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Problemas relacionados con los medicamentos en pacientes de Santiago de Cuba hospitalizados
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Megret-Despaigne, Rosario

; Morales-González, Maraelys

; Tur-Naranjo, Enieyis

; Dupotey-Varela, Niurka María

; Rojas-Vázquez, Evelyn Ivette

; Quintero-Muñoz, Marelbis

Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet)

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jun 2023, Volume 64 N. 2 Pages 89 - 99

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Drug-related problems are a major health concern because of their high impact on inpatient morbidity. Method: Descriptive and cross-sectional observational, study in the clinical services of five health institutions of Santiago de Cuba, during the first quarter of 2020. The profiles of 329 patients who received pharmacotherapeutic follow-up were reviewed. The sample was characterized according to biosocials, clinical and pharmacotherapeutic variables, the identification of medication-related problems was performed using the criteria of Cipolle, Stramd and Morley, also determining the drugs involved in medication-related problems. The data were processed through absolute and relative frequencies represented by means of tables and figures. Results: Patients over or equal to 60 years of age predominated, representing 38.6 %; 61.4 % of the patients were female. Most of the patients had up to two diseases (76.3 %); complicated respiratory infections (35.6 %) were the most frequent reason for admission. Between four and six medications were consumed by 36.5 %, with antibacterials for systemic use being the most prescribed. A total of 598 drug-related problems were identified for a ratio of 1.8 DRP/patient, of which 42.8 % corresponded to safety problems, 31.1 % to indication, followed by 24.9 % to effectiveness and finally 1.2 % to adherence. Conclusions: Antimicrobials were the most implicated in the occurrence of medication-related problems. Pharmaceutical care offers services that ensure the appropriate use of medications.

Resumen Introducción: Los problemas relacionados con los medicamentos constituyen una gran preocupación sanitaria por su elevado impacto en la morbilidad de pacientes hospitalizados. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en los servicios clínicos de cinco instituciones de salud de Santiago de Cuba, durante el primer trimestre de 2020. Se revisaron los perfiles de 329 pacientes que recibieron seguimiento farmacoterapéutico. La muestra fue caracterizada según variables biosociales, clínicas y farmacoterapéuticas, la identificación de los problemas relacionados a la medicación fue realizada utilizando los criterios de Cipolle, Stramd y Morley, determinándose además los medicamentos implicados en los problemas relacionados a la medicación. Los datos fueron procesados a través de frecuencias absolutas y relativas representadas por medio de tablas y figuras. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes mayores o iguales de 60 años representando un 38,6 %; respecto al género un 61,4 % perteneció al femenino. La mayoría de los pacientes presentaron hasta dos enfermedades (76,3 %), las infecciones respiratorias complicadas (35,6 %) fueron el motivo de ingreso más frecuente. El 36,5 % consumió entre cuatro y seis medicamentos, siendo los antibacterianos de usos sistémicos los más prescritos. Se identificaron 598 Problemas Relacionados con los Medicamentos para una proporción de 1,8 PRM/paciente, de estos un 42,8 % corresponde a los problemas de Seguridad, un 31,1 % de Indicación, seguido de 24,9 % de Efectividad y finalmente el 1,2 % de Adherencia. Conclusiones: Los antimicrobianos resultaron los más implicados en la aparición de los problemas relacionados a la medicación. La atención farmacéutica ofrece servicios que garantizan el uso adecuado de los medicamentos.

https://doi.org/10.30827/ars.v64i2.26902

Pelagic copepod diversity (Crustacea: Copepoda) in the Southern Caribbean: evidence of a pending assignment
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Scott-Frías, Joxmer

; Cervigón, Fernando

; Zoppi de Roa, Evelyn

; Suárez-Morales, Eduardo

Revista mexicana de biodiversidad

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2023, Volume 94 elocation e944177

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El Caribe sur (SCA) representa la ecorregión más productiva del Atlántico tropical noroccidental (TNWA). Con el propósito de establecer la diversidad e inventario de los copépodos pelágicos en la ecorregión, presentamos datos no publicados obtenidos a partir de cruceros oceanográficos efectuados en aguas oceánicas y neríticas de Venezuela (1967-1968). Complementamos esta información con trabajos previos para obtener una lista sistemática de las especies de copépodos pelágicos conocidas para el SCA. A partir de este análisis, determinamos 346 especies y 2 subespecies, 11 especies representan nuevos registros para el SCA. Además, para el TNWA, este estudio permite: 1) establecer la expansión en el intervalo de distribución de algunas especies, 2) registrar la presencia en el SCA de todas las especies incluidas en 12 de 42 familias observadas en la provincia, 3) determinar que en las familias Corycaeidae y Paracalanidae, el número de especies registradas es mayor al documentado previamente para el TNWA. La curva acumulativa de especies indica que en el SCA, la diversidad de los copépodos pelágicos está subestimada y los cálculos sugieren que la cantidad de especies potenciales a registrar en futuros estudios es de 12 a 48% del valor aquí establecido.

Abstract The Southern Caribbean (SCA) represents the most productive ecoregion of the Tropical Northwestern Atlantic (TNWA) province. In order to assess the diversity of pelagic copepods in the ecoregion, we present an inventory based on unpublished data obtained from several oceanographic cruises made in oceanic and neritic waters of Venezuela (1967-1968). We complement this information with previous regional surveys to obtain a revised systematic checklist of the pelagic copepod species in the SCA. We included in our list a total of 346 species and 2 subspecies; up to 11 species represent new records. This study allowed us to: 1) expand the distributional range of some species within the TNWA, 2) record the occurrence, in the SCA, of all species known to 12 of 42 families to occur in the TNWA, 3) determine that the number of species of Corycaeidae and Paracalanidae in the SCA is greater than previously documented for the TNWA. Overall, the species accumulation curve resulting from our data analysis allowed us to determine that the diversity of pelagic copepods is underestimated; our estimations suggest that the potential species number that can be recorded in the SCA is 12 to 48% above the figure herein established.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2023.94.4177

Anestesia total intravenosa libre de opioides guiada por qCON y qNOX en paciente obesa
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Cevallos Sacoto, Francisco Antonio

; Puga Bravo, Cristina Evelyn

; Morocho Romero, Emily Ariella

; Molineros Morales, Luis Alfredo

Revista Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación

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aug 2022, Volume 21 N. 2 elocation e778

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: In recent years, opioid-free anesthesia has become another alternative in front of traditional general anesthesia techniques. The exclusion of this group of drugs avoids the numerous adverse effects and complications associated with its usage. Although opioid-free anesthesia has its indications and has showed its benefits in a certain group of patients, there is still controversy regarding its usefulness in the obese patient. Characteristics such as obesity make the multimodal models used to program opioid-free anesthesia increasingly complex. Objectives: To describe a clinical case involving the opioid-free anesthesia technique, which is the first experience in Ecuador. Case presentation: The case is presented of a female obese patient who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy by infusion of propofol, ketamine, lidocaine, magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine. Titration of these drugs was carried out by calculating plasma concentrations through pharmacokinetic models and guided by monitoring of anesthetic and analgesic depth, thus optimizing drug consumption, reducing complications and achieving a favorable clinical evolution. As far as known locally and in the country (Ecuador), this is the first reported experience with this technique. Conclusions: Opioid-free anesthesia may be a choice in the obese patient, since it ensures adequate recovery without associated adverse effects.

RESUMEN Introducción: En los últimos años la anestesia libre de opioides ha constituido una alternativa más a las técnicas tradicionales de anestesia general. Con la exclusión de este grupo de fármacos se evitan los múltiples efectos adversos y complicaciones asociados al mismo. A pesar de que la anestesia libre de opioides tiene sus indicaciones y que ha demostrado sus beneficios en cierto grupo de pacientes, existen aún controversias en relación con su utilidad en el paciente obeso. Características como la obesidad hacen que los modelos multimodales empleados para programar la anestesia libre de opioides sean cada vez más complejos. Objetivos: Describir un caso clínico realizado con la técnica de anestesia libre de opioides que constituye la primera experiencia en Ecuador. Presentación del caso: Se presenta el caso de una paciente obesa intervenida de colecistectomía laparoscópica mediante infusión de propofol, ketamina, lidocaína, sulfato de magnesio, y dexmedetomidina. La titulación de estos fármacos se realizó mediante cálculo de concentraciones plasmáticas a través de modelos farmacocinéticos y guiada por monitorización de profundidad anestésica y analgésica, con lo cual se logró optimizar el consumo de fármacos, disminuir las complicaciones y una evolución clínica favorable. Hasta donde se conoce a nivel local y de país (Ecuador) es la primera experiencia que se reporta con esta técnica. Conclusiones: La anestesia libre de opioides puede resultar una elección en el paciente obeso ya que asegura una adecuada recuperación sin efectos adversos asociados.

Desempeño profesional del equipo básico de salud en reducción de desastres con enfoque “Una Salud”
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Rivero Morales, Ámbar

; Hernández Linares, Evelyn Elizabeth

; Martí Núñez, Alejandro Erasmo

; Mesa Ridel, Guillermo

Revista Cubana de Salud Pública

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jun 2022, Volume 48 N. 2 elocation e3342

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Human, animal and environmental health show a complex scenario that challenges traditional paradigms of disaster management. The basic health team must assume optimal performance in the "One Health" approach within the disaster risk reduction process. Objective: To determine the professional performance of the basic health team in primary care for disaster´s risk reduction from the "One Health" approach at "Reina" Teaching Polyclinic. Methods: A development research was carried out based on the "One Health" approach in the professional performance of the 28 basic health teams that make up "Reina" Teaching Polyclinic, located in Los Sitios Popular Council, Centro Habana Municipality. The review of the disaster reduction plan and the study program of the Comprehensive General Medicine residency was carried out and a survey was applied to medical and nursing professionals. Three dimensions and eleven indicators were assessed. Results: The main problems were detected in the plans and modes of professional performance, professional and personal practical activity, the development of support materials, and low participation in training courses, scientific events and research projects. The dimensión called "improvement" was the most affected. Conclusions: Perfecting the work of the basic health team from the "One Health" approach allows a good professional performance and compliance with current regulations to improve the planning and organization of the disaster risk reduction process in the polyclinic.

RESUMEN Introducción: La salud humana, animal y el medio ambiente muestran un complejo escenario que reta a los paradigmas tradicionales del manejo de desastres. El equipo básico de salud debe asumir un óptimo desempeño en el enfoque “Una Salud” dentro del proceso de reducción de riesgo de desastres. Objetivo: Determinar el desempeño profesional del equipo básico de salud en la atención primaria para la reducción de riesgo de desastres desde el enfoque de “Una Salud” en el Policlínico Docente “Reina”. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación de desarrollo a partir del enfoque “Una Salud” en el desempeño profesional de los 28 equipos básicos de salud que componen el Policlínico Docente “Reina”, ubicado en el Consejo Popular Los Sitios, Municipio Centro Habana. Se realizó la revisión del plan de reducción de desastres y el programa de estudio de la residencia de Medicina General Integral y se aplicó una encuesta a los profesionales médicos y de enfermería. Se valoraron tres dimensiones y once indicadores. Resultados: Los principales problemas se detectaron en los planes y los modos de actuación profesional, la actividad práctica profesional y personal, el desarrollo de materiales de apoyo, escasa participación en cursos de superación, en eventos científicos y en proyectos de investigación. La dimensión “superación” fue la más afectada. Conclusiones: Perfeccionar el trabajo del equipo básico de salud desde el enfoque “Una Salud” permite un buen desempeño profesional y el cumplimiento de las normativas vigentes para mejorar la planificación y organización del proceso de reducción de riesgo de desastres en el policlínico.

Evaluación de la prueba Aspergillus Galactomannan Ag VircliaR Monotest como alternativa a kit Platelia™ Aspergillus EIA
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Troncoso C., Rubi

; Sepúlveda F, Claudia

; Sepúlveda P, Evelyn

; Guzmán U, Camila

; Morales G, Marcela

; Tapia P, Cecilia

Revista chilena de infectología

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jun 2022, Volume 39 N. 3 Pages 248 - 253

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: The Aspergillus Galactomannan Ag Virclia® (GMVClia) test is a monotest and automated galactomannan technique based on chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). Aim: To evaluate the performance of the GM-VClia test in serum and bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) samples previously processed with the Platelia ™ Aspergillus EIA kit (GM-Plat). Methods: 56 samples of serum 40 from BAL (some of them with galactomaman determination in both samples), from patients with pulmonary diseases, hematological diseases, SLE, Covid-19 and tumors, among others, were studied. Thirteen patients had invasive aspergillosis (1 proven and 12 probable). Results: The correlation between both methods for serum and BAL was r = 0.8861 p < 0.0001 and r = 0.6368 p < 0.001, respectively. There was a global concordance of 67.7% (65/96), being 85.7% (48/56) in sera and 42.5.0% (14/49) in BAL. By raising the cut-off point in LBA by GM-VClia, the agreement increased to 85.7%. Conclusion: A greater correlation and concordance was observed in sera than in BAL. The GM-VClia kit had a higher sensitivity and NPV than the GM-Plat kit. The disadvantages of GM-VClia are the “doubtful” category, which makes interpretation difficult and that with the current cut-off points in LBA the correlation with GM-Plat is lower. The advantages are its greater sensitivity, ease of processing and faster results.

Resumen Introducción: La prueba Aspergillus galactomannan Ag Virclia® (GM-VClia) es una técnica de galactomanano monotest, auto-matizada, basada en inmunoensayo quimioluminiscente (CLIA). Objetivo: Evaluar el desempeño del test de GM-VClia en muestras de suero y lavado bronquioalveolar (LBA) procesadas previamente con el kit Platelia™ Aspergillus EIA (GM-Plat). Materiales y Métodos: Se estudiaron 56 muestras de suero y 40 de LBA, correspondientes a un total de 59 pacientes (algunos con determinación de galactomamano en ambas muestras) con enfermedades pulmonares, hematológicas, LES, Covid-19 y tumores, entre otros. Trece pacientes tuvieron aspergilosis invasora (1 probada y 12 probables). Resultados: La correlación entre ambos métodos para suero y LBA fue r = 0,8861 p < 0,0001 y r = 0,6368 p < 0,001, respectivamente. Hubo una concordancia global de 67,7% (65/96), siendo de 85,7% (48/56) en sueros y 42,5,0% (14/49) en LBA. Al subir el punto de corte en LBA por GM-VClia la concordancia aumentó a 85,7%. Conclusiones: Se observó una mayor correlación y concordancia en sueros que en LBA. El kit GM-VClia presentó una mayor sensibilidad y valor predictor negativo (VPN), que el kit GM-Plat. Las desventajas de GM-VClia, la constituyen la categoría “dudoso”, que dificulta la interpretación y que, con los puntos de corte actuales en LBA, la correlación con GM-Plat es menor. Las ventajas son su mayor sensibilidad, facilidad de procesamiento y una mayor rapidez en los resultados.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182022000200248 171 downloads

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the first case of monkeypox virus in Brazil, 2022
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Claro, Ingra Morales

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Candido, Darlan da Silva

; Lima, Evelyn Lepka de

; Lindoso, José Angelo Lauletta

; Ramundo, Mariana Severo

; Moreira, Filipe Romero Rebello

; Barra, Luiz Alberto Costa

; Borges, Luciana Marques Sansão

; Medeiros, Lucas Alberto

; Tomishige, Marcia Y. S.

; Moutinho, Tomas

; Silva, Anderson José Dias da

; Rodrigues, Camila Cristina Martini

; Azevedo, Luiz Cesar Fernandes de

; Villas-Boas, Lucy Santos

; Silva, Camila Alves Maia da

; Coletti, Thaís Moura

; Manuli, Erika R.

; O’Toole, Aine

; Quick, Joshua

; Loman, Nicholas

; Rambaut, Andrew

; Faria, Nuno R.

; Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e48

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a zoonotic virus endemic to the African continent, has been reported in 33 non-endemic countries since May 2022. We report an almost complete genome of the first confirmed case of MPXV in Brazil. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was completed in 18 hours, from DNA extraction to consensus sequence generation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264048

First case report of monkeypox in Brazil: clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis with sexually transmitted infections
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Lima, Evelyn Lepka de

; Barra, Luiz Alberto Costa

; Borges, Luciana Marques Sansão

; Medeiros, Lucas Alberto

; Tomishige, Marcia Y. S.

; Santos, Lucas de Souza Loureiro Abbud

; Silva, Anderson José Dias da

; Rodrigues, Camila Cristina Martini

; Azevedo, Luiz Cesar Fernandes de

; Villas-Boas, Lucy Santos

; Silva, Camila Alves Maia da

; Coletti, Thaís Moura

; Manuli, Erika R.

; Claro, Ingra Morales

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Ramundo, Mariana Severo

; Moutinho, Tomas

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Lindoso, José Angelo Lauletta

; Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e54

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In 2022, an outbreak of monkeypox is being reported in non-endemic areas, with unusual clinical manifestations. The detailed clinical description of the first patient that received the diagnosis of monkeypox in Brazil is reported here, whose clinical manifestations can easily lead to misdiagnosis of sexually transmitted infections. A 41 years old male presented to an emergency room with a vesicular rash with eight days of evolution. He had traveled to Portugal and Spain and reported non-penetrative sexual involvement with three different male individuals. On the third day of symptoms, he sought medical care and received empirical treatment directed to sexually transmitted infections. As the symptoms did not improve, he sought medical attention at an infectious disease referral center presenting, on admission, an ulcerated penile lesion with central necrotic crusts, a disseminated pleomorphic skin rash and an oropharyngeal ulcer. The monkeypox diagnosis was suspected due to the characteristics of the lesions and the history of intimate contact with casual partners, and it was later confirmed by sequencing the almost complete monkeypox genome. The patient was hospitalized for pain control, which required opiate administration. He developed a secondary bacterial infection on the penile lesions, which were treated with oral antibiotics. He was discharged after 14 days, with lesions in process of re-epithelialization. Given the current outbreak, we must consider the possibility of monkeypox in patients with suggestive lesions, anywhere on the body (including the genitals), added to an epidemiological link or history of intimate contact with strangers or casual partners.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264054

Reflexiones sobre la intervención de enfermería en adultos con episodio depresivo
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Copara Chancusi, Oswaldo Bladimir

; Cumbicus Jaramillo, Evelyn Carolina

; Morales Guaraca, Jimena Alexandra

; Caibe Abril, María Belén

; Ríos García, Liliana Alexandra

Revista Eugenio Espejo

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dec 2021, Volume 15 N. 2 Pages 88 - 97

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Depressive disorder in adults is a serious health problem that affects the individual and their social environment. In this regard, the nursing intervention is of great importance for recovery, which warranted a bibliographic review using reliable sources published on the Internet. The corresponding activities must be aimed at reducing symptoms, by establishing a therapeutic relationship, individualized, comprehensive, and based on nursing models as a guide for the development and application of the Nursing Process as a scientific method.

Resumen El trastorno depresivo en adultos constituye un grave problema de salud que afecta al individuo y su entorno social. Al respecto, la intervención de enfermería tiene gran importancia para la recuperación, lo que ameritó una revisión bibliográfica empleando fuentes confiables publicadas en la Internet. Las correspondientes actividades deben estar dirigidas a la disminución de los síntomas, mediante el establecimiento de una relación terapéutica, individualizada, integral y basada en modelos de enfermería como guía para la elaboración y aplicación del Proceso Enfermero como método científico.

https://doi.org/10.37135/ee.04.11.12 87 downloads

Mental health problems among healthcare workers involved with the COVID-19 outbreak
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Robles, Rebeca

; Rodríguez, Evelyn

; Vega-Ramírez, Hamid

; Álvarez-Icaza, Dení

; Madrigal, Eduardo

; Durand, Sol

; Morales-Chainé, Silvia

; Astudillo, Claudia

; Real-Ramírez, Janet

; Medina-Mora, María-Elena

; Becerra, Claudia

; Escamilla, Raúl

; Alcocer-Castillejos, Natasha

; Ascencio, Leticia

; Díaz, Dulce

; González, Hugo

; Barrón-Velázquez, Evalinda

; Fresán, Ana

; Rodríguez-Bores, Lorena

; Quijada-Gaytán, Juan-Manuel

; Zabicky, Gady

; Tejadilla-Orozco, Diana

; González-Olvera, Jorge-Julio

; Reyes-Terán, Gustavo

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2021, Volume 43 N. 5 Pages 494 - 503

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objective: The mental health problems and perceived needs of healthcare workers involved with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may vary due to individual and contextual characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate healthcare workers’ mental health problems during the common COVID-19 exposure scenario in Mexico, comparing those on the frontline with other healthcare workers according to gender and profession, determining the main risk factors for the most frequent mental health problems. Methods: A cross-sectional online study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 5,938 Mexican healthcare workers who completed brief screening measures of mental health problems and ad hoc questions about sociodemographic professional characteristics, conditions related to increased risk of COVID-19 infection, life stressors during the COVID-19 emergency, and perceived need to cope with COVID-19. Results: The identified mental health problems were insomnia, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), all of which were more frequent in frontline healthcare workers (52.1, 37.7, and 37.5%, respectively) and women (47.1, 33.0 %, and 16.3%, respectively). A lack of rest time was the main risk factor for insomnia (OR = 3.1, 95%CI 2.6-3.7, p ≤ 0.0001). Mourning the death of friends or loved ones due to COVID-19 was the main risk factor for depression (OR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.8-2.7, p ≤ 0.0001), and personal COVID-19 status was the main risk factor for PTSD (OR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.7-2.9, p ≤ 0.0001). Conclusion: The most frequent mental health problems during the common exposure scenario for COVID-19 in Mexico included the short-term psychological consequences of intense adversity. A comprehensive strategy for preventing mental health problems should focus on individuals with cumulative vulnerability and specific risk factors.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1346 885 downloads

10.

A qualitative study on factors associated with intimate partner violence in Colombia
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Lennon, Shirley Evelyn

; Aramburo, Adriana María Ramírez

; Garzón, Eliana Maritza Morales

; Arboleda, María Adelaida

; Fandiño-Losada, Andrés

; Pacichana-Quinayaz, Sara Gabriela

; Muñoz, Gloria Inés Rodas

; Gutiérrez-Martínez, María Isabel

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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sep 2021, Volume 26 N. 9 Pages 4205 - 4216

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) é uma violação dos direitos humanos e um grave problema de saúde pública global. Este estudo investigou fatores associados à VPI em mulheres sobreviventes na Colômbia. Quatro discussões de grupos focais com mulheres sobreviventes de VPI e 15 entrevistas com informantes-chave com profissionais de serviços sócio-médico-legais foram realizadas usando amostragem intencional nas cidades de Cali e Tuluá. As transcrições foram analisadas manualmente, sob um ponto de vista construtivista social e uma abordagem de análise de conteúdo. Os fatores associados à VPI foram divididos em 4 temas: crenças culturais, ciúmes, abuso de álcool e história pessoal da VPI. O primeiro tema foi dividido em: patriarcado, papéis de gênero, normalização da violência, desconhecimento de direitos, dependência econômica e ‘homens possuem mulheres’. VPI foi descrita como uma construção sociocultural formada por valores patriarcais e processos individuais. A VPI é causada por uma complexa interação de diferentes fatores nos níveis do indivíduo, relacionamentos, comunidade e social. Os órgãos governamentais e não governamentais e a sociedade são instados a criar juntos estratégias preventivas e específicas no contexto.

Abstract Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a human rights violation and a serious global public health problem. This study investigated factors associated with IPV in female survivors in Colombia. Four focus group discussions with female survivors of IPV and 15 key informant interviews with professionals from psychological, social and legal services and community leaders were conducted in Cali and Tuluá. Participant recruitment was via purposive sampling. Transcripts were analysed manually taking a social constructivist standpoint and a content analysis approach. Factors associated with IPV were divided into four themes: cultural beliefs, jealousy, alcohol abuse, and personal history of IPV. The first theme was divided into: patriarchy, gender roles, normalisation of violence, and unawareness of rights, economic dependence, and ‘men own women’. The sub-themes were all inter-related and underpinned by patriarchal values. IPV was described as a sociocultural construction formed by patriarchal values ingrained in community and societal norms and individual processes. Therefore, academia, governmental and non-governmental bodies and society are urged to together, create preventative, context specific strategies for individuals, communities and societies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021269.21092020

11.

Caracterización epidemiológica, clínica e imagenológica de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple
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Vázquez Gómez, Lázaro Aurelio

; Hidalgo Mesa, Carlos

; Broche-Pérez, Yunier

; Valdés Morales, Yanet

; Tejeda Castañeda, Evelyn

Medicentro Electrónica

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sep 2021, Volume 25 N. 3 Pages 423 - 447

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating, degenerative, chronic, autoimmune and inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system. This condition is the leading cause of neurological disability in young adults. Objective: to characterize patients with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis admitted to the Neurology service at "Arnaldo Milián Castro" Clinical and Surgical University Hospital. Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis admitted to the Neurology Service at "Arnaldo Milián Castro" Clinical and Surgical University Hospital, Santa Clara, Villa Clara, from January 2018 to December 2019; the study population consisted of 30 patients. Results: the average age at debut was 38.7 years. The ratio between patients with white and non-white skin color was 9: 1, and that of women and men was 14: 1. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis accounted for 70%, and the minimum degree of disability for 60%. The 48.27%, 41.37% and 37.93% of the patients had supratentorial and infratentorial lesions and two to four in number, respectively. Conclusions: female gender predominated with the age at debut between 20 to 29 years. Motor, sensory and cerebellar alterations were the most common symptoms. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis was the predominant clinical presentation and minimal degree of disability. Supratentorial and infratentorial lesions and the number of lesions in number two to four were the most frequent; most of the cases had a change in intensity of the corpus callosum.

RESUMEN Introducción: la esclerosis múltiple es una enfermedad desmielinizante, degenerativa, crónica, autoinmune e inflamatoria, que afecta al sistema nervioso central. Esta afección constituye la primera causa de invalidez neurológica en adultos jóvenes. Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes con diagnóstico de esclerosis múltiple ingresados en el servicio de Neurología del Hospital Universitario Clínico-Quirúrgico «Arnaldo Milián Castro». Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal con los pacientes con diagnóstico de esclerosis múltiple ingresados en el servicio de Neurología del Hospital Universitario Clínico-Quirúrgico «Arnaldo Milián Castro», Santa Clara, Villa Clara, durante el período de enero 2018 - diciembre 2019; la población de estudio quedó constituida por 30 pacientes. Resultados: el promedio de edad de debut fue de 38,7 años. La relación entre pacientes con color de piel blanca y no blanca fue 9:1, y la de mujeres y hombres de 14:1. La esclerosis múltiple recidivante-remitente representó el 70 %, y el grado mínimo de discapacidad el 60 %. El 48,27 %, 41,37 % y 37,93 % de los pacientes presentaron lesiones supratentoriales, infratentoriales y en número de dos a cuatro, respectivamente. Conclusiones: predominó el sexo femenino con edad de debut entre los 20 a 29 años. Los síntomas más comunes fueron: las alteraciones motoras, sensitivas y cerebelosas. La forma clínica de presentación predominante fue la esclerosis múltiple recidivante-remitente y el grado de discapacidad mínimo. Las lesiones supratentoriales e infratentoriales y la cantidad de lesiones en número dos a cuatro fueron las más frecuentes; la mayoría de los casos presentó cambio de intensidad del cuerpo calloso.

12.

A qualitative study on factors associated with intimate partner violence in Colombia
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Lennon, Shirley Evelyn

; Aramburo, Adriana María Ramírez

; Garzón, Eliana Maritza Morales

; Arboleda, María Adelaida

; Fandiño-Losada, Andrés

; Pacichana-Quinayaz, Sara Gabriela

; Muñoz, Gloria Inés Rodas

; Gutiérrez-Martínez, María Isabel

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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sep 2021, Volume 26 N. 9 Pages 4205 - 4216

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021269.21092020 157 downloads

13.

Epidural anesthesia for cesarean section with 0.125% versus 0.25% bupivacaine: An Ecuadorian prospective cohort
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Díaz-Pérez, Nelly

; Bajaña-Chávez, Carlos

; Cañola-Cortez, Rocío

; Delgado-Intriago, Yury

; Álvarez-Narváez, Manuel

; Torres-Herrera, Carlos

; Frías-Toral, Evelyn

; Rodríguez-Morales, Katia

; Puga-Tejada, Miguel

Cirugía y cirujanos

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aug 2021, Volume 89 N. 4 Pages 476 - 483

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: In a cesarean section, epidural analgesia with 0.125% bupivacaine and 1.5% lidocaine or 0.25% bupivacaine with 1.0% lidocaine concentrations can be used. A higher concentration of bupivacaine reaches better analgesia but with a higher rate of drug-related adverse events. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess analgesia and safety of 0.125% bupivacaine and 1.5% lidocaine or 0.25% bupivacaine with 1.0% lidocaine during cesarean. Materials and methods: Prospective cohort stratified following both bupivacaine concentrations. Results: One hundred women with full-term pregnancies were selected (fifty per cohort). At 20 and 30 min after epidural administration, there was a higher proportion of motor blockade cases from the 0.125% bupivacaine and 1.5% lidocaine cohort (p = 0.0229 and p = 0.0006, respectively). There was no significant difference among sensitive blockage. A 0.25% bupivacaine and 1.0% lidocaine concentration showed a tendency to hypotension (p < 0.001) and bradycardia (p = 0.4100). From 0.125% bupivacaine and 1.5% lidocaine cohort, 25 cases (50%) presented at least one adverse event; in contrast with 44/50 (88%) from 0.25% bupivacaine and 1.0% lidocaine cohort (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In epidural analgesia during cesarean, using 0.125% bupivacaine and 1.5% lidocaine presented similar analgesia than 0.25% bupivacaine and 1.0% lidocaine. However, a higher bupivacaine concentration is significantly related to more frequent drug-related adverse events (especially hypotension).

Resumen Antecedentes: En una cesárea se puede emplear analgesia epidural con bupivacaína 0.125% and lidocaína 1.5% ó bupivacaína 0.25% and lidocaína 1.0%. Una concentración mayor de bupivacaína alcanza mayor analgesia con más eventos adversos. Objetivo: evaluar la analgesia y seguridad de bupivacaína 0.125% and lidocaína 1.5% ó bupivacaína 0.25% and lidocaína 1.0%. Materiales y métodos: Cohorte prospectivo estratificado según ambas concentraciones de bupivacaína. Resultados: Se recuperó cien gestantes a término (cincuenta por cohorte). A los 20 y 30 minutos tras la administración epidural hubo más casos con mayor bloqueo motor en quienes se empleó bupivacaína 0.125% and lidocaína 1.5% (p = 0.0229 y p = 0.0006, respectivamente). No hubo diferencia significativa respecto al bloqueo sensitivo. Bupivacaína 0.25% and lidocaína 1.5% mostró una tencencia a la hipotensión (p < 0.001) y a la bradicardia (p = 0.4100). De la cohorte de bupivacaína 0.125% and lidocaína 1.5%, 25 casos (50%) presentaron cuando menos un evento adverso, en contraste con 44/50 (88%) de la cohorte de bupivacaína 0.25% and lidocaína 1.0% (p < 0.001). Conclusión: En la analgesia epidural durante cesárea, bupivacaína 0.125% and lidocaína 1.5% está asociado con un efecto analgésico similar a bupivacaína 0.25% and lidocaína 1.0%. Sin embargo, mayores concentraciones están significativamente relacionadas con mayor tasa de eventos adversos (especialmente hipotensión).

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.20000567 48 downloads

14.

Diferencias en paisajes sonoros de sistemas silvopastoriles y potreros tradicionales del piedemonte llanero, Meta, Colombia
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Morales Rozo, Andrea

; Lizcano, Diego J.

; Montoya Arango, Sergio

; Velásquez Suarez, Álvaro

; Álvarez Daza, Evelyn

; Acevedo-Charry, Orlando

Biota colombiana

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jun 2021, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 74 - 95

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Registramos el paisaje sonoro en cuatro fincas ganaderas en el piedemonte llanero del departamento del Meta, Colombia. Se utilizaron ocho grabadoras acústicas, cuatro en silvopastoriles de potreros arbolados y cuatro en sistemas de ganadería tradicional. Cada grabadora estuvo grabando 1 minuto cada 10 minutos, durante un promedio de 4 días, en noviembre de 2019. Se obtuvieron 4743 grabaciones de un minuto, 57.3% para sistemas de potreros tradicionales y 42.7% para potreros arbolados. Se encontraron diferencias en la actividad acústica y el uso del espacio acústico, el cual está relacionado a la distancia a las quebradas. Las variables distancia a vías y a quebradas explicaron la variación de riqueza de aves y anuros, la cual fue menor para potreros arbolados en relación a los potreros tradicionales, lo que puede estar relacionado con el diseño del sistema silvopatoril (monocultivo de falso yopo, Mimosa trianae). Futuras iniciativas silvopastoriles deberían incluir diseños más diversos para poder contrastar el tipo de métricas evaluadas en este estudio.

Abstract We recorded the soundscape at four cattle ranches at the foothills of the Meta department, Colombia. We used eight acoustic recorders, four in silvopastoral systems and four in traditional cattle systems. Each recorder operated for 1 minute every 10 minutes, for an average of 4 days, in November 2019. We obtained 4743 one-minute recordings, 57.3% for traditional cattle systems and 42.7% for silvopastoral systems. Differences were found in the acoustic activity and use of the acoustic space, which are related to the distance to the streams. The variables distance to roads and streams explain the variation in richness of bird and anuran, which was lower in silvopastoral systems than traditional cattle systems. This may be related to the design of the silvopatoral system (Mimosa trianae monoculture). Future silvopastoral initiatives should include more diverse designs in order to contrast the type of metrics evaluated in this study.

https://doi.org/10.21068/c2021.v22n01a05 295 downloads

15.

“Acta Médica del Centro”: análisis bibliométrico de la literatura científica publicada en el período comprendido entre 2007 y 2019
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Morales Fernandez, Tania

; Martínez Ramos, Aide Teresita

; Rivas Corria, Betsy

; Diago Gómez, Anamarys

; Clavero Fleites, Leidy

; Martínez Bernal, Sayli

; González Moro, Leidys Evelyn

Acta Médica del Centro

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jun 2021, Volume 15 N. 2 Pages 163 - 175

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: bibliometrics is a means of situating the production of a country in relation to the world, an institution in relation to their country and scientists in relation to their own communities. Objectives: Analyze the scientific production contained in the journal “Acta Médica del Centro” in the period 2007-2019, through bibliometric indicators. Methods: the application of metric techniques led to obtaining data from a quantitative point of view on the production of the magazine in all the years it was published. The following were determined as indicators: productivity by years, authors, articles produced / cited, percentage of inbreeding, occasional or transitory authors, transience index, distribution of authors according to their productivity, most cited authors, h-index, producing institutions, typology of articles and keywords. Results: 2011 was the most productive year and 2014 was the most cited. The author with the highest productivity index was Dr. Luis Alberto Santos Pérez. 346 transitory authors were found for a transitory index of 67%. 95% of the authors have published between 1 and 4 articles in the journal. 34% were original works. Conclusions: the journal kept oscillating the number of works published per year. There is no presence of editorial inbreeding. The visibility of the journal's scientific production is 32% and the authors' h-index is very low. Scientific production is mainly centered on authors from the “Arnaldo Milián Castro” Clinical-Surgical Hospital, which is why institutional inbreeding is observed.

RESUMEN Introducción: la bibliometría constituye un medio para situar la producción de un país con respecto al mundo, una institución en relación con su país y los científicos en relación con sus propias comunidades. Objetivos: analizar la producción científica contenida en la Revista “Acta Médica del Centro” en el período comprendido entre 2007 y 2019 a través de indicadores bibliométricos. Métodos: la aplicación de técnicas métricas propició que se obtuvieran datos desde el punto de vista cuantitativo sobre la producción de la revista en todos los años que se editó. Se determinaron como indicadores: productividad por años, autores, artículos producidos/citados, por ciento de endogamia, autores ocasionales o transitorios, índice de transitoriedad, distribución de los autores según su productividad, autores más citados, índice h, instituciones productoras, tipología de artículos y palabras clave. Resultados: el año más productivo fue 2011 y el más citado fue 2014. El autor de mayor índice de productividad fue el Dr. Luis Alberto Santos Pérez. Se encontraron 346 autores transitorios, para un índice de transitoriedad del 67%. El 95% de los autores han publicado entre uno y cuatro artículos en la revista. El 34% fueron trabajos originales. Conclusiones: la revista mantuvo de forma oscilante el número de trabajos publicados por año. No existe presencia de endogamia editorial. La visibilidad que tiene la producción científica de la revista es de un 32% y el índice h de los autores es muy escaso. La producción científica se centraliza principalmente en autores del Hospital “Arnaldo Milián Castro”, por lo que se observa endogamia institucional.

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