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Histopathological features of the brain extracellular matrix from dogs with canine distemper
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Oliveira, L.A.

; Viscone, E.A.

; Medeiros-Ronchi, A.A.

; Bandarra, M.B.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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oct 2023, Volume 75 N. 5 Pages 831 - 842

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Canine distemper causes demyelinating leucoencephalitis, like human multiple sclerosis. The encephalic microenvironment, including the extracellular matrix, is an important key factor of this lesion, already described in multiple sclerosis but not proved in canine distemper. Thereby, the aim of this work is to characterize the extracellular matrix in the encephalon of dogs with canine distemper. Samples of cortex and cerebellum of 14 naturally infected dogs with canine distemper virus were collected after being sent for necropsy in the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the Veterinary Hospital of Uberlândia Federal University. The samples were processed as routine, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H.E), Masson Trichrome (MT), Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Reticulin, and then described. Areas of demyelination and necrosis were quantified in percentage of stain. The TM samples showed blue stain around vessels and meninge, which indicates a higher deposition of collagen in lesioned areas. At necrotic areas, reticulin stain pointed to a disorganization in the vascular wall and PAS-stained pink granules in macrophages. We conclude that the extracellular matrix seems to participate in the pathogeny of canine distemper. More research should be done to better detail the involvement of these molecules in the course of this disease.

RESUMO A cinomose canina, assim como a esclerose múltipla, provoca leucoencefalite desmeilinizante. O microambiente encefálico, incluindo a matriz extracelular, atua como fator adjuvante na esclerose múltipla, porém não há comprovação do mesmo na cinomose canina. Portanto o objetivo neste trabalho é caracterizar a matriz extracelular do encéfalo de cães com cinomose canina. Foram coletados fragmentos de córtex frontal e cerebelo de 14 cães naturalmente infectados com cinomose canina encaminhados para necropsia no Laboratório de Patologia Animal do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Os fragmentos foram processados rotineiramente, corados com Hematoxilina e Eosina (H.E.), Tricrômico de Masson (TM), Ácido-Periódico de Schiff (PAS) e Reticulina e então foram descritas. As áreas com desmielinização e/ou necrose também foram quantificadas. A coloração de TM evidenciou marcação azulada em vasos e meninge, indicando maior deposição de fibras colágenas nas lesões. Nas áreas de necrose notou-se parede vascular desorganizada, a partir da reticulina, além de pigmentos róseos em macrófagos corados com PAS. Conclui-se que a matriz extracelular aparenta participar na patogenia da cinomose. Outros estudos são necessários para maiores detalhes da ação dessas moléculas na patogenia da cinomose canina.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12651

SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 and human reproduction – A changing perspective - A 2022 update
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Delamuta, Luciana C.

; Monteleone, Pedro A.A.

; Ferreira-Filho, Edson S.

; Heinrich-Oliveira, Vanessa

; Soares-Júnior, José Maria

; Baracat, Edmund C.

; Maciel, Gustavo Arantes Rosa

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100166

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100166

P2X7 receptor antagonist improves gastrointestinal disorders in spontaneously hypertensive rats
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Oliveira, K.B.V. de

; Severo, J.S.

; Silva, A.C.A. da

; Santos, B.L.B. dos

; Mendes, P.H.M.

; Sabino, J.P.J.

; Filho, A.L.M.M.

; Correia-de-Sá, P.

; Santos, A.A. dos

; Silva, M.T.B. da

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12569

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The purinergic system participates in the control of blood pressure. Hypertension promotes the occurrence of gastrointestinal disorders such as intestinal inflammation and gastric emptying delay. This study aimed i) to investigate the participation of the P2X7 receptor blocker Brilliant Blue G (BBG) on gastric emptying of solids and changes in oxidative stress in the gastric fundus, duodenum, and colon of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and ii) to study the putative relationship of this effect with the renin-angiotensin system. Rats were divided into five groups: Control, SHR, SHR+BBG, SHR+BBG+ATP, and SHR+BBG+ANG II. In the gastrointestinal tract, we assessed gastric emptying (GE) and oxidative stress markers (NOx, MPO, GSH, SOD). We observed a decrease in the GE rate (P<0.05) in SHR vs control rats (21.8±2.0% vs 42.8±3.5%). The decrease in GE was returned (P<0.05) to control levels by BBG in SHR rats (21.8±2.0% vs 41.6±3.2%). Co-administration of ATP or ANG II together with BBG bypassed the effect of the P2X7 antagonist on GE in SHR (P<0.05) (21.9±5.0% vs 25.6±3.0% vs 41.6±3.2%). The MPO activity increased (P<0.05) in the gastric fundus of SHR compared to control rats (6.12±2.26 vs 0.077±0.02 UMPO/mg tissue); this effect was prevented (P<0.05) by BBG (0.55±0.15 vs 6.12±2.26 UMPO/mg tissue). Data demonstrated that blockage of P2X7 receptors with BBG can improve the GE delay and oxidative stress biomarkers in SHR animals. This preventive effect of BBG on GE delay was abrogated by ANG II and ATP, thus prompting crosstalk between renin-angiotensin and the purinergic signaling systems underlying this phenomenon.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12569

Total rupture of Achilles tendon induces inflammatory response and glial activation on the spinal cord of mice
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Paula, D.R. De

; França, M.S.

; Leão, L.K.R.

; Maciel, A.A.

; Moura, T.A.A.

; Moraes, S.A.S. de

; Bahia, C.P.

; Borges, R.S.

; Batista, E.J.O.

; Passos, A.C.F.

; Oliveira, K.R.H.M.

; Herculano, A.M.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12391

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Rupture of Achilles tendon is a common accident affecting professional and recreational athletes. Acute and chronic pain are symptoms commonly observed in patients with rupture. However, few studies have investigated whether Achilles tendon rupture is able to promote disorders in the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate nociceptive alterations and inflammatory response in the L5 lumbar segment of Balb/c mice spinal cord after Achilles tendon rupture. We found increased algesia in the paw of the ruptured group on the 7th and 14th days post-tenotomy compared with the control group. This phenomenon was accompanied by overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) as well as hyperactivation of astrocytes and microglia in nociceptive areas of L5 spinal cord as evidenced by intense GFAP and IBA-1 immunostaining, respectively. Biochemical studies also demonstrated increased levels of nitrite in the L5 spinal cord of tenotomized animals compared with the control group. Thus, we have demonstrated for the first time that total rupture of the Achilles tendon induced inflammatory response and nitrergic and glial activation in the CNS in the L5 spinal cord region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12391

Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis ‒ Brazilian Society of Dermatology: an update on phototherapy and systemic therapy using e-Delphi technique
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Orfali, Raquel Leao

; Lorenzini, Daniel

; Bressan, Aline

; Tanaka, Anber Ancel

; Cerqueira, Ana Maria Mósca de

; Hirayama, André da Silva

; Ramos, Andréa Machado Coelho

; Proença, Carolina Contin

; Silva, Claudia Marcia de Resende

; Laczynski, Cristina Marta Maria

; Carneiro, Francisca Regina

; Duarte, Gleison

; Hans Filho, Gunter

; Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá

; Melo, Ligia Pessoa de

; Azulay-Abulafia, Luna

; Weber, Magda Blessmann

; Rivitti-Machado, Maria Cecília

; Zaniboni, Mariana Colombini

; Ogawa, Marília

; Pires, Mario Cezar

; Ianhez, Mayra

; Felix, Paulo Antonio Oldani

; Bonamigo, Renan

; Takaoka, Roberto

; Lazzarini, Rosana

; Cestari, Silmara

; Mayor, Silvia Assumpção Soutto

; Cestari, Tania

; Oliveira, Zilda Najjar Prado de

; Spuls, Phyllis I.

; Gerbens, Louise A.A.

; Aoki, Valeria

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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2023, Volume 98 N. 6 Pages 814 - 836

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This publication is an update of the “Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology” published in 2019, considering the novel, targeted-oriented systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis. The initial recommendations of the current consensus for systemic treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis were based on a recent review of scientific published data and a consensus was reached after voting. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited 31 experts from all regions of Brazil and 2 international experts on atopic dermatitis who fully contributed to the process. The methods included an e-Delphi study to avoid bias, a literature search and a final consensus meeting. The authors added novel approved drugs in Brazil and the indication for phototherapy and systemic therapy for AD. The therapeutical response to systemic treatment is hereby reported in a suitable form for clinical practice and is also part of this updated manuscript.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2023.04.003

Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) feed affects intake, digestibility and nitrogen retention of ovine fed with ryegrass hay (Lolium multiflorum Lam)
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Machado, M.C.

; Corrêa, M.N.

; Kozloski, G.V.

; Oliveira, L.

; Brauner, C.C.

; Barbosa, A.A.

; Cardoso, K.B.

; Del Pino, F.A.B.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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feb 2022, Volume 74 N. 1 Pages 169 - 175

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a viabilidade da inclusão da farinha de batata-doce na ração de ovinos, como estratégia alimentar alternativa ao uso de outras culturas, tradicionalmente utilizadas como suplemento energético. Para isso, foi realizado delineamento em quadrado latino para avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de 0, 0,5, 1 e 1,5% do PV de farinha de batata-doce, para ovinos alimentados duas vezes ao dia com feno de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum) e com acesso a sal mineral e a água ad libitum. Durante o período de estudo, oito machos da raça foram alojados em gaiolas metabólicas com coletores de urina e fezes. Cada rodada do experimento consistiu em 14 dias de adaptação da dieta e cinco dias de coleta, que incluíram consumo, dieta, sobras, fezes, urina, a fim de determinar consumo, digestibilidade e retenção de N. Como reflexo dos níveis crescentes de suplementação, os resultados demonstraram um padrão linear tanto de redução da ingestão do feno de azevém e da FDN quanto de aumento do consumo total de MS e MO. Da mesma forma, foi observado um padrão linear de aumento na digestibilidade da MS, da MO e na digestibilidade verdadeira da MO, assim como de diminuição na digestibilidade da PB (com base na eliminação de N). Conclui-se que a inclusão de farinha de batata-doce na alimentação de ovinos alimentados com feno de azevém é viável e que aumentou a ingestão e a digestibilidade da MS e da MO, embora tenha reduzido a digestibilidade da FDN e da PB.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate sweet potato feed as an alternative energy supplement for ovine. A latin-square design was used to assess the effects of feeding the animals 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% their body weight in sweet potato as well as ryegrass hay (Lolium multiflorum) twice daily, mineral salt and water ad libitum. During this study 8 males were housed in metabolic cages with urine and feces collectors. Each round of experimentation consisted of 14 days adaptation followed by 5 days evaluating the diet, left-overs, feces, and urine to determine intake, digestibility, and nitrogen retention. The results show a linear increase in intake of ryegrass hay, FDN, DM and OM because of the increasing supplementation levels. Similarly, we observed a linear increase in DM and OM intake, as well as in the OM digestibility. Additionally, BP digestibility decreased considering nitrogen excretion. In conclusion, sweet potato feed is a viable alternative for ovine receiving ryegrass hay since it increased DM and OM digestibility, albeit reducing NDF and BP digestibility.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12309

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Human Reproduction: A Changing Perspective
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Delamuta, Luciana C.

; Monteleone, Pedro A.A.

; Ferreira-Filho, Edson S.

; Heinrich-Oliveira, Vanessa

; Soares-Júnior, José Maria

; Baracat, Edmund C.

; Maciel, Gustavo A.R.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3032

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus disease 2019 has had a wide range of effects on human health. This paper summarizes the data related to the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction. Both the male and female reproductive tract express high levels of receptors and proteins needed for viral cell entry. There is presently no evidence that gametes are affected by the infection. Male fertility may be temporarily reduced due to inflammatory responses following infection. The endometrium is highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 cell entry; however, it remains unclear whether this could alter receptivity and embryo implantation. Menstrual cycle changes were reported in women who experienced severe infection; however, they tended to be reversible. For couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment, the pandemic led to a significant psychological burden, with changes in lifestyle that could directly affect the success of the treatment. Human reproduction societies recommend screening all patients prior to cycle initiation and avoiding treatment of women with severe comorbidities until the pandemic is under control. Finally, for pregnant women, it is expected that the infection is more severe in women in the third trimester and in those with comorbidities. Those who are symptomatic for SARS-CoV-2 are more likely to have increased rates of prematurity and intrapartum fetal distress than those who are asymptomatic. Vertical transmission cannot be completely ruled out, but neonatal infection rates are low. Vaccination appears to be safe and is indicated for use in pregnant and lactating women because the benefits outweigh the risks.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3032 214 downloads

In silico, in vitro, and ex vivo studies of the toxicological and pharmacological properties of the flavonoid 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8,4'-trimethoxy
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Sousa, A.P.

; Oliveira, M.S.

; Fernandes, D.A.

; Ferreira, M.D.L.

; Cordeiro, L.V.

; Souza, M.F.V.

; Fernandes, L.M.D.

; Souza, H.D.S.

; Oliveira Filho, A.A.

; Pessoa, H.L.F.

; Sá, R.C.S.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2021, Volume 54 N. 10 elocation e11203

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Phytochemical studies of the species Pavonia glazioviana were performed. Quercetin, kaempferol, acacetin, and trimethoxylated flavonoid compounds (which present biological activity) were isolated. We aimed to evaluate the in silico, in vitro, and ex vivo toxicity of flavonoid 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8,4'-trimethoxy (Pg-1) obtained from P. glazioviana through chemical structure analyses, toxicity assessment, and predictive bioactive properties, using human samples in in vitro tests. In silico analysis suggested that Pg-1 presents a good absorption index for penetrating biological membranes (for oral bioavailability), while also suggesting potential antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hemorrhagic, and apoptosis agonist bioactivities. Assessment of hemolytic and genotoxic effects revealed low hemolysis rates in red blood cells with no cellular toxicity in oral mucosa cells. The reduced cytotoxic activity suggested the safety of the concentrations used (500-1000 µg/mL), and demonstrated the varied interactions of Pg-1 with the analyzed cells. The data obtained in the present study suggested potential therapeutic application, and the non-toxic profile indicated viability for future studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2021e11203 91 downloads

α,β-Amyrin prevents steatosis and insulin resistance in a high-fat diet-induced mouse model of NAFLD via the AMPK-mTORC1-SREBP1 signaling mechanism
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Lima, R.P. de

; Nunes, P.I.G.

; Viana, A.F.S.C.

; Oliveira, F.T.B. de

; Silva, R.A.C.

; Alves, A.P.N.N.

; Viana, D.A.

; Fonseca, S.G.C.

; Carvalho, A.A.

; Chaves, M.H.

; Rao, V.S.

; Santos, F.A.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2021, Volume 54 N. 10 elocation e11391

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatosteatosis and steatohepatitis, is intrinsically related to obesity. Our previous study reported on the anti-obese activity of α,β-amyrin (AMY), a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Protium heptaphyllum. This study investigated its ability to prevent fatty liver and the underlying mechanism using the mouse model of NAFLD. NAFLD was induced in male Swiss mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks. The controls were fed a normal chow diet (ND). The mice were simultaneously treated with AMY at 10 and 20 mg/kg or fenofibrate at 50 mg/kg. Lipid levels along with metabolic and inflammatory parameters were assessed in liver and serum. The liver sections were histologically examined using H&E staining. RT-qPCR and western blotting assays were performed to analyze signaling mechanisms. Mice fed HFD developed severe hepatic steatosis with elevated triglycerides and lipid droplets compared with ND controls. This was associated with a decrease in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, an increase of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, and enhanced sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) expression, which have roles in lipogenesis, inhibition of lipolysis, and inflammatory response. AMY treatment reversed these signaling activities and decreased the severity of hepatic steatosis and inflammatory response, evidenced by serum and liver parameters as well as histological findings. AMY-induced reduction in hepatic steatosis seemed to involve AMPK-mTORC1-SREBP1 signaling pathways, which supported its beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2021e11391 194 downloads

10.

Identification of Listeria monocytogenes in cattle meat using biochemical methods and amplification of the hemolysin gene
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SILVA, ALESSANDRA S.

; DUARTE, ELIZABETH A.A.

; OLIVEIRA, THIAGO A.S. DE

; EVANGELISTA-BARRETO, NORMA S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 elocation e20180557

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In Brazil and in other countries of the world, studies have been conducted to identify Listeria monocytogenes in cattle meat that is preferably consumed undercooked and, when marketed without meeting strict phytosanitary requirements, may cause outbreaks of listeriosis. In the such, foodborne outbreaks, the methods used for the detection of the pathogen and the efficiency associated with them are crucial for the proper assessment. In this study, we used the techniques biochemical and molecular for identification of the L. monocytogenes isolated from 30 samples of the fresh beef, marketed in ten butchers’ shop of the free-fair from a municipality from the Bahia, Brazil. The results obtained from biochemical tests (catalase, motility, β-hemolysis and carbohydrate fermentation), as well as PCR analysis for the hly gene (hemolysin production is an important factor in the pathogenesis of listeriosis) revealed that 50% of butchers shops presented bovine meat contaminated with bacteria of the Listeria sp. and confirmed that 54.16% of the analyzed meat samples were positive for L. monocytogenes. This study highlights the importance of microbiological surveillance in free-fair to minimize the exposure of consumers to this foodborne pathogen.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180557 1328 downloads

11.

Fatores de risco associados à infecção viral (BoHV-1 e BVDV) em rebanhos leiteiros mestiços com problemas reprodutivos, no município de Uberlândia, MG
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Barbosa, V.M.

; Gondim, C.C.

; Nasciutti, N.R.

; Oliveira, P.M.

; Alfieri, A.A.

; Fritzen, J.T.T.

; Headley, S.A.

; Saut, A.M.

; Berssaneti, F.T.

; Saut, J.P.E.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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aug 2019, Volume 71 N. 4 Pages 1243 - 1250

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Com frequência, infecções virais são associadas a problemas da reprodução em rebanhos de bovinos de corte e leite de todo o mundo. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar variáveis de manejo que possam constituir fatores de risco da infecção por BoHV-1 e/ou por BVDV em rebanhos leiteiros com histórico de problemas da reprodução em vacas mestiças em manejo extensivo e sem histórico de vacinação prévia para o controle de IBR e BVD. Anticorpos neutralizantes anti-BoHV-1, anti-BVDV e para ambos os vírus simultaneamente foram identificados em 62,5% (165/264), 45,1% (119/264) e 31,4% (83/264), respectivamente, das amostras analisadas. Os fatores de risco associados à infecção por BoHV-1 foram rebanhos com número total de fêmeas superior a 100, presença de ordenha mecânica, não utilização de inseminação artificial na reprodução e a compra infrequente de animais. Para BVDV, os fatores de risco foram aptidão mista (leite/corte) do rebanho, presença de ordenha mecânica, ausência de quarentena para os animais recém-adquiridos, presença de piquete de parição e a não utilização de inseminação artificial. Para a infecção simultânea (BoHV-1/BVDV), a presença de ordenha mecânica aumentou o risco em 3,36 vezes, e o uso de inseminação artificial reduziu em 56% o risco de infecção nos rebanhos avaliados.

ABSTRACT Viral infections are frequently associated with reproductive problems in dairy and beef cattle worldwide. The aim of this study was to verify managerial practices that may constitute risk factors associated with infection by BoHV-1 and/or BVDV in dairy herds with a history of reproductive disease in extensively reared dairy cows without a previous history of vaccination against IBR and BVD. Neutralizing antibodies anti-BoHV-1, anti-BVDV or both were detected in 62.5% (165/264), 45.1% (119/264), and 31.4% (83/264), respectively, in the samples analyzed. The risk factors associated with infection by BoHV-1 were herds with more than 100 cows, the presence of mechanical milking, the non-utilization of artificial insemination, and the infrequent acquisition of animals. Risk factors associated with BVDV were dual-purpose herds (milk and beef), these include the utilization of mechanical milking, absence of quarantine for newly acquired animals, the presence of picket calving, and the absence of artificial insemination. For simultaneous infections by both viruses (BoHV-1 and BVDV) the use of mechanical milking increased the chance of infection 3.36-fold while the use of artificial insemination reduced the risk of infection by 56% in these herds.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10326 1096 downloads

12.

Produção de forragem e potencial de utilização do capim faixa-branca submetido a frequências de desfolhação
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Rizato, C.A.

; Gusmão Filho, J.D.

; Sousa, B.M.L.

; Fagundes, J.L.

; Backes, A.A.

; Oliveira Júnior, L.F.G.

; Nunes, T.E.S.

; Gomes, M.F.

; Boas, R.T.V.

; Santos Filho, J.R.

; Nascimento, C.S.

; Cruz, N.T.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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apr 2019, Volume 71 N. 2 Pages 613 - 622

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de forragem e o potencial de utilização do capim faixa-branca submetido a frequências de desfolhação. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro frequências de desfolhação: muito alta (25cm), alta (35cm), média (45cm) e baixa (55cm), avaliados em duas épocas do ano (maior e menor insolação), entre 2015 e 2016. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e medidas repetidas no tempo. A produção diária de folhas foi menor na frequência muito alta em relação às outras frequências. A redução das frequências de desfolhação aumentou a produção diária de colmo, senescência diária de folhas, produção total diária e acúmulo líquido diário de forragem e diminuiu o potencial de utilização da forragem. No período de maior insolação, a produção diária de colmos, o acúmulo líquido diário de forragem e o potencial de utilização de forragem foram maiores e a senescência diária de folhas foi menor. A frequência de desfolhação muito alta não proporcionou um bom desenvolvimento da planta, enquanto a frequência baixa apresentou elevada produção de colmos. As frequências de desfolhação alta e média são mais indicadas para a desfolhação do capim faixa-branca, promovendo uma melhor proporção de folhas em relação a colmos.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of forage and the potential of utilization of digit grass subjected to four defoliation frequencies: very high (25cm), high (35cm), medium (45cm), and low (55cm), evaluated at two times of the year (higher and lower insolation), from January 2015 to January 2016. A randomized-block design with four replicates was adopted and measures repeated over time. The daily production of leaves was lower at the very high frequency in relation to the other frequencies. The reduction in defoliation frequency increased the daily production of stems, the daily leaf senescence, the total daily forage production, and the daily forage accumulation, and decreased the potential of forage utilization. At the time of higher insolation, the daily production of stems, the daily forage accumulation, the potential of utilization of forage were higher, and the daily leaf senescence was lower. The very high frequency of defoliation did not provide a good development of the plan, while the lower frequency displayed a high production of stems. The high and medium frequencies of defoliation are more indicated to the defoliation of digit grass, enabling a better proportion of leaves in relation to stems.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10302 1229 downloads

13.

Características físicas e microbiológicas de compostagem de resíduos animais
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Souza, H.A.

; Oliveira, E.L.

; Faccioli-Martins, P.Y.

; Santiago, L.

; Primo, A.A.

; Melo, M.D.

; Pereira, G.A.C.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

Journal Metrics
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feb 2019, Volume 71 N. 1 Pages 291 - 302

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho caracterizar o processo de compostagem de fluxo contínuo e aeração passiva de resíduos da produção e abate da caprino-ovinocultura e de seu composto orgânico gerado. O processo de compostagem utilizou resíduos sólidos provenientes da produção e do abate de caprinos e ovinos e foi realizado em galpão de alvenaria. Os resíduos agropecuários utilizados incluíram sobras de capim-elefante triturado seco, poda de árvores, esterco e carcaça de caprinos e ovinos. Os tratamentos empregados foram três níveis de umidade aplicados nas leiras de compostagem (30, 50 e 70% com base no peso da carcaça dos animais) e épocas do ano de montagem (período seco, transição e úmido) com base na precipitação, com três repetições. As variáveis avaliadas foram atributos químicos, físicos, microbiológicos e parasitológicos do composto e sua comparação com a legislação vigente. O composto orgânico gerado atende as especificações das legislações utilizadas para comparação. Independentemente da época do ano ou da umidade aplicada, o processo de compostagem foi eficiente em reduzir passivos ambientais, como carcaças. A compostagem promoveu a eliminação dos patógenos avaliados, indicando que o composto não oferece risco de transmissão e pode ser utilizado de forma segura.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study to characterize the process of continuous flow of composting and passive aeration of waste production and slaughter the goat and sheep industry and its generated organic compound. The composting process, performed in a brick barn, used solid residues (manure and carcass parts) from the slaughter of goats and sheep along with chopped dry elephant grass and tree trimmings. The treatments employed three moisture levels in the piles and four collections of samples from the piles at timed intervals (0, 30, 60 and 120 days), with three repetitions. The variables evaluated were the chemical and physical attributes of the compost generated. The treatments were three moisture levels applied in compost piles (30, 50 and 70% based on the housing of animals) and assembly times of the year (dry, transitional and humid) based on rainfall, with three replications. The variables were chemical, physical, microbiological and parasitological of the compound and its comparison with current legislation. The generated organic compound meets the specifications of the laws used for comparison. Regardless of the time of year or moisture applied, the composting process was effective in reducing environmental liabilities as carcasses. Composting promoted elimination of this pathogen, indicating that the compound can be used safely.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9735 2603 downloads

14.

Local treatment with ascorbic acid accelerates recovery of post-sutured Achilles tendon in male Wistar rats
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Souza, M.

; Moraes, S.A.S.

; de Paula, D.R.

; Maciel, A.A.

; Batista, E.J.O.

; Silva, D.G.F.

; Bahia, C.P.

; Oliveira, K.R.H.M.

; Herculano, A.M.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2019, Volume 52 N. 9 elocation e8290

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Tendon rupture is a very frequent accident involving average people and high-performance athletes. Clinical studies describe tendon recovery as a painful and slow process involving different biochemical and histological events. Ascorbic acid (AA) is a potent antioxidant as well as an important cofactor for collagen synthesis. In the current study, we evaluated if local treatment with AA is able to promote tendon repair in tenotomized rats. Animals were submitted to Achilles tendon rupture followed by surgical suture. Control and AA groups received in loco injection of saline solution (0.9% NaCl) and 30 mM AA, respectively. Histological and functional recovery of Achilles tendon tissue was evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days post-surgery. Hematoxylin/eosin staining and collagen fluorescence analysis showed intense disarrangement of tendon tissue in the saline group. Tenotomized animals also showed hypercellularity in tendon tissue compared with non-tenotomized animals. The Achilles functional index (AFI) showed a significant decrease of tendon functionality in tenotomized animals at 7, 14, and 21 days post-surgery. AA accelerated tissue organization and the recovery of function of the Achilles tendons. The beneficial effect of AA treatment was also observed in the organization of the collagen network. Data presented in the current work showed that in loco treatment with AA accelerated the recovery of injured Achilles tendon post-surgery.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20198290 986 downloads

15.

Phytochemical Profile of Pasture Weeds from the Brazilian Cerrado
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RODRIGUES, D.A.

; PEREIRA, G.A.M.

; SILVA, A.A.

; SANTOS, M.H.

; DEMUNER, A.J.

; OLIVEIRA, P.M.

Planta Daninha

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2019, Volume 37 elocation e019181108

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A grande diversidade de espécies vegetais nas pastagens do cerrado brasileiro com características ecofisilógicas diferenciadas indica a possibilidade de encontrar no conteúdo celular dessa flora compostos químicos com potencial para uso na agricultura, saúde humana e animal. Para comprovação dessa hipótese, serão necessárias três etapas: a prospecção fitoquímica, a caracterização dos metabólitos secundários e os estudos sobre as atividades biológicas desses metabólitos presentes nessas plantas. Nesta pesquisa foi traçado o perfil químico dos metabólitos secundários presentes em cinco espécies do cerrado brasileiro (Davilla elliptica, Remijia ferrugínea, Luehea paniculata, Anacardium occidentale e Acosmium dasycarpum). A coleta das plantas foi realizada em áreas de pastagem do município de Felício dos Santos, Minas Gerais. As amostras foram secas e submetidas a dois tipos de extrato (etanólico e hexânico). Empregando reações químicas específicas, constatou-se nos extratos hexânicos a presença de cumarinas, triterpenos/esteroides, e antracenosídeos e, nos extratos etanólicos, de alcaloides, triterpenos/esteroides, flavonoides, taninos, compostos redutores e antocianinas. As espécies apresentaram diversificadas classes de compostos. Entretanto, em todas as espécies foram encontrados triterpenos/esteroides, taninos, compostos redutores e antocianinas, sendo o emprego do solvente etanol o mais eficiente na extração dos compostos. A espécie D. elliptica foi a que apresentou o maior número de classes de compostos. Considerando a sua ampla aplicação na medicina popular, justificam-se novos estudos sobre atividade biológica dos diferentes metabólitos nas áreas agrícola e da saúde.

ABSTRACT: The great diversity of plant species in pastures of the Brazilian Cerrado with distinct ecophysiological characteristics indicates the possibility of finding, in the cellular content of this flora, chemical compounds with potential for use in agriculture and human and animal health. Three steps are necessary to prove this hypothesis: phytochemical prospecting, characterization of secondary metabolites, and studies on the biological activities of these metabolites present in these plants. The chemical profile of secondary metabolites present in five species of the Brazilian Cerrado (Davilla elliptica, Remijia ferruginea, Luehea paniculata, Anacardium occidentale, and Acosmium dasycarpum) was traced in this research. These plant species were collected in pasture areas of Felício dos Santos, Minas Gerais. The samples were dried and submitted to two types of extract (ethanolic and hexanic). By using specific chemical reactions, the presence of coumarins, triterpenes/steroids, and anthracenosides was observed in the hexanic extracts, while the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes/steroids, flavonoids, tannins, reducing compounds, and anthocyanins was observed in the ethanolic extracts. The species presented diverse classes of compounds. However, triterpenes/steroids, tannins, reducing compounds and anthocyanins were found in all species, being the use of the solvent ethanol the most efficient in extracting the compounds. The species D. elliptica presented the highest number of classes of compounds. The widespread application in folk medicine justifies further studies on the biological activity of different metabolites in agriculture and health areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100028 1636 downloads

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