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Constituintes químicos isolados dos galhos e cascas de amapazeiro (Parahancornia amapa, Apocynaceae)
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Henrique, Marycleuma Campos

; Nunomura, Rita de Cássia Saraiva

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Silva, Suniá Gomes

Acta Amazonica

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dec 2014, Volume 44 N. 4 Pages 533 - 538

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Parahancornia amapa (Apocynaceae) é típica da região amazônica e conhecida popularmente como amapazeiro e muito utilizada na medicina popular da região Amazônica. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o estudo fitoquímico dos galhos e cascas dessa espécie. Do extrato diclorometânico dos galhos foram isolados o β-sitosterol, estigmasterol, além de triterpenóides pentacíclicos, α-amirina, β-amirina, lupeol e friedelina. Do extrato metanólico das cascas foi isolado o alcaloide indólico isositsiriquina. As estruturas desses compostos foram identificadas por análise dos espectros de massa de alta resolução, Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de ¹H e 13C e comparações com dados da literatura. Esse é o primeiro relato de isolamento de alcaloide neste gênero.

Parahancornia amapa (Apocynaceae) is typical of the Amazon region and popularly known as amapazeiro and widely used in folk medicine in the Amazon region. The objective of this work was to study the phytochemical composition of twigs and barks of this species. From the dichloromethane extract of twigs were isolated β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and pentacyclic triterpenoids α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupeol and friedelin. From the methanol extract of barks was isolated indole alkaloid isositsiriquina. The structures of these compounds were identified by analysis of the mass spectra high-resolution, ¹H and 13C NMR and comparisons with literature data. This is the first report of isolation of alkaloid in this genus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201305233 2712 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

In vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity of extracts, fractions and a substance isolated from the Amazonian plant Tachia grandiflora (Gentianaceae)
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Silva, Luiz Francisco Rocha e

; Lima, Emerson Silva

; Vasconcellos, Marne Carvalho de

; Aranha, Ellen Suzany Pereira

; Costa, David Siqueira

; Mustafa, Elba Vieira

; Morais, Sabrina Kelly Reis de

; Alecrim, Maria das Gracas Costa

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Struwe, Lena

; Andrade-Neto, Valter Ferreira de

; Pohlit, Adrian Martin

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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jun 2013, Volume 108 N. 4 Pages 501 - 507

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Tachia sp. are used as antimalarials in the Amazon Region and in vivo antimalarial activity of a Tachia sp. has been previously reported. Tachia grandiflora Maguire and Weaver is an Amazonian antimalarial plant and herein its cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity were investigated. Spectral analysis of the tetraoxygenated xanthone decussatin and the iridoid aglyone amplexine isolated, respectively, from the chloroform fractions of root methanol and leaf ethanol extracts was performed. In vitro inhibition of the growth of Plasmodium falciparum Welch was evaluated using optical microscopy on blood smears. Crude extracts of leaves and roots were inactive in vitro. However, chloroform fractions of the root and leaf extracts [half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 10.5 and 35.8 µg/mL, respectively] and amplexine (IC50= 7.1 µg/mL) were active in vitro. Extracts and fractions were not toxic to type MRC-5 human fibroblasts (IC50> 50 µg/mL). Water extracts of the roots of T. grandiflora administered by mouth were the most active extracts in the Peters 4-day suppression test in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. At 500 mg/kg/day, these extracts exhibited 45-59% inhibition five to seven days after infection. T. grandiflora infusions, fractions and isolated substance have potential as antimalarials.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762013000400017 3041 downloads

Constituintes fenólicos e atividade antioxidante da geoprópolis de duas espécies de abelhas sem ferrão amazônicas
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Silva, Ellen Cristina Costa da

; Muniz, Magno Perêa

; Nunomura, Rita de Cássia Saraiva

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Zilse, Gislene Almeida Carvalho

Química Nova

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2013, Volume 36 N. 5 Pages 628 - 633

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

We investigated the phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity of geopropolis from two species of stingless Amazonian bees, Melipona interrupta and Melipona seminigra. The chemical investigation of geopropolis from Melipona interrupta led to the isolation of 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavonone, 3,5,6,7,4'-pentahydroxyflavonol, naringenine-4'-O-b-D-glucopyranoside and myricetin-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside. Their structures were assigned based on spectroscopic analyses, including two-dimensional NMR techniques. Antioxidant activity of methanol and ethanol extracts of M. interrupta and M. seminigra were measured using the 1,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. This is also the first work reporting the chemical investigation of stingless bee species from the Amazonian region.

6079 downloads

Limonoides isolados dos frutos de Carapa guianensis Aublet (Meliaceae)
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Silva, Suniá Gomes

; Nunomura, Rita de Cássia Saraiva

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

Química Nova

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2012, Volume 35 N. 10 Pages 1936 - 1939

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Six limonoids were isolated in hexane extract obtained from the seeds and pericarps of Carapa guianensis. The structures of the limonoids were determined based on the analysis of High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (uni-and bi-dimensional experiments) data. This is the first report of isolation of the limonoid 6α-acetoxy-7-deacetilgedunin from the seeds of the C. guianensis species. The limonoid 6-hydroxy-methyl angolensate was also described for the first time in this species.

4473 downloads

Constituintes químicos dos galhos de Simaba guianensis subesp. ecaudata (Cronquist)
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Nunomura, Rita de Cássia Saraiva

; Pinto, Angelo C.

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Pohlit, Adrian Martin

; Amaral, Ana Cláudia Fernandes

Química Nova

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2012, Volume 35 N. 11 Pages 2153 - 2158

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Simaba guianensis subesp. ecaudata (Simaroubaceae) is a tree found in the Brazilian Amazon. This work describes for the first time the fractionation of stems of this species that resulted in the isolation of the cytotoxic triterpene piscidinol A, the alkaloid 9-methoxycanthin-6-one, caryophyllene oxide, also isolated for the first time from this species and a new alkaloid (6-methoxy-(9H-β-carbolin-1-il)-(Z)-2-propenoic acid). Quantification of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one in different extracts and fractions of stems of S. guianensis by high performance liquid chromatography was also performed. The concentration of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one in methanolic and aqueous extracts were inferior to the known cytotoxic concentration of this compound.

2034 downloads

Aromatic compounds from three Brazilian Lauraceae species
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Batista, Andrea Nastri de Luca

; Batista Junior, João Marcos

; López, Silvia Noelí

; Furlan, Maysa

; Cavalheiro, Alberto José

; Silva, Dulce Helena Siqueira

; Bolzani, Vanderlan da Silva

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Yoshida, Massayoshi

Química Nova

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2010, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 321 - 323

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Phytochemical investigations on three Brazilian Lauraceae species from the Cerrado region of São Paulo State, Ocotea corymbosa (Meins) Mez., O. elegans Mez. and Persea pyrifolia Nees & Mart. ex Nees resulted in the isolation of flavonoids, an ester of the 4-O-E-caffeoylquinic acid, an aromatic sesquiterpene besides furofuran lignans. This is the first chemical study on the leaves of Ocotea elegans and O. corymbosa as well as the first report of non-volatile compounds from Persea pyrifolia.

4562 downloads

Alcaloides indólicos de cascas de Aspidosperma vargasii e A. desmanthum
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Henrique, Marycleuma Campos

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Pohlit, Adrian Martin

Química Nova

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2010, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 284 - 287

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Fractionation of extracts resulted in isolation and identification of indole alkaloids ellipticine and N-methyltetrahydroellipticine from A. vargasii and aspidocarpine from A. desmanthum. Identification of these compounds was achieved based on IR, MS, ¹H, 13C and 2-D NMR data and comparison to data in the literature.

4927 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Biological activities of lignoids from Amazon Myristicaceae species: Virola michelii, V. mollissima, V. pavonis and Iryanthera juruensis
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Morais, Sabrina K. R.

; Teixeira, Ana F.

; Torres, Zelina E. dos S.

; Nunomura, Sergio M.

; Yamashiro-Kanashiro, Edite H.

; Lindoso, José Angelo L.

; Yoshida, Massayoshi

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2009, Volume 20 N. 6 Pages 1110 - 1118

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O trabalho consiste na re-investigação dos frutos de Iryanthera juruensis e Virola pavonis e das folhas de V. michelii, bem como no estudo dos frutos de V. mollissima. A partir de I. juruensis foram isoladas uma neolignana ariltetralínica (1) e uma neolignana tetraidrofurânica (2), enquanto que de Virola pavonis foram isoladas neolignanas benzofurânicas (6-9), tetraidrofurânicas (2, 11-13, 17), bifenílica (10), diastereoisômeros de uma hidróxi-neolignana 8.O.4'(14-15) e outras. V. mollissima acumula a neolignana ariltetralônica 4 ou o seu derivado seco (5). As folhas de V. michelii apresentaram a ocorrência de lignanas furofurânicas (18-19). Os lignóides 1 e 2 obtidos dos arilos de I. juruensis apresentaram atividade leishmanicida contra a forma promastigota de Leishmania amazonensis.

This work revisits the fruits of Iryanthera juruensis and Virola pavonis and the leaves from V. michelii, as well as describing a study of the fruits of V. mollissima. In I. juruensis aryltetraline neolignan (1) and tetrahydrofuran neolignan (2), were found while from V. pavonis neolignans of benzofuran type (6-9), the tetrahydrofuran type (2, 11-13, 17) and the biphenyl type (10), in addition to diastereoisomers of the 8.O.4'-oxyneolignan type (14 and 15) and others were isolated. The V. mollissima accumulates the aryltetralone neolignan 4 and its seco derivative (5). The lignoids 1 and 2 obtained from I. juruensis arils possess antileishmanial activity against the promastigote form of Leishmania amazonensis.

2587 downloads

Aproveitamento do Óleo das Amêndoas de Tucumã do Amazonas na Produção de Biodiesel
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Barbosa, Banny Silva

; Koolen, Hector Henrique Ferreira

; Barreto, Andreza Cruz

; Silva, João Domingos da

; Figliuolo, Roberto

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

Acta Amazonica

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2009, Volume 39 N. 2 Pages 371 - 376

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A falta de disponibilidade de energia elétrica é um dos principais motivos pelo baixo Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano das comunidades isoladas localizadas na Amazônia. O biodiesel produzido a partir de óleos vegetais extraídos de espécies oleaginosas nativas de forma sustentada é uma das melhores alternativas energéticas para a região. O tucumã do amazonas, Astrocaryum aculeatum, é uma espécie de palmeira que produz um fruto muito apreciado na região, a partir do qual se obtém uma amêndoa com alto teor de óleo. Nesse estudo, foi avaliada a produção de biodiesel etílico, a partir de diferentes lotes de óleos de tucumã do amazonas, com índices de acidez baixos e elevados, pela transesterificação por catálise básica e ácida homogêneas, respectivamente. Na catálise ácida, foram testados HCl e H2SO4 como catalisadores nas concentrações de 0,0625 a 1,000 M, empregando etanol hidratado na proporção molar de 1:6 e a reação conduzida a 90 ºC por 24 h. Na catálise básica, foram testados NaOH e KOH, nas proporções de 0,5 a 2,0 %, empregando etanol anidro na proporção molar de 1:12 e a reação conduzida a 80 ºC por 2 h. O biodiesel obtido em cada experimento foi analisado por métodos físicos (massa específica) e cromatográficos (CLAE em fase reversa). Análises cromatográficas indicaram que as melhores conversões foram alcançadas por amostras de biodiesel com massas específicas inferiores a 0,87 g.cm-1. As amostras de biodiesel obtidas com melhor qualidade foram obtidas utilizando-se os catalisadores ácidos a 1,0 M com rendimentos superiores a 90%. No caso da catálise básica, obteve-se biodiesel de boa qualidade empregando-se o catalisador NaOH a 2,0%, porém com rendimento inferior a 60 %. Contudo, em ambos os casos, foi possível identificar um excelente potencial de produção de biocombustível, a partir do óleo das amêndoas de tucumã.

The shortage of electricity is a major reason for the low Human Development Index of isolated communities located in the Amazon basin. The biodiesel produced from vegetable oils extracted from oil seeds native species, in a sustainable way, is one of the best alternative energy for the region. The “tucumã of amazonas”, Astrocaryum aculeatum, is an Amazon palm tree that produces a much appreciated fruit in the region, from which it obtains kernels that have high content in oil. In this study, we evaluated the production of ethyl biodiesel, from different batches of oil obtained from “tucumã of amazonas” kernels with high and low acidity by the transesterification process acidic and basic catalysis, respectively. Different acid catalysts (HCl and H2SO4) and concentrations of each acid (from 0.0625 to 1.000 M) were tested, with ethanol at molar ratio of 1:6 at 90º C for 24 h. In the basic catalysis, NaOH and KOH were tested at the concentration range of 0.5 to 2.0 % with anhydrous ethanol with molar ratio 1:12 and the reactions took place at 80º C for 2 h. The conversion into biodiesel and its quality was analyzed by means reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and specific gravity. Chromatographic analysis indicated that the best conversions were achieved by samples of biodiesel with lowest specific gravity (0.87 g.cm-1). The samples of biodiesel with best quality were obtained with acid catalysis at 1.0 M with yield above 90 %. In the basic catalysis, it could be obtained biodiesel with good quality with NaOH at 2.0 %, but at lower yields. However in both types of catalysis, it was possible to identify an excellent potential for the production of this important biofuel from tucumã kernel oil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672009000200015 8614 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

10.

Bioactive dihydroxyfuranonaphthoquinones from the bark of Tabebuia incana A.H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) and HPLC analysis of commercial pau d'arco and certified T.incana bark infusions
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Morais, Sabrina Kelly Reis de

; Silva, Suniá Gomes

; Portela, Cíntia Nicácio

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Quignard, Etienne Louis Jacques

; Pohlit, Adrian Martin

Acta Amazonica

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2007, Volume 37 N. 1 Pages 99 - 102

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Tabebuia incana A.H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) é uma árvore da Amazônia brasileira com usos medicinais. É uma de várias espécies de Tabebuia conhecidas como pau d'arco ou palo de arco nesta região. O fracionamento do extrato etanólico das cascas resultou no isolamento da mistura de 5 e 8-hidróxi-2-(1-hidroxietil)nafto[2,3-b]furano-4,9-dionas (1 e 2, respectivamente), identificadas com base em seus espectros de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN), infravermelho (IV) e massa (EM), e cujas atividades antimalárica e antitumoral in vitro foram mostradas previamente. Este é o primeiro estudo das cascas de T. incana e a primeira vez que o composto 2 é descrito nesta espécie. Análises por cromatografia liquida de alto empenho (CLAE) do chá das cascas de T. incana revelaram a presença de um pico correspondente à mistura de 1 + 2, permitindo inferir uma concentração na faixa de 10-6-10-5 M desses componentes no chá. Os cromatogramas de chás (infusões) preparados a partir das cascas de pau d' arco commercial and T. incana certificada também foram estudados. A verficação da presença do pico das substâncias 1 + 2 nos cromatogramas tem potencial contribuição para o controle de qualidade de material vegetal comercial.

Tabebuia incana A.H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) is a tree from the Brazilian Amazon having medicinal uses and is one several Tabebuia spp. known as pau d'arco or palo de arco in this region. Fractionation of the bark ethanolic extract afforded a mixture of 5 and 8-hydroxy-2-(1-hydroxyethyl)naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-diones (1 and 2, respectively) identified on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR) and mass (MS) spectra, whose in vitro antimalarial and antitumor activity have been shown previously. This is the first study on T. incana bark, and 2 are described in this species for the first time. Also, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of T. incana bark tea revealed the presence of the 1 + 2 mixture peak corresponding to a concentration in the range 10-6-10-5 M. The chromatograms of teas prepared from commercial pau d' arco and T. incana bark were also studied and the presence of the 1 + 2 peak has potential for quality control of commercial plant materials.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672007000100011 4188 downloads

11.

Triterpenos e alcalóide tipo cantinona dos galhos de Simaba polyphylla (Cavalcante) W.W. Thomas (Simaroubaceae)
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Saraiva, Rita de Cássia Guedes

; Pinto, Angelo C.

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Pohlit, Adrian Martin

Química Nova

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apr 2006, Volume 29 N. 2 Pages 264 - 268

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Simaba polyphylla is a small tree found in the Amazon region, known by the common names "marupazinho" or "serve para tudo". It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of fevers. This work describes the phytochemical study of the hexane extract and chloroform fraction obtained by partitioning the methanol extract of stems, which led to isolation and identification of the triterpenes niloticin, dyhidroniloticin, taraxerone and of the cytotoxic alkaloid 9-methoxy-canthin-6-one. These compounds are described for the first time in S. polyphylla.

3073 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

12.

In vitro studies of the anthelmintic activity of Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f. (Simaroubaceae)
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Nunomura, Rita de Cássia Saraiva

; Silva, Ellen Cristina Costa da

; Oliveira, Denilson Ferreira

; Garcia, Adriana Mello

; Boeloni, Jankerle Neves

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Pohlit, Adrian Martin

Acta Amazonica

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2006, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 327 - 330

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Na concentração de 1300 ppm (1.3 g / L), extratos aquosos e etanólicos preparados a partir dos caules ou raízes de Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f. apresentaram letalidade (85-90 % de mortalidade) in vitro para Haemonchus contortus, um nematóide parasítico do aparelho gastrointestinal de ruminantes domesticos e silvestres. Neosergeolida e isobruceina B foram isoladas dos caules em rendimentos de 0.0083 and 0.0070 %, respectivamente. Essas últimas e a droga anti-helmíntica levamisole provocaram mortalidade semelhante in vitro (68-77 %) em H. contortus em concentrações semelhantes (81-86 ppm). A atividade anti-helmíntica in vitro de infusões e extratos alcoólicos dos caules, bem como da neosergeolida e isobruceina B isoladas de P. sprucei, foi demonstrada pela primeira vez.

1300 ppm (1.3 g / L), water and ethanol extracts prepared from stems or roots of Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f. were lethal (85-90 % mortality) in vitro to Haemonchus contortus (Barber Pole Worm) larvae, a gastrointestinal nematode parasite found in domestic and wild ruminants. Neosergeolide and isobrucein B were isolated in 0.0083 and 0.0070 % yield from dry, ground P. sprucei stems (0.89 kg). Neosergeolide, isobrucein B and the anthelmintic drug standard levamisole all caused comparable mortality rates (68-77 %) in vitro to H. contortus at similar concentrations (81-86 ppm). The anthelmintic activity of P. sprucei infusions (teas), alcohol extracts, and neosergeolide and isobrucein B, has therefore been demonstrated for the first time.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672006000300006 2607 downloads

13.

Screening of plants found in the State of Amazonas, Brazil for activity against Aedes aegypti larvae
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Pohlit, Adrian Martin

; Quinard, Etienne Louis Jacques

; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi

; Tadei, Wanderli Pedro

; Hidalgo, Ari de Freitas

; Pinto, Ana Cristina da Silva

; Santos, Elba Vieira Mustafa dos

; Morais, Sabrina Kelly Reis de

; Saraiva, Rita De Cássia Guedes

; Ming, Lin Chau

; Alecrim, Alexandre Mascarenhas

; Ferraz, Alfeu de Barros

; Pedroso, Andreza Cristiana da Silva

; Diniz, Elisangela Vieira

; Finney, Ellen Kathryn

; Gomes, Erika de Oliveira

; Dias, Hercules Bezerra

; Souza, Katiuscia dos Santos de

; Oliveira, Laura Cristina Pereira de

; Don, Luciana de Castro

; Queiroz, Maria Mireide Andrade

; Henrique, Marycleuma Campos

; Santos, Mirian dos

; Lacerda Júnior, Orivaldo da Silva

; Pinto, Patrícia de Souza

; Silva, Suniá Gomes

; Graça, Yara Rodrigues

Acta Amazonica

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2004, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 97 - 105

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Extratos aquosos, etanólicos e metanólicos, representando principalmente espécies vegetais nativas encontradas na região Amazônica, foram preparados, respectivamente, por infusão, maceração e extração contínua líquido-sólido, seguida de evaporação e liofilização. Os extratos liofilizados foram testados para atividade contra larvas de Aedes aegypti, na concentração única de 500 mg / mL. Os extratos metanólicos foram, em geral, os que apresentaram maior atividade larvicida. Os seguintes 7 extratos metanólicos das (partes das) espécies vegetais indicadas foram os mais ativos, provocando 100% de mortalidade em larvas de A. aegypti: Tapura amazonica Poepp. (raiz), Piper aduncum L. (folha e raiz), P. tuberculatum Jacq. (folha, fruto e galho) e Simaba polyphylla (Cavalcante) W.W. Thomas (galho).

Ethanol, methanol and water extracts representing mostly native plant species found in the Amazon region were prepared, respectively, by maceration, continuous liquid-solid extraction and infusion, followed by evaporation and freeze-drying. The freeze-dried extracts were tested for lethality toward Aedes aegypti larvae at test concentrations of 500 mg / mL. In general, methanol extracts exhibited the greatest larvicidal activity. The following 7 methanol extracts of (the parts of) the indicated plant species were the most active, resulting in 100% mortality in A. aegypti larvae: Tapura amazonica Poepp. (root), Piper aduncum L. (leaf and root), P. tuberculatum Jacq. (leaf, fruit and branch). and Simaba polyphylla (Cavalcante) W.W. Thomas (branch).

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672004000100012 6700 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

14.

Anatomia Foliar e Caulinar de Picrolemma sprucei Hook (Simaroubaceae)
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SARAIVA, Rita de Cássia Guedes

; BARRETO, Alaide de Sá

; SIANI, Antônio Carlos

; FERREIRA, José Luiz Pinto

; ARAUJO, Renata Bastos de

; NUNOMURA, Sergio Massayoshi

; POHLIT, Adrian Martin

Acta Amazonica

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jun 2003, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 213 - 220

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os estudos anatômicos das folhas e caules de Picrolemma sprucei revelaram que as epidermes das folhas são glabras, apresentam células de paredes onduladas e estômatos anomocíticos. O mesofilo é dorsiventral com uma camada de células em paliçada e um parênquima lacunoso. Os feixes vasculares são bicolaterais e apresentam idioblastos escuros de conteúdo tânico. No caule evidencia-se um parênquima cortical desenvolvido, com células de natureza esclerenquimática, isoladas ou reunidas em pequenos grupos, de paredes espessas. Internamente observa-se a região vascular com vasos xilemáticos isolados ou em grupos imersos em tecido fibroso, sendo o parênquima do tipo paratraqueal, vasicêntrico. Na região central encontra-se uma medula desenvolvida. Testes histoquímicos (sudam III e cloreto férrico) realizados na nervura mediana do terço médio do limbo foliar e no pecíolo revelaram respectivamente, a presença de um conteúdo tânico e óleo-resinoso em algumas de suas células.

Anatomical studies of the leaves and stems of Picrolemma sprucei revealed that the epidermes of the leaves are glabrous, with undulating cell walls and anomocytic stomata. The mesophyll is dorsiventral with a layer of cells in palisade and a spongy parenchyma. The vascular bundles are bicollateral and have a dark tannin containing idioblast. The stem possesses a developed cortical parenchyma with schlerenchymatous thick walled cells. These are either isolated or gathered in small groups. Internally the vascular region exhibits xylematic vessels some isolated and some in groups submerged in fibrous tissue. The stem possesses a paratracheal, vasicentric parenchyma with central pith. Histochemical tests (sudan III and ferric chloride) made on the central section of the midrib and on the petiole showed the presence, respectively, of tannin or oleoresin in some cells.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392200332220 1537 downloads

15.

Screening of plants found in Amazonas State for lethality towards brine shrimp
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QUIGNARD, Etienne Louis Jacques

; POHLIT, Adrian Martin

; NUNOMURA, Sergio Massayoshi

; PINTO, Ana Cristina da Silva

; SANTOS, Elba Vieira Mustafa dos

; MORAIS, Sabrina Kelly Reis de

; ALECRIM, Alexandre Mascarenhas

; PEDROSO, Andreza Cristiana da Silva

; CYRINO, Barbara Rachel Brito

; MELO, Christiane Santana de

; FINNEY, Ellen Kathryn

; GOMES, Erika de Oliveira

; SOUZA, Katiuscia dos Santos de

; OLIVEIRA, Laura Cristina Pereira de

; DON, Luciana de Castro

; SILVA, Luiz Francisco Rocha e

; QUEIROZ, Maria Mireide Andrade

; HENRIQUE, Marycleuma Campos

; SANTOS, Mirian dos

; PINTO, Patrícia de Souza

; SILVA, Suniá Gomes

Acta Amazonica

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mar 2003, Volume 33 N. 1 Pages 93 - 104

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foram testados 226 extratos metanólicos e aquosos de 74 espécies vegetais (a maioria nativas) encontradas no Estado do Amazonas, Brasil, para letalidade às larvas da espécie microcrustácea Artemia franciscana na concentração teste de 500 μg/mL. Várias espécies citotóxicas foram identificadas nesse estudo: Aspidosperma marcgravianum, A. nitidum, Citrus limetta, Croton cajucara, Geissospermum argenteum, Minquartia guianensis, Piper aduncum, P. amapense, P. capitarianum, P. tuberculatum e Protium aracouchini. Os resultados foram analisados levando em consideração as informações populares, quando disponíveis.

226 methanol and water extracts representing 74 mainly native plant species found in Amazonas State, Brazil, were tested at a standard concentration of 500 μg/mL for lethality towards larvae of the brine shrimp species Artemia franciscana. Several cytotoxic plant species were identified in this work: Aspidosperma marcgravianum, A. nitidum, Croton cajucara, Citrus limetta, Geissospermum argenteum, Minquartia guianensis, Piper aduncum, P. amapense, P. capitarianum, P. tuberculatum and Protium aracouchini. The results were analyzed within the context of the available traditional knowledge and uses for these plants.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392200331104 2562 downloads

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