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Abstract Background Major advances have been seen in techniques and devices for performing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) for chronic total occlusions (CTOs), but there are limited real-world practice data from developing countries. Objectives To report clinical and angiographic characteristics, procedural aspects, and clinical outcomes of CTO PCI performed at dedicated centers in Brazil. Methods Included patients underwent CTO PCI at centers participating in the LATAM CTO Registry, a Latin American multicenter registry dedicated to prospective collection of these data. Inclusion criteria were procedures performed in Brazil, age 18 years or over, and presence of CTO with PCI attempt. CTO was defined as a 100% lesion in an epicardial coronary artery, known or estimated to have lasted at least 3 months. Results Data on 1196 CTO PCIs were included. Procedures were performed primarily for angina control (85%) and/or treatment of moderate/severe ischemia (24%). Technical success rate was 84%, being achieved with antegrade wire approaches in 81% of procedures, antegrade dissection and re-entry in 9%, and retrograde approaches in 10%. In-hospital adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 2.3% of cases, with a mortality rate of 0.75%. Conclusions CTOs can be treated effectively in Brazil by using PCI, with low complication rates. The scientific and technological development observed in this area in the past decade is reflected in the clinical practice of dedicated Brazilian centers.

Resumo Fundamento Tem sido observado um grande avanço nas técnicas e nos dispositivos para a realização de intervenções coronárias percutâneas (ICP) em oclusões totais coronarianas crônicas (OTC), mas existem poucos dados da prática do mundo real em países em desenvolvimento. Objetivos Relatar as características clínicas e angiográficas, os aspectos dos procedimentos e os resultados clínicos da ICP de OTC em centros dedicados a esse procedimento no Brasil. Métodos Os pacientes incluídos foram submetidos à ICP de OTC em centros participantes do LATAM CTO Registry, um registro multicêntrico latino-americano dedicado à coleta prospectiva desses dados. Os critérios de inclusão foram procedimentos realizados no Brasil, idade acima de 18 anos e presença de OTC com tentativa de ICP. A definição de OTC foi lesão de 100% em uma artéria coronária epicárdica, conhecida ou estimada como tendo pelo menos 3 meses de evolução. Resultados Foram incluídos dados de 1.196 ICPs de OTC. Os procedimentos foram realizados principalmente para controle da angina (85%) e/ou tratamento de uma grande área isquêmica (24%). A taxa de sucesso técnico foi de 84% e foi alcançada com técnicas de fios anterógrados em 81%, dissecção/reentrada anterógrada em 9% e retrógrada em 10% dos procedimentos. Os eventos cardiovasculares adversos intra-hospitalares ocorreram em 2,3% dos casos, sendo a mortalidade de 0,75%. Conclusões As OTC podem ser tratadas no Brasil por intervenção coronária percutânea de forma efetiva e com baixas taxas de complicações. O desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico observado nessa área na última década reflete-se na prática clínica de centros brasileiros dedicados a essa técnica.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210462

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE USE IN BRAZILIAN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
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HENRIQUES, Débora Pereira

; OLIVEIRA, Rebeca Rodrigues de

; VANNI, Jeslei

; LIMA, Henrique Patriota de

; OTITI, Jean Vianney

; NEVES, Fabio Ricardo Monteiro

; HAMMERLE, Marcia Beiral

; SASSAKI, Lígia Yukie

; ZALTMAN, Cyrla

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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sep 2022, Volume 59 N. 3 Pages 375 - 382

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Contexto: O tratamento convencional da doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) é baseado na terapia medicamentosa, mas diferentes estudos têm mostrado aumento progressivo do uso de medicina complementar e alternativa (MCA) na abordagem dos pacientes. As modalidades de MCA mais usadas compreendem: acupuntura, medicina tradicional chinesa, medicina ayurvédica, homeopatia e fitoterapia, bem como práticas mais modernas, como aromaterapia e reflexologia. Os dados do uso de MCA no Brasil são escassos e não há estudos entre pacientes brasileiros com DII. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a frequência e os fatores associados com o uso de MCA entre pacientes com DII, além de estimar a satisfação com o uso de MCA. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo transversal em pacientes adultos ambulatoriais com DII oriundos de dois centros de referência no sudeste do Brasil, com amostra de 227 indivíduos. Foi aplicado questionário semiestruturado contendo produtos como - chá, probióticos, ômega 3 ou glutamina, homeopatia e fitoterapia, além de fatores associados ao uso de MCA e a satisfação do paciente. Utilizamos estatística descritiva, testes de associação (P<0,05) e regressão logística para análise estatística. Resultados: No total, 126 pacientes com doença de Crohn e 101 com retocolite ulcerativa foram incluídos. A média de idade foi 41,19±14,49 anos e 57,27% eram do sexo feminino. O tempo desde o diagnóstico foi de 10,58±7,5 anos, e a maioria dos pacientes estava em remissão clínica. Vinte e nove pacientes (12,8%) relataram ter usado MCA para o tratamento de DII, como chá (5,29%), probióticos (5,29%), ômega-3 ou glutamina (1,76%), homeopatia (0,88%) e fitoterápicos (0,44%). Apesar da baixa frequência, os pacientes ficaram satisfeitos com o uso (>50%). Não houve diferença entre o uso de MCA entre os pacientes com doença de Crohn em comparação com pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa (P=0,1171). Os fatores associados com o uso de MCA foram qualidade de vida regular ou ruim (Odds ratio 2,084; intervalo de confiança de 95% 1,147-3,786, P=0,0159) e menor tempo desde o diagnóstico (Odds ratio 0,956; intervalo de confiança de 95% 0,918-0,995; P=0,0260). Conclusão: A prevalência do uso de MCA foi baixa, mas satisfatória entre os pacientes com DII. O uso de MCA tem sido associada a baixa qualidade de vida e menor duração da doença.

ABSTRACT Background: The conventional treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is based on drug therapy, but different studies have shown a progressive increase in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). The most used CAM comprises of acupuncture, traditional Chinese medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, homeopathy, and herbal medicine, as well as more modern practices, including aromatherapy and reflexology. Data from CAM use in Brazil has previously been scarce and there are no studies among Brazilian patients with IBD. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of, and factors associated with the use of CAM among IBD patients in Brazil, in addition to estimating the satisfaction with CAM use. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in adult IBD outpatients from two Southeastern Brazilian referral centers, with a total a sample of 227 individuals. A semi-structured questionnaire was used containing CAM products - tea, probiotics, omega 3 or glutamine, homeopathy, and herbal therapy, and factors associated with CAM use and patient satisfaction. We used descriptive statistics, association tests (P<0.05) and logistic regression for statistical analyses. Results: In total, 126 patients with Crohn’s disease and 101 with ulcerative colitis were included. The mean age was 41.19±14.49 years and 57.27% were female. The time since diagnosis was 10.58±7.5 years, and most patients were in clinical remission. Twenty-nine patients (12.8%) reported having used CAM for IBD treatment, such as tea (5.29%), probiotics (5.29%), omega-3 or glutamine (1.76%), homeopathy (0.88%), and herbal therapies (0.44%). Despite the low frequency, patients were satisfied (>50%). There was no difference between CAM use in Crohn’s disease as compared to ulcerative colitis patients (P=0.1171). The factors associated with the use of CAM were regular or poor quality of life (odds ratio 2.084; 95% confidence interval 1.147-3.786, P=0.0159) and a shorter time since diagnosis (odds ratio 0.956; 95% confidence interval 0.918-0.995; P=0.0260). Conclusion: The prevalence of CAM use was low, but satisfactory among Brazilian IBD patients. The application of CAM has been associated with poor quality of life and shorter disease duration compared to patients with no use of CAM.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202203000-68

Mapping the tuberculosis scientific landscape among BRICS countries: a bibliometric and network analysis
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Castor, Kamaiaji

; Mota, Fabio Batista

; da Silva, Roseli Monteiro

; Cabral, Bernardo Pereira

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor

; de Almeida, Isabela Neves

; Arakaki-Sanchez, Denise

; Andrade, Kleydson Bonfim

; Testov, Vadim

; Vasilyeva, Irina

; Zhao, Yanlin

; Zhang, Hui

; Singh, Manjula

; Rao, Raghuram

; Tripathy, Srikanth

; Gray, Glenda

; Padayatchi, Nesri

; Bhagwandin, Niresh

; Swaminathan, Soumya

; Kasaeva, Tereza

; Kritski, Afrânio

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2020, Volume 115 elocation e190342

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND The five BRICS (Brazil, Russian, Indian, China, and South Africa) countries bear 49% of the world’s tuberculosis (TB) burden and they are committed to ending tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper is to map the scientific landscape related to TB research in BRICS countries. METHODS Were combined bibliometrics and social network analysis techniques to map the scientific publications related to TB produced by the BRICS. Was made a descriptive statistical data covering the full period of analysis (1993-2016) and the research networks were made for 2007-2016 (8,366 records). The bubble charts were generated by VantagePoint and the networks by the Gephi 0.9.1 software (Gephi Consortium 2010) from co-occurrence matrices produced in VantagePoint. The Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm provided the networks’ layout. FINDINGS During the period 1993-2016, there were 38,315 peer-reviewed, among them, there were 11,018 (28.7%) articles related by one or more authors in a BRICS: India 38.7%; China 23.8%; South Africa 21.1%; Brazil 13.0%; and Russia 4.5% (The total was greater than 100% because our criterion was all papers with at least one author in a BRICS). Among the BRICS, there was greater interaction between India and South Africa and organisations in India and China had the highest productivity; however, South African organisations had more interaction with countries outside the BRICS. Publications by and about BRICS generally covered all research areas, especially those in India and China covered all research areas, although Brazil and South Africa prioritised infectious diseases, microbiology, and the respiratory system. MAIN CONCLUSIONS An overview of BRICS scientific publications and interactions highlighted the necessity to develop a BRICS TB research plan to increase efforts and funding to ensure that basic science research successfully translates into products and policies to help end the TB epidemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760190342 1803 downloads

Ballistic Performance of Mallow and Jute Natural Fabrics Reinforced Epoxy Composites in Multilayered Armor
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Nascimento, Lucio Fabio Cassiano

; Louro, Luis Henrique Leme

; Monteiro, Sergio Neves

; Gomes, Alaelson Vieira

; Marçal, Rubens Lincoln Santana Blazutti

; Lima Júnior, Édio Pereira

; Margem, Jean Igor

Materials Research

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2017, Volume 20 Pages 399 - 403

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have recently been investigated as a component of multilayered armor system (MAS). These composites were found to present advantages when replacing conventional high strength synthetic aramid fabric laminate composite (KevlarTM, with same thickness, as MAS second layer. Continuous and loose natural fibers were up to now mostly used to reinforce these ballistic composites. Only two natural fabrics reinforced polymer composite were so far used with same purpose. Therefore, this work investigated the possibility of substituting KevlarTM for three other natural fabrics, based on mallow and jute fibers, as reinforcement of epoxy composites. Fabrics made of either pure mallow, or 70%mallow/30% jute or 50%mallow/50% jute fibers were separately mixed with epoxy to produce laminate composite plates. These plates were set as second layer of Al2O3/Nb2O5 front ceramic MAS, that were ballistic tested against relatively high energy 7.62 mm ammunition. Indentation depth values caused by the bullet penetration in clay witness, simulating human body behind the MAS, were always found to be below the safety standard limit. These indentation values were similar to those obtained in MAS with KevlarTM as second layer. However, significant economical advantages favor the investigated natural fabric composites over the synthetic Kevlar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-0927 986 downloads

The Effect of Thickness on Aramid Fabric Laminates Subjected to 7.62 MM Ammunition Ballistic Impact
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Braga, Fábio de Oliveira

; Lima Jr., Édio Pereira

; Lima, Eduardo de Sousa

; Monteiro, Sergio Neves

Materials Research

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2017, Volume 20 Pages 676 - 680

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Due to increasing improvement of weaponry and ammunition, attention is being given to the development of new materials that could more effectively resist to ballistic impact. In order to stop high energy bullets, with speed above 800 m/s, a high strength material is necessary. However, if just one material is used, then a relatively thick piece is required, which might affect negatively the wearer mobility. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of thickness on the ballistic behavior of aramid fabric laminates, Kevlar®, hit by high energy bullet. The purpose is to find the minimum thickness to avoid perforation. Ballistic tests using conventional 7.62 mm ammunition were performed according to standard procedures. The macro and microscopic aspects of the target specimens were evaluated. The results showed a change in the ballistic behavior of the laminates as their thickness increased. It was found that until the laminate was able to capture the bullet, 96 layers (~50 mm) were required. This is significantly higher than the necessary thickness for a multilayered armor to stop the same 7.62 mm bullet.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-0883 2527 downloads

Ballistic Efficiency of Multilayered Armor Systems with Sisal Fiber Polyester Composites
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Braga, Fábio de Oliveira

; Bolzan, Lucas Tedesco

; Ramos, Flávio James Humberto Tommasini Vieira

; Monteiro, Sergio Neves

; Lima Jr., Édio Pereira

; Silva, Luis Carlos da

Materials Research

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2017, Volume 20 Pages 767 - 774

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The urban violence and the different types of global armed conflicts demand efficient protective systems against high energy ammunition. Multilayered Armor Systems (MAS) provide efficient protection by making use of lighter and more efficient materials. A typical MAS may be composed of three layers: a front ceramic followed by a composite, backed by a ductile metal. Polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers have proven to be effective second layers, being also lighter, low-cost and environmentally friendly as compared to conventional composites like KevlarTM. The present work evaluates MAS using as second layer polyester composites reinforced with 10, 20, and 30 vol. % of sisal fibers. Ballistic tests were performed using class III 7.62x51 mm ammunition, based on the NIJ 0101.06 backface signature methodology. Both the 30 vol.% sisal fiber composite and the conventional aramid laminates were equally efficient in terms of MAS second layer. The explanation might be the similar capacity of the different composites to retain the fragments generated by the interaction of the projectile with the front ceramic, independently of the percentage of sisal fibers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2017-1002 1158 downloads

Atividade antisséptica do óleo essencial de Lippia origanoides Cham. (Alecrim-pimenta) na presença de leite bovino
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Almeida, Anna Christina de

; Morão, Rodrigo Pereira

; Martins, Ernane Ronie

; Fonseca, Francine Souza Alves da

; Souza, Cintya Neves de

; Prates, João Paulo Bicalho

; Oliveira, Fábio Dias de

; Silva, Lívia Mara Vitorino da

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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sep 2016, Volume 36 N. 9 Pages 905 - 911

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Objetivou-se determinar atividade antisséptica do óleo essencial de Lippia origanoides na presença de leite bovino. A composição química do óleo essencial de alecrim pimenta foi determinada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-EM), sendo detectados 53 compostos, dos quais 16 foram identificados (>0,1% área total). O carvacrol (32,7%), p-cimeno (23%), timilmetil éter, cariofileno (7,98%) e o γ-terpineno (5,40%) foram os componentes mais abundantes. A concentração inibitória mínima para Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 e E. coli ATCC 8739 foi de 60μL/mL, enquanto para Salmonella Choleraesuis ATCC 35640 foi de 90μL/mL. A concentração bactericida mínima foi de 120μL/mL para as três bactérias. Avaliou-se a atividade antisséptica do óleo essencial na concentração de 120μL/mL na presença de leite bovino sobre as mesmas cepas bacterianas. O óleo em estudo apresentou efeito inibitório do crescimento das cepas em diferentes tempos de ação (p<0,05). S. aureus apresentou maiores índices de inibição após 5 min de contato e Escherichia coli e Salmonella Choleraesuis após 15 min. O óleo essencial de alecrim-pimenta revelou ser um potencial antimicrobiano natural, mesmo na presença de matéria orgânica constituída de uma matriz nutricional complexa que é o leite bovino.

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the antiseptic activity of the essential oil of Lippia origanoides in the presence of bovine milk. The essential oil chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG EM) 53 compounds were detected, of which 16 were identified (>0.1% total area). The carvacrol (32.7%), p-cymene (23%), thymil methyl ether (10.03%), caryophyllene (7.98 %) and γ-terpinene (5.40%) were the most abundant components. The minimum inhibitory concentration for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 was 60uL/mL, as for this Salmonella Choleraesuis ATCC 35640 was 90uL/mL. The minimum bactericidal concentration was 120μL/mL for all three bacteria. We evaluated the antiseptic activity of the essential oil in the concentration of 120μL/mL in the presence of bovine milk for the same bacterial strains. The oil under study It showed an inhibitory effect of growth of the strains in different action times (p <0.05). S. aureus showed higher inhibition rates after 5 min of contact and E. coli and Salmonella Choleraesuis after 15 min. The essential oil Lippia origanoides proved to be a natural antimicrobial potential even in the presence of organic matter consists of a complex nutritional matrix is bovine milk.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2016000900018 3059 downloads

Colonoscopy sedation: clinical trial comparing propofol and fentanyl with or without midazolam
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Neves, Jose Francisco Nunes Pereira das

; Araújo, Mariana Moraes Pereira das Neves

; Araújo, Fernando de Paiva

; Ferreira, Clarice Martins

; Duarte, Fabiana Baeta Neves

; Pace, Fabio Heleno

; Ornellas, Laura Cotta

; Baron, Todd H.

; Ferreira, Lincoln Eduardo Villela Vieira de Castro

Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia

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jun 2016, Volume 66 N. 3 Pages 231 - 236

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A colonoscopia é um dos procedimentos mais feitos. Sedação e analgesia diminuem a ansiedade e o desconforto e minimizam riscos. Em razão disso, os pacientes preferem que o exame seja feito sob anestesia, embora não tenha sido determinada a melhor combinação de fármacos. A associação de benzodiazepínicos com opioides é usada para aliviar a dor e o desconforto do paciente. Mais recentemente, o propofol assumiu posição de destaque. Este estudo, prospectivo e randomizado, é único na literatura médica e especificamente comparou o uso do propofol e fentanil associado ou não ao midazolam na sedação para colonoscopia feita por anestesiologistas. Os objetivos do estudo foram avaliar os efeitos colaterais da sedação, as condições de alta, a qualidade da sedação e o consumo de propofol durante a colonoscopia, com ou sem o midazolam como pré-anestésico. Envolveu 140 pacientes submetidos à colonoscopia, no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. O Grupo I recebeu, por via endovenosa, midazolam como pré-anestésico, cinco minutos antes da sedação, seguido do fentanil e propofol. O Grupo II recebeu, por via endovenosa, anestesia com fentanil e propofol. Os pacientes do Grupo II apresentaram maior incidência de reação (motora ou verbal) à introdução do colonoscópio, bradicardia, hipotensão arterial e maior consumo de propofol. A satisfação dos pacientes foi maior no Grupo I. De acordo com a metodologia empregada, a associação de midazolam ao propofol e fentanil para sedação em colonoscopia reduz o consumo de propofol e cursa com maior satisfação do paciente.

ABSTRACT Colonoscopy is one of the most common procedures. Sedation and analgesia decrease anxiety and discomfort and minimize risks. Therefore, patients prefer to be sedated when undergoing examination, although the best combination of drugs has not been determined. The combination of opioids and benzodiazepines is used to relieve the patient's pain and discomfort. More recently, propofol has assumed a prominent position. This randomized prospective study is unique in medical literature that specifically compared the use of propofol and fentanyl with or without midazolam for colonoscopy sedation performed by anesthesiologists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the side effects of sedation, discharge conditions, quality of sedation, and propofol consumption during colonoscopy, with or without midazolam as preanesthetic. The study involved 140 patients who underwent colonoscopy at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I received intravenous midazolam as preanesthetic 5 min before sedation, followed by fentanyl and propofol; Group II received intravenous anesthesia with fentanyl and propofol. Patients in Group II had a higher incidence of reaction (motor or verbal) to the colonoscope introduction, bradycardia, hypotension, and increased propofol consumption. Patient satisfaction was higher in Group I. According to the methodology used, the combination of midazolam, fentanyl, and propofol for colonoscopy sedation reduces propofol consumption and provides greater patient satisfaction.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2014.09.014 10153 downloads

Redes neurais artificiais na predição da produtividade de milho e definição de sítios de manejo diferenciado por meio de atributos do solo
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Leal, Aguinaldo José Freitas

; Miguel, Eder Pereira

; Baio, Fabio Henrique Rojo

; Neves, Danilo de Carvalho

; Leal, Ulcilea Alves Severino

Bragantia

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dec 2015, Volume 74 N. 4 Pages 436 - 444

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O entendimento dos fatores que influenciam a produtividade é essencial para o sucesso produtivo e para adoção de manejo diferenciado em sítios específicos. Na busca de alternativas para predizer a produtividade de grãos de milho a partir de atributos do solo, uma alternativa consiste no uso de redes neurais artificiais (RNAs). Diante disso, o presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a eficácia de adoção de atributos do solo por interface da análise de regressão, e das RNAs no estabelecimento de sítios de manejo diferenciado e predição da produtividade de grãos de milho, “segunda safra”, em solos de cerrado. Os dados foram obtidos em uma área de 41,76 ha, cultivada em 2010 e 2011. Apesar de demandar maior tempo de construção e processamento em relação à regressão linear, a adoção de RNAs permite melhor predição da produtividade de grãos. Em consonância ao estabelecimento de sítios específicos de manejo diferenciado do solo, a partir dos atributos teor de argila, capacidade de troca de cátions, matéria orgânica do solo e saturação de bases.

The understanding of the factors influencing yield is essential for the crop success and adoption of site-specific management. The use of artificial neural networks (ANN) is an alternative of corn yield prediction from soil properties attributes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of adoption of soil properties by interface of the regression analysis, and ANNs in the establishment of site-specific management zones and prediction of corn yield, second crop in Cerrado’s soil. Data were collected in an area of 41.76 ha cropped in 2010 and 2011. The adoption of ANNs allows better corn yield prediction despite of higher demand of construction time and processing when compared to linear regression. In consonance to the soil site-specific establishment from clay content, exchange cation capacity, organic matter and base soil saturation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.0140 2793 downloads

10.

Câmara de Saúde Suplementar: apontamentos a partir das contribuições de Georg Simmel
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Gamarra, Tatiana Pereira das Neves

; Peres, Fabio de Faria

Saúde e Sociedade

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jun 2014, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 641 - 650

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A Câmara de Saúde Suplementar é uma instância de participação social da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar que conta com representantes de diferentes grupos sociais de interesses diversos. Esses grupos muitas vezes entram em conflito em defesa de seus objetivos e interesses. Nesse sentido, como a câmara consiste em uma instância de muitos conflitos este estudo, de natureza teórico-conceitual, discute como as contribuições de Georg Simmel podem ser úteis à compreensão da sua dinâmica, uma vez que este autor considera o conflito como forma de interação social que combina e sintetiza, simultaneamente, tendências de aproximação e distanciamento, de consenso e dissenso, produzindo uma multiplicidade de arranjos coletivos. Conclui-se que os aportes simmelianos podem ajudar no entendimento da Câmara de Saúde Suplementar ao revelar que os conflitos ocorridos em tal instância possuem funções ao mesmo tempo integradoras e diferenciadoras. Também se ressalta a importância do papel da ANS na câmara, isto é, a função da agência reguladora pode ser compreendida a partir da perspectiva simmeliana como elemento “imparcial” que pode ser capaz de modificar toda a situação conflitante, interagindo como um mediador de conflitos em busca do alcance da defesa do interesse público, que constitui a missão precípua da agência.

The Private Health Insurance and Plans Advisory Committee is a social participation committee of the Private Health Insurance and Plans Regulatory Agency which includes representatives of different social groups with diverse interests. These groups are often in conflict in defense of their interests and goals. In this sense, as the Advisory Committee presents many conflicts, this theoretical study discusses how the contributions of Georg Simmel may be useful in understanding the dynamics of such instance as this author sees conflict as a form of social interaction that combines and synthesizes both approach and avoidance tendencies, consensus and dissent, producing a multiplicity of collective arrangements. This study concludes that Georg Simmel’s contributions can help in understanding this Advisory Committee by revealing that the conflicts that have occurred in this instance have integrating and differentiating functions. It also highlights the importance of the role of Regulatory Agency in the Advisory Committee, that is, the function of the regulatory agency can be understood from the perspective of Simmel as an “impartial” element that may be able to modify all the interacting conflicting situation as a conflict mediator seeking to defend public interests, the primary mission of the Regulatory Agency.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902014000200023 2609 downloads

11.

Câmara de Saúde Suplementar: apontamentos a partir das contribuições de Georg Simmel
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Gamarra, Tatiana Pereira das Neves

; Peres, Fabio de Faria

Saúde e Sociedade

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jun 2014, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 641 - 650

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902014000200023 93 downloads

12.

Potencial de um método acústico em quantificar as atividades de bovinos em pastejo
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Trindade, Júlio Kuhn Da

; Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio

; Neves, Fabio Pereira

; Pinto, Cassiano Eduardo

; Gonda, Horacio Leandro

; Nadin, Laura Beatriz

; Correia, Luis Henrique Silva

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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aug 2011, Volume 46 N. 8 Pages 965 - 968

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de um método acústico de quantificação do tempo de pastejo, de ruminação e de outras atividades realizadas por novilhas de corte em pastagem natural. Para obter registros sonoros, novilhas foram equipadas com buçais que permitiam sustentar um gravador digital e um microfone ajustado à fronte. Os registros foram analisados em um programa de áudio. As atividades foram discriminadas, e suas durações foram quantificadas e comparadas a valores obtidos por método visual. O método acústico é eficiente em quantificar o tempo de pastejo, de ruminação e de outras atividades de bovinos em pastejo.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of an acoustic method for quantifying the duration of grazing, rumination, and other activities of beef heifers on natural pasture. To obtain sound recordings, heifers were fitted with a digital recorder and a microphone was mounted on the heifer's forehead. The recordings were analyzed using audio software. Activities were discriminated, and their duration was quantified and compared with those obtained using a visual method. The acoustic method is efficient in quantifying the duration of grazing, rumination, and other activities of grazing cattle.

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13.

Production of glucose and fructose syrups from cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) starch using enzymes produced by microorganisms isolated from Brazilian Cerrado soil
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Silva, Roberto do Nascimento

; Quintino, Fábio Pereira

; Monteiro, Valdirene Neves

; Asquieri, Eduardo Ramirez

Food Science and Technology

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mar 2010, Volume 30 N. 1 Pages 213 - 217

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A alta demanda por açúcares e o desenvolvimento da tecnologia enzimática têm aumentado a produção de adoçantes, principalmente xaropes de glicose e frutose. Este trabalho descreve uma tecnologia para a produção de xaropes de glicose e frutose a partir de amido de mandioca usando enzimas produzidas por microrganismos isolados do solo do Cerrado Brasileiro. Primeiramente, Aspergillus niger e Strepotmyces sp. foram isolados a partir do solo e usados como fontes produtoras de glicoamilase (GA) e glicose isomerase (GI). Após caracterização GA e GI exibiram pH ótimo de 4,5 e 8,0, respectivamente. GA apresentou uma atividade máxima a 60 ºC enquanto que GI a 80 ºC. GA e GI mantiveram 65 e 80%, respectivamente, da atividade inicial, após 180 minutos de incubação a 60 ºC. Os parâmetros cinéticos Km e Vmáx foram 0,476 (mg mL-1) e 8,58 (µmol min-1) para GA e 0,082 (M) e 48,20 (µmol min-1) para GI. A máxima produção de xarope de glicose ocorreu após 24 horas de reação com um rendimento de 98%. A produção de xarope de frutose com 42% (m/v) foi alcançada após 96 horas de reação.

The high demands for sugars and the development of enzymatic technology have increased the production of sweeteners, especially for glucose and fructose syrups. This work describe a technology for glucose and fructose syrups from Brazilian cassava starch using enzymes produced by soil microrganisms isolated from the Brazilian Cerrado soil. Firstly, Aspergillus niger and Streptomyces sp. were isolated from the soil and used as glucoamylase (GA) and glucose isomerase (GI) producer sources. After characterization, GA and GI exhibited optimum pH 4.5 and 8.0, respectively. GA showed maximum activity at 60 ºC and GI at 85 ºC. GA and GI retained 65 and 80%, respectively, of initial activity after 180 minutes of incubation at 60 ºC. The kinetic parameters Km and Vmáx were 0.476 (mg.mL-1) and 8.58 (µmol/minute) for GA and 0.082 (M) and 48.20 (µmol/minute) for GI. The maximum glucose syrups production occurred after 24 hours of reaction with a 98% yield. The production of fructose syrups with 42% (w/v) was reached after 96 hours of reaction.

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14.

Caracterização da estrutura da vegetação numa pastagem natural do Bioma Pampa submetida a diferentes estratégias de manejo da oferta de forragem
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Neves, Fabio Pereira

; Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio

; Nabinger, Carlos

; Carassai, Igor Justin

; Santos, Davi Teixeira dos

; Veiga, Gustavo Velasquez da

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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sep 2009, Volume 38 N. 9 Pages 1685 - 1694

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os objetivos neste trabalho foram descrever e investigar a dinâmica espaço-temporal de sítios alimentares em diferentes faixas de massa de forragem e altura do pasto, assim como o percentual de área efetivamente pastejada, a taxa de acúmulo de forragem e a produção de matéria seca de uma pastagem natural do Bioma Pampa. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com duas repetições, com três ofertas de forragem fixas (8, 12 e 16%) e três ofertas de forragem variáveis ao longo do ano (8-12%, 12-8% e 16-12%), com o primeiro valor correspondendo à primavera. Na oferta fixa de forragem de 8%, observou-se maior percentual de área efetivamente pastejada, porém os valores médios de altura e massa de forragem foram inferiores aos das demais ofertas. As maiores ofertas de forragem, 16 e 16-12%, apresentaram altura média do pasto superior, 9,0 cm e massa de forragem de 2.000 kg/ha de matéria seca, porém, com área efetivamente pastejada inferior às observadas nas ofertas de 8 e 8-12%. Mesmo estratégias de manejo tão distintas, aproximadamente 60 a 70% dos sítios alimentares ocorreram em faixas consideradas limitantes ao potencial de ingestão de forragem por bovinos, com exceção dos tratamentos 16% e 16-12%, nos quais se observou menor frequência de sítios alimentares na faixa inferior a 6,0 cm de altura. Os sítios alimentares, em geral, se concentraram em faixas com altura <6 cm e massas de forragem <1000 e 1000-1500 kg/ha de matéria seca em todas as ofertas de forragem avaliadas, porém, nas ofertas de 16-12% e 8-12%, ocorreu uma melhor distribuição dos sítios alimentares nas demais faixas de massa de forragem e altura do pasto.

The objective of this trial was to investigate the spatio-temporal dynamics of feeding sites stratified by strips of herbage mass and sward height, and the percentage of effectively grazed area, herbage growth rate and dry matter yield of a natural pasture from Pampa Biome managed with different herbage allowance management strategies. A randomized block design with two replications was used with three fixed herbage allowance (8, 12 and 16%) and three herbage allowance variables throughout the year (8-12%, 12-8%, and 16-12%), with first value corresponding to the spring season. The 8% fixed herbage allowance presented greater effectively grazed area, but the average height and herbage mass were lower than in other allowances. The highest herbage allowance, 16% and 16-12%, presented 9.0 cm average sward height and herbage mass of 2,000 kg/ha dry matter, and a smaller effectively grazed area than the 8% and 8-12% herbage allowances. In spite of the different management strategies used, between 60 and 70% of feeding sites occurred in strips considered to constrain animal intake, except in the 16% and 16-12% treatments, in which a smaller frequency of feeding sites in strips lower than 6.0 cm was registered. In general, the feeding sites were concentrated on strips <6 cm SH, and herbage masses <1000 and 1000-1500 kg/ha dry matter, in all allowances. However, at 16-12% and 8-12% herbage allowances, the feeding sites were better distributed among the strips for herbage mass and sward height.

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15.

Estratégias de manejo da oferta de forragem para recria de novilhas em pastagem natural
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Neves, Fabio Pereira

; Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio

; Nabinger, Carlos

; Jacques, Aino Victor Ávila

; Carassai, Igor Justin

; Tentardini, Fabio

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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aug 2009, Volume 38 N. 8 Pages 1532 - 1542

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o desenvolvimento de novilhas de corte dos 15 aos 28 meses de idade mantidas em pastagem natural sob diversos manejos da oferta de forragem. Avaliaram-se quatro ofertas fixas ao longo do ano (4, 8; 12 e 16% do peso vivo, PV) e três ofertas de forragem variáveis (8-12; 12-8; e 16-12%, de modo que o primeiro valor corresponde à oferta utilizada na primavera e o segundo àquela empregada no restante do ano). Foram utilizadas novilhas de corte mestiças sob pastejo contínuo com taxa de lotação variável para avaliação do peso vivo, do escore de condição corporal, do ganho médio diário e da aptidão reprodutiva pela dosagem de progesterona no sangue. Para caracterização do pasto, foram avaliadas a massa de forragem (MF), a altura do pasto (ALT) e a área efetivamente pastejada (AEP). Na oferta de forragem de 4%, os animais apresentaram redução acentuada de peso no fim do verão e outono, por isso, essa oferta de forragem foi eliminada. O peso vivo, o escore de condição corporal e o ganho médio diário não diferiram entre as ofertas de forragem; as variações ocorreram somente entre as estações. Aos 26 meses de idade, a probabilidade de estro das novilhas não diferiu entre as ofertas de forragem, embora a oferta de forragem de 16-12% tenha resultado em probabilidade de estro de 50%. Aos 28 meses de idade, a oferta de forragem de 16-12% resultou em maior probabilidade de estro (86%) e não diferiu das ofertas de 16% (50%) e 8-12% (50%), as quais promoveram estrutura do pasto mais adequada, ou menos limitante, ao hábito de pastejo das novilhas.

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the development of beef heifers from 15 to 28 months of age, maintained on natural pasture under different herbage allowance (HA) managements. The treatments were fixed HA of 4, 8, 12 and 16% of the body weight (BW) over the year, and variable HA of 8-12%; 12-8%; and 16-12%, where the first value corresponded to the HA used in the spring and the second one to that used in the remainder of the year. Crossbreed beef heifers were used under continuous stocking with variable stocking rate, and the body weight, body condition score (BCS), average daily gain (ADG) and reproductive ability by blood progesterone concentration were evaluated. In addition, herbage mass, sward height, and effectively grazed area were evaluated to characterize the pasture. At 4%-HA the animals presented great decrease in weight at the end of summer and fall, and this HA removed from the experiment. Differences among HA were not verified among treatments for LW, BCS, and ADG. At 26 months of age, no difference for heifers estrus probability (EP) was detected, although HA of 16-12% showed EP of 50%. At 28 months of age, the HA 16-12% HA showed greater EP (86%) and was not different from the HA of 16% (50%) and 8-12% (50%). Such management strategies promoted a sward structure that was more adequate, or less limited, to heifer grazing.

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