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Effect of ultrasound on Biceps femoris muscle tenderization in Nellore cattle
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Schuch, Alexia Francielli

; Kalschne, Daneysa Lahis

; Menegotto, Anne Luize Lupatini

; Almeida, Fernanda Salbego Colombari de

; Corso, Marinês Paula

; Buzanello, Rosana Aparecida da Silva

; Torquato, Alex Sanches

; Flores, Eder Lisandro de Moraes Barin, Juliano Smanioto Canan, Cristiane

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 N. 2 elocation e20220612

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: The effect of ultrasound on Biceps femoris muscle tenderness was investigated using a 22 Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) with triplicates at the central point. We evaluated the following independent variables: ultrasound intensity ranging from 11.30 to 33.90 W cm-2 and exposure time between 35 and 205 s. The ultrasound bath’s frequency (80 kHz) and temperature (10 ºC) were the fixed ones. To validate the model, the muscle was treated at the CCRD’s optimized condition (80 kHz, 22.60 W cm-2, 120 s, 10 ºC) evaluated, and compared with the muscle control sample (non-treated). A 22% shear force reduction was observed compared to the control sample (no ultrasound treatment) after 144 h, and stored at 5 ºC. Moreover, a sarcoplasmic calcium concentration increase was noted for ultrasound-treated muscle, probably activating the calpain enzyme system. In contrast, no significant influence (P > 0.05) was observed for pH, color index, lipid oxidation, water holding capacity, and drip loss by ultrasound treatment at the optimized conditions. Therefore, ultrasound application is promising and suitable for improving muscle tenderness without losing meat quality. This study highlighted the ultrasound effect on the tenderness of a less studied muscle (Biceps femoris) by combining short ultrasound exposure (120 s) and an 80 kHz frequency.

RESUMO: O efeito do ultrassom sob a maciez do músculo Biceps femoris foi avaliado usando um Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional (DCCR) 22 com triplicatas no ponto central. As variáveis independentes estudadas foram a intensidade do ultrassom que variou de 11,30 a 33,90 W cm-2 e o tempo de exposição de 35 e 205 s. A frequência do banho de ultrassom (80 kHz) e a temperatura (10 ºC) foram fixas. Para validar o modelo, a carne foi tratada na condição otimizada do DCCR (80 kHz, 22,60 W cm-2, 120 s, 10 ºC), avaliada e comparada à amostra controle (não tratada). Uma redução de 22% na força de cisalhamento foi observada em comparação à amostra controle após 144 h e armazenada a 5 ºC. Além disso, um aumento da concentração de cálcio sarcoplasmático foi observado para o músculo tratado com ultrassom, o que provavelmente ativou o sistema enzimático da calpaína. Em contraste, o tratamento com ultrassom nas condições otimizadas não influenciou significativamente (P > 0,05) o pH, cor, oxidação lipídica, capacidade de retenção de água e perda de gotejamento. Portanto, a aplicação do ultrassom é promissora e adequada para melhorar a maciez do músculo sem perder a qualidade da carne. Este estudo destacou o efeito do ultrassom na maciez de um músculo pouco estudado (Biceps femoris) ao combinar exposição curta ao ultrassom (120 s) e uma frequência de 80 kHz.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220612

Prevalence and exposure variables of latent infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthcare workers
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Santos, Raphael Sampaio dos

; Santos, Katerine Moraes dos

; Abreu, Angela Maria Mendes

; Paula, Cristiane Cardoso de

; Zeitoune, Regina Célia Gollner

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2024, Volume 77 Suppl. 2 elocation e20240052

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMEN Objetivos: Identificar en la literatura científica la prevalencia, los medios de diagnóstico y las variables de exposición de la Infección Latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis en trabajadores de la salud. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de la literatura científica a partir de la siguiente pregunta de revisión: ¿Cuáles son las evidencias científicas disponibles en la literatura que abordan la prevalencia de la infección latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis en trabajadores de la salud y su asociación con posibles factores de riesgo entre estos trabajadores? Resultados: Ser médico o enfermero, tener mayor edad y ser del sexo masculino, en general, está asociado a mayores prevalencias. El estudio también mostró que los ensayos de liberación de interferón gamma fueron más utilizados como medio diagnóstico en comparación con las pruebas cutáneas. Consideraciones Finales: Son necesarios más estudios en relación con la epidemiología de la Infección Latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis en el contexto de los trabajadores de la salud, con el objetivo de implementar acciones de mayor impacto que contribuyan a la reducción de la Tuberculosis en el mundo.

RESUMO Objetivos: Identificar na literatura científica a prevalência, os meios de diagnósticos e variáveis de exposição da Infecção Latente pelo Mycobacterium Tuberculosis em trabalhadores da saúde. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura científica a partir da seguinte pergunta de revisão: Quais as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura que abordam a prevalência da infecção latente pelo Mycobacterium Tuberculosis em trabalhadores da saúde e sua associação com possíveis fatores de risco entre estes trabalhadores? Resultados: Ser médico ou enfermeiro, ter idade mais avançada e ser do sexo masculino, em geral, está associado a maiores prevalências. O estudo mostrou também que, os ensaios de liberação de interferon gama, foram mais utilizados como meio diagnóstico quando comparados aos testes cutâneos. Considerações Finais: São necessários mais estudos em relação à epidemiologia da Infecção Latente pelo Mycobacterium Tuberculosis no contexto dos trabalhadores da saúde visando ações de maior impacto contribuindo para redução da Tuberculose no mundo.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify in the scientific literature the prevalence, diagnostic methods, and exposure variables of latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthcare workers. Methods: An integrative review of the scientific literature based on the following review question: What are the available scientific evidence in the literature that address the prevalence of latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthcare workers and its association with possible risk factors among these workers? Results: Being a physician or nurse, being older, and being male were generally associated with higher prevalences. The study also showed that interferon-gamma release assays were more commonly used as a diagnostic method compared to skin tests. Conclusions: More studies are needed regarding the epidemiology of latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the context of healthcare workers, aiming for higher impact actions that contribute to the reduction of tuberculosis worldwide.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0052

2023 Brazilian Society of Rheumatology guidelines for the treatment of systemic sclerosis
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Kayser, Cristiane Delgado, Sandra Maximiano de Oliveira Zimmermann, Adriana Fontes Horimoto, Alex Magno Coelho Del Rio, Ana Paula Toledo Müller, Carolina de Souza Camargo, Cintia Zumstein Lupo, Cristiano Michelini Moraes, Daniela Aparecida de Do Rosário E Souza, Eduardo José Santos, Flávia Patrícia Sena Teixeira Sekiyama, Juliana Yuri Lonzetti, Lilian Scussel Martins, Lucas Victória de Oliveira Bezerra, Mailze Campos Bredemeier, Markus Oliveira, Maria Carolina Salgado, Maria Cecília da Fonseca Miossi, Renata Fontenele, Sheila Márcia de Araújo Hax, Vanessa Dantas, Andrea Tavares Sampaio-Barros, Percival Degrava

Advances in Rheumatology

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2024, Volume 64 elocation 52

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare chronic autoimmune disease with heterogeneous manifestations. In the last decade, several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate new treatment options for SSc. The purpose of this work is to update the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology in light of the new evidence available for the pharmacological management of SSc. Methods A systematic review including randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for predefined questions that were elaborated according to the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO) strategy was conducted. The rating of the available evidence was performed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. To become a recommendation, at least 75% agreement of the voting panel was needed. Results Six recommendations were elaborated regarding the pharmacological treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon, the treatment (healing) and prevention of digital ulcers, skin involvement, interstitial lung disease (ILD) and gastrointestinal involvement in SSc patients based on results available from RCTs. New drugs, such as rituximab, were included as therapeutic options for skin involvement, and rituximab, tocilizumab and nintedanib were included as therapeutic options for ILD. Recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of scleroderma renal crisis and musculoskeletal involvement were elaborated based on the expert opinion of the voting panel, as no placebo-controlled RCTs were found. Conclusion These guidelines updated and incorporated new treatment options for the management of SSc based on evidence from the literature and expert opinion regarding SSc, providing support for decision-making in clinical practice.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00392-w

Qualitative and quantitative characterization of waste layers fed diets containing mineral sources and rosemary oil levels
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Carvalho, Kelly Cristina Nunes

; Xavier, Cristiane Almeida Neves

; Silva, Adriane de Andrade

; Garcia, Elis Regina de Moraes

; Sanches, Danilo de Souza

; Kiefer, Charles

; Santos, Tânia Mara Baptista dos

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2024, Volume 25 elocation 77674E

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Realizou-se este estudo com o objetivo de avaliar fontes de minerais e de níveis do óleo de alecrim na dieta de poedeiras comerciais sobre as características qualitativas e quantitativas dos dejetos gerados. Os dejetos foram provenientes de 288 poedeiras comerciais da linhagem HyLine Brown (poedeiras semipesadas) com 30 semanas de idade, durante o período de 112 dias (4 ciclos de 28 dias). Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 2x3 com medidas repetidas no tempo (16 repetições), sendo duas fontes minerais (inorgânica e orgânica) e três níveis de óleo de alecrim (0, 100 e 200 mg kg-1). Semanalmente os dejetos foram coletados, pesados e realizados os cálculos de produção de dejetos, coeficiente de resíduo (Cr) e as análises de sólidos totais (ST), sólidos voláteis (SV), pH, macro e microminerais. As fontes de minerais afetaram as características qualitativas dos dejetos. Os níveis de óleo de alecrim afetaram as características quantitativas e qualitativas do dejeto gerado. Concluiu-se que dietas contendo mineral orgânico resultam em dejetos com menor poder poluente por apresentar menores valores de ST, pH, N total e P total. O óleo de alecrim aumenta a produção de dejetos na MN e aumenta os valores de ST e SV nos dejetos das poedeiras causando maior impacto ambiental.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mineral sources and rosemary oil levels in the diet of commercial layers on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the waste generated. Manure was obtained from 288 commercial laying hens of the HyLine Brown lineage (semi-heavy layers) at 30 weeks of age over a period of 112 d (four cycles of 28 d). A completely randomized design was used with a 2×3 factorial scheme with repeated measures over time (16 repetitions), with two mineral sources (inorganic and organic) and three levels of rosemary oil (0, 100, and 200 mg kg-1). The waste was collected weekly, weighed, and the calculations of waste production, residue coefficient (RC) were performed. Also analyses of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), pH, macro-, and micro-minerals were performed. Mineral sources affect the quality characteristics of the manure. The amount of rosemary oil affected the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the waste generated. It was concluded that diets containing organic minerals resulted in waste with less polluting power, as it had a lower TS, pH, total N, and total P values. Rosemary oil increased manure production in natural matter (NM) and increased the TS and VS values in the manure layer, causing a greater environmental impact.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v25e-77674e

Assessing the Knowledge of Parents and Guardians about Dental Trauma in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Study
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Castro, Marcelo Fernandes de

; Caetano, Nicole

; Moraes, Patrícia Rodrigues

; Molina, Renata Cristiane da Silva

; Oliveira, Jasiel de

; Tanaka, Marcia H.

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

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2024, Volume 24 elocation e230109

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of parents or guardians about dental trauma in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: After signing the Free and Informed Consent, the children's parents answer the online questionnaires about dental trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Of a total of 89 questionnaires, only 84 were answered, and 75.3% experienced dentoalveolar trauma, of which 65.5% exhibited fractures. Most affected teeth (92.2%) were deciduous, and 7.8% were permanent. Furthermore, 53.73% of the trauma involved anterior teeth, only 7.46% affected posterior teeth, and 4.48% included anterior and posterior teeth. Most participants (74.2%) had never received information about dental trauma, and 25.8% had received prior instruction. Many (74%) did not take the affected tooth or fragment to the emergency room. Following the accidents, 38.2% feared brushing their children's teeth, and 28.1% did not. Conclusion: Dentoalveolar trauma in children is common and occurs more often at home or school. Dental trauma affected the deciduous teeth, especially the anterior teeth. Many parents lack knowledge on how to respond to and care for dental trauma in children. Providing informative guidance to parents and guardians is essential for preventing and managing childhood dental injuries, even during the COVID-19 pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2024.084

Characterization and anaerobic digestion of manure from pigs submitted to feed restriction or supplemented with ractopamine or chromium
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Rosa, Elaine Mariza

; Xavier, Cristiane Almeida Neves

; Kiefer, Charles

; Arruda, Leide Daiana de Oliveira

; Andrade, Willian Rufino

; Sanches, Danilo de Souza

; Garcia, Elis Regina de Moraes

; Santos, Tânia Mara Baptista dos

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2024, Volume 25 elocation 77719E

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Realizou-se este estudo com o objetivo de caracterizar a produção e a digestão anaeróbia de dejetos de suínos em terminação submetidos a restrição alimentar ou suplementados com ractopamina ou cromo. Os dejetos foram provenientes de 50 suínos machos castrados, em fase de terminação, com ± 154 dias de idade, com peso inicial de 99,0 ± 4,4 kg e final de 117,2 ± 5,8 kg. As dietas experimentais foram: controle (dieta convencional); restrição qualitativa (redução de 7,5% de energia líquida em relação à dieta controle); restrição quantitativa (redução de 15% no fornecimento de ração); cromo (0,8 mg); e ractopamina (10 ppm). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância por meio do delineamento em blocos ao acaso, no qual as semanas de análises foram consideradas como blocos (cofator). Não foram observadas diferenças entre as dietas nas produções de dejetos na matéria natural (MN), matéria seca (MS), matéria mineral (MM) e matéria orgânica (MO). Animais que receberam a dieta controle apresentaram o maior coeficiente de resíduo e não houve diferença entre as demais dietas. Não foram observadas diferenças entre as dietas para sólidos totais, pH e nitrogênio total dos afluentes e efluentes. O maior rendimento de biogás (574 mL g-1 de SV adicionados) foi obtido com os digestores abastecidos com dejetos de animais alimentados com dieta qualitativamente restrita. Conclui-se que a dieta com restrição qualitativa resulta em maior produção de dejetos, porém com menores excreções de nitrogênio e fósforo e maior rendimento de biogás.

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the production and anaerobic digestion of manure from finishing pigs subjected to feed restriction or supplemented with ractopamine or chromium (Cr). The waste came from 50 barrows in the finishing phase, aged ± 154 days, with a starting weight of 99.0 ± 4.4 kg and a final weight of 117.2 ± 5.8 kg. The experimental diets were as follows: control (conventional diet), qualitative restriction (7.5% reduction in net energy compared to the control diet), quantitative restriction (15% reduction in feed supply), Cr (0.8 mg), and ractopamine (10 ppm). The data were subjected to an analysis of variance using a randomized block design, in which the weeks of analysis were considered blocks (cofactors). There were no differences in manure production between the diets regarding natural matter (NM), dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), or organic matter (OM). Animals fed the control diet had the highest residue coefficient, and there was no difference among the other diets. No differences were observed among the diets regarding total solids, pH, or total nitrogen in the tributaries or effluents. The highest biogas yield (574 mL g-1) of added volatile solids (VS) was obtained in the digesters supplied with manure from animals fed a qualitatively restricted diet. It can be concluded that a qualitatively restricted diet results in higher manure production but with lower nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and higher biogas yields.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v25e-77719e

Anaerobic digestion of manure from laying hens fed diets containing different mineral sources and rosemary oil levels
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Carvalho, Kelly Cristina Nunes

; Xavier, Cristiane de Almeida Neves

; Silva, Adriane de Andrade

; Garcia, Elis Regina de Moraes

; Sanches, Danilo de Souza

; Kiefer, Charles

; Santos, Tânia Mara Baptista dos

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 N. 12 elocation e20220650

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estabilidade no processo de digestão anaeróbia e a produção de biogás dos dejetos de poedeiras alimentadas com dietas contendo diferentes fontes de minerais e níveis de óleo de alecrim. Os dejetos foram provenientes de 288 poedeiras semipesadas, com 30 semanas de idade, colhidos por 112 dias. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 2x3, com medidas repetidas no tempo, sendo as dietas com duas fontes minerais (inorgânica e orgânica) e três níveis de óleo de alecrim (0, 100 e 200 mg kg-1). Foram utilizados 12 biodigestores contínuos (7,5 kg), operados com tempo de retenção hidráulica de 30 dias, com cargas diárias com 5% de sólidos totais, por 90 dias. Foram realizadas análises semanais do afluente e efluente mensurando-se os valores de sólidos totais (ST), sólidos voláteis (SV), pH, nitrogênio amoniacal (N amoniacal), alcalinidade parcial (AP), alcalinidade intermediária (AI) e a relação AP:AI; quinzenalmente análises das concentrações de nitrogênio total (N) e de fósforo total (P) e diariamente mensuradas as produções de biogás para calcular o potencial de produção de biogás do dejeto. Dejetos de poedeiras alimentadas com minerais orgânicos apresentam maior potencial de produção de biogás, maiores reduções de ST e SV em relação àquelas alimentadas com minerais inorgânicos. A adição de óleo de alecrim na dieta de poedeiras não oferece riscos de falência para o processo de digestão anaeróbia.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the stability of anaerobic digestion and biogas production from the manure of laying hens fed diets containing different mineral sources and rosemary oil concentrations. Manure was obtained from 288 semi-heavy laying hens, 30 weeks old, and collected for 112 days. A completely randomized design was used in a 2×3 factorial scheme with repeated measures, considering two mineral sources (inorganic and organic) and three concentrations of rosemary oil (0, 100, and 200 mg kg-1). Twelve continuous bench digesters (7.5 kg) were operated with a hydraulic retention time of 30 days and daily loads of 5% total solids, for 90 days. A weekly analysis of influents and effluents was performed by measuring the values of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), pH, ammonia nitrogen (ammonia N), intermediary alkalinity (IA), partial alkalinity (PA), and the relationship IA:PA; biweekly analysis of total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) concentrations; and daily measurement of biogas production data to calculate the biogas production potential of the manure. Manure from laying hens fed with organic minerals has greater potential for biogas production and greater TS and VS reduction than manure from hens supplemented with inorganic minerals. Laying hen diets containing up to 200 mg kg-1 of rosemary oil do not present the risk of anaerobic digestion failure.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220650

Drosophila melanogaster as a Biotechnological Tool to Investigate the Close Connection Between Fatty Diseases and Pesticides
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de Oliveira-Júnior, Fabiano Cláudio

; Oliveira, Ana Caroline Pimentel de

; Pansa, Camila Cristiane

; Molica, Letícia Ramos

; Moraes, Karen C. M.

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2024, Volume 67 elocation e24230091

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem developed by different etiologies, which induces metabolic dysfunctions and triglycerides accumulation in hepatocytes. This lipid accumulation can generate lipotoxicity, inflammation and the production of reactive oxygen species, collaborating with the progression of liver pathogenesis to more deleterious stage. Among the elements that initiate the establishment of liver diseases, pesticides should be considered. Worldwide, the use of agricultural chemicals to increase food production may accumulate in the environment, affecting non-target organisms. Thus, worldwide legislation must control pesticides use to preserve economies and lives. In this context, to address pesticide toxicity, the alternative animal model, Drosophila melanogaster, emerges as relevant biotechnological tool to investigate molecular connectors of toxic mechanisms in the establishment and development of NAFLD and liver diseases. In this review a comprehensive explanation about pesticides on human health and the use of Drosophila melanogaster as an alternative approach to defeat NAFLD will be presented.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024230091

Evaluation of cardiac autonomic function and low-grade inflammation in children with obesity living in the Northeast Brazilian region
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Costa, Paulo César Trindade

; Souza, Joelma Rodrigues de

; Lima, Poliana Correia

; Duarte, Davyson Barbosa

; Neves, Thallyta Alanna Ferreira Viana das

; Pereira, Joicy Karla Grangeiro

; Silva-Luis, Cristiane Cosmo

; Moraes, Rúbia Cartaxo Squizato de

; Braga, Valdir de Andrade

; Souza, Evandro Leite de

; Martins, Vinícius José Baccin

; Alves, José Luiz de Brito

Jornal de Pediatria

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2024, Volume 100 N. 1 Pages 74 - 80

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective Evaluate autonomic function and low-grade inflammation and characterize the correlation between these variables in schoolchildren with obesity living in the Brazilian northeast region. Methods 84 children with obesity and 41 with normal weight were included in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure (BP), inflammatory biomarkers, and heart rate variability (HRV) indexes were analyzed in children aged 7 to 11 years. Results children with obesity had increased systolic (p= 0.0017) and diastolic (p= 0.0131) BP and heart rate (p= 0.0022). The children with obesity displayed significantly lower SDNN, RMSSD, NN50, HF (ms), HF (nu), SD1, SD2, and higher LF (ms), LF (nu), LF/HF, SD1/SD2, DFA-α1, and DFA-α2, compared to normal weight. A lower and higher capacity for producing IL-10 (p= 0.039) and IL-2 (p= 0.009), respectively, were found in children with obesity compared to children with normal weight. Although IL-2, IL-4 and IL17A did not correlate with HRV parameters, IL-6 was positively correlated with SDNN, LF (ms) and SD2, TNF-α was positively correlated with LF/HF and SD1/SD2 ratio, and IFN-γ was positively correlated with SDNN, RMMSSD, NN50, LF (ms), HF (ms), SD1, and SD2. Conclusions The findings suggest that children with obesity have impaired autonomic function and systemic low-grade inflammation compared to children within the normal weight range, the inflammatory biomarkers were correlated with HRV parameters in schoolchildren living in the northeastern region of Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2023.07.003

10.

Humic fractions of soil carbon under agroforestry system in altitude swamp Pernambucano
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Crespo, Cristiane Maria Gonçalves

; Piscoya, Victor Casimiro

; Moraes, Alex Souza

; França, Manoel Vieira de

; Fernandes, Milton Marques

; Cunha Filho, Moacyr

; Cavalcante, Nayane Laisa de Lima

; Melo, Robson Carlos Pereira de

; Piscoya, Thaisa Folha

; Piscoya-Roncal, Jorge

; Pereira, Ludmilla Morais

; Gomes Filho, Raimundo Rodrigues

; Holanda, Francisco Sandro Rodrigues

; Pedrotti, Alceu

; Castro, Jamilie Brito de

; Araújo Filho, Renisson Neponuceno de

Ciência Florestal

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2024, Volume 34 N. 1 elocation e65061

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A MOS (matéria orgânica do solo) é um reservatório natural de carbono e dividida em diferentes estágios de decomposição conforme sua solubilidade e complexidade estrutural. Diante desse contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar os teores de carbono nas frações húmicas da matéria orgânica do solo sob sistema agroflorestal em três topossequências no brejo de altitude de Pernambuco, Brasil. O estudo foi desenvolvido na fazenda Yaguara, e as áreas estudadas foram mata nativa e três topossequências de sistema agroflorestal. As amostras de solos foram coletadas em trincheiras 1,5 x 1,5 m, nas profundidades 0-20, 20-40 e 40-60 cm, com quatro replicações. As concentrações de carbono nas frações húmicas do solo diminuíram com o aumento da profundidade. A área com sistema agroflorestal teve as maiores concentrações de carbono nas frações húmicas. Os estoques das frações húmicas encontradas em área de sistema agroflorestal apresentaram maiores valores médios em área de topo 5,62, 9,72 e 22,53 Mg ha-1 em relação à mata nativa 4,84, 8,28 e 19,20 Mg ha-1, respectivamente para ácido fúlvico, ácido húmico e humina. Dentre as áreas avaliadas, o solo com sistema agroflorestal área de topo tem grande potencial para aumentar o armazenamento de carbono nas frações húmicas do solo.

ABSTRACT MOS (soil organic matter) is a natural carbon reservoir, and divided into different stages of decomposition according to its solubility and structural complexity. In view of this context, this work aimed to quantify the carbon content in the humic fractions of the soil organic matter under an agroforestry system in three toposequences in the swamp of altitude in Pernambuco, Brazil. The study was carried out on the Yaguara farm, and the studied areas were native forest and three toposequences of agroforestry system. Soil samples were collected in trenches 1.5 x 1.5 m, at depths 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm, with four replications. The carbon concentrations in the humic fractions of the soil decreased with increasing depth. The area with agroforestry system had the highest concentrations of carbon in the humic fractions. The stocks of humic fractions found in the agroforestry system area showed higher average values in the top area 5.62, 9.72 and 22.53 Mg ha-1 in relation to native forest 4.84, 8.28 and 19.20 Mg ha-1, respectively for fulvic acid, humic acid and humine. Among the evaluated areas, the soil with agroforestry system top area has great potential to increase the carbon storage in the humic fractions of the soil.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509865061

11.

The puparium of Cyphomyia wiedemanni (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) found in cassava (Manihot esculenta) roots
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Cirolini, Matheus Moraes Ribeiro

; Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga de

; Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis Pujol

; Luz, José Roberto Pujol

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2024, Volume 64 elocation e202464030

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The puparium of Cyphomyia wiedemanniGerstaecker, 1857 is hereby described for the first time, based on 14 puparia from specimens collected buried in soil and feeding off the roots of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plants in an area of industrial cassava plantation in Distrito Federal (15°35′30″S, 47°42′30″W), Brazil and, reared in controlled lab conditions until the emergence of adults. Unprecedented data on the occurrence of Cyphomyia wiedemanni in Distrito Federal (new record), and the relationship of the larvae with the cassava plants are discussed.

https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2024.64.030

12.

Spatio-temporal trends in mortality due to Chagas disease in the State of Bahia, Brazil, from 2008 to 2018
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Carvalho, Cristiane Medeiros Moraes de

; Ribeiro-Jr, Gilmar

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

; Andrade, Liane Santiago

; Moraes, Cicílio Alves

; Figueiredo, Maria Aparecida Araújo

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2024, Volume 57 elocation e00417-2024

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Chagas disease is a silent illness with high mortality burden in many Latin American countries, such as Brazil. Bahia has the fourth highest mortality rate in Brazil. This study analyzed the temporal trends and regional differences in the mortality rate of Chagas disease in Bahia State from 2008 to 2018. Methods: A time-series analysis of Chagas disease-related deaths was conducted using data from the Mortality Information System of Brazil. We compared the mortality rate due to Chagas disease as the primary cause and mention of the disease in the death certificate, standardized by age and health macroregion/residence municipality, and mapped hot and coldspots. Results: The Chagas Disease Mortality Rate in Bahia during the study period revealed a stationary trend, ranging from 5.34 (2008) to 5.33 (2018) deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. However, the four health macroregions showed an upward trend in mortality rates. The mortality rate (age-adjusted) ranged from 4.3 to 5.1 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants between 2008 and 2018. We observed a upward trend in the mortality rate among individuals aged ≥70 years and a higher incidence of death among men than among women. Of the total number of deaths (8,834), 79.3% had Chagas disease as the primary cause and the death certificates of 20.7% mentioned the disease. Cardiac complications were reported in 85.1% of the deaths due to Chagas disease. Conclusions: The regional and individual differences in the mortality rate of Chagas disease highlighted in this study may support health planning that considers the peculiarities of the territory.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0058-2024

13.

Caracterização morfofisiológica de Araucária angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze para identificação de árvores matrizes
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Pires, Victoria Campos Monteiro

; Guimarães, Cristiane Carvalho

; Moraes, Thatiele Pereira Eufrazio de

; Dionisio, Luiz Fernandes Silva

; Moraes, Cristiano Bueno de

; Silva, Edvaldo Aparecido Amaral da

Ciência Florestal

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2024, Volume 34 N. 4 elocation e68288

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A fragmentação florestal e exploração descontrolada levaram à inclusão de Araucaria angustifolia na lista de espécies brasileiras ameaçadas de extinção, o que culminou na necessidade de identificação de matrizes para coleta de sementes e produção de mudas. Assim, objetivou-se descrever as características morfológicas do material vegetativo de diferentes indivíduos de Araucaria angustifolia, bem como avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes para identificação de matrizes para coleta na área em estudo. Cada árvore foi considerada um indivíduo distinto e, inicialmente, foi realizada a caracterização biométrica de pinhas e sementes. Posteriormente, a avaliação da similaridade foi definida utilizando-se o método da distância Euclidiana e “single linkage method”. O potencial fisiológico das sementes foi determinado através dos testes de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, massa seca e comprimento de plântulas. Os materiais vegetativos estudados apresentaram variação nos dados biométricos, sendo que para as sementes houve, também, diferença nas características fisiológicas. As matrizes 1, 5 e 18 destacaram-se positivamente das demais e a avaliação da biometria, germinação, emergência e comprimento das plântulas foi considerada eficiente para determinação da qualidade fisiológica das sementes. Tais informações podem auxiliar em futuros programas de manejo em áreas de floresta de Araucária da região.

ABSTRACT The forest fragmentation and uncontrolled exploration of the Araucária angustifolia led to the inclusion of this species in the list of Brazilian species threatened with extinction, which culminated in the need to identify parent trees for seed collection and seedling production. Thus, the objective of this work was to describe the morphological characteristics of the different plant materials of Araucaria angustifolia, as well as evaluate the physiological quality of the seeds for the identification of matrix trees for collection in the study area. Each tree was considered a distinct matrix, and initially, the biometric characterization of cones and seeds was performed. Subsequently, the evaluation of similarity was defined using the Euclidean distance method and the “single linkage method”. The physiological potential of the seeds was determined through tests of germination, germination speed index, dry mass and seedling length. The vegetative materials studied presented variation in the biometric data, and for the seeds, there was also a difference in the physiological characteristics. The matrices 1, 5 and 18 stood out positively from the others and the evaluation of biometrics, germination, emergence and seedling length was considered efficient for the determination of the seed’s physiological quality. Such information can help in future management programs in Araucaria forest areas in the region.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509868288

14.

Effect of processing method of rehydrated flint corn grain silage on finishing performance of crossbred Angus × Nellore bulls
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Piran Filho, Francisco Antonio

; Bragatto, Janaina Macieiro

; Parra, Camila Salazar

; Silva, Sillas Mayron da Silva da

; Pinto, Regina Cristiane Cloth

; Moraes, Andresa de

; Santos, Tatiana Carlesso dos

; Jobim, Clóves Cabreira

; Owens, Fredric

; Daniel, João Luiz Pratti

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2024, Volume 53 elocation e20230140

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This trial was designed to evaluate the effect of processing method of rehydrated corn grain silage (RCGS) on feed intake, performance, carcass traits, feeding behavior, rumen morphology, and blood metabolites of cattle in the finishing phase. Thirty-eight F1 Angus × Nellore bulls (365±22 kg) raised under grazing conditions were housed in individual pens (2 × 4 m) for the feeding trial. At the end of the adaptation period, animals were weighed after a 16-h fast, blocked by shrunk body weight, and randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments: GRC, consisting of RCGS that was ground before ensiling using a hammer mill with a uniform 8-mm screen (1.52 mm geometric mean particle size); and RRC, consisting of RCGS that was rolled before ensiling in a roller mill mounted in a bagging machine (2.18 mm geometric mean particle size). Diet ingredients were mixed manually twice daily, at 09:00 and 15:00 h, and offered as total mixed rations in amounts approximately 50 g/kg in excess of daily intake. The experimental diets contained a forage:concentrate ratio of 130:870 g/kg, with 644 g/kg of RCGS. The GRC resulted in greater daily variation in dry matter intake, total-tract digestibility (dry and organic matter), fecal pH, rumen papillae width, and lower first meal duration, meal length, fecal starch, and rumen papillae height than the RRC. However, grinding or rolling RCGS did not affect dry matter intake, growth performance, carcass traits, or health (liver abscesses, ruminitis, serum D-lactate) of finishing beef cattle. Therefore, the processing equipment to make RCGS might be preferable based on equipment availability, milling yield, energy consumption, and diet composition.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5320230140

15.

Using expert-modeling videos in telesimulations to teach pediatric and neonatal nursing
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Gonçalves, Mariane Caetano Sulino

; Domingues, Aline Natalia

; Fonseca, Luciana Mara Monti

; Lima, Regina Aparecida Garcia de

; Lima, Larissa Martiano de

; Okido, Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli

; Pina, Juliana Coelho

; Leite, Adriana Moraes

; Nascimento, Lucila Castanheira

; Furtado, Maria Cândida de Carvalho

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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2024, Volume 32 elocation e4242

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo: medición de la percepción de autoeficacia, autoconfianza y satisfacción de estudiantes universitarios de enfermería durante el uso de expert-modeling videos como estrategia de aprendizaje en el periodo de distanciamiento social. Método: se trató de un estudio descriptivo con estudiantes que cursaban cuidados a recién nacidos y niños hospitalizados en una institución de enseñanza superior de enfermería del interior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Las actividades se organizaron en tres momentos, en tiempo real: pre-briefing , expert-modeling videos y debriefing . Los expert-modeling videos sustituyeron al escenario de simulación clínica durante el distanciamiento social impuesto por la pandemia de COVID-19, con el fin de desarrollar la telesimulación. Se utilizaron escalas específicas validadas para analizar la autoconfianza, la autoeficacia y la satisfacción de los estudiantes. El análisis de contenido evaluó las ventajas e inconvenientes del uso de expert-modeling videos . Resultados: en el estudio participaron 39 estudiantes universitarios. Los participantes mostraron altos niveles de autoconfianza, autoeficacia y satisfacción. Las ventajas de los expert-modeling videos se organizaron en las siguientes categorías: Comodidad, Seguridad y continuidad de los estudios y Método de enseñanza eficaz, y las desventajas en Problemas con la tecnología, Distracciones, Falta de contacto personal y Fatiga mental. Conclusión: las actividades de telesimulación se consolidaron como estrategias que posibilitaron el aprendizaje a distancia en momentos de emergencia de salud por el realismo de la telesimulación, el desarrollo de habilidades en el cuidado de niños y recién nacidos y la articulación entre teoría y práctica.

Objetivo: aferir a percepção da autoeficácia, autoconfiança e satisfação de graduandos em enfermagem durante a utilização do expert-modeling videos como estratégia de aprendizagem, no período de afastamento social. Método: estudo descritivo, com graduandos das disciplinas de cuidado ao recém-nascido e à criança hospitalizados de instituição de ensino superior de enfermagem do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. As atividades foram organizadas em três momentos, em tempo real: prebriefing , expert-modeling videos e debriefing . O expert-modeling videos substituiu o cenário de simulação clínica durante o afastamento social da pandemia da COVID-19, para desenvolvimento de telessimulação. Para análise da autoconfiança, autoeficácia e satisfação dos estudantes, foram utilizadas escalas validadas específicas. A análise de conteúdo avaliou as vantagens e desvantagens do uso do expert-modeling videos . Resultados: participaram do estudo 39 graduandos. Foram encontrados níveis altos de autoconfiança, autoeficácia e satisfação entre os participantes. As vantagens do expert-modeling videos foram organizadas nas seguintes categorias: Conveniência, Segurança e continuidade dos estudos e Método de ensino eficiente, e as desvantagens em Problemas com tecnologia, Distrações, Ausência de contato pessoal e Fadiga mental. Conclusão: as atividades de telessimulação consolidaram-se como estratégias que permitiram o aprendizado em tempos de ensino remoto emergencial pelo realismo da telessimulação com desenvolvimento de habilidades no cuidado à criança e ao neonato e articulação entre teoria e prática.

Objective: to assess the perception of self-efficacy, self-confidence, and satisfaction of undergraduate nursing students during the use of expert-modeling videos as a learning strategy in the period of social distancing. Method: this was a descriptive study with undergraduates studying disciplines of caring for hospitalized newborns and children at a higher education nursing institution in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Activities were organized in three moments, in real time: prebriefing, expert-modeling videos and debriefing. The expert-modeling videos replaced the clinical simulation scenario during the social distancing required by the COVID-19 pandemic, for the development of telesimulation. Specific validated scales were used to analyze students’ self-confidence, self-efficacy and satisfaction. Content analysis assessed the advantages and disadvantages of using expert-modeling videos. Results: thirty-nine undergraduates took part in the study. High levels of self-confidence, self-efficacy and satisfaction were found among the participants. The advantages of expert-modeling videos were organized into the following categories: Convenience, Security and continuity of studies and Efficient teaching method, and the disadvantages into Problems with technology, Distractions, Lack of personal contact and Mental fatigue. Conclusion: telesimulation activities were consolidated as strategies that enabled learning in times of emergency online teaching due to the realness of telesimulation, the development of skills in caring for children and newborns and the link between theory and practice.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.7044.4242

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