Abstract Introduction Head and neck cancer of unknown primary (HNCUP) is a rare condition whose prognostic factors that are significant for survival vary between studies. No randomized treatment study has been performed thus far, and the optimal treatment is not established. Objective The present study aimed to explore various prognostic factors and compare the two main treatments for HNCUP: neck dissection and (chemo) radiation vs primary (chemo) radiation. Methods A national multicenter study was performed with data from the Swedish Head and Neck Cancer Register (SweHNCR) and from the patients' medical records from 2008 to 2012. Results Two-hundred and sixty HNCUP patients were included. The tumors were HPV-positive in 80%. The overall 5-year survival rate of patients treated with curative intent was 71%. Age (p< 0.001), performance status (p= 0.036), and N stage (p= 0.046) were significant factors for overall survival according to the multivariable analysis. Treatment with neck dissection and (chemo) radiation (122 patients) gave an overall 5-year survival of 73%, and treatment with primary (chemo) radiation (87 patients) gave an overall 5-year survival of 71%, with no significant difference in overall or disease-free survival between the 2 groups. Conclusions Age, performance status, and N stage were significant prognostic factors. Treatment with neck dissection and (chemo) radiation and primary (chemo) radiation gave similar survival outcomes. A randomized treatment study that includes quality of life is needed to establish the optimal treatment.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of acute toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: A total of 2673 asymptomatic pregnant women were included during 2007. IgM anti T. gondii was detected by indirect immunofluorescence, positive samples were confirmed by ELISA. Results: 11 (0,41%) pregnant women were IgM positive with titers of at least 1:16. Conclusions: Prevalence of acute toxoplasmosis among asymptomatic pregnant women in the city of Rio de Janeiro is low, lower that the overall prevalence in Brazil.

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de toxoplasmosis aguda en mujeres embarazadas en la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 2 673 mujeres embarazadas, asintomáticas para toxoplasmosis, durante el 2007. Se determinó IgM anti T. gondii en suero mediante inmunofluorescencia indirecta como diagnóstico de sensibilidad y la confirmación de los casos positivos por medio de ELISA. Se determinó el coeficiente de prevalencia. Resultados: Once (0,41%) tenían anticuerpos IgM anti-Toxoplasma gondii, con títulos iguales o mayores a 1:16. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de toxoplasmosis aguda en gestantes asintomáticas de la ciudad del Rio de Janeiro es baja, menor del promedio nacional de Brasil.

Rotavirus infection is the leading cause of acute diarrhea worldwide. It is estimated that this infection is responsible for approximately 138 million cases of acute diarrhea and 44 000 deaths per year in children less than five years of age. Objectives: To determine the frequency of rotavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis treated in health services in the Baixada Fluminense region. Methods: Between January 2009 and April 2010, 1067 fecal samples from children under five years of age with gastroenteritis were collected. We used the immune chromatographic technique to detect rotavirus antigens (Rotavirus Latex Test Strip Bioeasy). Results: 21.3 % of children tested had rotavirus antigen in stool samples. No differences were found between boys and girls. Conclusions: The incidence of rotavirus in the Baixada Fluminense region is at an average level compared to similar populations in Latin America.

La infección por rotavirus es la principal causa de diarrea aguda en el mundo. Se estima que esta infección es responsable de aproximadamente 138 millones de casos de diarrea aguda y de 44 mil muertes al año en niños con edad menor de cinco años. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de rotavirosis en niños con gastroenteritis atendidos en los servicios de salud de la región de la Baixada Fluminense. Material y métodos: Entre enero de 2009 y abril de 2010 se colectaron muestras fecales de 1067 niños menores de cinco años afectados de gastroenteritis. Se utilizó la técnica de reacción inmunocromatográfica para detectar antígenos de rotavirus (Rotavirus Tira Látex Test Bioeasy). Resultados: El 21,3% de los niños examinados tuvieron antígenos de rotavirus en las muestras fecales. No se encontró diferencias entre niños y niñas. Conclusiones: La incidencia de rotavirosis en la región de la Baixada Fluminense se encuentra en un nivel medio en comparación con poblaciones semejantes en países de Latinoamérica.

A prevalência e a manifestação das formas clinicas de Trypanosoma cruzi foram avaliadas em candidatos a doadores de sangue atendidos em um hospital geral de Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, no período de janeiro de 1997 a abril de 1999. A pesquisa sorológica foi realizada por meio do teste de hemaglutinação indireta e confirmada pelo ELISA. Os dados foram coletados considerando os exames clínicos, eletrocardiograma convencional, radiografia de tórax e ecocardiografia. Os resultados demonstraram que, apesar da prevalência ser de 1,17% (128 pacientes), principalmente entre homens com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos, 70,8%, principalmente de homens entre 19 e 39 anos, demonstraram alterações que permitiram o diagnóstico de cardiopatias e/ou esofagopatias, ratificando mais uma vez sua importância nos centros urbanos.

The prevalence and clinical forms of Trypanosoma cruzi were evaluated among blood donor candidates attended at a general hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from January 1997 to April 1999. The investigation was done by means of the indirect hemagglutination test and was confirmed via ELISA. Data were collected from clinical examinations, conventional electrocardiogram, chest radiography and echocar-diography. The results showed that despite Trypanosoma cruzi prevalence of 1.17% (128 patients), mainly in males aged 40 years or over, 70.8% of these patients, mainly males aged 19 to 39 years, demonstrated abnormalities that allowed the diagnosis of cardiopathy and/or esophagopathy. This once again corroborates the importance of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in urban centers.

A prevalência e a manifestação das formas clinicas de Trypanosoma cruzi foram avaliadas em candidatos a doadores de sangue atendidos em um hospital geral de Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, no período de janeiro de 1997 a abril de 1999. A pesquisa sorológica foi realizada por meio do teste de hemaglutinação indireta e confirmada pelo ELISA. Os dados foram coletados considerando os exames clínicos, eletrocardiograma convencional, radiografia de tórax e ecocardiografia. Os resultados demonstraram que, apesar da prevalência ser de 1,17% (128 pacientes), principalmente entre homens com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos, 70,8%, principalmente de homens entre 19 e 39 anos, demonstraram alterações que permitiram o diagnóstico de cardiopatias e/ou esofagopatias, ratificando mais uma vez sua importância nos centros urbanos.

The prevalence and clinical forms of Trypanosoma cruzi were evaluated among blood donor candidates attended at a general hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from January 1997 to April 1999. The investigation was done by means of the indirect hemagglutination test and was confirmed via ELISA. Data were collected from clinical examinations, conventional electrocardiogram, chest radiography and echocar-diography. The results showed that despite Trypanosoma cruzi prevalence of 1.17% (128 patients), mainly in males aged 40 years or over, 70.8% of these patients, mainly males aged 19 to 39 years, demonstrated abnormalities that allowed the diagnosis of cardiopathy and/or esophagopathy. This once again corroborates the importance of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in urban centers.