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Abstract Background: There is controversy regarding the factors that determine a greater risk of severity and complications from COVID-19 in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Likewise, there are limited data on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on hospitalization in this population. Aims: To describe clinical characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 in PLHIV; To assess risk factors for hospitalization; To evaluate the impact of vaccination on hospitalization. Methods: Multicenter, prospective, observational study (September 2020 to June 2022). Clinical and immunovirological variables, antiretroviral treatment (ART), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and hospitalization in PLHIV with COVID-19 were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed examining factors associated with hospitalization using two models: first model (without vaccination) and second model (vaccination, minimum one dose). Results: 1,201 PLHIV were included. The median age was 45 years. 65.3% were men; 38.7% presented comorbidities. 92.8% received ART and 83.1% presented undetectable viral load (VL). The median CD4+ T-cell count was 600/mm3. 95.7% presented symptoms. The rates of hospitalization, ICU admission, oxygen requirement, and death were 17.8 %, 2.8%, 10.7% and 1.39%, respectively. According to the multivariate analysis for the first model, age > 60 years and comorbidities were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization, while female sex and CD4+ > 500/mm3 had a protective effect. In the second model, only the comorbidities were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization, while vaccination and CD4+ > 500/mm3 reduced it. Conclusions: in PLHIV, comorbidities were associated with a higher hospitalization rate, while having elevated CD4+ T-cell counts and being vaccinated had a protective effect. ART and VL had no impact in any model, while age and sex only had an influence when vaccination was not considered.

Resumen Introducción: Existe controversia con respecto a los factores que determinan un mayor riesgo de gravedad y complicaciones por COVID-19 en personas que viven con VIH (PVVIH). Asimismo, hay datos limitados sobre el impacto de la vacunación contra SARS-CoV-2 en la hospitalización en esta población. Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas y evolutivas de COVID-19 en PVVIH; Evaluar factores de riesgo para hospitalización; Evaluar el impacto de la vacunación en la hospitalización. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, multicéntrico (septiembre de 2020 a junio de 2022). Se registraron variables clínicas, inmunovirológicas, tratamiento antirretroviral (TARV), vacunación contra SARS-CoV-2 y hospitalización en PVVIH con COVID-19. Se realizaron análisis uni y multivariados examinando factores asociados a hospitalización utilizando dos modelos: primer modelo (sin vacunación) y segundo modelo (vacunación, mínimo una dosis). Resultados: Se incluyeron 1.201 PVVIH. La mediana de edad fue 45 años. El 65,3% fueron hombres; el 38,7% presentó comorbilidades. Recibía TARV el 92,8% y presentó carga viral (CV) indetectable el 83,1%. La mediana de linfocitos T CD4+ fue de 600 céls/mm3. El 95,7% presentó síntomas. Las tasas de hospitalización, ingreso a UCI, requerimiento de oxígeno y muerte fueron 17,8%, 2,8%, 10,7% y 1,39%, respectivamente. De acuerdo con el análisis multivariado para el primer modelo, la edad > 60 años y las comorbilidades se asociaron a mayor riesgo de hospitalización, mientras que el sexo femenino y un recuento de linfocitos T CD4+ > 500 céls/mm3 tuvieron un efecto protector. En el segundo modelo sólo las comorbilidades se relacionaron con un mayor riesgo de hospitalización mientras que la vacunación y células CD4+ > 500 céls/mm3 la redujeron. Conclusiones: En PVVIH las comorbilidades se asociaron con mayor tasa de hospitalización, mientras que tener linfocitos T CD4+ elevados y estar vacunado tuvieron un efecto protector. El TARV y la CV no tuvieron impacto en modelo alguno mientras que la edad y el sexo solo influyeron cuando no se consideró la vacunación.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182023000300236

Strengthening public health policies for childhood cancer: Peru’s achievements through the WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer
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Maradiegue, Essy

; Pascual, Claudia

; Vasquez, Liliana

; Maza, Ivan

; Ugaz, Cecilia

; Montoya, Jackeline

; Zapata, Arturo

; García, Henry

; Chavez, Sharon

; Ordoñez, Katy

; Rossi, Jonathan

; Diaz, Rosdali

; Morales, Roxana

; Trigoso, Viviana

; Ames, Romy

; Celis, Edinho

; Barzola, Isela

; Torres, Liliana

; Cosme, Melitta

; Tarrillo, Fanny

; Rojas, Ninoska

; Santillan, Carlos

; Quispe, Yuly

; Palacios, Víctor

; Godoy, Victoria

; Tello, Mariela

; Tarco, Duniska

; Wachtel, Antonio

; Malaver, Estela

; Diaz, Elizabeth

; Goyburu, Marlene

; Perez, Vivian

; Talavera, Ivy

; Baca, Maria Edith

; Maza, Mauricio

; Saldaña, Lily

; Holguin, Alexis

; Jarquin, Marta

; Loggetto, Patricia

; Metzger, Monika

; Friedrich, Paola

; Lam, Cath

; Rodriguez Galindo, Carlos

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e132

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo. Relatar o progresso, desde junho de 2019, da implementação da Iniciativa Global da Organização Mundial da Saúde para o Câncer Infantil no Peru, no âmbito do marco CureAll, que pode ser replicado em países de baixa e média renda. Método. Foi utilizado um método misto de avaliação participativa e documental. A avaliação participativa incluiu interessados diretos de diferentes instituições governamentais, organizações sem fins lucrativos e parceiros internacionais. O aspecto documental consistiu em uma revisão de dados sobre o ambiente regulatório, projetos nacionais e intervenções implementadas. O Ministério da Saúde do Peru contou com mais de 150 participantes para a formação de comitês de trabalho, que elaboraram políticas e documentos normativos para fortalecer os serviços de atenção primária à saúde. Resultados. Entre os resultados alcançados estão a redução da taxa nacional de abandono do tratamento, de 18,6% para 8,5%, a aprovação da Lei do Câncer Infantil, melhorias no manejo de pacientes com neutropenia febril e redução nas taxas de deterioração clínica e mortalidade de pacientes hospitalizados. A implementação do CureAll permite que as equipes locais adotem estratégias específicas e monitorem os resultados iniciais em oncologia pediátrica. Conclusões. Os resultados obtidos refletem o trabalho em equipe, a liderança das autoridades, o suporte técnico dos profissionais e o apoio das organizações envolvidas. Serão necessárias mais ações para garantir a sustentabilidade, além de ferramentas de monitoramento para assegurar o sucesso das atividades planejadas.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Informar sobre los avances de Perú en el periodo transcurrido a partir de junio del 2019, en relación con la puesta en práctica de la Iniciativa Global de la Organización Mundial de la Salud contra el Cáncer Infantil utilizando el marco CureAll, que es posible replicar en los países de ingresos bajos y medianos. Métodos. Se utilizó un método mixto de evaluación participativa y documental. En la evaluación participativa intervinieron las partes interesadas de diversas instituciones gubernamentales, organizaciones sin fines de lucro y asociados internacionales. El aspecto documental consistió en un examen de los datos sobre el entorno regulatorio, los proyectos nacionales y las intervenciones llevadas a cabo. El Ministerio de Salud involucró a más de 150 participantes que formaron los comités de trabajo que han elaborado documentos normativos y regulatorios a fin de reforzar los servicios de asistencia. Resultados. Entre los logros cabe citar la disminución del 18,6% al 8,5% de la tasa nacional de abandono del tratamiento, la aprobación de la Ley de Cáncer Infantil, las mejoras en el tratamiento de los pacientes con neutropenia febril y la reducción de las tasas de episodios de deterioro clínico y de mortalidad en los pacientes hospitalizados. El marco de aplicación de CureAll permite que los equipos locales pongan en práctica estrategias específicas y realicen un seguimiento de los resultados iniciales en el ámbito de la oncología pediátrica. Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan el trabajo en equipo, el liderazgo de las autoridades, el respaldo técnico de los profesionales y el apoyo de las organizaciones implicadas. En el futuro, será necesario adoptar nuevas medidas para asegurar su viabilidad, y será preciso contar con herramientas de seguimiento para garantizar el éxito de las actividades planificadas.

ABSTRACT Objective. To report the progress in Peru, since June 2019, in the implementation of the World Health Organization Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer using the CureAll framework, which can be replicated in low- and middle-income countries. Methods. A mixed method was used of participatory and documentary evaluation. The participatory evaluation included stakeholders from various government institutions, nonprofit organizations, and international partners. The documentary aspect consisted of a review of data on the regulatory environment, national projects, and interventions implemented. The Ministry of Health engaged more than 150 participants to form working committees, which have developed policy and regulatory documents to strengthen care services. Results. Achievements include a decrease in the national treatment abandonment rate from 18.6% to 8.5%, the approval of the Childhood Cancer Law, improvements in the management of patients with febrile neutropenia, and a reduction in rates of events of clinical deterioration and mortality of hospitalized patients. The Cure All implementation framework allows local teams to implement specific strategies and monitor early outcomes in pediatric oncology. Conclusions. The results obtained reflect the teamwork, the leadership of the authorities, the technical support of professionals, and the support of involved organizations. Further actions will be needed to guarantee sustainability, and monitoring tools are needed to assure success in the planned activities.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2023.132

Enfermedad por arañazo de gato atípica: compromiso ocular y meníngeo por Bartonella henselae
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Lagala, Yanina I.

; Maydana, Mam N.

; Esposto, Sofía

; Sormani, M. Inés

; Torre, Valeria

; Alancay, Alejandra

; Fagnani, Marcio

; llriarte, Valeria

; García, Mariel K.

; Morales, Juan C. D.

; Sosa, M. Fernanda

; Vinuesa, Marta C.

Archivos argentinos de pediatría

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aug 2022, Volume 120 N. 4 Pages 1 - 10

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2022.e175

Phylogenetic relationships of three endemic and endangered lizard species of Pristidactylus from central Chile based on the cytochrome b
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Correa, Claudio

; Mora, Marta

; Morales, Jesús A.

; Duarte, Milen

; Hoare, Misque

; Ortiz, Juan Carlos

; Garín, Carlos

Gayana (Concepción)

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jun 2022, Volume 86 N. 1 Pages 17 - 21

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Lizards of the genus Pristidactylus distribute in southern South America (Chile and Argentina). In Chile, there are four endemic species (P. alvaroi, P. torquatus, P. valeriae and P. volcanensis) that distribute in the central-south zone of the country. We performed a Bayesian analysis with the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b to assess the phylogenetic position of these four species, which shows that they comprise a high supported clade that is separated from the other species of the genus.

RESUMEN Los lagartos del género Pristidactylus se distribuyen en el sur de América del Sur (Chile y Argentina). En Chile existen cuatro especies endémicas (P. alvaroi, P. torquatus, P. valeriae y P. volcanensis) que se distribuyen en la zona centro-sur del país. Realizamos un análisis bayesiano con el gen mitocondrial citocromo b para evaluar la posición filogenética de estas cuatro especies, el que muestra que ellas comprenden un clado altamente soportado que se separa de las otras especies del género.

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Telematics program of breathing exercises and mindfulness for post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients
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Plaza, Marta de la

; Morales, María Blanco

; Sevilla, Guillermo García Pérez de

; Flor, Ángel Gonzalez de la

; Morales, Carlos Romero

; Rubio, Margarita

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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may 2022, Volume 68 N. 5 Pages 632 - 635

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is an economic, social, and health challenge. During the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown, a telematics platform for respiratory physiotherapy and mindfulness was created, aiming to reduce dyspnea and anxiety and to increase quality of life in post-coronavirus disease 2019 patient. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was performed on post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients, with breathing exercises and mindfulness with remote supervision by a respiratory physiotherapist. Dyspnea on exertion (Mahler Scale), quality of life (EuroQol-5D score), and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire) were measured before and after the rehabilitation program. RESULTS: A total of 20 subjects completed the program, with a significant decrease in the measures of dyspnea on exertion (p<0.001), state anxiety (p=0.004), and trait anxiety (p=0.001) and a significant increase in quality of life (p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Coronavirus disease 2019 should be treated using a multidisciplinary approach that includes respiratory rehabilitation. At present, there are few studies on respiratory rehabilitation and mindfulness in post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients. The results of this study showed that the implementation of breathing exercises and mindfulness with remote supervision was effective in decreasing dyspnea and anxiety and in increasing quality of life in post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients during confinement.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20211336

Endoscopia bajo sueño inducido en la apnea obstructiva del sueño (DISE). Estudio comparativo entre las clasificaciones NOHL y VOTE
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Pérez-Martín, Nuria

; Bosco-Morales, Gabriela

; Morato-Galán, Marta

; Hernández-García, Estefanía

; O'Connor-Reina, Carlos

; Plaza-Mayor, Guillermo

Revista ORL

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mar 2022, Volume 13 N. 1 Pages 19 - 29

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: Introduction and objective: There is no standardized method to express DISE results. Several classifications have been proposed, but none are globally accepted. The objective of this study is to analyze the most used classifications: NOHL and VOTE to assess which of them provides more advantages. Method: A prospective cohort study of 100 patients who underwent DISE was carried out. Three otolaryngologists blindly evaluated the DISE videos and coded the results according to the NOHL and VOTE scales and at what level surgery was indicated. Results: According to the main researcher, in 64% of patients, surgery of only one level was indicated, being the palate the predominant level, followed by a 26% where multilevel surgery was indicated, and in 10% no surgery was indicated. The global agreement to express the DISE results according to the NOHL, VOTE scales regarding the degree of obstruction is moderate / regular at the level of the epiglottis (k = 0.467) and low in the rest of the structures (k = 0.097). Discussion: Although the degree of interobserver agreement is similar in both scales, for VOTE it is slightly higher. Conclusions: DISE is a safe, reproducible and easy to perform test. We recommend the use of the VOTE scale because it has been demonstrated to have a higher degree of interobserver agreement, it is not only the most widely used scale, but also recommended in consensus documents.

RESUMEN: Introducción y objetivo: Varias clasificaciones han sido propuestas para expresar los resultados de la endoscopia bajo sueño inducido ( DISE) en la apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS), pero ninguna está globalmente aceptada. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las clasificaciones más utilizadas: NOHL y VOTE, para valorar cuál de ellas aporta más ventajas. Método: Se diseñó un estudio de cohortes prospectivo de 100 pacientes a los que se les realizó una DISE por AOS. Tres otorrinolaringólogos evaluaron de forma ciega los videos de las DISE y codificaron los resultados de acuerdo a las escalas NOHL y VOTE, anotando qué hallazgos determinaban la indicación de cirugía. Resultados: Según el investigador principal, en un 64% se indicó cirugía de un solo nivel, de estos, el paladar fue el más predominante, en el 26% se indicó cirugía multinivel y en un 10% se desestimó cirugía. La concordancia global para expresar los resultados de la DISE según las escalas NOHL y VOTE, en cuanto al grado de obstrucción es moderada / regular a nivel de la epiglotis (k = 0,467) y baja en el resto de estructuras (k = 0,097). Discusión: A pesar de que el grado de acuerdo interobservador es similar en ambas escalas, para VOTE es ligeramente superior. Conclusiones: La DISE es una prueba segura, reproducible y fácil de realizar. Recomendamos el uso de la escala VOTE porque ha demostrado tener un grado de acuerdo interobservador superior, es la escala más utilizada en la literatura y la recomendada en los documentos de consenso.

https://doi.org/10.14201/orl.27166

Self-reported depression and anxiety among COPD patients. A case-control study
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Hurtado-Ruzza, Rafael

; Álvarez-Calderón-Iglesias, Óscar

; Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Ricardo

; Calvo-Lobo, César

; San-Antolín, Marta

; Losa-Iglesias, Marta Elena

; Romero-Morales, Carlos

; López-López, Daniel

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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feb 2022, Volume 140 N. 2 Pages 207 - 212

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. However, the exact mechanisms linking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with depression and anxiety have not been identified. OBJECTIVES: To compare self-reported depression and anxiety among patients diagnosed with COPD in relation to healthy controls. DESIGN AND SETTING: Case control study at a public hospital institution in Spain. METHODS: We designed a case-control study. Patients were recruited using a consecutive sampling method from a single institution. Two groups were created: COPD and healthy controls. Data on medical history and demographic background were collected from the medical records. Self-reported depression levels were assessed using Beck’s depression inventory (BDI). Self-reported anxiety was measured using the State-trait anxiety inventory (STAI). RESULTS: Fifty-two patients with COPD and fifty healthy patients were included in this study. BDI scores were higher for COPD patients (10.23 ± 6.26) than in the control group (5.2 ± 6.56). STAI-state scores were higher for COPD patients (41.85 ± 12.55) than for controls (34.88 ± 9.25). STAI-trait scores were higher for COPD patients (41.42 ± 10.01) than for controls (34.62 ± 9.19). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that there were higher levels of depression and anxiety among COPD patients than among healthy controls.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0235.r1.17062021

Formación doctoral del profesional de la educación y su impacto social
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Urbay Rodríguez, Marilin

; Torres Alfonso, Aida María

; Carrera Morales, Mercedes

; Ortiz Cárdenas, Tania

Revista Cubana de Educación Superior

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2022, Volume 41 Suppl. 1 elocation 14

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Doctoral training is an essential component to sustain the scientific potential of the country, especially that of the universities, so for the Ministry of Higher Education (MES) the strengthening of the preparation of doctors is a priority, becoming the accreditation of doctoral programs are a requirement to be considered when evaluating doctoral training work in authorized institutions. The quality standard legally established for its evaluation and accreditation demands that the training impact on graduates be evaluated on a recurring basis through their professional performance. The objective of the article is to evaluate the educational impact of the graduates of the Doctoral Program in Pedagogical Sciences that is developed at the Central University «Marta Abreu» of Las Villas, in the period (2015-2019) as part of the continuous self-evaluation process.

RESUMEN La formación doctoral es un componente esencial para la sustentación del potencial científico del país, muy especialmente el de las universidades, por lo que para el Ministerio de Educación Superior (MES) el fortalecimiento de la preparación de doctores es una prioridad, convirtiéndose la acreditación de los programas de doctorado en una exigencia a considerar en la valoración del trabajo de formación doctoral en las instituciones autorizadas. El patrón de calidad establecido legalmente para su evaluación y acreditación, demanda que de manera recurrente se evalúe el impacto formativo en los egresados a través de su desempeño profesional. El objetivo del artículo es evaluar el impacto formativo de los egresados del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Pedagógicas que se desarrolla en la Universidad Central « Marta Abreu» de Las Villas, en el periodo (2015-2019) como parte del proceso de autoevaluación continua.

Guías prácticas y herramienta para apoyar el desarrollo de sitios web accesibles
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Londoño-Rojas, Luis-Felipe

; Tabares-Morales, Valentina

; Rosecler-Bez, Marta

; Duque-Méndez, Néstor-Darío

Revista científica

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aug 2021, N. 41 Pages 225 - 241

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen El desarrollo masivo de sitios web y de manejo de la información desde la web ha generado un problema de exclusión para muchas personas, especialmente las que presentan algún tipo de discapacidad. Esto se debe, por lo general, a que los sitios web no son accesibles desde el código fuente, ya que los desarrolladores no tienen conocimiento de los estándares y las pautas para desarrollo accesible o no se facilita su comprensión a la hora de aplicarlos, lo cual impide el correcto funcionamiento de las herramientas asistidas usadas por las personas en situación de discapacidad para navegar por los sitios web. Este trabajo propone un conjunto de guías prácticas de código accesible que busca ofrecer una alternativa a los desarrolladores, en la que a través de ejemplos prácticos e interactivos se busca facilitar la implementación de características de accesibilidad. Con el fin de garantizar la disponibilidad y validar las guías propuestas, se desarrolló la herramienta GPCA, que presenta las guías propuestas y los elementos de apoyo a los desarrolladores.

Abstract The massive development of websites and management of the information on the web has generated an exclusion problem for many people, especially those with some type of disability. This is generally due to the fact that websites are not accessible from the source code, as developers are not aware of the norms and standards for their development or their understanding is not facilitated during their application. This hinders the correct functioning of assistive tools for people with disabilities to navigate these websites. This work presents a series of practical guidelines for accessible coding to offer an alternative to developers, aimed to facilitate the implementation of accessibility features by using practical and interactive examples. To guarantee availability and validate the proposed guidelines, the GPCA tool was developed, which presents the proposed guidelines and support elements for developers.

Resumo O desenvolvimento maciço de websites e gerenciamento de informações a partir da web gerou um problema de exclusão para muitas pessoas, especialmente pessoas com algum tipo de deficiência. Geralmente, isso ocorre porque os websites não são acessíveis a partir do código-fonte, os desenvolvedores desconhecem os padrões e diretrizes para o desenvolvimento acessível ou não são facilmente entendidos ao aplicá-los, o que impede o bom funcionamento das ferramentas assistivas usadas por pessoas com deficiência para navegar nos websites. Este trabalho propõe um conjunto de guias práticos de códigos acessíveis que buscam oferecer uma alternativa aos desenvolvedores, onde exemplos práticos e interativos buscam facilitar a implementação de recursos de acessibilidade. Para garantir a disponibilidade e validar os guias propostos, foi desenvolvida a ferramenta GPCA que apresenta os guias propostos e os elementos de suporte aos desenvolvedores.

https://doi.org/10.14483/23448350.16633 95 downloads

10.

Long-term results of in-the-bag primary intraocular lens implantation in children younger than 24 months
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Koch, Camila Ribeiro

; Kara-Junior, Newton

; Santhiago, Marcony Rodrigues

; Morales, Marta

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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aug 2021, Volume 84 N. 4 Pages 316 - 323

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a segurança do implante de lente intraocular primária em um grande número de olhos em crianças <24 meses. Métodos: Foram revisados os prontuários de pacientes com idade entre 5-24 meses, submetidos a implante primário de lente intraocular no saco capsular. Uma lente intraocular acrílica de três peças dobrável foi implantada pelo mesmo cirurgião usando uma única técnica cirúrgica. Pacientes que tiveram <1 ano de acompanhamento após a cirurgia foram excluídos. Os principais resultados incluíram medidas de acuidade visual, mudança miópica, complicações pós operatórias e cirurgias adicionais. Resultados: Foram analisados 68 pacientes (93 olhos). A média de idade dos pacientes no momento da cirurgia foi de 15,06 ± 6,19 (5 a 24) meses, e o equivalente esférico 1 mês após a cirurgia foi de 3,62 ± 2,32 D. Após 5,67 ± 3,10 anos, o equivalente esférico foi de -0,09 ± 3,22 D, e a acuidade visual corrigida à distância foi de 0,33 ± 0,33 e 0,64 ± 0,43 logMAR em casos bilaterais e casos unilaterais, respectivamente (p=0,000). A maior mudança míopica foi observado em bebês submetidos à cirurgia aos 5 e 6 meses de idade. As complicações mais frequentes incluíram opacificação do eixo visual e corectopia. Glaucoma e descolamento de retina não foram relatados. Conclusão: O implante primário de lente intraocular no saco capsular em crianças de 5-24 meses é seguro e está associado à baixas taxas de eventos adversos e cirurgias adicional.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the safety of primary intraocular lens implantation in a large number of eyes in children aged <24 months. Methods: The medical records of patients aged 5-24 months, who underwent primary intraocular lens implantation in the capsular bag, were reviewed. A foldable three-piece acrylic intraocular lens was implanted by the same surgeon using a single surgical technique. Patients who had <1 year of follow-up after the surgery were excluded. The main outcome measurements included visual acuity, myopic shift, follow-up complications, and additional surgeries. Results: Sixty-eight patients (93 eyes) were analyzed. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 15.06 ± 6.19 months (range: 5-24 months), and the spherical equivalent 1 month after surgery was 3.62 ± 2.32 D. After 5.67 ± 3.10 years, the spherical equivalent was -0.09 ± 3.22 D, and the corrected distance visual acuity was 0.33 ± 0.33 and 0.64 ± 0.43 logMAR in bilateral and unilateral cases, respectively (p=0.000). The highest myopic shift was observed in infants who underwent surgery at ages 5 and 6 months. The most frequent complications included visual axis opacification and corectopia. Glaucoma and retinal detachment were not reported. Conclusion: Primary in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation in children aged 5-24 months is safe, and is associated with low rates of adverse events and additional surgery.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20210045 159 downloads

11.

Influence of foot pain on frailty symptoms in an elderly population: a case-control study
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Navarro-Flores, Emmanuel

; Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Ricardo

; Calvo-Lobo, César

; Losa-Iglesias, Marta Elena

; Palomo-López, Patricia

; Mazoteras-Pardo, Victoria

; Romero-Morales, Carlos

; López-López, Daniel

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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aug 2021, Volume 139 N. 4 Pages 319 - 324

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Frailty is a condition that can increase the risk of falls. In addition, foot disorders can negatively influence elderly people, thus affecting their condition of frailty. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether foot pain can influence a greater degree of frailty. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. METHODS: A sample older than 60 years (n = 52), including 26 healthy subjects and 26 foot pain patients, was recruited. Frailty disability was measured using the 5-Frailty scale and the Edmonton Frailty scale (EFS). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the total EFS score and in most of its subscales, according to the Mann-Whitney U test (P < 0.05). In addition, foot pain patients presented worse scores (higher 5-Frailty scores) than did healthy patients, regarding matched-paired subjects (lower EFS scores). With regard to the rest of the measurements, there were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). The highest scores (P < 0.001) were for fatigue on the 5-Frailty scale and the EFS, and for the subscale of independence function in EFS. CONCLUSIONS: These elderly patients presented impairment relating to ambulation and total 5-Frailty score, which seemed to be linked to the presence of frailty syndrome and foot disorders.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0492.r1.0802021 4 downloads

12.

Impact of lifestyle on health-related quality of life among young university students: a cross-sectional study
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García-Pérez-de-Sevilla, Guillermo

; Pérez-Chao, Enrique Alonso

; Pareja-Galeano, Helios

; Martínez-Jiménez, Eva María

; de-la-Plaza-San-Frutos, Marta

; Sánchez-Pinto-Pinto, Beatriz

; Romero-Morales, Carlos

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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may 2021, Volume 139 N. 5 Pages 443 - 451

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Lifestyle is strongly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of non-communicable diseases, and has a great impact on quality of life. The goal of the present study was to analyze the lifestyle and body composition (BC) of young university students during the pandemic, and their relationship with health-related quality of life (HrQoL). DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational cross-sectional study conducted in the Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. METHODS: A total sample of 56 healthy university students was recruited. Activity, sitting time, adherence to Mediterranean diet and BC were measured. RESULTS: Regarding BC, only 5% and 10.7% of the subjects had health risk values for waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. The mean daily sitting-time was 8.26 hours, while 19.64% of the subjects spent . 10 hours per day sitting. 92.86% of the subjects complied with the World Health Organization 2020 physical activity recommendations. The mean PREDIMED score was 7.41, while 51.8% of the subjects had low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Regarding HrQoL, 22 subjects (39.2%) and 26 subjects (46.4%) were in the lowest quintile of physical component summary and mental component summary, respectively, according to the reference values for their age range. There was a negative correlation between physical function and sitting time (r = -0.38). CONCLUSIONS: There were high levels of sedentary behavior and low HrQoL values, with a negative moderate correlation between these variables. The findings from the present study especially highlight the importance of implementing public health programs targeting reduction of sitting time among university students.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0138.r2.120321 5 downloads

13.

Intra and intersession repeatability and reliability of dynamic parameters in pressure platform assessments on subjects with simulated leg length discrepancy. A cross-sectional research
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Pereiro-Buceta, Héctor

; Calvo-Lobo, César

; Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Ricardo

; Losa-Iglesias, Marta Elena

; Romero-Morales, Carlos

; López-López, Daniel

; Martínez-Jiménez, Eva-María

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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may 2021, Volume 139 N. 5 Pages 424 - 434

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) may play a key role in exercise biomechanics. Although the Podoprint platform has been used in dynamic pressure studies, there are no data regarding the reliability and repeatability of dynamic measurements under simulated LLD conditions. OBJECTIVES: To determine the intra and intersession repeatability and reliability of dynamic parameters of the Podoprint pressure platform under simulated LLD conditions. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational cross-sectional study at a public university. METHODS: Thirty-seven healthy volunteers participated in this study. LLD was simulated using ethyl vinyl acetate plantar lifts with heights of 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm located under the right shoe of each volunteer. The procedure was performed to capture the dynamic parameters of each participant under five different simulated LLD conditions. Stance time, mean pressure and peak pressure measurements were registered in three trials for each foot and each LLD level. Data were collected during two separate testing sessions, in order to establish intrasession and intersession reliability. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intrasession reliability ranged from 0.775 to 0.983 in the first session and from 0.860 to 0.985 in the second session. The ICCs for intersession reliability ranged from 0.909 to 0.990. Bland-Altman plots showed absence of systematic measurement errors. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that the Podoprint platform is a reliable system for assessing dynamic parameters under simulated LLD conditions. Future studies should evaluate plantar pressures under LLD conditions, in association with exercise, biomechanics and musculoskeletal disorders.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0791.r1.110321 4 downloads

14.

COVID-19 Safety Protocols in Dental Clinical Education in the Second Wave
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Lenguas-Silva, Ana Leticia

; Mateos-Moreno, Maria Victoria

; García-Vicent, Germán

; Lamas-Oliveira, Marta

; Martín-Morales, José Francisco

; Valdepeñas-Morales, Javier

; Garcillán-Izquierdo, Maria Rosario

International journal of odontostomatology

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mar 2021, Volume 15 N. 1 Pages 59 - 66

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: This second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the development of strategies for guaranteeing clinical teaching in dental schools and adapt it to this new epidemiological situation protecting the health of all staff, stud ents, patients and persons accompanying them. We reviewed a total of 51 documents, including articles and guidelines or recommendations issued by dental schools, scientific societies and other institutions, in order to take stock of the current evidence available about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental schools. We describe a series of measures to implement in semi-critical and critical areas of dental schools to guarantee the safety of all and the continuity of the clinic al training of students. These include: mobility circuits, appropriate distancing, patient scheduling, telephone triage, personal protective equipments, measures to reduce viral transmission by air ventilation and several other actions specific to low or high aerosol generating by treatments. Dental schools must be prepared and implement the necessary measures according to the level of infection risk during face-to-face activities, especially in clinics, which provide essential formation and imp ossible to acquire online. Dental schools should focus on prioritizing preventive and minimally invasive dentistry minimizing aerosol generating procedures whenever possible. More than ever, the international cooperation among universities for the elaboration of protocols is essential. These protocols must ensure the health of everyone in this new second wave of the pandemic and in possible future epidemiological scenarios.

RESUMEN: Esta segunda oleada de la pandemia COVID-19 ha llevado al desarrollo de estrategias para garantizar la docencia clínica en las facultades de odontología y adaptarla a esta nueva situación epidemiológica protegiendo la salud de todo el personal, estudiantes, pacientes y acompañantes. Revisamos un total de 51 documentos, incluidos artículos y guías o recomendaciones emitidas por escuelas de odontología, sociedades científicas y otras instituciones, con el fin de hacer un balance de la evidencia actual disponible sobre el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en las escuelas de odontología. Describimos una serie de medidas a implementar en áreas semicríticas y críticas de las facultades de odontología para garantizar la seguridad de todos y la continuidad de la formación clínica de los estudiantes. Estos incluyen: circuitos de movilidad, distanciamiento apropiado, programación de pacientes, triaje telefónico, equipos de protección personal, medidas para reducir la transmisión viral por ventilación de aire y varias otras acciones específicas para la generación baja o alta de aerosoles por los tratamientos. Las escuelas de odontología deben estar preparadas e implementar las medidas necesarias de acuerdo al nivel de riesgo de infección durante las actividades presenciales, especialmente en las clínicas, que brindan formación imprescindible e imposible de adquirir en línea. Las escuelas de odontología deben centrarse en priorizar la odontología preventiva y mínimamente invasive minimizando los procedimientos que generan aerosoles siempre que sea posible. Más que nunca, la cooperación internacional entre universidades para la elaboración de protocolos es fundamental. Estos protocolos deben garantizar la salud de todos en esta nueva segunda ola de la pandemia y en posibles escenarios epidemiológicos futuros.

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15.

New Rules for Teaching in Dental Schools in the COVID-19 Era
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Lenguas-Silva, Ana Leticia

; Mateos-Moreno, María Victoria

; García-Vicent, Germán

; Lamas-Oliveira, Marta

; Martín-Morales, José Francisco

; Valdepeñas-Morales, Javier

; Garcillán-Izquierdo, María Rosario

International journal of odontostomatology

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mar 2021, Volume 15 N. 1 Pages 36 - 42

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: The crisis caused by COVID-19 has led to the development of strategies for adapting the undergraduate and postgraduate teaching of dentistry to the new situation, as well as guaranteeing the safety of all staff, students, patient s and persons accompanying them.We reviewed a total of 36 documents, including articles and guidelines or recommendations issued by dental schools, scientific societies and other institutions, in order to take stock of the current evidence available about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental schools. Additional training is required in the management of infectious diseases and the prevention of their transmission. Dental schools must be prepared and implement the necessary measures according to the level of infection risk during face-to-face activities, especially in clinics, while guaranteeing quality teaching and allo wing research to be carried out. Adapting teaching to new technologies is essential for the development of non-classroom training, a s is conducting questionnaires that collect information on crisis management and assessing the stress level of students, faculty and other staff. The incorporation of new technologies in both training and assessment reduces the chances of contagion and enhances student autonomy. Distance learning competencies must be clear to students and be included in the description of the academic programme. We must not forget that the primary objective of teaching is for students to acquire the necessary skills f or their profession. More than ever, the international cooperation of universities in the elaboration of protocols is essential. T hese protocols must ensure the health of everyone in this pandemic and in possible future scenarios. We must transform this crisis into an opportunity that will revolutionize dental education.

RESUMEN: La crisis originada por la COVID-19 ha obligado a desarrollar estrategias para adaptar la enseñanza pre y postgrado en odontología a la nueva situación, así como para garantizar la seguridad de todo el personal de la facultad, estudiantes, pacientes y acompañantes. Revisamos un total de 36 documentos, incluyendo artículos y guías o recomendaciones facilitadas por facultades de odontología, sociedades científicas y otras instituciones, con el fin de obtener la evidencia científica disponible sobre el impacto de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en las facultades de odontología. Las facultades de odontología deben estar preparadas e implementar las medidas necesarias según el nivel de riesgo de infección de SARS-CoV-2 durante las actividades presenciales, especialmente en clínica, además de garantizar una enseñanza de calidad y permitir el desarrollo de investigación. Es fundamental la adaptación de la docencia a las nuevas tecnologías para el desarrollo de formación no presencial, así como la realización de cuestionarios que recaben información sobre la gestión de la crisis y analicen el estrés de estudiantes, profesores y personal. La incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías tanto en la formación como en la evaluación reduce las posibilidades de contagio y potencia la autonomía del alumno. Las competencias de la educación a distancia deben quedar claras para los estudiantes, e incluirse en la descripción del curso académico siendo objetivo primordial de la docencia la adquisición de las mismas. La cooperación internacional de universidades es esencial en la elaboración de protocolos que garanticen la salud de todos en esta pandemia y en posibles futuros escenarios. Esta crisis supone una oportunidad para revolucionar la educación en odontología.

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