Resumo Atividade física intensa pode aumentar o estresse oxidativo e danos musculares, causando fadiga e lesões. As meias de compressão graduada (MCG) podem diminuir esses efeitos deletérios. O objetivo foi determinar os efeitos agudos da MCG no dano muscular e estresse oxidativo (EO) em coletores de lixo. Treze coletores de lixo, 25,4 ± 5,2 anos, participaram usando MCG ou placebo. As amostras de sangue foram coletadas antes e após um dia útil e após 16 horas de descanso. Marcadores de EO e dano muscular foram avaliados. ANOVA de duas vias (duas condições e dois momentos) foi usada para á análise dos resultados. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas para creatina quinase, catalase e glutationa peroxidase entre o tempo e os grupos. Houve uma diferença significativa para o conteúdo total tiólico e superóxido dismutase apenas no grupo controle (pré e pós, p = 0,004). O uso de MCG exerceu proteção aguda contra o aumento de marcadores de EO, mas não contribuiu para atenuar danos musculares

Abstract Intense physical activity can increase oxidative stress and muscle damage in, causing fatigue and injury. Graduated compression stockings (GCS) can decrease these deleterious effects. The aim was to determine the acute effects of GCS on muscle damage and oxidative stress (OS) in garbage collectors. Thirteen garbage collectors, 25.4±5.2 years, participated using GCS or placebo stockings. Blood samples were collected at pre and post a working day and after 16 hours of rest. Markers of OS and muscle damage were evaluated. Two-way ANOVA (two conditions and two moments) was used for the analysis of the outcomes No significant differences were found for creatine kinase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase between the time and groups. There was a significant difference for the total thiol content and superoxide dismutase only in the control group (pre and post, p = 0.004). The use of GCS exerted acute protection against the increase of markers of OS, but did not contribute to attenuate muscle damage.

Abstract Background Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) strikes around ten million people worldwide every year and is associated with major complications including pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome. Anticoagulation is the standard treatment, with administration of heparins, vitamin K antagonists, fondaparinux, or, more recently, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Anticoagulants reduce thrombus progression and facilitate natural thrombolytic mechanisms, leading to a phenomenon known as recanalization, which can occur in varying degrees and over variable periods of time, under influence from many different factors, including the type of anticoagulation employed. Objectives To evaluate the degree of recanalization and the time taken, by analysis of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) reports from patients with DVT treated with DOACs or with heparin + warfarin. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of demographic data and CDU reports from patients with DVT who had been treated from January 2009 to December 2016. These patients were classified into two groups, according to the treatment given: Group I (heparin + warfarin): 26 patients; or Group II (rivaroxaban): 51 patients. The primary outcomes assessed were degree of recanalization and time taken. Results Recanalization rates at 30, 90, and 180 days were 10%, 52.5%, and 78.9%, respectively, in Group I, and 55.3%, 83.5%, and 92.4%, respectively, in Group II, with statistically significant difference (p = 0.041). Conclusions Both treatments led to recanalization. Recanalization occurred earlier among patients treated with rivaroxaban.

Resumo Contexto A trombose venosa profunda (TVP) afeta anualmente cerca de dez milhões de pessoas no mundo e tem como principais complicações a embolia pulmonar e a síndrome pós-trombótica. O tratamento padrão é a anticoagulação, que pode ser realizada com heparinas, antagonistas da vitamina K, fondaparinux ou, mais recentemente, com anticoagulantes orais diretos (direct oral anticoagulants, DOACs). Os anticoagulantes diminuem a progressão do trombo e facilitam os mecanismos trombolíticos naturais, fato conhecido como recanalização, que pode ocorrer em graus e tempos variados, influenciados por diversos fatores, dentre eles o tipo de anticoagulação utilizado. Objetivos Avaliar o grau e o tempo de recanalização através da análise de laudos de eco-Doppler colorido (EDC) de pacientes com TVP tratados com DOACs ou com heparina + varfarina. Métodos Foram avaliados retrospectivamente os dados demográficos e os laudos dos EDC dos pacientes com TVP, tratados entre janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2016. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com a terapêutica utilizada: Grupo I (heparina + varfarina): 26 pacientes; Grupo II (rivaroxabana): 51 pacientes. Os principais itens observados foram o grau e o tempo para a recanalização. Resultados Foram observadas taxas de recanalização aos 30, 90 e 180 dias de 10%, 52,5% e 78,9%, respectivamente, no Grupo I, e de 55,3%, 83,5% e 92,4%, respectivamente, no Grupo II, com diferença estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,041). Conclusões Ambos os tratamentos promoveram recanalização. Houve recanalização mais precoce no grupo de pacientes que utilizaram a rivaroxabana.

Resumo Dentre os gêneros de Asteraceae destaca-se Mikania que compreende ca. 450 espécies de distribuição principalmente neotropical. Mikania é considerado monofilético e pode ser facilmente reconhecido pelos capítulos com quatro flores e quatro brácteas involucrais subentendidos por uma bráctea subinvolucral. Este estudo objetivou realizar o levantamento florístico do gênero Mikania no Ceará, nordeste do Brasil. Foram analisadas amostras dos herbários ALCB, EAC, HCDAL, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA, K, P, NY e R, consultadas bibliografias especializadas e imagens disponíveis nas bases SpeciesLink, JSTOR e Herbário Virtual Reflora, além de coletas obtidas atraves de expedições a campo. Para o Ceará foram listadas oito espécies de Mikania, das quais três são novos registros. Mikania biformis é também nova ocorrência para a Região Nordeste. Mikania elliptica e M. ternata foram coletadas em ambientes de mata úmida; a primeira possuía registros apenas para a Bahia e Minas Gerais, em áreas de Caatinga e Cerrado, e a segunda, para a Bahia e regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil nos domínios do Cerrado e Mata Atlântica. As demais espécies (M. congesta, M. cordifolia, M. micrantha, M. psilostachya e M. vitifolia) são amplamente distribuídas no Brasil.

Abstract The genus Mikania is comprised of approximately 450 species, most of which, have neotropical distribution. Mikania is a monophyletic genus and can be easily recognized by the capitula with four phyllaries, four florets surrounded by a subinvolucral bract. This study aims to provide an inventory of Mikania in the Ceará state, northeast Brazil. The collections of the herbaria ALCB, EAC, HCDAL, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA, K, NY, P and R; data and images available on the websites SpeciesLink, JSTOR and Virtual Herbarium Reflora and specialized literature were analyzed, besides samples obtained through field expeditions. Mikania is represented in Ceará by eight species, of which three are new records for the state. Mikania biformis is also a new record in the Northeastern region. Mikania elliptica and M. ternata were collected in the rainforest areas. The former, until now was only recorded in the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais, in the Caatinga and Cerrado; while the latter, in Bahia and the South and Southeastern regions of Brazil, in the Cerrado and Mata Atlântica. The other species (M. congesta, M. cordifolia, M. micrantha, M. psilostachya and M. vitifolia) are widely distributed in Brazil.

Abstract Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03 isolated from contaminated landfill soil efficiently decolorized five textile azo dyes under static conditions. One of them, Reactive Red 239 (RR239), was completely decolorized at a pH range of 7 to 11 (at 35°C) within 3-6 h. The bacterium was also efficiently decolorized RR239 in a wide temperature range of 25-40°C (at pH 8). The kinetics of RR239 decolorization by G5-03 fitted to the Michaelis-Menten Model (K m = 443.3 mg L-1, V max = 166.7 mg L-1 h-1). The decolorization of RR239 was monitored by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, which showed significant changes in peak positions when compared to the dye spectrum. Overall, the ability of S. xiamenensis G5-03 to decolorize textile azo dyes in a wide range of temperatures and pH (neutral-alkaline) indicate that this strain is a potential candidate for treating dye-containing effluent.

Resumo Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03 isolada de solo contaminado de aterro sanitário foi eficiente em descolorir cinco corantes têxteis azos em condições estáticas. Um deles, Reactive Red 239 (RR239), foi completamente descolorido na faixa de pH de 7 a 11 (a 35°C) dentro de 3-6 h. A bactéria também foi eficiente em descolorir RR239 em uma ampla faixa de temperatura de 25-40°C (em pH 8). A cinética de descoloração do RR239 pela G5-03 se ajustou ao modelo de Michaelis-Menten (K m = 443,3 mg L-1, V max = 166,7 mg L-1 h-1). A descoloração do RR239 foi monitorada por espectroscopia UV-Vis e FTIR, que mostrou mudanças significativas nas posições dos picos quando comparadas ao espectro do corante. No geral, a capacidade de S. xiamenensis G5-03 para descolorir os corantes têxteis azo em uma ampla faixa de temperatura e pH (neutro-alcalino) indica que esta cepa é uma candidata em potencial para o tratamento de efluente contendo corante.

Abstract Annona leptopetala (R.E.Fr.) H. Rainer, Annonaceae, is used in folk medicine like antitumor and anti-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to determine chemical composition, toxicity and antitumor activity of A. leptopetala leaves volatile oil. Fresh leaves were hydrodistilled and then the volatile oil chemical composition was assessed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Toxicity was assessed using haemolysis, micronucleus and acute toxicity protocols. Antitumor effects were determined in vitro and in vivo, using sulforhodamine B assay and sarcoma 180 murine tumor model, respectively. Spathulenol was the major component identified (12.56%). The volatile oil showed in vitro antitumor activity mainly in leukemia cell line (K-562), with Total growth inhibit (TGI) (concentration producing TGI) of 0.64 µg/ml. In other hand, the volatile oil <250 µg/ml did not inhibit HaCat non-tumor cell line growth. The concentration that produced 50% haemolysis was 372.8 µg/ml. The 50% lethal dose in mice was approximately 447.2 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Sarcoma 180 tumor growth inhibition rates were 59.29% and 58.77% at 100 and 150 mg/kg intraperitoneally, respectively. The volatile oil presented moderate gastrointestinal toxicity and no genotoxicity was observed at 350 mg/kg. Thus, the volatile oil shows antitumor activity with moderate toxicity.

ABSTRACT Herein we report a fatal case of donor-derived transmission of XDR-resistant carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) in cardiac transplantation. A 59-year-old male patient with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent heart transplantation. On day 5 post-operation, blood cultures from the donor were positive for colistin-resistant carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (ColR KPC-Kp) susceptible only to amikacin. Recipient blood cultures were also positive for ColR KPC-Kp with the same sensitivity profile as the donor isolate with an identical PFGE pattern. The patient was treated with double-carbapenems and amikacin. The patient evolved to pericarditis, osteomyelitis, and pulmonary necrosis, all fragment cultures positive for the same agent. The patient developed septic shock, multiple organ failure and died on day 50 post-transplantation. Based on current microbiological scenario worldwide the possibility of transmitting multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms should be considered.

ABSTRACT The rice husk ash has been applied in agricultural land, with potential of replace limestone and, supply phosphorus and potassium. However, its residual effect in soil is still unknown. This investigation aimed to evaluate the reaction rate and residual effect of rice husk ash in soils acidity parameters. A field experiment was conducted with five treatments: four rice husk ash dosages 0, 30, 60 and 120 t ha-1 and one treatment with recommended soil lime and fertilizer (dolomitic limestone to reach pH 6, 150 kg ha-1 P2O5 as single superphosphate and 80 kg ha-1 K2O as potassium chloride) where five soil samples. Soil samples were collected in the layers 0.00 - 0.10 m and 0.10 - 0.20 m at 15, 211, 400, 517 and 804 days after ash incorporation. Chemical attributes were determined: soil pH (pH), soil base, exchangeable cation values (Ca, Mg, K and Na) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) at pH 7. Results showed that reaction rate of rice husk ash is faster when compared to liming. As greater was rice husk ash dosage applied in soil, higher is the residual effect in pH. As corrective of soil acidity, the residual effect of rice husk ash is just the required time to occur the natural process of reacidification and leaching of basic cations, about 33 months for soils and weather conditions similar to this work.

RESUMO A cinza de casca de arroz apresenta como uma de suas principais utilizações a incorporação na agricultura, com potencial para substituir a calagem e fornecer cálcio e potássio. Entretanto seu efeito residual no solo ainda é desconhecido. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a velocidade de reação e o efeito residual da cinza de casca de arroz nos parâmetros de acidez do solo. Para tal, foi realizado um experimento de campo constituído por cinco tratamentos: quatro doses de cinza de casca de arroz 0, 30, 60 e 120 t ha-1 e um tratamento com adubação e calagem recomendada (calcário dolomítico para atingir pH 6, 150 kg ha-1 P2O5 como superfosfato simples e 80 kg ha-1 K2O como cloreto de potássio) onde foram realizadas cinco amostragens de solo, nas camadas de 0.00-0.10 m e 0.10-0.20 m, aos 15, 211, 400, 517 e 804 dias após a incorporação da cinza. Os atributos químicos analisados foram: pH em água, porcentagem de saturação de bases, teores de cátions trocáveis (Ca, Mg, K e Na) e capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC) a pH 7. Os resultados indicaram que, a velocidade de reação da CCA é muito rápida quando comparada ao calcário. Quanto maior for a dose de cinza de casca de arroz aplicada ao solo, maior é o efeito residual no pH. E, como corretivo de acidez, o efeito residual da cinza de casca de arroz resume-se ao tempo necessário para ocorrer o processo natural de reacidificação e lixiviação dos cátions básicos, cerca de 33 meses para solos e condições climáticas similares ao deste trabalho.

Resumo A uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) é um fruto nativo da Mata Atlântica que apresenta características de aroma e sabor bastante peculiares. Embora seja apreciado por populações locais, o cultivo comercial é praticamente inexistente, assim como os trabalhos de pesquisa. Em vista disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar frutos de duas populações de uvaia cultivadas em Salesópolis, SP, com relação aos aspectos físicos, químicos e funcionais, com vistas a determinar o potencial para consumo in natura e/ou para processamento. Os frutos de duas populações de uvaia (frutos grandes e frutos pequenos) foram colhidos manualmente, quando atingiram o completo amadurecimento. Foram avaliados quanto à coloração da casca, peso do fruto inteiro, diâmetros longitudinal e transversal, porcentagem de sementes, rendimento em polpa, firmeza da polpa, pH, teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez titulável total (ATT), relação SST/ATT, açúcares solúveis totais, pectinas solúvel e total, carotenoides totais, flavonoides amarelos, compostos fenólicos totais, ácido ascórbico e capacidade antioxidante (DPPH e ORAC). Os teores de minerais totais (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, P, K, Ca e Mg) também foram determinados. Quando comparadas as duas populações, pode-se observar que as uvaias apresentaram diferenças expressivas na firmeza, sendo que os frutos do tipo grande apresentaram características vantajosas para a comercialização in natura. No entanto, os frutos do tipo pequeno mostraram-se mais doces e mais ricos em compostos antioxidantes, o que valoriza seu consumo nas formas in natura e processada. Portanto, esta fruta nativa constitui uma importante fonte de nutrientes e de compostos bioativos, com destaque para o Fe.

Abstract Uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) is a fruit tree native to the Atlantic Forest and that features peculiar aroma and flavor. Although this fruit is highly popular locally, its commercial farming is virtually nonexistent. In addition, limited studies on this fruit have been conducted. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the physical, chemical, and functional characteristics of two uvaia fruit populations grown in Salesópolis, SP, Brazil, in order to determine their potential for being consumed both in natura and processed. Uvaia fruits were evaluated as for skin color, whole fruit weight, longitudinal and transversal diameters, seed percentage, pulp yield, pulp firmness, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), TSS/TTA ratio, total soluble sugars, soluble and total pectins, total carotenoids, yellow flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, and in vitro antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ORAC assays). The total mineral content was also determined. Comparison among the two populations revealed that uvaia fruits showed significantly different firmness values, large fruits showing suitable characteristics for the fresh fruit market. However, small fruits were sweeter and richer in antioxidants, allowing the consumption of both natural and processed fruits. Thus, this native fruit denotes an important source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, especially iron.

ABSTRACT Several studies present different methodologies and results about intensity exercise, and many of them are performed in male rats. However, the impact of different type, intensity, frequency and duration of exercise on female rats needs more investigation. From the analysis of blood lactate concentration during lactate minimum test (LacMin) in the swimming exercise, the anaerobic threshold (AT) was identified, which parameter is defined as the transition point between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. LacMin test is considered a good indicator of aerobic conditioning and has been used in prescription of training in different exercise modalities. However, there is no evidence of LacMin test in female rats. The objective was to determine AT in non-pregnant and pregnant Wistar rats. The LacMin test was performed and AT defined for mild exercise intensity was from a load equivalent to 1% of body weight (bw), moderate exercise as carrying 4% bw and severe intensity as carrying 7% bw. In pregnant rats, the AT was reached at a lower loading from 5.0% to 5.5% bw, while in non-pregnant the load was from 5.5% to 6.0% bw. Thus, this study was effective to identify exercise intensities in pregnant and non-pregnant rats using anaerobic threshold by LacMin test.

This paper presents a study involving the development of a new mini polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) vessel project for biological sample preparation in micro scale in closed system with microwave radiation for subsequent determination of Cd, K, Mg and Na by atomic spectrometry techniques. All experiments were carried out in micro quantities of samples (up to 20 mg) and reagents (300 µL of HNO3) for 5 min at 350 W. Certified reference materials of biological samples (bovine muscle and liver) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed system and the results obtained were in agreement with the certified value at 95% of confidence (t -test). Relative standard deviations (RSD) were lower than 8.0% for all elements. The proposed method is not only easy and fast, but it is also based on the use of an inexpensive system for sample digestion.

Iron (Fe) is an essential element for human nutrition, and its deficiency or low hemoglobin levels are a global health issue. Strategies aimed at increasing the amounts of essential elementals in agricultural products, as sprouts of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), can be a way to minimize deficiencies, mainly in the populations of developing countries. Therefore, in this work was evaluated: production of Fe-enriched adzuki bean sprouts; Fe accumulation and translocation in plants in different culture media enriched with different Fe masses (500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 µg); and effects of the enrichment by means of 3000 µg FeIII-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (FeIII-EDTA): on the distribution of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, P, Mg, S, and Zn in different parts of the plant; on protein concentrations (albumins, globulins, prolamins, and glutelins) and their association with Fe in edible parts of the plant (stems); and on Fe bioaccessibility in the edible part of the plant (stems). The enrichment via FeIII-EDTA favored the translocation and increased Fe content of sprouts (75%), besides promoting interactions of Fe with albumins (141%), globulins (180%), and glutelins (93%). In the bioaccessibility assays, Fe was 83% bioaccessible in Fe-enriched sprouts.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional diagnosis of Lippia alba, cultivated with proportions of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) under light environments. The plants were subjected to five ratios of NH4+:NO3-, through nutritive solutions, and the four light environments. The experimental design was totally randomized, with a 5 × 4 interaction and five repetitions per treatment, totaling 100 experiments. The seedlings were transplanted to 6 dm³ capacity plastic pots, containing a mixture of washed sand + vermiculite in the ratio 2:1. At 120 days after application of the treatments were evaluated the following parameters: levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the leaves, stem, root and total (in the plant). The use of the nutritive solutions with 100% of N-NH4+ and in a full sun environment resulted in higher concentrations of N in leaves, stem, roots and in the plant, as well as for the K in the roots and in the plant. The black mesh and the ratio 50:50 NH4+:NO3- have significantly influenced the content of P in the stem and in the roots.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a diagnose nutricional de Lippia alba, cultivada com proporções de amônio (NH4+) e nitrato (NO3-) sob ambientes de luz. As plantas foram submetidas a cinco proporções de NH4+:NO3-, através de soluções nutritivas, e quatro ambientes de luz. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com uma interação de 5 × 4 e cinco repetições por tratamento, totalizando 100 unidades experimentais. As mudas foram transplantadas para vasos de plásticos 6 dm³ de capacidade, contendo uma mistura de areia lavada + vermiculita na proporção 2:1. Aos 120 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: teores de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K) nas folhas, no caule, na raiz e total (na planta). A utilização das soluções nutritivas com 100% de N-NH4+ e em ambiente pleno sol, promoveram as maiores concentrações de N em folhas, caule, raízes e na planta, assim como para o K em raízes e na planta. A malha preta e proporção 50:50 NH4+:NO3- influenciaram significativamente o teor de P no caule e nas raízes.

Abstract This study investigated the in vitro performance of the commercial bis-acryl composite resins Systemp C&B II (SYS, Ivoclar Vivadent), Protemp 4 (PT4, 3M ESPE), Structur 2C (ST2, Voco) and ProviPlast (PVP, Biodinamica). Characterization involved optical (color stability, translucency parameter, fluorescence), surface (roughness, morphology and elemental composition), physical-chemical (viscosity, polymerization kinetics) and mechanical analyses (Poisson ratio, biaxial flexural strength, flexural modulus). Most tests were carried out after 24 h, but optical and mechanical analyses were carried out after storage in water at 37 °C for 1, 15, and 30 days. Data were statistically analyzed (a=0.05). Most results were material dependent. SYS and PT4 showed stability in color and translucency over time. All materials had similar or higher fluorescence than human enamel. SC2 and PVP showed rougher surfaces than the other bis-acryl composites. Smaller filler particles were observed on the surface of PT4 and PVP compared with the coarser particles from ST2 and SYS. Viscosity readings indicated a thixotropic behavior for all tested materials. SYS had the lowest and PT4 the highest degree of C=C conversion after 10 min. In the polymerization kinetics, PT4 had the highest maximum polymerization rate and reached earlier the transition between polymerization autoacceleration and autodeceleration. PT4 and SYS had significantly higher flexural strength and modulus than ST2 and PVP for most storage times. Results for Poisson ratio varied between materials. Longer storage periods were generally associated with higher frequency of catastrophic failures in the flexural tests. In conclusion, the performance of bis-acryl composite resins varied largely among materials.

Resumo Este estudo investigou o desempenho in vitro de quatro resinas compostas bisacrílicas comerciais: Systemp C&B II (SYS, Ivoclar Vivadent), Protemp 4 (PT4, 3M ESPE), Structur 2C (ST2, Voco) e ProviPlast (PVP, Biodinamica). A caracterização envolveu análises ópticas (estabilidade de cor, parâmetro de translucidez, fluorescência), de superfície (rugosidade, morfologia e composição elementar), físico-químicas (viscosidade, cinética de polimerização) e mecânicas (razão de Poisson, resistência à flexão biaxial, módulo de elasticidade). A maioria dos testes foram realizados após 24 h, enquanto análises ópticas e mecânicas foram realizadas após armazenamento em água a 37 °C por 1, 15 e 30 dias. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente (a=0,05). Grande parte dos resultados foi dependente do material. SYS e PT4 mostraram estabilidade de cor e translucidez ao longo do tempo. Todos os materiais apresentaram fluorescência similar ou maior que o esmalte humano. SC2 e PVP apresentaram superfícies mais rugosas que os outros materiais. Menores partículas de carga foram observadas na superfície de PT4 e PVP comparadas às partículas mais irregulares de ST2 e SYS. As leituras de viscosidade indicaram comportamento tixotrópico para todos os materiais testados. SYS teve a menor e PT4 o maior grau de conversão de C=C após 10 min. Na cinética de polimerização, PT4 teve a maior taxa máxima de polimerização e atingiu mais cedo a transição entre autoaceleração e autodesaceleração da polimerização. PT4 e SYS apresentaram resistência à flexão e módulo de elasticidade significativamente maiores que ST2 e PVP na maioria dos períodos de armazenamento. Resultados da razão de Poisson variaram entre os materiais. Períodos mais longos de armazenamento foram em geral associados a maior frequência de falhas catastróficas nos testes de flexão. Em conclusão, o desempenho das resinas compostas bisacrílicas variou amplamente entre os materiais.

ABSTRACT Hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Herissantia tiubae (K. Schum.) Brizicky, Malvaceae, was evaluated in experimental models of inflammation and toxicity. For toxicity assays, male and female Swiss mice were orally treated with hydroalcoholic extract of H. tiubae (2000 mg/kg) and analyzed by consumption of water and food, body weight, mortality and rates of major organ weights, as well as biochemical and hematological indexes. For anti-inflammatory effect, phlogistic agents such as carrageenan or acetic acid were used to evaluate paw edema, cell migration and cytokine production. It was also investigated the hydroalcoholic extract of H. tiubae in RAW 264.7 macrophage lineage by nitric oxide and cytokine productions. Swiss mice treated with hydroalcoholic extract of H. tiubae showed low toxicity and (50 or 100 mg/kg) was able to reduce significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) polymorphonuclear cell migration, TNF-α and IL-1β production in the carrageenan-induced peritonitis. However the hydroalcoholic extract of H. tiubae (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg) did not reduce carrageenan-induced paw edema. Additionally, hydroalcoholic extract of H. tiubae did not present cytotoxicity at concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 µg/ml but induced significantly decrease of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 production in macrophage lineage. This study suggests that hydroalcoholic extract of H. tiubae has anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting cell migration mainly by decreasing the inflammatory cytokine levels at the inflamed site independently of the anti-edematogenic effect.

Abstract This study provides a spatial analysis of distribution and access to commercial fruit and vegetable establishments within the territory of a representative sample of public fitness facilities known as the Health Academy Program (HAP) in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The study evaluated commercial food establishments within a buffer area based on a radius of 1,600 meters around each of 18 randomly selected fitness facilities. Quality of access to fruits and vegetables was assessed by the Healthy Food Store Index (HFSI), consisting of the variables availability, variety, and advertising of fruits, vegetables and ultra-processed foods. The analysis was based on calculation of the Kernel intensity estimator, nearest neighbor method, and Ripley K-function. Of the 336 food establishments, 61.3% were green grocers and open-air markets, with a median HFSI of 11 (5 to 16). In only 17% of the territories, the majority of the “hot area” establishments displayed better access to healthy foods, and only three areas showed a clustering pattern. The study showed limited access to commercial establishments supplying healthy fruits and vegetables within the territory of the public fitness program.

Resumo Analisar espacialmente a distribuição e o acesso a estabelecimentos comerciais de frutas e hortaliças no território de uma amostra representativa de polos do Programa Academia da Saúde (PAS) de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Avaliaram-se estabelecimentos contidos dentro de buffers com raios de 1.600 metros a partir de 18 polos amostrados aleatoriamente. A qualidade do acesso às frutas e hortaliças foi avaliada pelo Índice de Acesso a Alimentos em Estabelecimentos (HFSI), composto por variáveis de disponibilidade, variedade e propaganda de frutas e hortaliças e alimentos ultraprocessados. A análise constou do cálculo do estimador de intensidade kernel, método do vizinho mais próximo e função K de Ripley. Dos 336 estabelecimentos, 61,3% eram sacolões e feiras-livres, com mediana de HFSI 11 (5 a 16). Em apenas 17% dos territórios analisados, a maioria dos estabelecimentos da área quente apresentava melhor acesso a alimentos saudáveis, sendo que apenas três áreas apresentaram padrão de aglomeração. Verificou-se acesso limitado a estabelecimentos comerciais que ofertam frutas e hortaliças com qualidade no território do PAS.

Resumen Analizamos espacialmente la distribución y el acceso a tiendas de frutas y verduras en el territorio de una muestra representativa de lugares donde se realiza el Programa Academia de la Salud (PAS por sus siglas en portugués) de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Evaluamos los establecimientos que aparecen en zonas acotadas con un radio de 1.600 metros, con respecto a 18 zonas procedentes de muestras al azar. La calidad de acceso a frutas y hortalizas se evaluó mediante el Índice de Acceso a los Establecimientos de Alimentación (IAA), integrado por variables de disponibilidad, variedad, anuncios de frutas y hortalizas, así como alimentos ultraprocesados. Se usó en este análisis el estimador de intensidad Kernel, el barrio más cercano y la función K de Ripley. De los 336 establecimientos encuestados, un 61,3% eran tiendas y mercados al aire libre, con una media de 11 IAA (5-16). Tan sólo en un 17% del territorio analizado la mayoría de los establecimientos estaban situados en la zona más significativa, donde había un mejor acceso a alimentos sanos, e incluso tres áreas mostraron un patrón de aglomeración. Verificamos, asimismo, un acceso limitado a los establecimientos comerciales que ofrecen frutas y verduras en otras áreas del HAP, sobre todo en cuanto a la calidad.