97), nível básico de educação (OR=2,44; IC95% 1,17–5,06), não alteração do nome nos documentos (OR=1,39; IC95% 1,00–1,91) e trabalho sexual (pregresso OR=2,22; IC95% 1,47–3,32; parcial OR=2,75; IC95% 1,78–4,25; período integral OR=3,62; IC95%: 2,36-5,53) foram associados à sífilis ativa. Na análise multivariada, o trabalho sexual foi o único fator associado, 2,07 (IC95%: 1,37-3,13) trabalho sexual passado, 2,59 (IC95% 1,66–4,05) trabalho sexual em tempo parcial e 3,16 (IC95% 2,04–4,92) trabalho sexual como principal fonte de renda. Conclusão: A prevalência de sífilis ativa neste estudo foi elevada em comparação com outros países da América Latina. O trabalho sexual foi um fator associado importante com sífilis ativa, destacando o impacto que essa condição de vulnerabilidade pode ter na saúde das MTT, como membros de uma população-chave marginalizada.

ABSTRACT Objective: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of acquired syphilis and associated factors in a national survey. Methods: TransOdara was a cross-sectional study comprising transgender women and travestis (TGW) in five major cities in Brazil during December of 2019 and July of 2021. The sample was recruited using the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method. The outcome “active syphilis” was defined as a positive treponemal test and Venereal-Disease-Research-Laboratory (VDRL) title greater than∕ equal to ⅛. Sociodemographic variables were described. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were performed, and odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. All analyses were performed in R, 4.3.1. Results: A total of 1,317 TGW were recruited, with 1,291 being tested for syphilis, and 294 (22.8%) meeting the criteria for active syphilis. In bivariate analysis, black/mixed race (OR=1.41, 95%CI 1.01–1.97), basic level of education (OR=2.44, 95%CI 1.17–5.06), no name change in documents (OR=1.39, 95%CI 1.00–1.91) and sex work (past only OR= 2.22, 95%CI 1.47–3.32; partial OR=2.75, 95%CI 1.78–4.25; full time OR=3.62, 95%CI 2.36–5.53) were associated with active syphilis. In the multivariate analysis, sex work was the only associated factor, 2.07 (95%CI 1.37–3.13) past sex work, 2.59 (95%CI 1.66–4.05) part-time sex work and 3.16 (95%CI 2.04–4.92) sex work as the main source of income. Conclusion: The prevalence of active syphilis in this study was elevated compared with other countries in Latin America. Sex work was an important associated factor with active syphilis, highlighting the impact that this condition of vulnerability may have in the health of TGW, as members of a key, marginalized population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240003.supl.1

Factors associated with the completion of syphilis treatment among transgender women and travestis, in five Brazilian capitals, 2019-2021: a multicenter cross-sectional study
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Carreira, Luis Fernando Gomes

; Veras, Maria A. S.

; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz

; Queiroz, Rita Suely Bacuri de

; Silveira, Edilene Peres Real

; Oliveira, Elaine Lopes de

; Bassichetto, Katia Cristina

; Rocha, Aline Borges Moreira da

; Suprasert, Bow

; Wilson, Erin C.

; McFarland, Willi

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2024, Volume 33 N. spe1 elocation e2024294

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a história pregressa de sífilis em mulheres trans e travestis (MTTr) e identificar os fatores associados à incompletude do tratamento. Métodos Estudo transversal multicêntrico, entre 2019 e 2021, com participantes recrutadas por respondent-driven sampling, em cinco capitais brasileiras. Variável dependente: “tratamento referido de sífilis no último ano”, “não/incompleto” ou “completo”. Modelo multivariável-logístico foi utilizado para identificar fatores associados à completude. Resultados Das 1.317 participantes, 16,0% relataram sífilis pregressa. Dessas, 68,9% eram negras, 54,6% ganhavam até 1 salário mínimo e 61,1% completaram o tratamento. A completude de tratamento foi mais baixa em São Paulo (42,7%) e para quem sofreu agressão verbal (53,6%; ORa 0,46; IC95% 0,25;0,85). Conclusão Na amostra, foram elevadas: a prevalência de sífilis autorreferida e a proporção de participantes que refere não ter iniciado/completado o tratamento. É necessário identificar as barreiras enfrentadas por MTTr que impactam o acesso à saúde, e identificar suas necessidades, para assegurar diagnóstico e tratamento adequados.

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar historia previa de sífilis en mujeres transgénero y travestis (MTT), identificar factores asociados al tratamiento incompleto. Métodos Estudio transversal multicéntrico, entre 2019-2021, con participantes reclutadas por Respondent-Driven Sampling, en cinco capitales brasileñas. Variable dependiente: “tratamiento de sífilis reportado el último año”: ‘no/incompleto’ o ‘completo’. Se utilizó un modelo logístico multivariable para identificar factores asociados a la incompletitud. Resultados 1.317 participantes, 16,0% refirieron sífilis previa. De estas 68,9% eran negras y 54,6% ganaban hasta 1 salario mínimo; 61,1% completaron tratamiento. La finalización del tratamiento fue menor en San Pablo (42,7%) y entre las que sufrieron agresión verbal (53,6%; ORa 0,46; IC95% 0,25;0,85). Conclusión Tanto prevalencia de sífilis autorreferida como proporción de participantes que informaron no haber iniciado/finalizado el tratamiento fueron elevadas. Es necesario identificar barreras enfrentadas por MTT que impactan su acceso a atención de salud, además, identificar sus necesidades específicas para garantizar un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados.

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the previous history of syphilis in transgender women and travestis (TWTs) and identify factors associated with treatment incompleteness. Methods : This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted between 2019 and 2021, with participants recruited through respondent-driven sampling, in five Brazilian capitals. Dependent variable: “reported syphilis treatment in the last year”, “no/incomplete” or “complete”. A multivariate-logistic model was used to identify factors associated with completeness. Results : Of the 1,317 participants, 16.0% reported previous history of syphilis. Of these, 68.9% were Black, 54.6% earned up to 1 minimum wage and 61.1% completed the treatment. Treatment completion was lower in São Paulo (42.7%) and among those who experienced verbal abuse (53.6%; ORa 0.46; 95%CI 0.25;0.85). Conclusion In this sample, both the prevalence of self-reported syphilis and the proportion of participants who reported not having started/completed treatment were high. It is essential to identify the barriers faced by TWTs that hinder healthcare access, and identify their needs in order to ensure adequate diagnosis and treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222024v33e2024294.especial.en

Hepatitis A, B and C prevalence among transgender women and travestis in five Brazilian capitals between 2019-2021
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Moreira, Regina Célia

; Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena

; Amianti, Carolina

; McCartney, Daniel Jason

; Silva, Vanessa Cristina Martins

; Lemos, Marcilio Figueiredo

; Compri, Adriana Parise

; Oliveira, Elaine Lopes de

; Bassichetto, Katia Cristina

; Leal, Andréa Fachel

; Knauth, Daniela Ruva

; Magno, Laio

; Dourado, Inês

; Galan, Lenice

; Fonseca, Paula Andrea Morelli

; Queiroz, Rita Suely Bacuri de

; Silva, Roberto José Carvalho da

; Araujo, Sandra

; Miyachi, Marcia Eiko

; Soares, Claudio de Sousa

; Ahagon, Luciana Mitie Kawai

; Mayaud, Philippe

; Sperandei, Sandro

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2024, Volume 27 Suppl. 1 elocation e240005.supl.1

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar as prevalências e fatores associados com as hepatites A, B e C em mulheres trans e travestis em cinco regiões do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal com mulheres trans e travestis em cinco capitais brasileiras (Campo Grande, Manaus, Porto Alegre, Salvador e São Paulo), entre dezembro/2019 e julho/2021. As amostras foram submetidas à detecção de marcadores das infecções pelos vírus das hepatites A (HAV), B (HBV) e C (HCV), utilizando-se testes rápidos e quimioluminescência. Amostras positivas foram submetidas à detecção de HBV-DNA e HCV-RNA por PCR em tempo real e genotipadas por sequenciamento de Sanger. Resultados: As análises de 1.317 amostras indicaram taxas de prevalências nas mulheres trans e travestis recrutadas de 69,1%, 24,4% e 1,5% para exposição ao HAV, HBV e HCV, respectivamente. Elevada taxa de suscetibilidade ao HBV (35,7%) e baixa prevalência do marcador vacinal (40,0%) foram observadas. Mostraram-se associadas à presença de anti-HAV: idade maior que 26 anos, autodeclarar-se preta-parda, ter apenas educação básica, história de encarceramento e uso de preservativo na última relação sexual com parceiro casual. Quanto à exposição ao HBV, foi associada a idade maior que 26 anos, cor da pele preto-parda, ter sido profissional do sexo e história de encarceramento. Idade maior de 37 anos, história de abuso sexual e consumo frequente de álcool foram associadas ao HCV. Conclusão: As maiores prevalências de HAV nessa população encontram-se nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. Com relação ao HBV, a prevalência encontrada foi superior à encontrada na população geral, sugerindo maior vulnerabilidade. A prevalência do HCV foi semelhante à encontrada na população geral.

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis A, B, and C in transgender women and travestis's networks, in 5 regions of Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional study includedtransgender women and travestis in five Brazilian capitals (Campo Grande, Manaus, Porto Alegre, Salvador, and São Paulo), between December/2019 and July/2021. All samples were subjected to detection of serological markers of hepatitis virus A (HAV), B (HBV), and C (HCV) infections through rapid tests and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays. Positive samples in the screening tests were submitted to detect HBV DNA and HCV-RNA by real-time PCR and genotyped by Sanger sequencing. Results: Analysis of 1,317 samples showed network prevalence rates of 69.1%, 25.1%, and 1.5% for HAV, HBV, and HCV exposure, respectively. A high susceptibility rate to HBV infection (35.7%) and low prevalence of vaccine response markers (40%) were also observed. Age greater than 26 years, self-declared black/brown skin color, having only primary education, history of incarceration, and use of a condom in the last sexual intercourse with a casual partner were associated with total anti-HAV. Exposure to HBV was associated with age greater than 26 years, self-declared black/brown, history of being a sex worker, and incarceration. Age > 37 years, history of sexual abuse, and frequent alcohol consumption were associated with hepatitis C infection. Conclusion: The highest prevalence of HAV in this population was found in the North and Northeast regions, and the prevalence found was higher than that in the general population, suggesting greater vulnerability. The prevalence of HCV infection in our study was similar to that observed in the general population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240005.supl.1

Certificação de doenças respiratórias agudas na declaração de óbito: um estudo de acurácia
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Borges, Beatriz Alves Souza

; Silva, Cauê Sousa Cruze

; Penha, Lourena Bottentuit Cardoso

; Abreu, Luisa Caroline Costa

; Carvalho, Delmason Soares Barbosa de

; Machado, Ana Cristina

; Rego, Elaine Ramos de Moraes

; Lyrio, Amanda Oliveira

; Conceição, Sarah dos Santos

; Batista, Josicélia Estrela Tuy

; Pereira, Priscilla Perez da Silva

; Cruz, Simone Seixas da

; Figueiredo, Ana Cláudia Morais Godoy

; Souza, Elivan Silva

Cadernos Saúde Coletiva

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2024, Volume 32 N. 1 elocation e32010023

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background: Acute respiratory diseases are difficult to measure and contribute to a large number of ill-defined causes of death, which affects the reliability of mortality information. Objective: To verify the accuracy of the definition of the underlying cause of death for acute respiratory diseases registered in the Mortality Information System of the Federal District in 2018. Method: An accuracy study was conducted, with a minimum sample of 331 death certificates with the causes of death according to Chapter 10 (diseases of the respiratory system — J00-J99 — according to subcategories) of the International Classification of Diseases, version 10, considering the definition of the underlying cause of death by the research team as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Overall, 396 death certificates were included. High sensitivity was identified to determine acute lung diseases in the underlying cause of death (82.8%, 95%CI 78.6–86.5) and high specificity (93.1%, 95%CI 77.2–99.2). The probability of the declaration shows that negative false value was low (0.2, 95%CI 0.1–0.2). Conclusion: Death certificates due to acute respiratory diseases showed good results for accuracy and this study encourages similar studies for other conditions.

Resumo Introdução: As doenças respiratórias agudas apresentam difícil mensuração e contribuem para o grande número de causas de óbito mal definidas, o que afeta a confiabilidade das informações de mortalidade. Objetivo: Verificar a acurácia da definição da causa básica de óbito para doenças respiratórias agudas dos óbitos registrados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade do Distrito Federal em 2018. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de acurácia, com amostra mínima de 331 declarações de óbito com as causas de óbito do capítulo 10 (doenças do aparelho respiratório — J00-J99 — conforme subcategorias) da Classificação Internacional de Doenças na versão 10, considerando a definição de causa básica de óbito pela equipe de investigação como o padrão-ouro. Foram calculadas a sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo e negativo e as razões de verossimilhanças positivas e negativas com os respectivos intervalos de confiança a 95%. Resultados: Total de 396 declarações de óbito foram incluídas. Foi constatada alta sensibilidade para identificar doenças pulmonares agudas nas causas básicas de óbito (82,8%. IC95% 78,6–86,5) e alta especificidade (93,1%. IC95% 77,2–99,2). A probabilidade de a declaração apresentar resultado falso negativo foi baixa (0,2. IC95% 0,1–0,2). Conclusão: As declarações de óbito por doenças respiratórias agudas apresentaram bons resultados para acurácia e incitam a realização de estudos semelhantes para outras condições.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462x202432010023

Resistance Training Improves the Immune Response, Mainly Associated with CD8+ T Lymphocytes and B Lymphocytes, in Mice
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Pedro, Fernanda Cristina

; Oliveira, Marina Martins de

; Andrade, Rafaella Silva

; Costa, Anna Cecília Trolesi Reis Borges

; Pereira, Carine Rodrigues

; Oliveira, Pedro Felipe Rodrigues e

; Macari, Soraia

; Coimbra, Cândido Celso

; Dorneles, Elaine Maria Seles

; Pereira, Luciano José

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2024, Volume 67 elocation e24220284

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Studies investigating the effects of different modalities of exercises on the immune system are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes from mice. Eighteen male C56BL6/J mice were divided into groups (n=6), sedentary, aerobic, and resistance training. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, and their splenocytes were labeled and cultured with and without stimulation. Lymphocyte proliferation (CD4+, CD8+ and CD21/CD35+) was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mice subjected to resistance exercise exhibited greater proliferation for total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes (p<0.05), but not CD4+ cells (p>0.05), compared with their sedentary counterparts. We found significant correlations between maximum load and total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes proliferation rates (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that resistance training promoted an improvement in the immune response associated with CD8+ and B lymphocytes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024220284

Occurrence of avian reovirus and picobirnavirus in wild birds from an environmental protection area in the Brazilian Amazon
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PEREIRA, Diego

; SOUTO, Lizandra Caroline dos Santos GUERRA, Sylvia de Fátima dos Santos PENHA-JÚNIOR, Edvaldo Tavares da LOBO, Patrícia dos Santos SOARES, Luana da Silva PINHEIRO, Helder Henrique Costa CHAGAS, Elaine Hellen Nunes GUIMARÃES, Ricardo José de Paula Souza e RAMOS, Bruna Alves CHAGAS, Liliane Leal das FREITAS, Maria Nazaré Oliveira FURTADO, Erilene Cristina da Silva RODRIGUES, Jéssica Cecília Pinheiro CASSEB, Alexandre do Rosário MARTINS, Lívia Caricio MASCARENHAS, Joana D’Arc Pereira

Acta Amazonica

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2024, Volume 54 N. 1 elocation e54hs23012

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Wild birds have great prominence in the transmission of diseases to humans, mainly due to their ease of access to human populations, raising concerns about the potential impact of that proximity on public health. The present study reports ARV and PBV occurrence in wild birds from an environmental protection area in the Amazon biome, in Pará state, Brazil. We obtained 155 fecal specimens from 47 species of wild birds for RNA extraction, ARV and PBV detection utilizing molecular methods, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. ARV prevalence was 0.6% (1/155), being positive in an individual of Myrmotherula longipennis, and PBV prevalence was 1.29% (2/155), affecting two individuals of Guira guira. The PBV strains were assigned to genogroup I based on phylogenetic analysis, and they shared a strong phylogenetic link with strains isolated from different geographic locations. The ARV strain was more closely related to strains that had previously circulated in the same region. The presence of ARV and PBV in this habitat suggests that infection cycles of these agents occur naturally in the wild ecosystem, potentially triggering transmission events between bird species and humans. This is the first study on ARV detection in wild birds in Brazil and the first report on the occurrence of PBV in wild Guira guira. Additional studies are required to determine the epidemiology, origin, evolution, and emergence of new potentially pathogenic viruses in the Amazon.

RESUMO As aves silvestres têm grande destaque na transmissão de doenças ao homem, principalmente pela facilidade de acesso à população humana, levantando preocupações sobre o potencial impacto dessa proximidade no contexto da saúde pública. O presente estudo relata a ocorrência de ARV e PBV em aves silvestres de uma área de proteção ambiental no bioma Amazônico. Obtivemos 155 espécimes fecais de 47 espécies de aves silvestres, que foram submetidos a extração de RNA, detecção de ARV e PBV por técnicas moleculares, sequenciamento nucleotídico e análise filogenética. A prevalência de infecção por ARV foi 0,6% (1/155), sendo positivo em um indivíduo de Myrmotherula longipennis, e a prevalência de PBV foi 1,29% (2/155), afetando dois insdivíduos de Guira guira. A análise filogenética agrupou as cepas de PBV no genogrupo I, mostrando intensa relação filogenética com cepas isoladas de outras regiões geográficas. A cepa de ARV esteve mais relacionada filogeneticamente a cepas previamente circulantes na mesma região. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre detecção de ARV em aves silvestres no Brasil e o primeiro relato sobre a ocorrência de PBV em Guira guira. A circulação de ARV e PBV nesse ambiente demonstra que os ciclos desses agentes estão ocorrendo de forma natural no ecossistema silvestre, o que pode desencadear possíveis eventos de transmissão entre as espécies aviárias e humanos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para determinar a epidemiologia, origem, evolução e surgimento de novos vírus potencialmente patogênicos na Amazônia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202300120

Bullying nas escolas públicas e privadas: os efeitos de gênero, raça e nível socioeconômico
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Silva, Cíntia Santana e

; Vilela, Elaine Meire

; Oliveira, Valéria Cristina de

Educação e Pesquisa

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2024, Volume 50 elocation e264614

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This article explores the effects of social markers of gender, race and socioeconomic status (SES) on bullying among 9th-grade students in Brazil. The aim is to investigate whether students from privileged social groups within the social hierarchy (i.e., men, white individuals, and those of higher SES) exhibit higher rates of bullying perpetration, and conversely, whether students from disadvantaged social groups (women, black individuals, and those of lower SES) are more likely to be victims of these acts. We analyzed data from the 2015 National Survey of School Health (PeNSE) through Hierarchical Generalized Linear Models (HGLM) adjusted separately for public and private schools and for different types of student involvement with bullying: as victim, aggressor, or victim-aggressor. The results indicate that, only as to SES, we can state that bullying reproduces the status hierarchy found in society. In both public and private schools, students with a higher SES are more likely to bully someone, while students with a lower SES are more likely to be bullied. As for gender, it is observed that male students are more prone to be involved in bullying than female students, whether as a victim, aggressor, or victim-aggressor. Differentials are more significant in private schools than in public schools. As for race, it is observed that acting like a bully permeates racial groups in multiple ways.

Resumo O artigo investiga os efeitos dos marcadores sociais de gênero, raça e nível socioeconômico sobre o bullying entre os alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental no Brasil. O objetivo é verificar se o fenômeno está relacionado com hierarquias de poder estabelecidas na sociedade, de modo que alunos integrantes dos grupos sociais privilegiados na hierarquia social (isto é, homens, brancos e de nível socioeconômico mais elevado) tendem a praticar mais bullying e discentes de grupos sociais desfavorecidos (mulheres, negros e de nível socioeconômico mais baixo) tendem a sofrer mais bullying . Analisamos dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) 2015 a partir de Modelos Lineares Generalizados Hierárquicos (MLGH). As análises são feitas separadamente para escolas públicas e privadas e os diferentes tipos de envolvimento dos alunos com o bullying , seja como vítima, agressor e vítima-agressor. Os resultados apontam que, apenas no que se refere ao nível socioeconômico, podemos afirmar que o bullying reproduz a hierarquia de status presente na sociedade. Tanto na escola pública quanto na privada, os alunos de maior nível socioeconômico estão mais propensos a praticarem, enquanto os de menor nível estão mais propensos a sofrerem bullying . Quanto ao gênero, verifica-se que os alunos do sexo masculino têm maior propensão ao envolvimento com o bullying do que as meninas, seja como vítima, agressor ou vítima-agressor. Os diferenciais são mais expressivos nas escolas privadas que nas públicas. No que se refere à raça, observa-se que o envolvimento com o bullying permeia os grupos raciais em múltiplos sentidos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-4634202450264614por

10.

A Influência das Atitudes dos Estudantes em Condições Socioeconômicas Adversas no Desempenho em Matemática
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Alvarenga, Márcio Siqueira

; Nossa, Silvania Neris

; Figueiredo, Sabrina Oliveira de

; Pavani, Elaine Cristina Rossi

Bolema: Boletim de Educação Matemática

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2024, Volume 38 elocation e230168

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This paper analyzes students’ attitudes who, even in adverse socioeconomic situations, such as low parental participation, low income, and constant contact with violence, mainly in suburban areas, achieve favorable performance in mathematics. The theoretical framework was based on studies related to education and school performance, school success, equity, and attitudes towards students’ performance in mathematics in different circumstances. The sample was composed of high school students from a state public school in the municipality of Cariacica, in the state of Espírito Santo. The primary database was built with the application of questionnaires, consisting of questions about the student's socioeconomic status, their attitudes, and school performance. From the multivariate regression analysis of the data, the research presents results that in a similar socioeconomic context, the differential performance of students is explained predominantly by their positive attitudes towards studies and with a higher probability of appearing in the upper quartile, i.e., students with higher grades in the sample, as well as the average education of their parents. The relevance of this research is given in the contribution to the studies of Mathematics Education, pointing out the relationship between socioeconomic status, attitudes, and school performance and making a reflection on equal conditions.

Resumo Este trabalho analisa as atitudes dos estudantes que, mesmo em situações socioeconômicas adversas, tais como a baixa participação dos pais, baixa renda e constante convívio com a violência, principalmente em zonas de periferia, conseguem desempenho favorável em Matemática. O referencial teórico baseou-se nos estudos relativos à educação e desempenho escolar, sucesso escolar, equidade e atitudes em relação ao desempenho dos alunos de Matemática em diversas circunstâncias. A amostra foi composta por alunos de Ensino Médio de uma escola pública estadual do município de Cariacica, no Estado do Espírito Santo. A base de dados primária foi construída com a aplicação de questionários, constituídos de questões sobre a condição socioeconômica do aluno, suas atitudes e desempenho escolar. A partir da análise de regressão multivariada dos dados, a pesquisa apresenta resultados que em um contexto socioeconômico semelhante, o diferencial desempenho dos estudantes é explicado predominantemente com suas atitudes positivas em relação aos estudos e com maior probabilidade de figurarem no quartil superior, ou seja, os alunos com maior nota na amostra, assim como a escolaridade média dos pais. A relevância dessa pesquisa se dá na contribuição para os estudos da Educação Matemática, apontando a relação entre situação socioeconômica, atitudes e desempenho escolar e fazendo uma reflexão sobre igualdade de condições.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-4415v38a230168

11.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Mayo High Performance Team Scale (MHPTS) into Brazilian Portuguese
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SANTOS, MARCOS MACIEL CANDIDO JUSTINO DOS

; LIMA, SARA FITERMAN

; SLULLITEL, ALEXANDRE

; OLIVEIRA, NELSON GONÇALVES DE

; SANTOS, ELAINE CRISTINA NEGRI

; ARAÚJO, EDUARDO CRUZ

; BRUGINSKI, DANIELLE

; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, GERSON ALVES

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões

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2024, Volume 51 elocation e20243740

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: describe the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Mayo High Performance Team Scale into Brazilian Portuguese. Method: descriptive study of validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the scale, carried out virtually, following assumptions proposed by Beaton and collaborators. It had a sample of 40 experts, and carried out two rounds, one for validation and one for final assessment. Results: after following all translation steps, the scale was presented to the committee of experts who reached a consensus (IVC between 0.9 and 1.0) that there was no discrepancy, after evaluating the semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalences between the original scale and the translated version. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the MHPTS was adequately translated and validated, revealing excellent potential for use in clinical simulation contexts for multidisciplinary scenarios.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o processo de tradução e adaptação transcultural da escala Mayo High Performance Team Scale para o português brasileiro. Método: estudo descritivo de validação e adaptação transcultural da escala, realizado de maneira virtual, seguindo pressupostos propostos por Beaton e colaboradores. Contou com uma amostra de 40 especialistas, e realizou duas rodadas, sendo uma de validação e uma de apreciação final. Resultados: após seguir todas as etapas de tradução a escala foi apresentada ao comitê de especialistas que chegou a um consenso (IVC entre 0,9 e 1,0) sobre não haver qualquer discrepância, após avaliação das equivalências semântica, idiomática, experiencial e conceitual entre a escala original e a versão traduzida. Conclusão: A versão em português brasileiro da MHPTS foi adequadamente traduzida e validada, revelando excelente potencial de utilização em contextos de simulação clínica para cenários multiprofissionais.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20243740-en

12.

Prevalence of karyotype alterations in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss in a tertiary center in Brazil
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Oliveira, Elaine Cristina Fontes de

; Cruzeiro, Ines Katerina Damasceno Cavallo

; Souza, Cezar Antônio Abreu de

; Reis, Fernando Marcos

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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2024, Volume 46 elocation e-rbgo51

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To assess the prevalence and type of chromosomal abnormalities in Brazilian couples with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and compare the clinical characteristics of couples with and without chromosome abnormalities. Methods We assessed the medical records of 127 couples with a history of two or more miscarriages, referred to a tertiary academic hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from January 2014 to May 2023. Karyotype was generated from peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, and cytogenetic analysis was performed according to standard protocols by heat-denatured Giemsa (RHG) banding. Results Abnormal karyotypes were detected in 10 couples (7.8%). The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities was higher among females (6.3%) compared to males (2.0%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.192). The mean number of miscarriages was. 3.3 ± 1.1 in couples with chromosome abnormalities and 3.1 ± 1.5 in couples without chromosome abnormalities (p=0.681). Numerical chromosomal anomalies (6 cases) were more frequent than structural anomalies. Four women presented low-grade Turner mosaicism. No differences were found between couples with and without karyotype alterations, except for maternal age, which was higher in the group with chromosome alterations. Conclusion The prevalence of parental chromosomal alterations in our study was higher than in most series described in the literature and was associated with increased maternal age. These findings suggest that karyotyping should be part of the investigation for Brazilian couples with RPL, as identifying the genetic etiology may have implications for subsequent pregnancies.

https://doi.org/10.61622/rbgo/2024rbgo51

13.

Factors associated with the completion of syphilis treatment among transgender women and travestis, in five Brazilian capitals, 2019-2021: a multicenter cross-sectional study
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Carreira, Luis Fernando Gomes

; Veras, Maria A. S.

; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz

; Queiroz, Rita Suely Bacuri de

; Silveira, Edilene Peres Real

; Oliveira, Elaine Lopes de

; Bassichetto, Katia Cristina

; Rocha, Aline Borges Moreira da

; Suprasert, Bow

; Wilson, Erin C.

; McFarland, Willi

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2024, Volume 33 N. spe1 elocation e2024294

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222024v33e2024294.especial.en

14.

Hepatitis A, B and C prevalence among transgender women and travestis in five Brazilian capitals between 2019-2021
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Moreira, Regina Célia

; Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena

; Amianti, Carolina

; McCartney, Daniel Jason

; Silva, Vanessa Cristina Martins

; Lemos, Marcilio Figueiredo

; Compri, Adriana Parise

; Oliveira, Elaine Lopes de

; Bassichetto, Katia Cristina

; Leal, Andréa Fachel

; Knauth, Daniela Ruva

; Magno, Laio

; Dourado, Inês

; Galan, Lenice

; Fonseca, Paula Andrea Morelli

; Queiroz, Rita Suely Bacuri de

; Silva, Roberto José Carvalho da

; Araujo, Sandra

; Miyachi, Marcia Eiko

; Soares, Claudio de Sousa

; Ahagon, Luciana Mitie Kawai

; Mayaud, Philippe

; Sperandei, Sandro

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2024, Volume 27 Suppl. 1 elocation e240005.supl.1

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240005.supl.1

15.

Electrochemical Oxidation Using Parallel Plate Flow Reactors as an Alternative Technique to Treat Single and Trichromy Dye Effluents
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Ferreira, Maiara B. Santos, Elaine Cristina M. de Moura Nascimento, José H. Oliveira Galvão, Felipe M. Fontes Santos, Elisama Vieira dos Santos, José Eudes Lima Espinoza-Montero, Patricio J. Martínez-Huitle, Carlos A.

Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society

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dec 2023, Volume 67 N. 4 Pages 432 - 447

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen. La oxidación electroquímica (EO) se ha investigado como una técnica de tratamiento alternativa para la remediación de efluentes textiles reales que contienen un solo tinte y una tricromía de Remazol Yellow 3RS (RY 3RS), Remazol Red RR Gran (RR-RR Gran) y Navy Blue CL -R (NB CL-R), utilizando un reactor de flujo de placas paralelas equipado con materiales electrocatalíticos Ti/Pt o Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb y Ti como cátodo. Se examinó la influencia del material del ánodo y las densidades de corriente aplicadas sobre la decoloración, la reducción de materia orgánica, el potencial de celda y el consumo de energía durante la EO. Se logró una mayor remoción de color con Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb en todos los efluentes tratados en comparación con Ti/Pt en todos los tiempos de electrólisis, debido a la alta producción de oxidantes, especialmente radicales hidroxilos en su superficie. La formación de una película de polímero en la superficie del ánodo inhibió la eliminación de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) durante el tratamiento de un solo efluente que contenía colorantes RY 3RS y RR-RR Gran con cualquiera de los ánodos, mientras que las eficiencias de eliminación de DQO del 13,93 % y 30,03 %, y del 54,74 % y Se obtuvo 74,48 % para Ti/Pt y Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb, respectivamente, en el tratamiento de efluentes de tricromía después de 240 min de electrólisis. El Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb requería un menor consumo de energía en comparación con el ánodo de Ti/Pt. En la mayoría de los ensayos estudiados, el EO mejoró el oxígeno disuelto (OD) y redujo la turbidez del efluente, haciéndolo seguro para su eliminación en el medio ambiente.

Abstract. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) has been investigated as an alternative treatment technique for the remediation of real textile effluents containing a single dye and a trichromy of Remazol Yellow 3RS (RY 3RS), Remazol Red RR Gran (RR-RR Gran) and Navy Blue CL-R (NB CL-R) dyes, using a parallel plate flow reactor equipped with Ti/Pt or Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb electrocatalytic materials and Ti as cathode. The influence of the anode material and applied current densities on decolourization, organic matter decrease, cell potential and energy consumption during EO was examined. Higher color removal was achieved with Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb in all treated effluents compared to Ti/Pt at all electrolysis times, due to high oxidant production, especially hydroxyl radicals on their surface. Polymer film formation on the anode surface inhibited chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal during the treatment of a single effluent containing RY 3RS and RR-RR Gran dyes with either anode, whereas COD removal efficiencies of 13.93 % and 30.03 %, and 54.74 % and 74.48 % were obtained for Ti/Pt and Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb, respectively, in treating trichromy effluent after 240 min of electrolysis. Lower energy consumption was required by Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb compared to the Ti/Pt anode. In most of the trials studied, EO enhanced dissolved oxygen (DO) and reduced effluent turbidity, making it safe for disposal in the environment.

https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2028

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