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Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of the Essential Oil from the Inflorescence of Etlingera elatior (Zingiberaceae) and Its Main Constituents (Dodecanal and 1-Dodecanol)
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Ferreira, Felipe S.

; Silva, Ana C. da

; Aguiar, Júlio C. R. O. F. de

; Moura, Maiara C. de

; Pimentel, Camila S. L.

; Coelho, Luana C. B. B.

; Paiva, Patricia M. G.

; Napoleão, Thiago H. Navarro, Daniela M. A. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2025, Volume 36 N. 4 elocation e-20240215

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens had motivated the search for plant-derived antimicrobial agents, such as essential oils. This work investigated the antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm properties of the essential oil from the inflorescence of Etlingera elatior and its major compounds. Dodecanal (42.46%) and 1-dodecanol (25.84%) were the major compounds. The oil, dodecanal and 1-dodecanol were active against Staphylococcus aureus, with minimum bactericidal concentrations of 124, 31 and 62 µg mL-1, respectively. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the essential oil had an inhibitory effect against a multidrug resistant isolate (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC): 4,000 µg mL-1). Dodecanal had an MIC of 60,000 µg mL-1 for all Candida species, but fungicidal activity was only detected for Candida albicans (minimum fungicidal concentration: 60,000 µg mL-1). 1-Dodecanol (60,000 µg mL-1) exhibited fungistatic activity for C. albicans. Biofilm inhibition linked to an anti-adhesive effect of the oil and dodecanal was only detected for the standard S. aureus isolate and C. albicans, respectively. In conclusion, the essential oil from the inflorescence of E. elatior and its major components were more active against nonresistant strains S. aureus. Essential oil, dodecanol and dodecanal showed excellent activity against S. aureus, however, these same materials showed low activity against P. aeruginosa.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20240215

Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and cardiorespiratory mortality: an ecological small-area study in five cities in Colombia
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Marín, Diana

; Herrera, Víctor

; Piñeros-Jiménez, Juan Gabriel

; Rojas-Sánchez, Oscar Alberto

; Mangones, Sonia C.

; Rojas, Yurley

; Cáceres, Jhon

; Agudelo-Castañeda, Dayana M.

; Rojas, Néstor Y.

; Belalcazar-Ceron, Luis Carlos

; Ochoa-Villegas, Jonathan

; Montes-Mejía, María Leonor

; Lopera-Velasquez, Veronica Maria

; Castillo-Navarro, Sanit María

; Torres-Prieto, Alexander

; Baumgartner, Jill

; Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2025, Volume 41 N. 4 elocation e00071024

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen: La exposición prolongada a material particulado fino (MP2,5) es un factor de riesgo para la mortalidad cardiorrespiratoria. Sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre la distribución de MP2,5 y su impacto sobre la salud de la población que vive en las grandes ciudades de los países de ingresos medianos-bajos (donde la exposición ha aumentado en las últimas décadas). Este estudio ecológico evaluó la asociación entre la concentración de MP2,5 y la mortalidad cardiorrespiratoria en adultos de los sectores censales (SC) intraurbanos de las cinco ciudades más pobladas de Colombia (2015-2019). Estimamos la razón de las tasas de incidencia (RTI; por 5μg/m3), con ajustes de las regresiones binomiales negativas a las tasas de mortalidad bayesiana (TMB) suavizadas para MP2,5 que se estimaron a partir de modelos de regresión del uso de la tierra (RUT), ajustando la estructura demográfica del SC, el índice de pobreza multidimensional y la autocorrelación espacial. La mediana de MP2,5 por SC varió de 8,1μg/m3 en Bucaramanga a 18,7μg/m3 en Medellín. Por otra parte, Bogotá concentró la mayor variabilidad (IIQ = 29,5μg/m3) y mortalidad cardiorrespiratoria (TMB = 2.560 por 100.000). La exposición prolongada a MP2,5 aumentó la mortalidad cardiorrespiratoria en Bucaramanga (RTI = 1,15; IC95%: 1,02; 1,31), la única sin evidencia de agrupamiento espacial, y la mortalidad cardiovascular (RTI = 1,06; IC95%: 1,01; 1,12) y respiratoria (RTI = 1,07; IC95%: 1,02; 1,13) en Medellín. La mortalidad cardiorrespiratoria se agrupó espacialmente en algunas ciudades colombianas y se asoció con la exposición prolongada a MP2,5 en áreas urbanas donde los modelos RUT presentaron una mayor precisión predictiva, lo que destaca la necesidad de incorporar evaluaciones de exposición de alta calidad y alta resolución para comprender mejor el impacto de la contaminación del aire en la salud de la población e informar las intervenciones de salud pública en entornos urbanos.

Resumo: A exposição prolongada a material particulado fino (MP2,5) configura um fator de risco à mortalidade cardiorrespiratória. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a distribuição de MP2,5 e seu impacto na saúde em grandes cidades de países de renda média-baixa (em que a exposição da população aumentou nas últimas décadas). Este estudo ecológico avaliou a associação entre a concentração de MP2,5 e mortalidade cardiorrespiratória em adultos no nível do setor censitário (SC) intraurbano das cinco cidades mais populosas da Colômbia (2015-2019). Estimamos as razões das taxas de incidência (RTI; por 5μg/m3), ajustando regressões binomiais negativas às taxas de mortalidade bayesianas suavizadas (TMB) para MP2,5 que foram previstas a partir de modelos de regressão do uso da terra (RUT), ajustando-se à estrutura demográfica do SC, índice de pobreza multidimensional e autocorrelação espacial. A mediana de MP2,5 por SC variou de 8,1μg/m3 em Bucaramanga a 18,7μg/m3 em Medellín. No entanto, Bogotá apresentou a maior variabilidade (IIQ = 29,5μg/m3) e mortalidade cardiorrespiratória (TMB = 2.560 por 100.000). A exposição prolongada a MP2,5 aumentou a mortalidade cardiorrespiratória em Bucaramanga (RTI = 1,15; IC95%: 1,02; 1,31) - a única sem evidência de agrupamento espacial - e mortalidades cardiovascular (RTI = 1,06; IC95%: 1,01; 1,12) e respiratória (RTI = 1,07; IC95%: 1,02; 1,13) em Medellín. A mortalidade cardiorrespiratória agrupou-se espacialmente em algumas cidades colombianas e foi associada à exposição prolongada ao MP2,5 em áreas urbanas onde os modelos RUT tiveram a maior precisão preditiva, destacando a necessidade de incorporar-se avaliações de exposição de alta qualidade e alta resolução para entender melhor o impacto da poluição do ar na saúde e informar as intervenções de saúde pública em ambientes urbanos.

Abstract: Long-term exposure to the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a risk factor for cardiorespiratory mortality. However, little is known about its distribution and health impact in large cities in low-middle-income countries where population exposure has increased during the last decades. This ecological study evaluated the association between PM2.5 concentration and adult cardiorespiratory mortality at the intraurban census sector (CS) level of Colombia’s five most populated cities (2015-2019). We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR; per 5µg/m3) by fitting negative binomial regressions to smoothed Bayesian mortality rates (BMR) on PM2.5 predicted from land use regression (LUR) models, adjusting for CS demographic structure, multidimensional poverty index, and spatial autocorrelation. CS median PM2.5 ranged from 8.1µg/m3 in Bucaramanga to 18.7µg/m3 in Medellín, whereas Bogotá had the highest variability (IQR = 29.5µg/m3) and cardiorespiratory mortality (BMR = 2,560 per 100,000). Long-term exposure to PM2.5 increased cardiorespiratory mortality in Bucaramanga (IRR = 1.15; 95%CI: 1.02; 1.31), without evidence of spatial clustering, and cardiovascular (IRR = 1.06; 95%CI: 1.01; 1.12) and respiratory (IRR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.02; 1.13) mortality in Medellín. Cardiorespiratory mortality spatially clustered in some Colombian cities and was associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 in urban areas where the LUR models had the highest predictive accuracy. These findings highlight the need to incorporate high-quality, high-resolution exposure assessments to better understand the health impact of air pollution and inform public health interventions in urban environments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xen071024

Evidencia ecológica de la relación de Croton draco var. draco Schltdl. & Cham. con hongos micorrizógenos
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Olalde Portugal, Víctor

; Méndez Cortés, Heriberto

; Navarro Rodríguez, Ana María Del Pilar

; Ibarra Laclette, Enrique

; Ramón Farías, Feliza

Botanical Sciences

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sep 2024, Volume 102 N. 3 Pages 698 - 712

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: Existen reportes de que los Hongos Micorrizógenos Arbusculares (HMA) incrementan la producción de metabolitos secundarios en plantas medicinales. El género Croton ha sido poco estudiado en este aspecto. C. draco es una especie etnomedicinal, conocer la relación y naturaleza de los HMA, puede contribuir a obtener plantas en cultivo con mayor calidad y cantidad de metabolitos secundarios. Preguntas: ¿Las raíces de C. draco pueden ser colonizadas por HMA? ¿Qué especies de HMA se encuentran en la rizósfera de C. draco? ¿La diversidad de especies de HMA varía dependiendo del ambiente? Sitios de estudio y periodo de investigación: El estudio se hizo en tres localidades del estado de Veracruz, en el año 2019. Métodos: Raíces terciarias de árboles adultos se procesaron y observaron al microscopio compuesto buscando esporas, hifas y arbúsculos de HMA. La diversidad y densidad esporas en la rizosfera de C. draco, se determinó en muestras de suelo, comparando tres sitios de estudio. Los datos se normalizaron y se hicieron pruebas paramétricas. Resultados: Se observaron esporas, hifas y arbúsculos en las raíces de C. draco. La abundancia de esporas y diversidad de HMA fue diferente entre los sitios evaluados. Con base en la morfología de las esporas se reconocieron 14 taxones, de los cuales, solo dos están presentes en los tres sitios. Conclusión: C. draco presentó en sus raíces estructuras propias de los HMA. Basado en los resultados concluimos que las condiciones ambientales influyen en la abundancia de esporas y en la diversidad de especies de HMA.

Abstract Background: There are reports that Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) increase the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The Croton genus has not been widely studied in this aspect. C. draco is an ethnomedicinal species, knowing the relationship and nature of AMF can contribute to obtaining plants in crops with a good quality and quantity of secondary metabolites. Questions: Can the roots of C. draco be colonized by AMF? What type of AMF species can be found in the rhizosphere of C. draco? Could the diversity of AMF species vary depending on the environment? Study sites and dates: The study was carried out in three locations in the state of Veracruz, in 2019. Methods: Tertiary roots of adult trees were processed and observed under a compound microscope looking for AMF spores, hyphae and arbuscules. The diversity and density of spores in the rhizosphere of C. draco was determined in soil samples, comparing the two sites. Data were normalized and parametric tests were performed. Results: Spores, hyphae and arbuscules were observed on the roots of C. draco. The abundance of spores and AMF diversity was different between the evaluated sites. Based on the morphology of the spores, fourteen taxa were recognized, and among them, only two were found in the three sites. Conclusions: C. draco showed structures typical of AMF in its roots. Based on these results we can say that environmental conditions influence the abundance of spores and the diversity of AMF species.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3412

In vitro antibacterial activity of essential oils from Eryngium foetidum L. and Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze
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ORTIZ-RUÍZ, MARIANELLA

; NAVARRO-MENGUAL, JESÚS DAVID

; JARAMILLO-COLORADO, BEATRIZ E.

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas

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apr 2024, Volume 18 N. 1 elocation e16699

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN En el presente trabajo, se determinó la composición química volátil de los aceites esenciales colombianos de Eryngium foetidum L. y Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze, extraídos por hidrodestilación, usando la técnica de cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (CG-EM). El aceite esencial de hojas de E. foetidum está compuesto en su mayoría de aldehídos alifáticos, principalmente 2-dodecenal (43,0%), mientras que en el aceite esencial de las partes aéreas de C. brownei contiene mentona (54,3%), pulegona (17,7%), y neomentol (16,1%). La susceptibilidad de las cepas bacterianas Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 11632), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883), y Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) a ambos aceites esenciales se probó mediante ensayos de difusión en agar. Se encontró que el aceite esencial de E. foetidum inhibe el crecimiento de S. aureus (90% a 150 µg mL-1). Las pruebas de microdilución en caldo determinaron que la MIC y MBC de E. foetidum contra S. aureus fue de 105 y 150 μg mL-1, respectivamente. El 2-dodecenal tuvo actividad antibacteriana fuerte contra S. aureus con MIC y MBC de 105 μg mL-1 (98%). Las combinaciones binarias de 2-dodecenal y S-limoneno o 2,4,6-trimetoxibenzaldehido tuvieron efecto indiferente en las pruebas de tablero de ajedrez, por lo que se podría afirmar que la actividad antibacteriana del aceite esencial de E. foetidum se debe principalmente a la acción del 2-dodecenal.

ABSTRACT In the present work, the volatile chemical composition was determined for the essential oils of Colombian Eryngium foetidum L. and Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze, extracted by hydrodistillation, using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The essential oil of E. foetidum leaves is composed mostly of aliphatic aldehydes, mainly 2-dodecenal (43.0%), while the essential oil of the aerial parts of C. brownei contains menthone (54.3%), pulegone (17.7%), and neomenthol (16.1%). The susceptibility of the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 11632), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) to both essential oils was tested with agar diffusion assays. It was found that the E. foetidum essential oil inhibits the growth of S. aureus (90% at 150 µg mL-1). Broth microdilution tests determined that the MIC and MBC of the E. foetidum essential oil against S. aureus were 105 and 150 μg mL-1, respectively. 2-dodecenal had strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus with MIC and MBC of 105 μg mL-1 (98%). Binary combinations of 2-dodecenal and S-limonene or 2,4,6-trimethoxybenzaldehyde had an indifferent effect in checkerboard tests, so it could be stated that the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of E. foetidum is mainly due to the action of the 2-dodecenal.

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2024v18i1.16699

Ajuste osmótico y rendimiento de dos variedades de palta (Persea americana), Hass y Fuerte, con sistema de riego por goteo, en zona andina del Perú
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Quispe-Rodriguez, Juan

; Paytan-Montañez, Tulio C.

; Aliaga Barrera, Isaac N.

; Saravia-Navarro, David

Scientia Agropecuaria

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apr 2024, Volume 15 N. 2 Pages 225 - 234

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El cultivo de palta (Persea americana) no solo es esencial desde el punto de vista económico, sino que también desempeña un papel crucial en la alimentación, la salud y el bienestar de las poblaciones en todo el mundo. El estudio se realizó en Ayacucho-Perú (latitud: 12° 53’ 57’’ S, longitud: 74° 16’ 55’’ O y altitud: 2596 msnm), con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la utilización del sistema de riego tecnificado por goteo en la producción y rendimiento de dos variedades de palta, Hass y Fuerte. El estudio estuvo basado en el uso de un sistema de riego con programación por tratamiento con plantas de palta instaladas en parcelas de 500 m² en 6 sectores, con una densidad de 5 x 5 m, cuya edad estuvo entre 5 a 16 años, de las cuales se consideró 12 plantas (6 plantas con riego por goteo y 6 plantas como testigo con riego por gravedad). Los riegos se efectuaron justo en la etapa de floración y producción garantizando el suministro de agua adecuado en periodos de déficit hídrico, entre febrero a junio de 2022. El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos al azar, con seis bloques de 20 plantas cada uno. La cosecha realizada reporto rendimientos 67,96 ± 8,8 t/ha bajo riego tecnificado y de 26,42 ± 4,93 t/ha en riego por gravedad, siendo un incremento del 157% con respecto a este último. En cuanto a las variedades, la palta Fuerte tuvo el mayor rendimiento 49,38 ± 23,06 t/ha con respecto a la variedad Hass (45,0 ± 21,14 t/ha), el rendimiento máximo se dio con riego por goteo para a variedad Fuerte (71,09 ± 8,38 t/ha), esto es explicado por el gasto de energía en el potencial de ajuste osmótico la cual disminuye drásticamente el potencial de rendimiento con riego tradicional por gravedad, obteniendo un rendimiento mínimo en Hass de 25,18 ± 4,44 t/ha.

Abstract The cultivation of avocado (Persea Americana) is not only essential from an economic point of view, but also plays a crucial role in the nutrition, health and well-being of populations around the world. The study was carried out in Ayacucho -Peru (latitude: 12° 53' 57'' S, longitude: 74° 16' 55'' W and altitude: 2596 masl), with the objective of evaluating the effect of the use of the technical drip irrigation system on the production and yield of two varieties of avocado, Hass and Fuerte. The study was based on the use of an irrigation system with programming by treatment with avocado plants installed in plots of 500 m² in 6 sectors, with a density of 5 x 5 m, whose age was between 5 to 16 years, of the which were considered 12 plants (6 plants with drip irrigation and 6 plants as a control with gravity irrigation). Irrigation was carried out right at the flowering and production stage, guaranteeing adequate water supply in periods of water deficit, between February and June 2022. The experimental design was a complete randomized block, with six blocks of 20 plants each. The harvest carried out reported yields of 67.96 ± 8.8 t/ha under technical irrigation and 26.42 ± 4.93 t/ha under gravity irrigation, an increase of 157% with respect to the latter. As for the varieties, the Fuerte avocado had the highest yield 49.38 ± 23.06 t/ha compared to the Hass variety (45.0 ± 21.14 t/ha), the maximum yield occurred with drip irrigation for the Fuerte variety (71.09 ± 8.38 t/ha), this is explained by the energy expenditure in the osmotic adjustment potential which drastically decreases the yield potential with traditional gravity irrigation, obtaining a minimum yield in Hass of 25.18 ± 4.44 t/ha.

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2024.017

Uso de hidrolatos de plantas aromáticas para el control de cuatro especies de malas hierbas
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Navarro, Juliana Gimeno, David Pueyo, Jorge Villar, Mª Pilar Pardo, Gabriel Cirujeda, Alicia

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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mar 2024, Volume 47 N. 1 Pages 241 - 250

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Durante el proceso de destilación de plantas aromáticas se genera un subproducto líquido llamado hidrolato que, en condiciones in vitro, se sabe que tiene propiedades herbicidas. El siguiente paso para estudiar una posible actividad antigerminante sería utilizar el producto en condiciones de invernadero. Para ello se realizaron tres ensayos, en grandes macetas, utilizando hidrolatos de lavanda (Lavandula intermedia var. Súper) y de Artemisia absinthium a dos dosis diferentes. Como especies diana se sembraron Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv., Sonchus oleraceus L., Datura stramonium L. y Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. En los tres ensayos se utilizaron las mismas poblaciones de arvenses y se hicieron 4 repeticiones por tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron una reducción de la emergencia más o menos acusada en las 4 especies al aplicar ambos hidrolatos ya desde la menor dosis. Las arvenses más sensibles a los hidrolatos fueron S. oleraceus y C. bonariensis con una reducción de la emergencia que osciló entre un 8 y un 100% dependiendo del ensayo sin una marcada diferencia en el tipo de hidrolato. La emergencia de E. crus-galli fue la menos afectada por la acción de los hidrolatos. La baja tasa de emergencia de D. stramonium en dos de los ensayos y los resultados algo irregulares en el otro requieren de una repetición de los ensayos tratando de analizar algunos factores en mayor detalle, como el riego, que pudo haber causado el lavado de la fracción bioactiva del hidrolato.

Abstract During the distillation process of aromatic plants a liquid byproduct so called hydrolate is produced which is known to have some herbicidal activity in vitro. The next step to study a possible inhibition of germination would be to use the product in greenhouse conditions. With this aim three trials were carried out in big pots using hydrolates of lavender (Lavandula intermedia var. Super) and of Artemisia absinthium at two different rates. As target weed species Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv., Sonchus oleraceus L., Datura stramonium L. and Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. were seeded. The same weed populations were used in the three trials and 4 replicates were conducted. The results showed a more or less pronounced reduction in weed emergence depending on the species already at the lower rates of the hydrolates. The most susceptible species were S. oleraceus and Conyza bonariensis with an emergence reduction between 8 and 100% depending on the trial without a marked difference in the type of hydrolate. E. crus-galli was the least affected by the action of hydrolates. The low emergence of D. stramonium in two of the trials and quite irregular results in the other suggest that more trials should be conducted focusing on analysing some of the factors more in detail such as the irrigation, that could have washed out the bioactive fraction of the hydrolates.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.34966

Cupiennius spiders (Trechaleidae) from southern Mexico: DNA barcoding, venomics, and biological effect
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Padilla-Villavicencio, Montserrat

; Corzo, Gerardo

; Guillén-Navarro, Karina

; Ibarra-Núñez, Guillermo

; Arenas, Iván

; Zamudio, Fernando

; Diego-García, Elia

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2024, Volume 30 elocation e20230098

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Members of the genus Cupiennius Simon, 1891 are categorized as wandering spiders and are part of the family Trechaleidae. The genomics and proteomics of Cupiennius spiders from North America remain uncharacterized. The present study explores for the first time molecular data from the endemic species Cupiennius chiapanensis Medina, 2006, and also presents new data for Cupiennius salei (Keyserling, 1878), both collected in southern Mexico. Methods: In total, 88 Cupiennius specimens were collected from southern Mexico and morphologically identified. DNA was extracted and the mitochondrial COI fragment was amplified. COI sequences were analyzed, and a phylogenetic tree was inferred for species from the Americas. Genetic diversity was analyzed using haplotype networks and gene distances. Venom was obtained from C. chiapanensis and C. salei by electrostimulation. The venom was separated by HPLC, visualized using SDS-PAGE, and quantified for use in toxicity bioassays in mice and insects. Results: Analysis of COI sequences from C. chiapanensis showed 94% identity with C. salei, while C. salei exhibited 94-97% identity with sequences from Central and South American conspecifics. The venom from C. chiapanensis exhibited toxic activity against crickets. Venoms from C. chiapanensis and C. salei caused death in Anastrepha obliqua flies. Analysis of venom fractions from C. salei and C. chiapanensis revealed molecular masses of a similar size as some previously reported toxins and neurotoxic components. We determined the amino acid sequences of ChiaTx1 and ChiaTx2, toxins that are reported here for the first time and which showed toxicity against mice and insects. Conclusion: Our work is the first to report COI-based DNA barcoding sequences from southern Mexican Cupiennius spiders. Compounds with toxic activity were identified in venom from both species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0098

Influence and presumption of the vaccine against Covid-19 in South American families
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Cotrina Cabello, G. G.

; Livia Cristóbal, L. S.

; Pariona Cervantes, D. J.

; Blanco Salcedo, G. A.

; Zevallos, M. L.

; Navarro, L. A.

; Cotrina, N. C.

; Guadalupe, L. E.

; Faustino, C. D. B.

; Rojas Galluffi, J. C.

; Delgado, M. M.

; Huapaya Zavala, F. O.

; Buendia Quispe, B. F.

; Zenteno Ruiz, F. A.

; Alania Ricaldi, P. F.

; Areche, F. O.

; Alejos Patiño, I. W.

; Campos Félix, U.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e281199

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Diante da incerteza quanto à eficácia das vacinas contra a Covid-19 e diante da possibilidade de viver ou morrer, é importante conhecer a percepção e a expectativa de sua aceitação por parte da população. O objetivo principal do presente estudo é analisar a como a vacina contra a Covid-19 é vista pela população estudada e quais são as expectativas que famílias sul-americanas de uma área urbana de Pasco têm em relação a esta vacina. Este é um estudo descritivo, transversal, usando uma amostragem aleatória simples de 197 famílias. Os participantes foram selecionados digitalmente através do contato com uma liderança local e uma pesquisa online foi aplicada com o consentimento prévio dos indivíduos. A análise de regressão logística foi realizada no EPIDAT 4.1 com nível de significância de 5%. Acerca do desejo de se vacinar, é válido enfatizar que há falecimentos de familiares devido ao coronavírus e, portanto, é necessário que a equipe assistencial continue com o trabalho preventivo de incentivo à vacinação para obter resultados favoráveis para toda a população. De acordo com os resultados encontrados no presente estudo, a maioria (100%) dos participantes demonstrou ter uma percepção e expectativa favoráveis sobre a vacina contra a Covid-19 ( X c 2=132,83), com valor-p (0,00).

Abstract Faced with the uncertainty of whether the vaccines against Covid-19 are effective or not and faced with living or dying, it is important to know the perception and expectation of their acceptance. The main aim of the study to analyze the perception and expectation of the vaccine against Covid- 19 that South American families have in an urban area of De Pasco. Descriptive, cross-sectional study, simple random sampling of 197 families. The participants were recruited digitally through a neighborhood leadership and an online survey was applied with prior consent. The logistic regression analysis was performed in EPIDAT 4.1 with a significance level of 5%. Regarding the desire to be vaccinated, it is worth noting that a family member died from the coronavirus, hence the health personnel must continue with the preventive promotional work of vaccination in order to obtain favorable results in the entire population. The majority (100%) have a favorable perception and expectation about the vaccine against Covid- 19 ( X c 2=132.83) and the p-value (0.00); As regards the desire to be vaccinated, it is worth noting having had a family member die from the coronavirus, hence the health personnel must continue with the preventive promotional work of vaccination in order to obtain favorable results in the entire population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.281199

La criptosporidiosis como enfermedad zoonótica, una revisión
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Ramírez-Navarro, Viviana

; Lopera-Vásquez, Ricaurte

; Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Victoria

Agronomía Mesoamericana

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dec 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 elocation 51759

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. Cryptosporidium spp. es un parásito protozoario del grupo de los coccidios, causante de diarreas, trastornos gastroentéricos y respiratorios (baja frecuencia) en diferentes especies de vertebrados a nivel mundial, principalmente en individuos jóvenes. Objetivo. Documentar las características más importantes de virulencia y patogenia del Cryptosporidium spp. así como, la descripción de sus variantes genéticas y su potencial zoonótico. Desarrollo. Existen más de diecinueve especies de Criptosporidium spp., donde se destacan C. parvum (humanos), C. bovis (bovinos), C. suis (porcinos) y C. ubiquitum (aves), debido a su alta capacidad infectiva dada por la diversidad de sus factores de virulencia. El parásito posee afinidad por los enterocitos y genera anomalías en la absorción y funciones secretoras del intestino. La criptosporidiosis varía en función del estado del huésped (edad, nutrición e inmunología), la fuente de contaminación (agua o ingesta), transmisión e higiene. Existen técnicas de diagnóstico, desde pruebas coproscópicas convencionales hasta pruebas de biología molecular. Conclusión. Factores como la variabilidad y los factores de virulencia del Cryptosporidium spp, se consideran mecanismos que favorecen la infección y dispersión del parasito a nivel individual y grupal en humanos y animales domésticos, al igual que la complejidad del ciclo de vida, la resistencia a condiciones ambientales, la capacidad infectiva y la interacción con el huésped consolidan al Cryptosporidium spp. como un agente zoonótico con efectos económicos importantes.

Abstract Introduction. Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan parasite belonging to the group of coccidia, causing diarrhea, gastroenteric, and respiratory disorders (less frequently) in different vertebrate species worldwide, primarily in young individuals. Objective. To document the most important virulence and pathogenic characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp., as well as the description of its genetic variants and its zoonotic potential. Development. There are more of 19 species of Cryptosporidium spp., with C. parvum (humans), C. bovis (cattle), C. suis (swine), and C. ubiquitum (birds) being noteworthy due to their high infectivity capacity, given by the diversity of their virulence factors. The parasite has an affinity for enterocytes and causes abnormalities in the intestinal absorption and secretory functions. Cryptosporidiosis varies depending on the host's status (age, nutrition, and immunity), the source of contamination (water or ingestion), transmission, and hygiene. Diagnostic techniques range from conventional coproscopic tests to molecular biology tests. Conclusion. Factors such as the variability and virulence factors of Cryptosporidium spp. are considered mechanisms that favor the infection and spread of the parasite at an individual and group level in humans and domestic animals, as well as the complexity of its life cycle, resistance to environmental conditions, the infective capacity, and host interaction consolidate Cryptosporidium spp. as a zoonotic agent with significant economic effects.

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.2023.51759

10.

Evaluation of an automatized AMBU ESSI-1 INC designed at the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez
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Abundes-Velasco, Arturo Sánchez-Pérez, Efraín Jiménez-Rodríguez, Gian M. Molina-Méndez, Francisco J. Herrera-Elizalde, Rafael Pulido-Zamudio, Tomás Álvarez-Rosales, Humberto Villegas-Juache, Juan Aceves-Díaz-González, Sebastián Parra-Rodríguez, David A. Cruz-Enríquez, Francisco J. Cobos-Reyes, Farid A. Aguilar-Torres, Eduardo A. Islas-Navarro, Enid A. Nuñez-Gómez, José C. Peña-Duque, Marco A.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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dec 2023, Volume 93 N. 4 Pages 391 - 397

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar un dispositivo automatizado para la asistencia ventilatoria basado en un AMBU manufacturado en Marzo del 2020. Métodos: El ESSI-1 INC fue evaluado por medio de parámetros fisiológicos y mecánica pulmonar a través de pruebas de espirómetro compensatorios (TISSOT); pulmón artificial (Modelo 5600i Dual Adult PNEU VIEW SYSTEM); así como su desempeño comparado a la máquina de anestesia (AEONMED 7500) en modelos porcinos, midiendo criterios ventilatorios, hemodinámicos y gasométricos. Resultados: Este equipo (ESSI-1 INC) fue exitosamente probado por modelos mecánicos y biológicos, tales como cerdos donde su desempeño fue evaluado en términos de la variabilidad del volumen tidal, frecuencia ventilatoria, y relación I/E versus el desempeño manual de dos médicos. Todos los resultados finalizaron como se esperaba de forma satisfactoria. Conclusiones: Es un equipo seguro y efectivo, el cual debería ser probado y usado en distintas condiciones clínicas para estandarizar la seguridad ventilatoria y cuidado de pacientes que lo requieran.

Abstract Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate an automated device for ventilatory support based on AMBU manufactured in March 2020. Methods: The ESSI-1 INC was evaluated through pulmonary mechanics and physiology parameters through compensatory spirometer tests (TISSOTs), and an artificial lung Model5600i Dual Adult PNEU VIEW SYSTEM; it was also compared to the anesthetic ventilatory support equipment (AEONMED 7500) in porcine models, measuring ventilatory, hemodynamic and gasometric parameters. Results: This equipment (ESSI-1 INC) was successfully tested by mechanical and biological models, such as pigs in which its performance was evaluated in terms of variability of tidal volume, ventilation frequency, and I/E relationship versus the manual performance of two medical interns. All the results turned out as expected and were satisfactory. Conclusions: It is safe and effective equipment and should be tested and used in diverse clinical conditions to standardize the ventilatory safety and care of patients who require it.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.2200004

11.

Rol de la laparoscopia en el manejo del síndrome OHVIRA: reporte de un caso y su relación con la endometriosis
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Neira, Bárbara C. Navarro-Plazaola, Natalia Díaz-Eris, Andrea Norambuena-Narváez, Constanza Hoveling-Schindler, Andrea von Avilés-Dorlhiac, Raimundo

Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología

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dec 2023, Volume 88 N. 6 Pages 397 - 401

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome is caused by a defect in the development of Müllerian and Wolffian ducts at fetal life. The syndrome is uncommon, with a reported prevalence of 1/2,000 to 1/28,000 cases. Endometriosis is present in 19% of cases complicating this pathology. Treatment of OHVIRA syndrome consists in resecting the vaginal septum and draining the hematocolpos. Until now there isn’t an agreement on recommending diagnostic laparoscopy as part of the treatment. The aim of this study is to report the importance of diagnostic/therapeutic laparoscopy in the management of OHVIRA syndrome.

Resumen El síndrome de hemivagina obstruida y anomalía renal ipsilateral (OHVIRA) es producido por una alteración en el desarrollo de los conductos de Müller y Wolff en la vida fetal. El síndrome es poco frecuente, se reporta una prevalencia de 1/2.000 a 1/28.000 casos. La endometriosis se presenta en un 19% de los casos complicando esta patología. El tratamiento del síndrome OHVIRA consiste en resecar el tabique vaginal drenando el hematocolpos. Hasta el momento no existe un consenso en recomendar la realización de una laparoscopia diagnóstica. El objetivo de este estudio es reportar la eventual importancia de la laparoscopia diagnóstica/terapéutica como parte del manejo del síndrome OHVIRA.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rechog.23000037

12.

Hydroponic coriander grown under nutritional solutions prepared with brackish water of different cation prevalence
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Navarro, Franz E. C.

; Silva, Ivis A. C. e

; Santos Júnior, José A.

; Oliveira, Tarcísio F. de

; Silva, Gerônimo F. da

; Silva, Ênio F. de F. e

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2023, Volume 27 N. 9 Pages 736 - 745

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O uso de águas salobras no preparo de soluções nutritivas tem diferentes impactos no desempenho das culturas, dependendo da concentração e prevalência catiônica da água. Portanto, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a produção e as relações hídricas do coentro cultivado em soluções nutritivas preparadas com águas salobras de diferentes naturezas catiônicas em condições hidropônicas. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos ao acaso, analisado em esquema fatorial 4 × 3, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva (1,6; 3,2; 4,8 e 6,4 dS m-1) que foram preparadas em águas salinizadas com diferentes sais (NaCl; CaCl2.2H2O e MgCl2.6H2O). A salinidade afetou negativamente a produção e as relações hídricas do coentro cultivado em sistema hidropônico; verificou-se que as plantas submetidas às soluções nutritivas com predominância de Na+ tiveram maior produção de massa seca total e massa seca da parte aérea, bem como maior gs; assim como a maior área foliar foi obtida utilizando solução nutritiva com predominância de Mg2+. culturas água Portanto hidropônicas acaso 3 repetições 1,6 16 1 6 (1,6 3,2 32 2 48 8 4, 64 6, m1 m m-1 NaCl (NaCl CaCl22H2O CaClHO CaCl2 2H2O CaCl H MgCl2.6H2O. MgCl26H2O MgClHO MgCl2.6H2O . MgCl2 6H2O MgCl MgCl2.6H2O) hidropônico verificouse verificou se Na aérea gs Mg2 Mg Mg2+ 1, (1, m- HO (1 (

ABSTRACT The use of brackish water for preparation of nutrient solutions has several impacts on crop performance, depending on the water concentration and cation prevalence. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate production and water relations of coriander grown on nutrient solutions prepared with brackish waters with different cationic natures under hydroponic conditions. A randomized block experimental design with four replicates was used, in a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of four electrical conductivities of the nutrient solution (1.6, 3.2, 4.8, and 6.4 dS m-1) which were prepared in waters with different salts (NaCl, CaCl2.2H2O, and MgCl2.6H2O). Salinity negatively affected the production and water relations of coriander grown in hydroponic system; plants grown on nutritive solutions with predominance of Na+ had higher total dry weight and shoot dry weights, as well as higher stomatal conductance. The largest leaf area was found when using the nutrient solution with predominance of Mg2+. performance prevalence Therefore conditions used arrangement 1.6, 16 1 6 (1.6 32 2 3.2 48 8 4.8 64 6. m1 m m-1 NaCl, NaCl (NaCl CaCl22H2O CaClHO CaCl2 2H2O CaCl H O CaCl2.2H2O MgCl2.6H2O. MgCl26H2O MgClHO MgCl2.6H2O . MgCl2 6H2O MgCl MgCl2.6H2O) system Na weights conductance Mg2 Mg Mg2+ 1.6 (1. 3. 4. m- HO 1. (1 (

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n9p736-745

13.

Analysis of the Internal and External Morphology of the Mandibular First Molar in a Chilean Sub-Population Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
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Matus, D Arias, A Navarro, P Betancourt, P

International Journal of Morphology

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aug 2023, Volume 41 N. 4 Pages 1089 - 1094

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: The mandibular first molar (MFM) commonly presents two roots with two canals in the mesial root and one or two canals in the distal root. However, morphological variations have been described in different populations, which must be considered when planning endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the internal and external morphology of the MFM in a Chilean sub-population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. An in vivo cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study was conducted using CBCT exams from 351 right and left MFM. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using the Chi- Square test for categorical variables, Fisher’s exact test, the Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test for two independent samples, and the Wilcoxon non-parametric test for related samples. Of the total sample, 1 root was observed in 2.27 % of the cases, 2 roots in 93.73 %, and 3 roots in 4 %. In relation to the number of canals, 71.23 % of the MFM showed 3 root canals, 16.81 % 4 canals, 9.69 % 2 canals, and 2.28 % 1 canal. Of all the studied cases, 2.3 % had a C-shaped anatomy. In terms of morphology, using Zhang’s classification, variant 3 was observed in 71.23 %, variant 4 in 12.82 %, variant 1 in 9.67 %, variant 6 in 4 %, and variant 8 in 2.28 %. In conclusion, the morphology of the MFM is variable in a Chilean sub-population, and these variations must be considered before and during endodontic therapy. CBCT proved to be an effective tool for the in vivo study of tooth morphology.

RESUMEN: El primer molar mandibular (MFM) comúnmente presenta dos raíces con dos canales en la raíz mesial y uno o dos canales en la raíz distal. Sin embargo, se han descrito variaciones morfológicas en distintas poblaciones, las que se deben tener en consideración al momento de planificar el tratamiento endodóntico. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la morfología interna y externa del MFM en una sub población chilena mediante el uso de imágenes de tomografía computarizada Cone Beam (CBCT). Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional in vivo empleando exámenes CBCT de 351 MFM tanto derechos como izquierdos. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva empleando la prueba Chi-Cuadrado para variables categóricas, el test exacto de Fisher, la prueba no paramétrica de U-Mann-Whitney para dos muestras independientes y la prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon para muestras relacionadas. Del total de la muestra se observó 1 raíz en un 2.27 % de los casos, 2 raíces en 93.73 % y 3 raíces en un 4 %. En relación al número de canales un 71.23 % de los MFM mostraron 3 canales radiculares, un 16.81 % 4 canales, un 9.69 % 2 canales y un 2.28 % 1 canal. Del total de los casos estudiados un 2.3 % se presentó anatomía en forma de C. En relación a la morfología, empleando la clasificación de Zhang, se observó en un 71.23 % la variante tipo 3, en un 12.82 % la variante tipo 4, en un 9.67 % la variante tipo 1, en un 4 % variante tipo 6 y en un 2,28 % variante tipo 8. En conclusión, la morfología del MFM es variable en una subpoblación chilena y estas variaciones deben ser consideradas antes y durante la terapia endodóntica. El CBCT demostró ser una herramienta eficaz para el estudio in vivo de la morfología dentaria.

14.

Spatial analysis of leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in the canine population in an area of socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability
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Belaz, L.D.

; Santana, C.F.S.

; Victória, C.

; Pantoja, J.C.F.

; Freitas, J.C.

; Navarro, I.T.

; Pereira, M.R.

; Arabe Filho, M.F.

; Oliveira, L.M.

; Paes, A.C.

; Ribeiro, M.G.

; Megid, J.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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jul 2023, Volume 75 N. 4 Pages 623 - 632

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis are zoonoses of occupational character that are spread worldwide, mainly in tropical and socioeconomically vulnerable areas. Both diseases have vertebrate hosts, which spread the infectious agent to the environment and are potentially infectious to humans and can progress to fatal cases. The present study reinforces the importance of One Health for the control and prophylaxis of leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis using sentinel animals in areas of socioeconomic vulnerability based on a serological study. A total of 336 blood samples were obtained from the canine population of the urban district, which has high rates of poverty and sanitation. The results were analyzed based on seroreactivity animals and georeferencing by kernel spatial mapping. A total of 43.3% (52/120) of the animals were seroreagents for anti-Leptospira spp., with a predominance of Canicola (35/52 = 67.3%) and Pyrogenes (5/52 = 9.6%), while 52.97% (178/336) of the dogs were seroreactive for anti-Toxoplasma gondii. The presence of seroreagent dogs for both zoonosis alert to the inadequate hygienic-sanitary conditions of the studied region, and highlight the importance of a survey of the social, economic and environmental structure to identify factors related to the links in the epidemiological chain of pathogen transmission and necessary corrective actions.

RESUMO Leptospirose e toxoplasmose são zoonoses de caráter ocupacional disseminadas mundialmente, principalmente em áreas tropicais e socioeconomicamente vulneráveis. Ambas as doenças têm hospedeiros vertebrados, que espalham o agente infeccioso para o meio ambiente e são potencialmente infecciosos para o homem, as quais podem evoluir para casos fatais. O presente estudo reforça a importância da saúde única para o controle e a profilaxia da leptospirose e da toxoplasmose, mediante a utilização de animais sentinela em áreas de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, com base em estudo sorológico. Um total de 336 amostras de sangue foi obtido da população canina de um distrito urbano que apresenta altos índices de pobreza e ausência de saneamento básico. Os resultados foram analisados com base em animais sororreagentes e georreferenciados por mapeamento espacial de Kernel. Um total de 43,3% (52/120) dos animais foi sororreagente para anti-Leptospira spp., com predominância de Canicola (35/52 = 67,3%) e Pirogenes (5/52 = 9,6%), enquanto 52,97% (178/336) dos cães foram sororreagentes para anti-Toxoplasma gondii. A presença de cães sororreagentes para ambas as doenças alerta para as condições higiênico-sanitárias inadequadas da região estudada e evidencia a importância de um levantamento da estrutura social, econômica e ambiental para identificar fatores relacionados aos elos da cadeia epidemiológica de transmissão do patógeno e ações corretivas necessárias.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12817

15.

A Modified Radiopropagation Multipath Model for Constant Refractivity Gradient Profiles
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Parada, D.

; Rego, C. G.

; Guevara, D.

; Navarro, A.

; Ramos, G. L.

; Oliveira, R.

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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jun 2023, Volume 22 N. 2 Pages 298 - 312

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This paper presents a radiopropagation algorithm based on a Ray Tracing (RT) technique that combines a modified multipath model for constant refractivity gradient profiles and the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD). A novel formulation is proposed by the authors for calculation and ground-reflection analysis of ray paths depending on atmospheric refractivity. The algorithm introduced herein was evaluated in a mixed scenario and in two more realistic case studies, under conditions of constant refractivity gradient and lossy terrain profiles. Pathloss results are obtained and compared with Parabolic Equation (PE) numerical solution results at 2.0 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5.4 GHz. In such conditions, the modified radiopropagation multipath algorithm with atmospheric refractivity introduced herein showed satisfactory results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742023v22i2272846

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aff_country	country code of the author's affiliation
aff_institution	author affiliation institution
volume	article volume
issue	article issue
elocation	elocation
doi	DOI number
issn	journal ISSN
in	SciELO colection code (e.g. scl - Brasil, col - Colômbia)
use_license	article usage license code

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