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ABSTRACT Objective To analyze vaccine hesitancy associated factors and repercussions on vaccination coverage. Methods Cohort of children born in 2017-2018, living in Brazilian state capitals, Federal District (FD), and 12 inner region cities, stratified by socioeconomic level. National Vaccination Coverage Survey (2020) data on hesitancy, access and programmatic difficulties were obtained by interview and coverage was calculated from vaccination card dose and date records. Results 37801 children were studied, 31001 in the capitals/FD, 6800 in the inner cities. Hesitation between 38.8(95%CI 33.6;44.4) and 57.9(95%CI 54.1;61.6) in high versus low stratum; 64.1(95%CI 58.9;68.9) to 41.7(95%CI 38.4;45.8) among mothers with <8 years of schooling versus 16 years or more; 42.1(95%CI 38.2;46.2) to 55.0(95%CI 52.0;54.7) among private service users versus public service only users. Coverage: full=7.2(95%CI 1.0;38.3); 25.3(95%CI 18.7;33.3) for hesitant people; and 44.7(95%CI 43.0;46.4) for the remainder. Conclusion High vaccine hesitancy in several groups affecting vaccination coverage and hindering vaccination target achievement. Access problems and programmatic difficulties contribute to low coverage. 20172018, 20172018 2017 2018, 2018 2017-2018 capitals FD, FD , (FD) 1 cities level 2020 (2020 records 3780 studied 3100 capitalsFD capitals/FD 680 38.895%CI 38895CI CI 38.8 95%CI 38 8 95 33.644.4 336444 33.6 44.4 33 6 44 4 33.6;44.4 57.995%CI 57995CI 57.9 57 9 54.161.6 541616 54.1 61.6 54 61 54.1;61.6 stratum 64.195%CI 64195CI 64.1 64 58.968.9 589689 58.9 68.9 58 68 58.9;68.9 41.795%CI 41795CI 41.7 41 7 38.445.8 384458 38.4 45.8 45 38.4;45.8 < more 42.195%CI 42195CI 42.1 42 38.246.2 382462 38.2 46.2 2 46 38.2;46.2 55.095%CI 55095CI 55.0 55 0 52.054.7 520547 52.0 54.7 52 52.0;54.7 full=7.295%CI full7295CI fullCI full=7.2 full 1.038.3 10383 1.0 38.3 3 1.0;38.3) 25.395%CI 25395CI 25.3 25 18.733.3 187333 18.7 33.3 18 18.7;33.3 people 44.795%CI 44795CI 44.7 43.046.4 430464 43.0 46.4 43 43.0;46.4 remainder achievement 2017201 201 2017-201 (FD 202 (202 378 310 895 388 38. 95CI 644 33.644. 33644 336 33. 444 44. 33.6;44. 995 579 57. 5 161 54.161. 54161 541 54. 616 61. 54.1;61. 195 641 64. 968 58.968. 58968 589 58. 689 68. 58.9;68. 795 417 41. 445 38.445. 38445 384 458 45. 38.4;45. 421 42. 246 38.246. 38246 382 462 46. 38.2;46. 095 550 55. 054 52.054. 52054 520 52. 547 52.0;54. 295 full72 full=7. 038 1.038. 1038 10 1. 383 1.0;38.3 395 253 25. 733 18.733. 18733 187 18. 333 18.7;33. 447 046 43.046. 43046 430 43. 464 43.0;46. 201720 20 2017-20 (20 37 31 89 33.644 3364 33.6;44 99 54.161 5416 54.1;61 19 96 58.968 5896 58.9;68 79 38.445 3844 38.4;45 24 38.246 3824 38.2;46 09 05 52.054 5205 52.0;54 29 full7 full=7 03 1.038 103 1.0;38. 39 73 18.733 1873 18.7;33 04 43.046 4304 43.0;46 20172 2017-2 (2 33.64 33.6;4 54.16 54.1;6 58.96 58.9;6 38.44 38.4;4 38.24 38.2;4 52.05 52.0;5 full= 1.03 1.0;38 18.73 18.7;3 43.04 43.0;4 2017- ( 33.6; 54.1; 58.9; 38.4; 38.2; 52.0; 1.0;3 18.7; 43.0; 1.0;

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar fatores associados à hesitação vacinal e repercussões nas coberturas vacinais. Métodos Utilizou-se coorte de crianças nascidas em 2017 e 2018, residentes nas capitais brasileiras, no Distrito Federal e em 12 cidades do interior, estratificadas por nível socioeconômico. Dados do Inquérito Nacional de Cobertura Vacinal de 2020 sobre hesitação, acesso e dificuldades programáticas foram obtidos por entrevistas e coberturas, calculadas com doses e datas da caderneta. Resultados Foram estudadas 37.801 crianças, sendo 31.001 nas capitais e no Distrito Federal e 6.800 no interior. Hesitação entre 38,8 (IC95% 33,6;44,4) e 57,9 (IC95% 54,1;61,6) estrato alto versus baixo; 64,1 (IC95% 58,9;68,9) a 41,7 (IC95% 38,4;45,8) mães com até 8 anos de escolaridade versus 16 anos ou mais; 42,1 (IC95% 38,2;46,2) e 55,0 (IC95%52,0;54,7) usaram serviços privados versus usaram serviços públicos. Cobertura completa 7,2 (IC95% 1,0;38,3) e 25,3 (IC95% 18,7;33,3) nos hesitantes e 44,7 (IC95% 43,0;46,4) nos demais. Conclusão A hesitação vacinal alta em vários grupos afeta as coberturas vacinais e prejudica o alcance das metas de vacinação. Problemas de acesso e dificuldades programáticas concorrem para baixas coberturas. Utilizouse Utilizou se 201 2018 brasileiras 1 interior socioeconômico 202 caderneta 37801 37 801 37.80 31001 31 001 31.00 6800 6 800 6.80 388 38 38, IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 33,644,4 336444 33,6 44,4 33 44 4 33,6;44,4 579 57 9 57, 54,161,6 541616 54,1 61,6 54 61 54,1;61,6 baixo 641 64 64, 58,968,9 589689 58,9 68,9 58 68 58,9;68,9 417 41 7 41, 38,445,8 384458 38,4 45,8 45 38,4;45,8 mais 421 42 42, 38,246,2 382462 38,2 46,2 2 46 38,2;46,2 550 55 0 55, IC95%52,054,7 IC95520547 IC95%52,0 54,7 52 (IC95%52,0;54,7 públicos 72 7, 1,038,3 10383 1,0 38,3 3 1,0;38,3 253 25 25, 18,733,3 187333 18,7 33,3 18 18,7;33,3 447 44, 43,046,4 430464 43,0 46,4 43 43,0;46,4 demais vacinação 20 3780 80 37.8 3100 00 31.0 680 6.8 IC9 (IC9 644 33,644, 33644 336 33, 444 33,6;44, 5 161 54,161, 54161 541 54, 616 61, 54,1;61, 968 58,968, 58968 589 58, 689 68, 58,9;68, 445 38,445, 38445 384 458 45, 38,4;45, 246 38,246, 38246 382 462 46, 38,2;46, 054 IC95%52,054, IC9552054 IC95520 IC95%52, 547 (IC95%52,0;54, 038 1,038, 1038 10 1, 383 1,0;38, 733 18,733, 18733 187 18, 333 18,7;33, 046 43,046, 43046 430 43, 464 43,0;46, 378 37. 310 31. 6. (IC 33,644 3364 33,6;44 54,161 5416 54,1;61 96 58,968 5896 58,9;68 38,445 3844 38,4;45 24 38,246 3824 38,2;46 05 IC95%52,054 IC955205 IC9552 IC95%52 (IC95%52,0;54 03 1,038 103 1,0;38 73 18,733 1873 18,7;33 04 43,046 4304 43,0;46 33,64 33,6;4 54,16 54,1;6 58,96 58,9;6 38,44 38,4;4 38,24 38,2;4 IC95%52,05 IC955 IC95%5 (IC95%52,0;5 1,03 1,0;3 18,73 18,7;3 43,04 43,0;4 33,6; 54,1; 58,9; 38,4; 38,2; (IC95%52,0; 1,0; 18,7; 43,0; (IC95%52,0 (IC95%52, (IC95%52 (IC95%5

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222024v33e20231097.especial2.en

Experiência de reforma curricular com participação da comunidade acadêmica e ensino baseado em competências
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Munhoz, Gabriel Simões

; Klautau, Giselle Burlamaqui

; Cury, Adriano Namo

Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica

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2023, Volume 47 N. 3 elocation e083

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Introdução: Repensar os processos de ensino-aprendizagem é tarefa contínua dentro da escola médica, devendo haver aplicação das melhores evidências. Embora as necessidades de mudanças sejam amplamente conhecidas, os meios para realizá-las não o são. Por isso, este relato objetiva descrever a metodologia utilizada por uma faculdade tradicional do ensino em medicina durante seu processo de reforma curricular, o qual contou com a participação ativa da comunidade acadêmica. Relato de experiência: Para a reforma da matriz, foi nomeada uma comissão composta por alunos, docentes e funcionários. Seguindo os princípios do Design Thinking, organizaram-se os conhecimentos prévios e estruturaram-se os processos de escuta dos diferentes sujeitos. Optou-se por desenvolver uma matriz baseada em competências, com disciplinas integradas horizontalmente e priorização de atividades práticas, de modo a permitir uma redução da carga horária global do curso. As reformas implementadas exigiram alterações institucionais complexas para além da matriz, como a mudança da cultura avaliativa, a implementação do portfólio e outras questões de currículo oculto. Discussão: Superou-se o desafio de criar processos flexíveis e sustentáveis porque a comunidade foi capacitada para colaborar na gestão do ensino. Para além de coordenadores e diretores, todos os agentes do processo de aprendizagem devem ser reunidos de forma horizontal com participação ativa na proposição de mudanças. Barreiras e distanciamentos em relação à literatura podem ser enfrentados, devendo-se admitir as limitações para preservar identidades próprias e garantir projetos viáveis. Conclusão: A formação de profissionais competentes é o objetivo dos currículos em medicina, que devem ser revistos continuamente. A reforma descrita permitiu o fortalecimento de vínculos com a comunidade, entregando um projeto representativo e adequado à realidade específica. Resumo Introdução ensinoaprendizagem médica evidências conhecidas realizálas realizá las são isso curricular acadêmica experiência alunos funcionários Thinking organizaramse organizaram se estruturaramse estruturaram sujeitos Optouse Optou competências práticas curso avaliativa oculto Discussão Superouse Superou diretores enfrentados devendose viáveis Conclusão continuamente específica

Abstract: Introduction: Rethinking the teaching-learning process is a continuous task in medical training, with the constant requirement of applying the best evidence. Although the needs for change are widely known, the means to carry them out are not. Therefore, this report aims to describe the methodology used by a traditional medical school during its curricular reform process, which had the active participation of the academic community. Experience: A committee for curricular reform was appointed, including students, academic and professional staff. Following the principles of Design Thinking, prior knowledge was organized and listening processes were structured. A competency-based matrix was developed, with horizontally integrated disciplines and prioritization of practical activities, allowing for reduced total class hours of the course. The implemented reforms required complex institutional changes beyond the matrix, such as changing the evaluative culture and the implementation of the portfolio, in addition to other hidden curricular issues. Discussion: The challenge of creating flexible and sustainable processes seems to be overcome by empowering the community to collaborate with the educational management. In addition to coordinators and directors, all agents of the learning process must be brought together horizontally with active participation in proposing changes. Barriers and distances in relation to literature can be faced, and limitations must be admitted in order to preserve appropriate identities and guarantee viable projects. Conclusion: Training competent professionals is the goal of curricula, which must be continually reviewed. The reform described allowed for the strengthening of ties between the community, delivering a representative project that was adequate to the specific reality. Abstract Introduction teachinglearning teaching training evidence known not Therefore Experience appointed students staff Thinking structured competencybased competency based developed activities course portfolio issues Discussion management directors faced projects Conclusion curricula reviewed reality

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v47.3-2022-0380

Protocol for the Request of Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Elderly Patients with Suspected Osteoarthritis: Reduction in Test Requests and Impact on Management and Diagnosis
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Arliani, Gustavo Gonçalves

; Vergara, Juliana Munhoz

; Mesquita Júnior, Isaias Duarte

; Oliveira, Victor Otávio

; Lara, Paulo Henrique Schmidt

; Ferreira, Gabriel Ferraz

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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jun 2022, Volume 57 N. 3 Pages 409 - 414

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver um protocolo, baseado em evidências, para guiar a solicitação de exames de ressonância magnética (RM) em pacientes idosos com suspeita de osteoartrose do joelho e avaliar a sua eficácia após implementação. Métodos O protocolo institucional foi desenvolvido após revisão da literatura durante o primeiro semestre do ano de 2018. Definiu-se como grupo de controle os pacientes do primeiro semestre de 2018, antes da aplicação/divulgação do protocolo institucional, e o grupo de estudo foi composto por pacientes atendidos no segundo semestre do mesmo ano após a padronização dos pedidos de RM para a suspeita de osteoartrose do joelho. Resultados Nossa amostra contou com 826 pacientes submetidos a RM do joelho, com média de idade de 69,3 anos. Após a implementação do protocolo, houve um decréscimo das solicitações de RM e um aumento no número de solicitações de radiografias (p < 0,001). Após a implementação do protocolo, a RM alterou o diagnóstico ou a conduta do médico em apenas 11,2% dos casos. Conclusão Após a introdução do protocolo, encontrou-se uma redução de 47,5% no número de pedidos de RM do joelho, sendo que a maioria (89%) dos pacientes não tiveram suas condutas ou diagnóstico alterados. Nível de evidência: estudo caso-controle (IIIB).

Abstract Objective To develop an evidence-based protocol to guide magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) requests in elderly patients with suspected knee osteoarthrosis and to evaluate its effectiveness after implementation. Methods The institutional protocol was developed after reviewing the literature during the first semester of 2018. The control group was defined as patients cared for in the first semester of 2018, before the implementation/dissemination of the institutional protocol, and the study group was composed by patients cared for during the second semester of 2018 after the standardization of MRI requests for suspected knee osteoarthrosis. Results Our sample included 826 patients undergoing knee MRI, with a mean age of 69.3 years. Protocol implementation decreased MRI requests and increased radiograph requests (p < 0.001). After the implementation of the protocol, the MRI changed the diagnosis or treatment in only 11.2% of the cases. Conclusion Protocol implementation resulted in a 47.5% reduction in the number of requests for knee MRI, with most (89%) patients with alteration in diagnosis or treatment. Level of evidence: case-control study (IIIB).

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1722576

A fuzzy multicriteria group decision approach for circular business models prioritization
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Arantes, Rafael Ferro Munhoz

; Zanon, Lucas Gabriel

; Calache, Lucas Daniel Del Rosso

; Bertassini, Ana Carolina

; Carpinetti, Luiz César Ribeiro

Production

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2022, Volume 32 elocation e20220019

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Paper aims Presents a new group decision approach for circular business models (CBMs) prioritization based on circular economy (CE) principles and indicators. Originality It was not found in the literature quantitative approaches to indicate which CBMs can be prioritized towards CE implementation. Research method Fuzzy AHP is applied to calculate the weights of the CE principles. Fuzzy TOPSIS is used to rank the CBMs. A pilot application demonstrates the applicability of the proposed approach. Main findings To perform equally on all dimensions of the circularity indicators, recovery by-products have a greater impact on CE implementation. Focusing on economic indicators, Product as a Service and Recovery By-Products should receive priority. Focusing on social indicators, Product as a Service is the most recommended CBM. Implications for theory and practice It was identified the CBMs that are most suitable for performance improvement regarding CE implementation, according to the organization’s dominant CE principles.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6513.20220019

CO-CREATION, VALUE-IN-USE, SATISFACTION, AND SWITCHING COSTS AS ANTECEDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS RETENTION
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Nunes, Guilherme Coelho

; Milan, Gabriel Sperandio

; Eberle, Luciene

; Toni, Deonir De

; Olea, Pelayo Munhoz

Revista de Administração da UFSM

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sep 2021, Volume 14 N. 3 Pages 545 - 567

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo - A pesquisa teve como objetivo propor e validar um Modelo Teórico, com o intuito de compreender como a relação entre clientes (usuários do serviço) e prestadores de serviços pode resultar na retenção de clientes, no contexto do ensino superior. Design/metodologia/abordagem - A pesquisa foi implementada através de uma pesquisa do tipo survey aplicada a 301 alunos de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior sendo que os dados foram analisados por meio da MEE - Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Resultados - Os resultados indicaram que a cocriação de valor impacta na satisfação de clientes e no valor de uso, que a satisfação de clientes impacta nos custos de troca e na retenção de clientes e que os custos de troca impactam na retenção de clientes. Porém, o valor de uso não apresentou impacto significativo na retenção de clientes, contrariando os resultados esperados. Originalidade/valor - Não há um consenso de quais construtos são antecedentes efetivos da retenção de clientes para os mais diversos tipos de serviços. Para suprir esta lacuna, a pesquisa teve como foco validar um Modelo Teórico que contempla os construtos cocriação, valor de uso, construto este ainda pouco investigado, satisfação de clientes e custos de troca como antecedentes da retenção de clientes (alunos) no contexto do ensino superior.

ABSTRACT Purpose - The research aimed to propose and validate a Theoretical Model to understand how the relationship between customers (service users) and service providers might result in customer retention in the higher education context. Design/methodology/approach - The research was implemented through a survey applied to 301 students of a Higher Education Institution, and the data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings - The results indicate that value co-creation impacts customer satisfaction and value-in-use, customer satisfaction impacts switching costs and customer retention, and switching costs impact customer retention. However, value-in-use did not significantly impact customer retention, opposing to the expected results. Originality/value - There is no consensus on which constructs effectively are the antecedents of customer retention for the most diverse types of services. For this reason, this research aimed to validate a Theoretical Model that contemplates the constructs of value co-creation, value-in-use, customer satisfaction, and switching costs as antecedents of customer retention in the higher education context.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465935697 26 downloads

Risk prioritization based on the combination of FMEA and dual hesitant fuzzy sets method
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Calache, Lucas Daniel Del Rosso

; Zanon, Lucas Gabriel

; Arantes, Rafael Ferro Munhoz

; Osiro, Lauro

; Carpinetti, Luiz Cesar Ribeiro

Production

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2021, Volume 31 elocation e20200081

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Paper aims This paper proposes the combination of the quality tool FMEA (Failure Modes Effects and Analysis) with the DHFS (Dual Hesitant Fuzzy sets) technique to process judgements with hesitation and hence conduct the prioritization of failure modes considering a group decision making problem. Originality There are no studies that combine the FMEA tool with the DHFS technique. Research method Firstly, this paper presents a review of the current FMEA literature. Then, the group decision model is presented combining the FMEA and the DHFS. Finally, an illustrative example in the context of supplier failure modes is brought to guide future applications of the proposal. Main findings The paper presents a model that combines the FMEA tool with the DHFS. It allows considering different risk factors weights in a group decision process with experts from several areas. The model is also able to deal with the different types of hesitations present in the judgements. Implications for theory and practice The traditional FMEA does not deal with individual judgments of different decision makers. The new proposal can be easily applied in different contexts of potential failure modes analysis considering different types of hesitation in group decision making, such as medical and humanitarian.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6513.20200081 159 downloads

Jules Bernard Luys: from a description of the subthalamic nucleus to hypnotism
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MEIRA, Alex Tiburtino

; PRODÓSSIMO, Anieli Fagiani

; FROEHNER, Gabriel Sampaio

; FRANKLIN, Gustavo Leite

; DE MENESES, Murilo Sousa

; MUNHOZ, Renato Puppi

; TEIVE, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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dec 2020, Volume 78 N. 12 Pages 811 - 814

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os autores revisam o papel de Jules Bernard Luys na descoberta do núcleo subtalâmico (NST) há mais de 150 anos. As relações da NST com distúrbios do movimento, em particular o hemibalismo e a doença de Parkinson, são bem conhecidas. A vida acadêmica de Jules Bernard Luys pode ser dividida em duas fases: a primeira, um brilhante começo de sua carreira como neuroanatomista, culminando na descoberta do NST, seguido por um segundo período marcado por uma mudança em sua atividade acadêmica, e maior interesse em tópicos como histeria, hipnotismo e finalmente esoterismo.

ABSTRACT The authors review the role of Jules Bernard Luys in the discovery of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) over 150 years ago. The relationships between the STN and movement disorders, particularly hemiballismus and Parkinson’s disease, are well known. The academic life of Jules Bernard Luys can be divided into two periods: a brilliant start as a neuroanatomist, culminating in the discovery of the STN, followed by a second period marked by a shift in his academic activity and an increased interest in topics such as hysteria, hypnotism and, eventually, esotericism.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200116 672 downloads

Evaluation of relationship between hematocrit and lipid profile in adults
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Lopes, Gabriel P. R.

; Munhoz, Marcos A. G.

; Antonangelo, Leila

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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jun 2018, Volume 54 N. 3 Pages 146 - 152

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução e objetivo: Este estudo foi escrito com o objetivo de analisar a relação entre o hematócrito e o perfil lipídico em adultos. Material e método: Utilizou-se uma amostra composta por hemogramas e perfis lipídicos do banco de dados do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo (HCUSP), São Paulo, Brasil. O hematócrito foi organizado em cinco grupos, sendo eles comparados com o colesterol total, o colesterol da lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-C), o colesterol da lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-C) e o colesterol total não HDL (NHDL-C), por meio de análise estatística com os testes de qui-quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: Ambos os testes mostraram correlação relevante entre o hematócrito e o perfil lipídico, considerando um valor de p < 0,05. Além disso, a estatística descritiva forneceu uma visão de que, quanto maior o hematócrito, maior a proporção de indivíduos sem níveis recomendados de cada tipo de colesterol, como colesterol total, LDL-C e NHDL-C. Excepcionalmente, o HDL-C mostrou uma associação inversa em comparação com outras variáveis, com um aumento na proporção dos níveis recomendados juntamente com o aumento do hematócrito. Conclusão: A relação entre o hematócrito e o perfil lipídico em todos os aspectos deste estudo foi mais evidente nas mulheres; no entanto, a maior proporção de níveis não recomendados de HDL-C foi demonstrada nos homens. O transporte reverso de colesterol provavelmente tem um papel importante no aumento dos níveis de colesterol no sangue na presença de hematócrito alto, pela interação do HDL-C e dos eritrócitos. Assim, outros estudos são necessários para elucidar esses achados e descrever mais aspectos sobre o transporte reverso do colesterol e sua relação com o hematócrito e o perfil lipídico.

ABSTRACT Introduction and objective: This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between hematocrit and lipid profile in adults. Material and method: A sample composed of complete blood counts and lipid profiles from the database of Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo (HCUSP), São Paulo, Brazil, was used in the analysis. Hematocrit was organized in five groups that were compared with total cholesterol (TC), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (NHDL-C) and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) by means of chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Both tests showed a relevant correlation between hematocrit and lipid profile, considering a p-value < 0.05. Moreover, descriptive statistics revealed that the higher the hematocrit, the higher the proportion of people without recommended levels of each type of cholesterol, such TC, LDL-C, and NHDL-C. Just HDL-C showed an inverse association compared to the other variables, with an increased proportion of recommended levels along with rising of hematocrit. Conclusion: The relationship between hematocrit and lipid profile in all aspects of this study was more evident in women; nevertheless, the higher proportion of not recommended levels of HDL-C was shown in men. The reverse cholesterol transport probably plays an important role in the increase of cholesterol levels in blood in the presence of high hematocrit, by interaction of HDL-C and erythrocytes. Thus, further studies are necessary to elucidate these findings and to describe more aspects of the reverse cholesterol transport and its relationship with hematocrit and lipid profile.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20180027 2702 downloads

10.

Soil CH4 and N2O Emissions from Rice Paddy Fields in Southern Brazil as Affected by Crop Management Levels: a Three-Year Field Study
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Zschornack, Tiago

; Rosa, Carla Machado da

; Reis, Cecília Estima Sacramento dos

; Pedroso, Gabriel Munhoz

; Camargo, Estefânia Silva

; Santos, Daiane Carvalho dos

; Boeni, Madalena

; Bayer, Cimélio

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2018, Volume 42 elocation e0170306

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Rice yield increases in response to improvements in crop management, but the impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the subtropical region of Southern Brazil remains unknown. A three-year field study was developed aiming to evaluate the impact that an increase in crop management levels (high and very high) has on soil methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, as compared to the level (medium) currently adopted by farmers in Southern Brazil. Differences in crop management included seed and fertilizer rates, irrigation, and pesticide use. The effect of crop management levels on the annual partial global warming potential (pGWP = CH4 × 25 + N2O × 298) ranged from 7,547 to 17,711 kg CO2eq ha−1 and this effect was larger than on the rice grain yield (9,280 to 12,260 kg ha−1), resulting in approximately 60 % higher yield-scaled GHG with the high crop management level compared to the current level. Soil CH4 emissions accounted for 98 % of pGWP in the flooded rice season, whereas N2O prevailed during the drained non-rice season (≈65 %). Although it was impossible to relate emissions to any individual input or practice, soil CH4 emissions in the rice season were linearly related to the biomass produced by the rice crop (p<0.01) and by ryegrass in the previous non-rice season (p<0.1), both of which were possibly related to the supply of labile C for methanogenesis. A future increase in rice yield as a result of the adoption of improved crop management may require additional agricultural practices (e.g., intermittent irrigation) to offset the increased GHG emissions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/18069657rbcs20170306 1451 downloads

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