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Influence of incubation temperature and embryonic motility on the growth of members of Caiman yacare (Daudin, 1802)
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Gomes, L. G.

; Stocco, M. B.

; Sousa, N. P. de

; Martini, A. C.

; Morgado, T. O.

; Spiller, P. R.

; Moreira, L. F. B.

; de Souza, R. L.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e252845

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da temperatura e motilidade embrionária sobre o desenvolvimento esquelético de jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare). Os ovos foram incubados com 90% de umidade e empregou-se a temperatura de 29°C por 45 dias. Após, para a incubação do Grupo I a temperatura continuou em 29°C, mas associou-se à injeção de 4-aminopiridina (29°C-4AP, n = 15) aplicada nos dias 46, 47, 48 e 49, do Grupo II permaneceu em 29°C (n = 14) e do Grupo III elevou-se para 33°C (n = 14). A movimentação foi mensurada através do monitor digital Egg Buddy® nos dias 30, 35, 42, 49, 56 e 60 dias. Aos 60 dias, os embriões foram eutanasiados e coletadas amostras embrionárias. Na análise estatística não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos para o fator temperatura sobre a motilidade embrionária no desenvolvimento esquelético. Em contraste, a motilidade evidenciou diferença estatística no dia 49 para o Grupo I (P < 0,001) e apresentou maiores proporções de nariz e mão. Esses dados demonstraram pela primeira vez que o aumento na motilidade, induzidos farmacologicamente resultam em divergências fenotípicas na proporção de segmentos anatômicos durante a ontogenia pré-natal, podendo alterar efetivamente a adaptação dos animais em ambientes específicos.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate whether skeletal development of the Pantanal Caiman (Caiman yacare) is similarly influenced by temperature variation and controlled increases in embryo motility. All eggs were incubated at 90% humidity and 29 °C for the first 45 days. Thereafter, the incubation temperature was either maintained at 29 °C and embryos were treated with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on days 46, 47, 48, and 49 (Group I, 29 °C 4-AP, n = 15); maintained at 29 °C (n = 14; Group II); or at 33 °C (n = 14, Group III). Embryonic movement was measured using an Egg Buddy® digital monitor on days 30, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 60, at which point embryos were euthanized and samples were collected for analysis. No differences were observed between groups with varying incubation temperatures. In contrast, embryonic motility was greater in embryos treated with 4-AP (P < 0.001) on day 49, and this was associated with higher proportions of snout-vent and hand lengths. This study demonstrates for the first time that pharmacologically induced increases in embryo motility result in phenotypic changes to the proportion of elements during prenatal ontogeny, thereby effectively altering the adaptation of the species to specific environments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.252845 1 downloads

Effects of land cover and air pollution on the risk of preterm births
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Moreira, Tiana C. L.

; Polizel, Jefferson L.

; Réquia, Weeberb J.

; Saldiva, Paulo Hilario Nascimento

; Silva Filho, Demostenes F. da

; Saldiva, Silvia Regina Dias Medici

; Mauad, Thais

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2024, Volume 58 elocation 08

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between gestational age and green areas, urban built areas, and the concentration of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in the city of São Paulo, analyzing the irregular distribution of these areas and pollution levels above the recommended level. METHODS The study population consisted of a cohort of live births from 2012, and data from the Live Birth Information System (Sinasc) of the city of São Paulo were used. Using satellite images and supervised classification, the distribution and quantity of green areas and built areas in the city of São Paulo was obtained, as well as the concentrations of PM2.5. Logistic regressions were used to obtain possible associations. RESULTS The results of the study show that a lower percentage of green areas is significantly associated with a higher chance of preterm births. A higher building density was positively associated with the odds ratio for preterm birth. We did not find any significant associations between air pollution (PM2.5) and preterm births. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that greener areas are less associated with preterm births when compared with less green areas.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Avaliar a associação entre a idade gestacional e as áreas verdes, áreas construídas urbanas e a concentração de material particulado 2,5 (MP2,5) em São Paulo, analisando a distribuição irregular dessas áreas e os níveis de poluição acima do recomendado. MÉTODOS A população utilizada no estudo foi a dos nascidos vivos no ano de 2012, com os dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivo (Sinasc) na cidade de São Paulo. Por meio de imagens de satélites e realizando a classificação supervisionada, obtivemos a distribuição e quantidade de áreas verdes e de áreas construídas, na cidade de São Paulo, assim como as concentrações de MP2,5. Regressões logísticas foram utilizadas para obter possíveis associações. RESULTADOS Os resultados do estudo mostram que menor percentual de áreas verdes está associado significativamente com maior chance de prematuridade. Maior densidade de construção foi associada positivamente com a razão de chance de nascimento prematuro. Não encontramos resultados significativos entre a poluição do ar (MP2,5) e prematuridade. CONCLUSÕES Os resultados deste estudo demostraram que áreas mais verdes em relação às áreas menos verdes são menos associadas a nascimentos prematuros.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2024058005504

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial and Leishmanicidal Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained from Aqueous Extract of Eucalyptus grandis
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Oliveira, Lucas M. F.

; Silva, Ueveton P. da

; Braga, João Pedro V.

; Teixeira, Álvaro V. N. C.

; Ribon, Andréa O. B.

; Varejão, Eduardo V. V.

; Coelho, Eduardo A. F.

; Freitas, Camila S. de

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

; Moreira, Renata P L.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 527 - 536

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220126

Design and Evaluation of Dual Release from Anacardic Acid-Based Polyurea Nanocapsules Components
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Oliveira, Sâmeque N.

; Uchoa, Antonia F. J.

; Moreira, Denise R.

; Petzhold, Cesar L.

; Weiss, Clemens K.

; Landfester, Katharina

; Ricardo, Nágila M. P. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 560 - 570

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Anacardic acid (AA) is a bioactive phytochemical found in the nutshell of Anacardium occidentale, a tropical plant originally from Brazil. In this work, cross-linked anacardic acid nanocapsules (NC) were obtained by interfacial polymerization carried out using the inverse miniemulsion technique with 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI). For this purpose, a functionalized monomer from AA was synthesized for formation of lipase-cleavable ester linkages by coupling of amino acids. The synthesis was planned so that when these ester linkages get exposed to an enzyme, they are broken down and released AA. Furthermore, the N-termini of the coupled amino compounds were used as sites for the polyaddition with TDI at the droplet interface in the inverse miniemulsion. The permeability of the shell was studied on the fluorescent dye, sulforhodamine 101 (SR101), using fuorescence spectroscopy After redispersion in water, the enzymatic cleavage of NC and the release of the SR101 were both monitored in real time. The released AA was proven to be active in vitro against Bacillus subtilis colonies in the bacterial tests. The results indicate that the use of NC is a promising strategy, which can make feasible the application of AA for therapeutic purposes and as nanocarriers for the delivery of active components.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220129

AS CLÁSSICAS HIDRAZONAS COMO REVELADORES DE IMPRESSÕES DIGITAIS: UMA PROPOSTA DE QUÍMICA ORGÂNICA EXPERIMENTAL
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Lima, Nathalia P. K.

; Rosa, Bruno N.

; Poletti, Tais

; Moreira, Bruna C.

; Leitzke, Amanda F.

; Mariotti, Kristiane C.

; Carreño, Neftalí L.V.

; Pereira, Cláudio M. P.

Química Nova

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feb 2023, Volume 46 N. 2 Pages 215 - 221

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

Fingermark dusting powders are an important tool of forensic practitioners, being a first-choice process for most crime scene investigators. The development of new products is of utmost importance for forensic science. Hydrazones comprise compounds derived from ketones or aldehydes in reaction with hydrazines. These reactions are widely studied in organic chemistry because of the versatility of these compounds in organic synthesis. The study of these reactions leads to the understanding of the nucleophilicity of hydrazines, as well as the electrophilicity of aldehydes and ketones. The present work presents one proposal of experimental organic chemistry, aiming at a new application of this classic class of organic substances in forensic chemistry, specifically as a developer of latent fingermarks due to the variations of the color of the compounds, with spectra ranging in a range from 250 to 500 nm. These compounds were identified by Infrared Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry. The development on glass surfaces demonstrated the potential application of these compounds in everyday life situations.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170964

ORBITAL REMOTE SENSING FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF AREAS IRRIGATED WITH A CENTRAL PIVOT SYSTEM
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Moreira, Wendel K. O.

; Maggi, Marcio F.

; Venancio, Luan P.

; Bazzi, Claudio L.

; Santos, Igor S.

Engenharia Agrícola

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2023, Volume 43 N. 1 elocation e20220109

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Irrigated agriculture is considered one of the most important techniques for agricultural production in the world, despite being the sector that uses water resources the most. Thus, technological advances have been constantly developed and applied in the sector as a way to improve water management and reduce its consumption, considering that some cultures are affected by economic costs and feasibilities of production, because the water cost has increased significantly in recent years. Remote sensing is a technology that has provided good results for estimating evapotranspiration (ETr) in producing areas, enabling more efficient irrigation management for low costs. This study aimed to answer the question about how the generation of irrigation management zones (IMZs) can be used to optimize water use and improve irrigation systems and which ETr models are better for it. Three ETr estimation models (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land [SEBAL], Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution and with Internalized Calibration [METRIC] and Simple Algorithm for Evapotranspiration Retrieving [SAFER]) were used to design IMZs in center pivot cultivated with cotton. The design of IMZs with ETr data proved to be a viable alternative, making it possible to improve water management in irrigated systems, reducing costs with viability irrigation for cotton and others cultures. The METRIC method displayed the greatest ease in obtaining the data used in the ETr estimation for generating the IMZs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v43n1e20220109/2023

Organic minerals, tributyrin, and blend of organic acids in the diet of commercial laying hens at the end of production
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Miranda, D. A.

; Moreira, L. F. S.

; de Almeida, A. A.

; Vieira-Filho, J. A.

; M., L. C.

; Valentim, J. K.

; Oliveira, H. F.

; Geraldo, A.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2023, Volume 53 N. 1 Pages 8 - 16

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study aimed to evaluate the responses in performance, egg quality, and health of internal organs of laying hens of Hisex White lineage. The birds were provided with diets supplemented with organic minerals (OM) + tributyrin, associated or not with a mixture of organic acids (benzoic formic, citric, and phosphoric), compared to a control treatment containing zinc bacitracin (28 ppm). In total, 160 laying hens of the commercial Hisex White lineage of 68 w and an average weight of 1.735 ± 0.025 kg were distributed in 40 experimental plots. The study employed a completely randomized design, with five treatments and eight replications/treatment. The experimental period was divided into seven production cycles of 21 days, totalling 147 experimental days. The variables analysed were egg production and loss, feed intake, mean egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion, and internal and external quality variables of eggs. At the end of the experimental period, the final weight of the birds was measured to evaluate the relative weight of liver and kidneys. No significant effect of the treatments on the productive performance and internal and external quality of the eggs was evident. The association of organic minerals with a mixture of organic acids and tributyrin did not influence the productive performance and internal and external quality of the shell of Hisex White laying hens in the period from 68 to 89 weeks of age.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v53i1.02

Partial characterization and anticoagulant activity of sulfated galactan from the green seaweed Halimeda opuntia
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COSTA, BIANCA B.

; GIANELLI, JESSICA L.D.

; MOREIRA, THAMYRIS A.

; SOARES, ANGELICA R.

; GLAUSER, BIANCA F.

; MOURÃO, PAULO A.S.

; D. NETO, CHAQUIP

; BARROS, CINTHIA M.

; CINELLI, LEONARDO P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 2 elocation e20211002

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The number of deaths associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) increases every year, leading to an intense search for new compounds that may be employed as anticoagulants. One of the classes of bioprospected molecules comprises sulfated polysaccharides (SP) from seaweed, as heparin displays many adverse effects associated with its use. The present study aimed to characterize and evaluate the anticoagulant potential of SP extracted from the green algae Halimeda opuntia. Four PS-rich fractions, F23, F44, F60 and F75, were obtained by proteolytic digestion in papain followed by ethanol precipitation. The presence of SP was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis, revealing different populations in each fraction. The F44 fraction is noteworthy compared to the other fractions, presenting a 5% yield compared to the initial algae weight and anticoagulant activity revealed by the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay (intrinsic/common coagulation pathway). Surprisingly, F44 purification (SP peak P1F44) resulted in prothrombin time (PT) activity (extrinsic coagulation pathway) at a 160 µg/mL, in addition to enhanced APTT activity. The P1F44 anticoagulant activity mechanism was shown to be dependent on two coagulations factors, IIa and Xa, more potent via IIa. Future assessments will be performed to assess this fraction in the medical clinic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211002

Real-time PCR quantification and histopathological findings of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in the lungs of pigs slaughtered in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Rodrigues, Odinéa A.F.

; Dias, Elaine F.

; Freitas, Fernanda M.

; Moreira, Wendel F.F.

; Bezerra, Nancyleni P.C.

; Ribeiro, Diego Luiz S.

; Carvalho Neta, Alcina V.

; Abreu-Silva, Ana Lúcia

; Machado, Rosângela Z.

; Ribeiro, Larissa S.S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07233

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Porcine enzootic pneumonia (PES), mainly caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is the main cause of respiratory problems in pigs. Infection by M. hyopneumoniae leads to production losses and the predisposition of affected animals to secondary infections, which may result in the condemnation of carcasses and organs due to lung lesions at the time of slaughter. The objective of the research was to evaluate the infection by M. hyopneumoniae in pigs submitted to slaughter in São Luís Island/MA, using molecular and histopathological diagnostic methods. One hundred fifty lung samples were collected from inspected (n=65) and non-inspected (n=85) slaughter pigs on São Luís Island, Maranhão, from July 2019 to August 2021. Of the 150 DNA samples collected, 121 showed an amplified product for Cyt B in the PCR assay. Thus, 121 samples were submitted to qPCR of M. hyopneumoniae, of which 44 (36.36%) showed positive results. The mean amount of bacterial load ranged from 1.20 × 101 to 7.20 × 104, with a mean of 1.73 × 104 copies. Of the reagent samples, 81.81% (36 samples) were obtained from non-inspected slaughter, while 18.18% (8 samples) were obtained from slaughterhouses. In the histopathological analysis, 44 positive qPCR samples were evaluated, of which 28 (63.63%) presented results compatible with the main inflammatory process associated with the presence of M. hyopneumoniae, that is, bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue hyperplasia (BALT). Three samples that showed the highest bacterial load (qPCR: 5.63 × 10³, 2.19 × 104 and 7.23 × 104) showed more evident lesions in this study. The microscopic findings associated with the quantifications indicated a relationship between the amount of bacterial load and the presence of microscopic lesions; higher bacterial load in lung tissue is associated with increased histopathologic staining for BALT hyperplasia. In conclusion, the results point to the circulation of the etiological agent in the sampled animals and the need for preventive measures on pig farms in Maranhão with the involvement of producers, sanitary defense and inspection agencies.

RESUMO: A pneumonia enzoótica suína (PES), causada principalmente pela bactéria Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, é a principal causa de problemas respiratórios em suínos. A infecção por M. hyopneumoniae leva a perdas produtivas e a predisposição dos animais acometidos a infecções secundárias, o que pode resultar em condenação de carcaças e órgãos por lesões pulmonares no momento do abate. O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a infecção por M. hyopneumoniae em suínos submetidos ao abate na Ilha de São Luís, por meio de métodos diagnósticos moleculares e histopatológicos. Para isso, foram coletadas 150 amostras de pulmão de suínos de abate inspecionado (n=65) e não inspecionado (n=85) na Ilha de São Luís/Maranhão, no período de julho de 2019 a agosto de 2021. Das 150 amostras de DNA coletadas, 121 apresentaram produto amplificado para Cyt B no ensaio de PCR. Assim, 121 amostras foram submetidas à qPCR de M. hyopneumoniae, das quais 44 (36,36%) apresentaram resultados positivos. A quantidade média de carga bacteriana variou de 1,20 × 101 a 7,20 × 104, com média de 1,73 × 104 cópias. Das amostras reagentes, 81,81% (36 amostras) foram obtidas de abate não inspecionado, enquanto 18,18% (8 amostras) foram obtidas em abatedouro. Na análise histopatológica, foram avaliadas 44 amostras positivas para qPCR, das quais 28 (63,63%) apresentaram resultados compatíveis com o principal processo inflamatório associado à presença de M. hyopneumoniae, ou seja, hiperplasia do tecido linfóide associado ao brônquio (BALT). Três amostras que apresentaram maior carga bacteriana (qPCR: 5,63 × 10³, 2,19 × 104 e 7,23 × 104) foram mais evidentes neste estudo. Os achados microscópicos associados às quantificações indicaram uma relação entre a quantidade de carga bacteriana e a presença de lesão microscópica; a maior carga bacteriana no tecido pulmonar está associada a maior alteração histopatológica para hiperplasia BALT. Em conclusão, os resultados obtidos sinalizam para a circulação do agente etiológico nos animais amostrados e a necessidade de medidas preventivas nas criações de suínos do estado do Maranhão com envolvimento dos produtores, órgãos de defesa sanitária e inspeção.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7233

10.

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

11.

Characterization of a new anellovirus species infecting an ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in Brazil
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Cavalcante, Liliane T. F.

; Cosentino, Matheus A. C.

; D’arc, Mirela

; Moreira, Filipe R. R.

; Mouta, Ricardo

; Augusto, Anderson M.

; Troccoli, Fernando

; Soares, Marcelo A.

; Santos, André F.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2023, Volume 46 N. 4 elocation e20230015

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract A complete genome of the first anellovirus infecting the wild felid Leopardus pardalis (ocelot) and a partial genome were assembled and annotated through high-throughput sequencing protocols followed by Sanger sequencing validation. The full-length virus obtained comprises 2,003 bp, while the partial genome comprises 1,224 bp. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these two sequences in two distinct clusters related to previously described Felidae anelloviruses. The ORF1 of the partial genome was identified as a new species provisionally called Torque teno ocelot virus, with 53.6% identity with its sister lineage. The complete genome was inferred as a new representative of the Torque teno felid virus 3 species, with 73.28% identity to the closest reference. This study expands known virus diversity and the host span of anelloviruses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0015

12.

Fungal identification in the air and water of a hemodialysis unit in Brazil
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Calumby, R. J. N.

; Onofre-Cordeiro, N. A.

; Silva, K. W. L.

; Gomes, D. C. S.

; Moreira, R. T. F.

; Araújo, M. A. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e275136

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The presence of fungi in healthcare settings, including hemodialysis units, represents a significant risk for immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of fungi in the air and water of a hemodialysis unit located in a tertiary public hospital in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. Over a period of three consecutive months, monthly air samples were collected and analyzed using the spontaneous sedimentation technique on Petri dishes containing Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Simultaneously, water samples (100 mL) were collected from four specific water distribution points and subjected plating on SDA. Fungi were phenotypically identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. In total, 498 colony-forming units (CFUs) of fungi were isolated, with 86 CFUs originating from the air and 412 CFUs from the water. Regarding the water samples, a higher concentration of fungal CFUs was observed in the potable water from the supply network (229 CFUs). Unexpectedly, 23 CFUs were identified in the reverse osmosis samples and 11 CFUs in the storage tank, which are post-treatment points where the presence of microorganisms is not desired. The fungus Cladosporium spp. was the most prevalent in both air and water samples, followed by Penicillium spp. in the air and Rhodotorula spp. in the water. These findings underscore the need to implement effective control and monitoring measures for fungi in the hemodialysis unit to ensure patient safety.

Resumo A presença de fungos em ambientes de saúde, incluindo unidades de hemodiálise, representa um risco significativo para pacientes imunocomprometidos. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência de fungos presentes no ar e na água de uma unidade de hemodiálise localizada em um hospital público terciário na cidade de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. Ao longo de três meses consecutivos, amostras mensais de ar foram coletadas e analisadas por meio da técnica de sedimentação espontânea em placas de Petri contendo Ágar Sabouraud Dextrose (ASD). Paralelamente, amostras de água (100 mL) foram coletadas em quatro pontos específicos de distribuição de água e submetidas ao plaqueamento por esgotamento em meio ASD. Os fungos foram identificados fenotipicamente por meio de associação de suas características macroscópicas e microscópicas. No total, foram isoladas 498 unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC) de fungos, sendo 86 UFC provenientes do ar e 412 UFC da água. Em relação à água, observou-se uma maior concentração de UFC de fungos na água potável proveniente da rede de abastecimento (229 UFC). Inesperadamente, foram identificados 23 UFC nas amostras da osmose reversa e 11 UFC no reservatório de armazenamento, pontos de pós-tratamento nos quais a presença de microrganismos não é desejada. O fungo Cladosporium spp. foi o mais prevalente tanto no ar quanto na água, seguido por Penicillium spp. no ar e Rhodotorula spp. na água. Esses achados enfatizam a necessidade de implementar medidas eficazes de controle e monitoramento de fungos na unidade de hemodiálise, visando garantir a segurança dos pacientes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275136

13.

Insights into Antarctic microbiomes: diversity patterns for terrestrial and marine habitats microbiomes
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BENDIA, AMANDA G.

; MOREIRA, JULIO CEZAR F.

; FERREIRA, JULIANA C.N.

; ROMANO, RENATO G.

; FERREIRA, IVAN G.C.

; FRANCO, DIEGO C.

; EVANGELISTA, HEITOR

; MONTONE, ROSALINDA C.

; PELLIZARI, VIVIAN HELENA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 3 elocation e20211442

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Microorganisms in Antarctica are recognized for having crucial roles in ecosystems functioning and biogeochemical cycles. To explore the diversity and composition of microbial communities through different terrestrial and marine Antarctic habitats, we analyze 16S rRNA sequence datasets from fumarole and marine sediments, soil, snow and seawater environments. We obtained measures of alpha- and beta-diversities, as well as we have identified the core microbiome and the indicator microbial taxa of a particular habitat. Our results showed a unique microbial community structure according to each habitat, including specific taxa composing each microbiome. Marine sediments harbored the highest microbial diversity among the analyzed habitats. In the fumarole sediments, the core microbiome was composed mainly of thermophiles and hyperthermophilic Archaea, while in the majority of soil samples Archaea was absent. In the seawater samples, the core microbiome was mainly composed by cultured and uncultured orders usually identified on Antarctic pelagic ecosystems. Snow samples exhibited common taxa previously described for habitats of the Antarctic Peninsula, which suggests long-distance dispersal processes occurring from the Peninsula to the Continent. This study contributes as a baseline for further efforts on evaluating the microbial responses to environmental conditions and future changes. cycles S environments alpha betadiversities, betadiversities beta diversities, diversities beta-diversities habitat absent longdistance long distance Continent changes

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211442

14.

Retinopathy of prematurity: risk factors for its development in two neonatal intensive care units in Paraná-Brazil
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Mayer, Sylvia M. F.

; Mazarollo, Larissa K. G.

; Okamoto, Cristina

; Moreira, Luciane

; Hopker, Luisa M.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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aug 2022, Volume 85 N. 4 Pages 364 - 369

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar duas unidades de terapia intensiva neonatais do Paraná e identificar os fatores de risco que levam ao desenvolvimento da retinopatia da prematuridade nestas unidades neonatais. Metodos: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte, prospectivo, com avaliação dos bebês prematuros examinados no período de 12 meses com idade gestacional ≤32 semanas e/ou com peso de nascimento ≤1500 gramas, internados na unidade de cuidados intensivos neonatais do Hospital do Trabalhador e do Hospital infantil Waldemar Monastier, que recebe neonatos transportados das maternidades de todo o estado do Paraná. Resultados: A incidência de retinopatia da prematuridade foi maior no Hospital Infantil Waldemar Monastier, entre os prematuros que necessitaram de transporte do local de nascimento para a unidade de cuidados intensivos (52,2% vs 29,6%), Os fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento da doença foram; Maior número de dias de internamento, baixa idade gestacional ao nascimento, maior tempo de uso de oxigênio, uso de drogas vasoativas, ausência de uso de corticoide pré-natal, presença de hemorragia intracraniana e qualquer tipo de alteração da glicemia. Conclusão: Os cuidados neonatais precoces e o transporte do recém-nascido pré- termo podem influenciar a ocorrência e o prognostico da retinopatia da prematuridade.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Evaluate the patients in two neonatal intensive care units in Paraná/Brazil and identify the risk factors for the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study on premature infants with gestational age ≤32 wk and/or with birth weight ≤1500 g who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Hospital do Trabalhador and Hospital Infantil Waldemar Monastier. These hospitals admit patients referred from other maternity hospitals in the state of Paraná. The study duration was 12 mon. Results: The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was higher in the Hospital Infantil Waldemar Monastier than in the Hospital do Trabalhador for premature infants who needed to be transported from their birthplace to the intensive care unit (52.2% vs. 29.6%). The following risk factors were associated with the development of the disease: longer hospitalization, low gestational age at birth, longer oxygen use, vasoactive drugs use, no antenatal corticosteroids use, intracranial hemorrhage, and any glycemic disorder. Low birth weight was an independent risk factor for the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Conclusion: Early neonatal care and transportation of premature infants may influence the occurrence and prognosis of retinopathy of prematurity.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20220049

15.

Proteína C reactiva y su relación con las complicaciones posoperatorias en cirugía colorrectal electiva
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Moreira Grecco, Alejandro D.

; Zapata, Gonzalo H.

; Montesinos, María F.

; Morales Saifen, Rodrigo

; Flores, Tomás A.

; Sarotto (h), Luis E.

Revista argentina de cirugía

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jun 2022, Volume 114 N. 2 Pages 133 - 144

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Antecedentes: el uso de la proteína C reactiva (PCR) ha adquirido relevancia como identificador de complicaciones posoperatorias La morbilidad en cirugía colorrectal se estima en un 30% de los pacientes operados, lo que demanda medidas para su temprana identificación y terapéutica. Objetivo: describir las curvas de mediciones sucesivas de PCR y su relación con el desarrollo de complicaciones posoperatorias y niveles de glóbulos blancos en una serie de pacientes operados de cirugía colorrectal. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una revisión retrospectiva sobre un registro prospectivo de 2205 pacientes operados por la División de Cirugía Gastroenterológica del Hospital de Clínicas, entre enero de 2019 y julio de 2020. Se incluyeron 69 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Se consignaron datos del seguimiento clínico y dosaje de PCR, recuento de glóbulos blancos, vía de abordaje y desarrollo de complicaciones. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue de 59 años (DS 13,6; rango 33-85), 31 fueron hombres (43%). La tasa de complicaciones fue del 13,04%; más frecuente fue la fístula anastomótica (fístula, colección), seguida por complicaciones de la herida (hematoma, evisceración). Todos los pacientes mostraron un ascenso inicial del valor de PCR entre el 2° y 3er día, en relación con la lesión quirúrgica, los no complicados presentaron una cinética de descenso y los complicados. curvas de segundo ascenso o no descenso en las mediciones seriadas de PCR, y exhibían valores superiores de PCR cada día Se advirtieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los valores de proteína C reactiva al 5° día posoperatorio en el subgrupo de pacientes complicados con respecto a aquellos con un curso indolente (28 mg/dL vs. 6,1 mg/dL, p < 0,001; IC: 11,24-39,61). hubo diferencia significativa al 5o día entre complicados y no complicados, independientemente de la vía de abordaje. con un valor de corte de PCR de 10,92 mg/dL obtuvimos una sensibilidad del 87,50% y una especificidad del 100% para excluir complicaciones. Conclusiones: la medición de la proteína C reactiva de forma seriada en los posoperatorios de cirugía colorrectal mostró un correlato con la identificación temprana de las complicaciones en nuestra serie, tanto en sus valores absolutos diarios como en la cinética de su comportamiento. se formula el uso de valores de corte para el alta segura.

ABSTRACT Background: The use of C-reactive protein (CRP) has gained relevance as a marker of marker of postoperative complications. As the incidence of complications of colorectal surgery is estimated to be of 30%, measures should for their early identification and treatment. Objective: To describe the performance of consecutive CRP determinations and their relationship with the development of postoperative complications and with white blood cell count in a series of patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Materials and methods: A retrospective review was performed using a prospective registry of 2205 patients operated on at the Department of Digestive Surgery of Hospital de Clínicas, between January 2019 and July 2020. A total of 69 patients fulfilling the selection criteria were included. Clinical follow-up data, CRP levels, white blood cell count, type of approach and development of complications were recorded. Results: Mean age was 59 years (SD 13.6; range 33-85) and 31 were men (43%). The complication rate was 13.04%. Anastomotic leak (fistula, fluid collection) was the most common complication, followed by surgical site complications (hematoma, evisceration). All patients showed an initial increase in CRP values between days 2 and 3, in relation with the surgical lesion, and then decreased in those without complications. Patients with complications had second rise or lack of decrease in serial CRP measurements, and higher CRP values each day. There were statistically significant differences between the CRP levels on postoperative day 5 in the subgroup of patients with complications compared with those with an indolent course (28 mg/dL vs. 6.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001; CI: 11.24-39.61). There was a significant difference on day 5 between patients with and without complications, irrespective of the approach. With a cut-off value of CRP of 10.92 mg/dL on postoperative day 5 we obtained a sensitivity of 87.50% and specificity of 100% to rule out complications. Conclusions: Serial determination of CRP in the postoperative period after colorectal surgery was associated with early identification of complications in our series, both in daily absolute values and in the kinetics of its performance. The use of cut-off values for safe discharge is proposed.

https://doi.org/10.25132/raac.v114.n2.1626 146 downloads

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