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The larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) and the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky continue to cause tremendous losses to stored maize. Research in the UK has identified Beauveria bassiana, IMI 389521 as a suitable control agent for grain storage pests in the UK. The pathogenicity of B. bassiana, IMI 389521 was evaluated against adult P. truncatus, S. zeamais and Teretrius nigrescens in Ghana. Fifty adults of each insect species were treated with 0.5 g dry conidia powder of this isolate at 8.65 x 10(8) conidia/g for 1 minute and mortality recorded daily for 14 days. The results indicated that B. bassiana, is pathogenic against P. truncatus and S. zeamais, inducing over 90% mortality by day 7. Teretrius nigrescens was, however less susceptible to the fungus with 30% mortality. To determine the most effective concentration of B. bassiana for the control of P. truncatus, a laboratory dose response experiment using four concentrations of B. bassiana (10(8)-10(11) cfu/kg maize) was also conducted. Maize grains (250 g) in separate jars were treated with the four concentrations of the product. Fifty adults of P. truncatus were placed into the jars containing the treated maize and mortality was assessed weekly for 3 weeks. The most effective dose was 10(10) cfu/kg maize, which resulted in 96% and 100% mortality of P. truncatus after 2 and 3 weeks, respectively. This study shows that B. bassiana could effectively be integrated into bio-control programme of these two key pests of maize in Ghana after further field trials.

https://doi.org/10.17159/2254-8854/2023/a11734

A machine-learning approach towards solving the invoice payment prediction problem
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Schoonbee, L.

; Moore, W.R.

; van Vuuren, J.H.

South African Journal of Industrial Engineering

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dec 2022, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 126 - 146

Abstract: Af En | Text: Af En | PDF: Af | PDF: En

Maatskappye ondervind dikwels probleme met die invordering van skuld wat deur hul kliënte aangegaan word. As 'n alternatief tot reaktiewe tegnieke wat tradisioneel toegepas word om 'n maatskappy se vermoë om skuld in te vorder, te verhoog, kan voorkomende tegnieke aangewend word om die betalingsgedrag van gereëlde kliënte te voorspel. So 'n voorkomende tegniek, in die vorm van 'n masjienleermodel wat in 'n besluitsteunstelsel ingebed is, word in hierdie artikel voorgestel met die doel om maatskappye te help om skuldinvorderingshulpbronne te prioritiseer na fakture wat waarskynlik laat betaal sal word. Die stelsel is in staat om die betalingsgedrag-uitkomste wat aan fakture gekoppel is, te voorspel as verwagte betalings gedurende een van drie intervalle: 1-30 dae laat, 31-60 dae laat, of minstens 61 dae laat. Die onderliggende model van die besluitsteunstelsel word geïdentifiseer deur 'n algoritme wat die beste presteer uit 'n poel van kandidaat-masjienleeralgoritmes. Hierdie seleksieproses vereis die daarstelling van 'n sinvolle metodologiese benadering. 'n Masjienleer-ontwikkelingspadkaart word vir hierdie doel voorgestel en in 'n praktiese, illustratiewe gevallestudie toegepas wat op werklike industrie-faktuurdata berus.

Companies routinely experience difficulties in collecting debt incurred by their customers. As an alternative to the reactive techniques typically employed to increase a company's ability to collect debt, preventative techniques could be employed to predict the payment behaviour of regular customers. Such a preventative technique, in the form of a machine-learning model embedded within a decision-support system, is proposed in this paper with a view to assisting companies in prioritising debt collection resources to address invoices that are most likely to be paid late. The system is capable of predicting payment behaviour outcomes linked to invoices as anticipating payment receipts during one of three intervals: 1-30 days late, 31-60 days late, or at least 61 days late. The underlying model of the decision support system is identified by selecting a suitable algorithm from among a pool of candidate machine-learning algorithms. This selection process requires the adoption of a sound methodological approach. A machine-learning development roadmap is proposed for this purpose, and applied in a practical, illustrative case study involving real industry invoice data.

https://doi.org/10.7166/33-4-2726

[SciELO Preprints] - ARCHIVING AND LANGUAGE DOCUMENTATION
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Epps, Patience Kung, Susan Smythe Moore, Denny Labrada, Jorge Rosés O’Hagan, Zachary Brandao, Ana Paula

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Publication date: 2022-09-21

Abstract: En Pt

This article is derived from a conference at the ABRALIN ao vivo, held online, in 2020. The goal is to discuss the benefits and challenges associated with archiving in language documentation considering our accumulated knowledge as scholars who are deeply involved in administering, contributing to, and drawing on language archives, with an emphasis on the indigenous languages of Latin America. We focus in particular on the relevance of language archiving in Brazil, and its significance for scholars, community members, and other stakeholders.

Este artigo é oriundo de uma conferência na ABRALIN ao vivo, realizada online, em 2020. O objetivo é discutir os benefícios e desafios associados à documentação e criação de acervos linguísticos considerando nosso conhecimento acumulado como pesquisadores profundamente envolvidos na administração e manutenção de acervos de línguas, com ênfase nas línguas indígenas da América Latina. Focamos na relevância de acervos linguísticos no Brasil e sua importância para a comunidade acadêmica, membros de comunidades indígenas e outras partes interessadas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4755

Leveraging on past investment in understanding the immunology of COVID-19 - the South African experience
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Moyo-Gwete, Thandeka

; Moore, Penny L.

South African Journal of Science

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jun 2022, Volume 118 N. 5-6 Pages 1 - 5

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

SIGNIFICANCE: The COVID-19 pandemic, and in particular the emergence of viral variants, resulted in an enormous global public health crisis. South African scientists, with a long history of studying viral evolution and antibody responses, were well positioned to pivot their research to focus on SARS-CoV-2. Using the expertise and infrastructure developed over decades for HIV vaccine research, South Africa took a leadership role in studying the antibody response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. We describe key scientific outcomes of those studies, and the drivers of a successful national response

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2022/13171 5 downloads

Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Patients Recovering from COVID-19
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López-Marín, Laura

; Bacallao-Méndez, Raymed A.

; Llerena-Ferrer, Betsy

; Badell-Moore, Aymara

; García-Villar, Yamile

; Rodríguez-Leyva, Leticia

; Herrera-Valdés, Raúl

MEDICC Review

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mar 2022, Volume 24 N. 1 Pages 32 - 35

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION During the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, some patients who develop severe forms of COVID-19 present thrombotic microangiopathy in the course of the disease’s clinical progression. METHODS Data came from direct patient observation and clinical records. We performed a kidney biopsy and used optical microscopy and immunofluorescence techniques. RESULTS We present the case of a 78-year-old male patient, mestizo, overweight with a history of high blood pressure, ischemic cardiopathy and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who was first admitted to the hospital due to respiratory symptoms and diarrhea related to COVID-19, from which he recovered. He was subsequently readmitted with symptoms of acute renal dysfunction accompanied by mild anemia and thrombocytopenia; at the same time, he resulted negative for COVID-19 via a real-time polymerase chain reaction test. A kidney biopsy revealed thrombi in glomerular capillaries, acute tubular necrosis, thickening of extraglomerular blood vessel walls, and C3 deposits in the glomerular tufts. CONCLUSIONS We describe a case of thrombotic microangiopathy with kidney biopsy in a patient recovering from COVID-19. Acute renal dysfunction is a form of thrombotic microangiopathy that has been observed in patients recovering from COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.37757/mr2022.v24.n1.2

Use of REBOA in the universe of magical realism: a real-world review
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Manzano-Nuñez, Ramiro

; Chica-Yanten, Julián

; Naranjo, Maria P.

; Caicedo-Holguin, Isabella

; Ordoñez, Juliana M.

; McGreevy, David

; Puyana, Juan C.

; Hõrer, Tal M.

; Moore, Ernest E.

; García, Alberto F.

Colombian Journal of Anestesiology

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mar 2022, Volume 50 N. 1 elocation e301

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Leyendo la novela "Crónica de una muerte anunciada" del Nobel de Literatura Gabriel García Márquez, nos sorprendió reconocer que las heridas provocadas al personaje principal se habrían podido tratar exitosamente en un centro de trauma moderno donde hubieran optado por REBOA. Hacemos referencia al asesinato del señor Nasar para explorar la posibilidad de que se hubiera podido salvar de haberse utilizado REBOA como adyuvante de la cirugía para reanimación y control de la hemorragia. En la lectura de la novela de García Márquez tomamos nota de los sucesos que tuvieron lugar en el momento del asesinato de Santiago Nasar. Para contextualizar la afirmación de que Nasar habría podido sobrevivir si le hubieran manejado sus heridas con REBOA, exploramos e ilustramos lo que habría podido hacerse de otra manera y porqué. El día en que murió, el señor Nasar sufrió múltiples heridas por arma blanca y si bien muchas de ellas fueron en el torso, el libro describe siete heridas mortales que comprometieron los órganos sólidos, además de lesiones vasculares mayores. Presentamos una descripción práctica del algoritmo para el manejo clínico y quirúrgico que habríamos seguido en el caso del señor Nasar. Este algoritmo incluye el uso de REBOA para el control de la hemorragia y la reanimación, el cual, como parte de los procedimientos quirúrgicos realizados, habría podido salvarle la vida a la víctima. Basados en nuestro conocimiento actual acerca del uso de REBOA en la cirugía de trauma, planteamos que, junto con la atención quirúrgica apropiada para controlar la hemorragia, este procedimiento habría podido salvarle la vida a Santiago Nasar y, por tanto, evitar una muerte anunciada.

Abstract While reading the novella "Chronicle of a Death Foretold" by the Colombian Nobel Laureate Gabriel García-Marquez, we were surprised to realize that the injuries sustained by the main character could have been successfully treated had he received modern trauma care in which REBOA may have been considered. This is a discussion of Mr. Nasar's murder to explore whether he could have been saved by deploying REBOA as a surgical adjunct to bleeding control and resuscitation. In reading García-Marquez's novel we noted the events that unfolded at the time of Santiago Nasar's murder. To contextualize the claim that Mr. Nasar could have survived, had his injuries been treated with REBOA, we explored and illustrated what could have done differently and why. On the day of his death, Mr. Nasar sustained multiple penetrating stab wounds. Although he received multiple stab wounds to his torso, the book describes seven potentially fatal injuries, resulting in hollow viscus, solid viscus, and major vascular injuries. We provided a practical description of the clinical and surgical management algorithm we would have followed in Mr. Nasar's case. This algorithm included the REBOA deployment for hemorrhage control and resuscitation. The use of REBOA as part of the surgical procedures performed could have saved Mr. Nasar's life. Based on our current knowledge about REBOA in trauma surgery, we claim that its use, coupled with appropriate surgical care for hemorrhage control, could have saved Santiago Nasar's life, and thus prevent a death foretold.

https://doi.org/10.5554/22562087.e973 29 downloads

Scoping review of 30 years of suicide prevention in university students around the world: efficacy, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness
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Cecchin, Hareli Fernanda Garcia

; Murta, Sheila Giardini

; Macedo, Etiene Oliveira Silva de

; Moore, Rafael Alberto

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

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2022, Volume 35 elocation 22

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT A scoping review of systematic reviews was carried out to identify evidence of efficacy, effectiveness, and costeffectiveness of universal and selective suicide prevention programs among university students worldwide. Five databases were reviewed using terms in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. The following were the inclusion criteria: systematic review or meta-analysis or meta-synthesis, suicide prevention in college students, evaluation of the efficacy, effectiveness and/or cost-effectiveness of interventions, and peer-reviewed studies. The quality of reviews was assessed. The field of study features three decades of publication in high-income countries. The strategy used, the components of the program, and the target audience to which they are delivered interfere with efficacy. In the psychoeducation strategy, the experiential and didactic components are more efficacious in the knowledge about suicide. And the motivational enhancement component promotes greater self-efficacy in suicide prevention. Programs that take a multimodal approach are effective in increasing short-term attitudes related to suicide and reducing rates of completed suicide. The gatekeeper strategy delivered to peer counselors is the most effective one in the outcomes, including short-term and long-term knowledge about suicide and its prevention and self-efficacy in suicide prevention. A greater number of evaluated studies of gatekeeper interventions were identified, indicating a trend in this research field. No review addressed the effects on subgroups that were classified based on sex, racial or sexual minorities, and special (indigenous) populations. Only one study addressed cost-effectiveness, pointing out that the psychoeducation and gatekeeper strategies have relevant net benefit rates, but the gatekeeper strategy has a higher cost–benefit ratio compared to the psychoeducation strategy. The findings indicate that psychoeducation and gatekeeper interventions tend to be more efficacious when they combine education and skills training to intervene in suicidal behavior. The components of the intervention and the target audience to which it is delivered influence efficacy. Multimodal interventions evaluate completed suicide outcomes, but require greater implementation efforts, in terms of human and financial resources and more time for the evaluation.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-022-00227-x

Saúde Cardiovascular e Fibrilação ou Flutter Atrial: Um Estudo Transversal do ELSA-Brasil
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Santos, Itamar S.

; Lotufo, Paulo A.

; Goulart, Alessandra C.

; Brant, Luisa C. C.

; Pinto Filho, Marcelo M

; Pereira, Alexandre C.

; Barreto, Sandhi M.

; Ribeiro, Antonio L. P.

; Thomas, G Neil

; Lip, Gregory Y. H.

; Bensenor, Isabela M.

; Arasalingam, Ajini

; Beane, Abi

; Bensenor, Isabela M

; Brocklehurst, Peter

; Cheng, Kar Keung

; El-Bouri, Wahbi

; Feng, Mei

; Goulart, Alessandra C

; Greenfield, Sheila

; Guo, Yutao

; Guruparan, Mahesan

; Gusso, Gustavo

; Gooden, Tiffany E

; Haniffa, Rashan

; Humphreys, Lindsey

; Jolly, Kate

; Jowett, Sue

; Kumarendran, Balachandran

; Lancashire, Emma

; Lane, Deirdre A

; Li, Xuewen

; Lip (Co-PI), Gregory Y.H.

; Li, Yan-guang

; Lobban, Trudie

; Lotufo, Paulo A

; Manseki-Holland, Semira

; Moore, David J

; Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah

; Olmos, Rodrigo D

; Paschoal, Elisabete

; Pirasanth, Paskaran

; Powsiga, Uruthirakumar

; Romagnolli, Carla

; Santos, Itamar S

; Shantsila, Alena

; Sheron, Vethanayagam Antony

; Shribavan, Kanesamoorthy

; Szmigin, Isabelle

; Subaschandren, Kumaran

; Surenthirakumaran, Rajendra

; Tai, Meihui

; Neil Thomas (Co-PI), G

; Varella, Ana C

; Wang, Hao

; Wang, Jingya

; Zhang, Hui

; Zhong, Jiaoyue

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2022, N. ahead

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A associação entre o status de saúde cardiovascular ideal ( ideal cardiovascular health ( ICVH) e diagnóstico de fibrilação ou flutter atrial (FFA) foi menos estudado em comparação a outras doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivos Analisar a associação entre o diagnóstico de FFA e métricas e escores de ICVH no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Métodos Este estudo analisou dados de 13141 participantes com dados completos. Os traçados eletrocardiográficos foram codificados de acordo com o Sistema de Minnesota, em um centro de leitura centralizado. As métricas do ICVH (dieta, atividade física, índice de massa corporal, tabagismo, glicemia de jeju, e colesterol total) e escores do ICVH foram calculados conforme proposto pela American Heart Association . Modelos de regressão logística bruta e ajustada foram construídos para analisar associações de métricas e escores do ICVH com diagnóstico de FFA. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 0,05. Resultados A idade mediana da amostra foi de 55 anos, e 54,4% eram mulheres. Nos modelos ajustados, os escores de ICVH não apresentaram associação significativa com diagnóstico de FFA prevalente [odds ratio (OR):0,96; intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%):0,80-1,16; p=0,70). Perfis de pressão arterial ideal (OR:0,33; IC95%:0,1-0,74; p=0,007) e colesterol total ideal (OR:1,88; IC95%:1,19-2,98; p=0,007) foram significativamente associados com o diagnóstico de FFA. Conclusões Não foram identificadas associações significativas entre escores de ICVH global e diagnóstico de FFA após ajuste multivariado em nossas análises, devido, ao menos em parte, às associações antagônicas da FFA com métricas de pressão arterial e de colesterol total do ICVH. Nossos resultados sugerem que estimar a prevenção da FFA por meio de escore de ICVH global pode não ser adequado, e as métricas do ICVH devem ser consideradas separadamente.

Abstract Background The association between ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) status and atrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) diagnosis has been less studied compared to other cardiovascular diseases. Objective To analyze the association between AFF diagnosis and ICVH metrics and scores in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods This study analyzed data from 13,141 participants with complete data. Electrocardiographic tracings were coded according to the Minnesota Coding System, in a centralized reading center. ICVH metrics (diet, physical activity, body mass index, smoking, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and total cholesterol) and scores were calculated as proposed by the American Heart Association. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression models were built to analyze the association of ICVH metrics and scores with AFF diagnosis. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results The sample had a median age of 55 years and 54.4% were women. In adjusted models, ICVH scores were not significantly associated with prevalent AFF diagnosis (odds ratio [OR]:0.96; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.80-1.16; p=0.70). Ideal blood pressure (OR:0.33; 95% CI:0.15–0.74; p=0.007) and total cholesterol (OR:1.88; 95% CI:1.19–2.98; p=0.007) profiles were significantly associated with AFF diagnosis. Conclusions No significant associations were identified between global ICVH scores and AFF diagnosis after multivariable adjustment in our analyses, at least partially due to the antagonistic associations of AFF with blood pressure and total cholesterol ICVH metrics. Our results suggest that estimating the prevention of AFF burden using global ICVH scores may not be adequate, and ICVH metrics should be considered in separate.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210970

10.

BRICS and Global Health Diplomacy in the Covid-19 Pandemic: Situating BRICS’ diplomacy within the prevailing global health governance context
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Moore, Candice

Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional

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2022, Volume 65 N. 2 elocation e022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract BRICS have been cast as a bloc with the potential to make significant changes in Global Health. The management of the Covid-19 pandemic has shown divisions in the bloc and the limits of its ability to formulate policies or even act upon previously agreed positions. This paper employs an examination of BRICS Health Ministerial declarations and an analysis of power in International Relations to reflect on BRICS’ Global Health diplomacy during the Covid-19 pandemic, covering the key questions of vaccine research and development, vaccine nationalism, and travel bans. It finds that multiple dimensions of power matter in Global Health leadership.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329202200222

11.

Colorectal cancer in an Eastern Caribbean nation: are we missing an opportunity for secondary prevention?
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Cawich, Shamir O.

; Phillips, Emil

; Moore, Sierra

; Ramkissoon, Solange

; Padmore, Greg

; Griffith, Sahle

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e18

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo. Determinar se houve diferença no estágio da doença detectada no exame de prevenção de câncer colorretal em um país do Caribe. Métodos. Fatores como tipo de apresentação (eletiva vs. de emergência), método de diagnóstico (prevenção vs. detecção sintomática) e estágio da doença foram comparados retrospectivamente em todos os pacientes consecutivos submetidos a cirurgia de ressecção de câncer colorretal em um período de cinco anos. Definiu-se doença em estágio inicial como o tumor passível de ressecção total sem o envolvimento de órgãos adjacentes, gânglios linfáticos ou sítios a distância, e doença localmente avançada como o tumor envolvendo órgãos contíguos, sem metástase a distância, mas passível de resseção curativa. Resultados. Noventa e sete pacientes com média de idade de 64,9 ± 12,2 anos foram tratados devido ao câncer colorretal e apenas 21 (21,6%) tiveram a doença diagnosticada no exame de prevenção. Um percentual significativamente maior de lesões detectadas no exame de prevenção estava em estágio inicial (21,7% vs. 9,3%; p < 0.001). No momento do diagnóstico, os pacientes cujas lesões de câncer colorretal não foram detectadas com o exame de prevenção apresentaram um maior percentual de doença localmente avançada (42,3% vs. 0) ou metastática (26,8% vs. 0). Houve também, entre esses pacientes, uma maior incidência de apresentação em caráter de emergência (26,8% vs. 0). Conclusões. Observou-se uma baixa incidência de câncer colorretal na população deste país do Caribe. Porém, a maioria dos pacientes apresentou doença localmente avançada ou metastática no diagnóstico – uma situação associada a uma menor chance de cura. O percentual de lesões detectadas em estágio inicial com o exame de prevenção foi significativamente maior. As autoridades de saúde devem aproveitar a oportunidade e instituir um programa nacional de prevenção do câncer colorretal.

ABSTRACT Objective. To establish whether there was any difference in disease stage in patients with screening-detected colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Caribbean country. Methods. The mode of presentation (elective vs. emergent), method of diagnosis (screening vs. symptomatic), and disease stage were retrospectively compared in all consecutive patients who had resections for CRC over a five-year period. Early CRC was defined as disease that could be completely resected with no involvement of adjacent organs, lymph nodes, or distant sites. Locally advanced CRC was disease that involved contiguous organs without distant metastases that was still amenable to curative resection. Results. There were 97 patients at a mean age of 64.9 ± 12.2 years treated for CRC, and only 21 (21.6%) had their diagnoses made through screening. Significantly more screening-detected lesions were early-stage CRCs (21.7% vs. 9.3%; p < 0.001). At the time of diagnosis, patients who did not have screening-detected lesions had a greater proportion of locally advanced (42.3% vs. 0) and metastatic (26.8% vs. 0) CRC. Those who did not have screening-detected lesions had a greater incidence of emergency presentations at diagnosis (26.8% vs. 0). Conclusions. The incidence of screening-detected CRC in this Caribbean nation was low. Consequently, most patients presented with locally advanced or metastatic CRC, for which there is less opportunity to achieve a cure. Significantly more screening-detected lesions were early-stage CRCs. It is time for policymakers to develop a national CRC screening program.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Determinar las diferencias en el estadio de la enfermedad en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal diagnosticado mediante un programa de detección sistemática en un país del Caribe. Métodos. Se realizó una comparación en retrospectiva de la modalidad de presentación (programada o de urgencia), el método de diagnóstico (por detección sistemática o por síntomas) y el estadio de la enfermedad en todos los pacientes consecutivos con resecciones por cáncer colorrectal en un período de cinco años. Se definió el cáncer colorrectal en fase inicial o incipiente como una enfermedad que puede extirparse completamente sin la afectación de los órganos adyacentes, los ganglios linfáticos o focos distantes. Se consideró el cáncer colorrectal localmente avanzado como una enfermedad que afecta a los órganos contiguos sin metástasis a distancia y aún susceptible de resección curativa. Resultados. Hubo 97 pacientes de una media de edad de 64,9 ± 12,2 años en tratamiento por cáncer colorrectal y únicamente 21 (21,6%) habían recibido un diagnóstico mediante un programa de detección sistemática. Un número significativamente mayor de los diagnósticos dados por detección sistemática se trató de cáncer colorrectal de fase inicial (21,7 % frente a 9,3 %; p < 0,001). En el momento del diagnóstico, se registró una mayor proporción de cáncer colorrectal localmente avanzado (42,3 % frente a 0) y metastásico (26,8 % frente a 0) en los pacientes sin lesiones diagnosticadas en un programa de detección sistemática. Los pacientes cuyas lesiones no fueron diagnosticadas mediante la detección sistemática registraron una mayor incidencia de presentaciones de urgencia en el momento del diagnóstico (26,8 % frente a 0). Conclusiones. La incidencia de cáncer colorrectal diagnosticado mediante detección sistemática en este país del Caribe fue baja. En consecuencia, la mayoría de los pacientes presentó cáncer colorrectal localmente avanzado o metastásico, cuya oportunidad de cura es menor. Un número significativamente mayor de lesiones diagnosticadas mediante detección sistemática se trató de cáncer colorrectal de fase inicial. Ha llegado el momento de que las personas responsables de las políticas elaboren un programa nacional de detección sistemática de cáncer colorrectal.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2022.18

12.

Condicionantes de la sostenibilidad del sector agrario asociadas a transformaciones sociopolíticas del ámbito cooperativo
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Díaz Machado, Nayibis

; Moore Pedroso, Marielys

; González Marrero, Alfredo

Cooperativismo y Desarrollo

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dec 2021, Volume 9 N. 3 Pages 883 - 904

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Após várias décadas de forte identificação do socialismo com a propriedade estatal, as diretrizes da política agrária dos últimos anos em Cuba, mais favoráveis à autonomia das formas não-estatais de produção, motivaram este artigo, visando fortalecer a abordagem sócio-política da sustentabilidade, particularmente no setor cooperativo. Esta realidade, juntamente com o consenso científico de que o debate sobre as questões políticas envolvidas tem sido pouco sistemático, levou este trabalho a estabelecer o objetivo de avaliar fatores condicionantes potenciais para a sustentabilidade do setor agrícola associados às transformações sócio-políticas na esfera cooperativa cubana. Foram utilizados métodos de análise teórica e histórica, bem como análise sociológica de documentos orientadores da política agrária. O principal resultado expôs uma contínua diversificação da cultura política, com representações sociais desfavoráveis do papel regulatório ou administrativo dos órgãos estatais, a revitalização de práticas não alinhadas com as concepções tradicionais do socialismo e outras fontes de contradições ideológicas, que revelam riscos para a sustentabilidade dos interesses da política agrária, incluindo a preservação do caráter constitucionalmente endossado socialista do setor.

Abstract After several decades of strong identification of socialism with state property, the guidelines of the agrarian policy during the last years in Cuba, more favorable to the autonomy of non-state productive forms, motivated the realization of this article, focused on the strengthening of the socio-political approach of sustainability, particularly in the cooperative sector. This reality, together with the scientific consensus that the debate on the political issues involved has been unsystematic, led this paper to aim at assessing potential conditioning factors for the sustainability of the agrarian sector associated with socio-political transformations in the Cuban cooperative sphere. Theoretical and historical analysis methods were used, as well as sociological analysis of guiding documents for agrarian policy. The main result presented an ongoing diversification of the political culture, carrying unfavorable social representations of the regulatory or administrative role of state instances, the revitalization of practices not related to traditional conceptions of socialism and other sources of ideological contradictions, which reveal risks for the sustainability of agrarian policy interests, related to the preservation, even, of the socialist character of the constitutionally endorsed sector.

Resumen Luego de varias décadas de fuerte identificación del socialismo con propiedad estatal, las directrices de la política agraria durante los últimos años en Cuba, más favorables a la autonomía de formas productivas no estatales, motivaron la realización de este artículo, abocado al fortalecimiento del enfoque sociopolítico de la sostenibilidad, particularmente en el sector cooperativo. Esa realidad, junto al consenso científico en que el debate de cuestiones políticas implicadas ha sido poco sistemático, hizo que este trabajo se planteara como objetivo: valorar potenciales condicionantes para la sostenibilidad del sector agrario asociadas a transformaciones sociopolíticas del ámbito cooperativo cubano. Se emplearon métodos de análisis teórico e histórico, así como análisis sociológico de documentos rectores para la política agraria. El resultado principal expuso una diversificación en curso de la cultura política, portadora de representaciones sociales desfavorables del rol regulador o administrativo de instancias estatales, la revitalización de prácticas no afines a concepciones tradicionales del socialismo y otras fuentes de contradicciones ideológicas, que revelan riesgos para la sostenibilidad de intereses de la política agraria, relativos a la preservación, incluso, del carácter socialista del sector refrendado constitucionalmente.

13.

Guanay: planificación y rehabilitación ecológica para el desarrollo inmobiliario en Puchuncaví, Chile, 2018
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Musalem, Mónica

; Moore, Craig Stuart

; Croxatto, Francisco

ARQ (Santiago)

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aug 2021, N. 108 Pages 130 - 137

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: A forest is not always appropriate. Certain species degrade and deplete soil nutrients, especially in their intensive plantation for industrial purposes. Therefore, to protect vegetation, sometimes the best strategy involves removing trees rather than planting new ones. That is the option taken by this project, in which non-native plantations were removed to let the place’s endemic vegetation grow.

Resumen: Un bosque no siempre es apropiado. Ciertas especies degradan y agotan los nutrientes del suelo, sobre todo en su plantación intensiva con ﬁnes industriales. Por ende, para proteger la vegetación, a veces la mejor estrategia supone remover árboles más que plantar nuevos. Esa es la opción que tomó este proyecto, donde se removieron plantaciones no nativas para dejar crecer la vegetación endémica del lugar.

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14.

Guía de Práctica Clínica de invaginación intestinal en niños
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Hernández Moore, Elizabeth

; Castelló González, Mauro

; Aguilar Atanay, Dayamnelis

; Piovet Dorta, Yonet

; de Mola Pino, Enrique Loret

; Giraudy Zuñiga, Mario

Revista Cubana de Pediatría

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jun 2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e1185

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Intestinal invagination is the most common cause of intestinal occlusion in infants and children under two years of age. Due to its frequency, the diversity of clinical forms and the available treatment variants, this Guideline is made with the aim of achieving early diagnosis in the greatest number of cases and systematizing the updated treatment of this entity in pediatric surgery services. The classic presentation form of it is: colics, vomiting, gooseberry jelly kind of stools and lethargy, only present in 30% of patients. Diagnosis is currently confirmed by ultrasound. Invagination can be treated in two ways: by hydrostatic or pneumatic reduction methods with imaging follow-up, indicated in children with non-complicated invaginations, and surgical treatment. The Clinical Practice Guideline for Intestinal Invagination approved by consensus was presented at the III National Symposium of Pediatric Surgery in Varadero/2019.

RESUMEN La invaginación intestinal es la causa de oclusión intestinal más frecuente en los lactantes y niños menores de dos años. Por su frecuencia, la diversidad de formas clínicas y las variantes de tratamiento disponibles se confecciona esta guía, con el objetivo de lograr el diagnóstico temprano en el mayor número de casos y sistematizar el tratamiento actualizado de esta entidad en los servicios de cirugía pediátrica. La forma de presentación clásica: cólicos, vómitos, deposiciones en jalea de grosella y letargo, solo está presente en el 30 % de los pacientes. Actualmente el diagnóstico se confirma por ecografía. La invaginación puede ser tratada de dos formas: por métodos de reducción hidrostática o neumática con seguimiento por imágenes, indicada en los niños con invaginaciones no complicadas, y tratamiento quirúrgico. Se presenta la Guía de Práctica Clínica de Invaginación intestinal aprobada por consenso en el III Simposio Nacional de Cirugía Pediátrica en Varadero/2019.

15.

Relación entre localización, tiempo de evolución y reductibilidad de la invaginación en niños
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Hernández-Moore, Elizabeth

; Castelló-González, Mauro

; Aguilar-Atanay, Dayamnelis

; López-Guerrero, Ramón

; de-Mola-Pino, Enrique Loret

Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey

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jun 2021, Volume 25 N. 3 elocation e8320

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Background : it has been proposed that the location of intussusception in children is directly related to the length of symptoms, and that the more distal the intussusception is, the lower the rate of reduction. Objective : to determine the relationship of the location of the intussusception with the length of symptoms and the reducibility. Methods : a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in patients between three months and two years of age with intussusception at the Eduardo Agramonte Piña Provincial Pediatric Hospital in Camagüey, from January 2001 to December 2019. The universe of patients consisted of 257 children with intussusception treated by this method, including initial episodes and recurrences.The diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound. Hydrostatic reduction with saline enemas and ultrasound guidance was attempted in all cases that met the inclusion criteria. The studied variables were: location of intussusception, length of symptoms and reducibility. Statistical decision methods were used in the modeling of the phenomenon under study to determine the statistical dependence / independence of the variables. Results: the right colon was the most frequent location of the apex of intussusception. The most distal locations (left colon/sigmoid, rectum and prolapsed), although less frequent, it had a high percentage of reducibility. In these locations, reducibility was high both in patients in the first 24 hours of evolution and in those with 25 to 36 hours of onset of symptoms. Conclusions : direct relationship between location of intussusception and length of symptoms and between location and reducibility was not found.

RESUMEN Fundamento: se ha propuesto que la localización de la invaginación intestinal en niños está en relación directa con el tiempo de evolución y que mientras más distal se encuentre la invaginación, menor sería el índice de reducción. Objetivo : determinar la relación de la localización de la invaginación con el tiempo de evolución y la reductibilidad. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de los pacientes entre tres meses y dos años de edad con invaginación intestinal en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario Eduardo Agramonte Piña de la provincia Camagüey, desde enero de 2001 hasta diciembre de 2019. El universo de pacientes estuvo constituido por 257 niños con invaginaciones tratadas mediante este método, donde incluyó episodios iniciales y recurrencias. El diagnóstico fue confirmado mediante ecografía. Se intentó la reducción hidrostática con enemas de solución salina y guía ecográfica en todos los casos con criterios de inclusión. Las variables estudiadas fueron: localización de la invaginación, tiempo de evolución de los síntomas y reductibilidad. Para la validación de los resultados se utilizaron métodos estadísticos de decisión en la modelación del fenómeno en estudio que permitieran determinar la dependencia/independencia estadística de las variables. Resultados : la localización más frecuente de la invaginación fue el colon derecho. La invaginación en los segmentos más distales: colon izquierdo/sigmoides, recto y prolapso, aunque menos frecuente, tuvo un alto por ciento de reductibilidad. En estas localizaciones, la reductibilidad fue elevada tanto en los pacientes en las primeras 24 horas de evolución como en aquellos con 25 a 36 horas de inicio de los síntomas. Conclusiones: no se encontró relación directa de la localización de la invaginación con el tiempo de evolución ni con la reductibilidad.

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