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La crisis alimentaria en el contexto del cambio climático y los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible
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Miranda, J. Jaime

; Zavaleta-Cortijo, Carol

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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dec 2023, Volume 40 N. 4 Pages 392 - 394

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2023.404.13553

Desarrollo de un sistema de control de inventario para una empresa comercializadora de sistemas de riego
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Corella-Parra, Luis Manuel

; Olea-Miranda, Jaime

Ingeniería, investigación y tecnología

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mar 2023, Volume 24 N. 1 elocation e1982

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La globalización ha eliminado brechas comerciales que limitaban las relaciones internacionales, uno de los fundamentos de la economía moderna que impulsó el desarrollo de miles de negocios. El problema, la saturación del mercado donde se ofrecen los mismos servicios o bienes, dejando a la deriva empresas que no pueden adaptarse a la variabilidad en la demanda u ofrecer ese valor añadido o singular que marca la diferencia de la competencia. El presente proyecto se desarrolla en una empresa comercializadora de productos para riego en la zona noroeste del estado de Sonora. La problemática es la presencia de problemas de organización en almacén, lo que se traduce en tiempos excesivos en atención y servicio al cliente, agotamiento, sobre inventario, pérdida de productos y registros conflictivos. Mediante la implementación de varios elementos de control y gestión se desarrolló un sistema de control de inventario, capaz de mejorar el flujo de materiales en almacén y llevar registros precisos y confiables al enlazar herramientas físicas y digitales; la implementación de estas acciones de mejora se expresan en el incremento significativo de la satisfacción del cliente al proveer el producto correcto en tiempo y forma. La metodología e implementación presentan la importancia de cada elemento dentro del sistema, la dependencia entre estos y la capacidad de adaptarse a las necesidades y limitantes de la empresa. Estos métodos, técnicas u herramientas utilizadas son de uso común en el campo de la ingeniería industrial, lo cual habilita una sencilla integración y entendimiento en empresas con poca experiencia en el tema.

Abstract Globalization has eliminated trade gaps that limited international relations, one of the foundations of the modern economy that boosted the development of thousands of businesses; the problem, the saturation of the market where the same services or goods are offered, leaving apart companies that cannot adapt to the variability in demand or offer that added or unique value that makes the difference from the competition. This project is developed in a trading company for irrigation products in the northwestern area of the state of Sonora. The presence of serious organizational problems in the warehouse, results in long customer service times, exhaustion, over-inventory, loss of products and conflicting records. Through the implementation of several control and management elements, an inventory control system is developed capable of improving the flow of materials in the warehouse and keeping accurate and reliable records by linking physical and digital tools, all of which allowed the increase in customer satisfaction by providing the correct product in a timely manner. The methodology and implementation present the importance of each element within the system, the dependence between them and the ability to adapt to the needs and limitations of the company. These methods, techniques or tools used are of little complexity in the field of industrial engineering, which enables a simple integration and understanding in companies with little experience in the subject.

https://doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2023.24.1.006

Respondiendo a las necesidades de salud sexual y reproductiva de las migrantes venezolanas en Lima
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Pesantes, M. Amalia

; Cortez, Leonardo

; Scaramutti, Carolina

; Portocarrero, Jill

; Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan

; Miranda, J. Jaime

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e69

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo. Apresentar e analisar a resposta do sistema de saúde peruano às necessidades de saúde sexual e reprodutiva de mulheres venezuelanas radicadas em Lima, Peru, e identificar algumas explicações para essa resposta. Métodos. Entrevistas telefônicas semiestruturadas detalhadas com 30 mulheres venezuelanas, 10 profissionais de saúde e 2 funcionários do Ministério da Saúde. Resultados. Com base nas experiências das mulheres venezuelanas que recorreram a esses serviços no período de 2019 a 2020 e nas perspectivas de profissionais e autoridades de saúde, apresentamos uma análise da capacidade e das limitações dos serviços de saúde pública para atender às necessidades de saúde sexual e reprodutiva dessa população. Os relatos das mulheres migrantes indicam uma experiência positiva com um sistema de saúde, que, apesar das deficiências, responde às necessidades mais comuns de saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Isso está em conformidade com os relatos dos profissionais de saúde e das autoridades, que enfatizam a existência de políticas prioritárias de atenção à saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Conclusão. Este estudo mostra de que maneira um âmbito de prioridade nacional (reduzir a mortalidade materna) e mecanismos operacionais de proteção social (como o Seguro Integral de Saúde) se convertem em instrumentos complementares, afetando positivamente e estendendo benefícios à população migrante, embora essa população não tenha sido levada em consideração quando da elaboração dessas políticas.

ABSTRACT Objectives. To present and analyze the Peruvian health system's response to the sexual and reproductive health needs of Venezuelan women living in the city of Lima, Peru, and to identify some of the reasons underlying this response. Methods. Information was collected through semi-structured, in-depth telephone interviews with 30 Venezuelan women, 10 healthcare workers, and two Ministry of Health officials. Results. Based on the experiences of Venezuelan women who sought care through these services during 2019-2020 and the perspectives of healthcare personnel and health authorities, we present an analysis of the public health services' capacity and limitations in meeting the sexual and reproductive health needs of this population. Migrant women's testimonies reported a positive experience with a health system that, despite shortcomings, responds to the most common sexual and reproductive health needs. These perspectives parallel the testimonies of healthcare personnel and authorities who emphasized the existence of priority policies for sexual and reproductive health care. Conclusion. This study shows how a national priority framework (reducing maternal mortality), accompanied by operational mechanisms for social protection (such as the Comprehensive Health Insurance program), represent complementary instruments that have a positive impact on and extend benefits to migrants, even though this population was not considered when designing these policies.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Presentar y analizar la respuesta que el sistema de salud peruano viene dando a las necesidades en salud sexual y reproductiva de las mujeres venezolanas que radican en la ciudad de Lima, Perú e identificar algunas de las razones que nos permite entender esta respuesta. Métodos. La información se recogió mediante entrevistas a profundidad semiestructuradas por vía telefónica a 30 mujeres venezolanas, 10 trabajadores de salud y 2 funcionarios del Ministerio de Salud. Resultados. A partir de las experiencias de mujeres venezolanas que acudieron a estos servicios durante el 2019-2020 y de las perspectivas del personal y autoridades de salud presentamos un análisis de la capacidad y limitaciones que los servicios de salud públicos tienen para atender las necesidades de salud sexual y reproductiva de esta población. Los testimonios de las mujeres migrantes reportan una experiencia positiva con un sistema de salud que, a pesar de las deficiencias, responde a las necesidades de salud sexual y reproductiva más comunes. Estas coinciden con los testimonios del personal de salud y con las de las autoridades quienes enfatizan la existencia de políticas prioritarias para la atención de la Salud Sexual y Reproductiva. Conclusión. Este estudio muestra cómo un marco de prioridad nacional (disminuir la mortalidad materna), acompañado de mecanismos operativos de protección social (como el Seguro Integral de Salud), se convierten en instrumentos complementarios, que repercute de manera positiva y extiende beneficios para las y los migrantes, a pesar de no haber considerado a esta población durante el diseño de estas políticas.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2023.69

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Representações sociais da maternidade para mulheres em privação de liberdade no sistema prisional feminino
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Medeiros, Anderson Brito de

; Silva, Glauber Weder dos Santos

; Lopes, Thaís Rosental Gabriel

; Carvalho, Jovanka Bittencourt Leite de

; Caravaca-Morera, Jaime Alonso

; Miranda, Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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dec 2022, Volume 27 N. 12 Pages 4541 - 4551

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste artigo, objetivou-se analisar as representações sociais da maternidade de mulheres gestantes, lactantes e que vivenciaram a gestação em privação de liberdade no sistema prisional. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, ancorado nos pressupostos do Paradigma Teórico das Representações Sociais, realizado com 42 mulheres. As participantes eram, em maioria, jovens entre 18 e 39 anos de idade (90,5%; n=38) e se encontravam solteiras (50,0%; n=21); 61,9% (n=26) relataram duas ou mais gestações e 47,6% (n=20) referiram um ou mais abortamentos. A possível representação do ser mãe na prisão se cristalizou, em termos semânticos, principalmente pelos termos “separação” (f=27; OME: 2,9), “tristeza” (f=18; OME: 2,3), “horrível” (f=16; OME: 2,1) e “dor” (f=12; OME: 2,8). Na zona de substituição e de descontextualização, as representações foram objetivadas pelos termos “separação” (f=18; OME: 3), “tristeza” (f=13; OME: 2,5), “medo” (f=11; OME: 2,2) e “horrível” (f=10; OME: 1,5). Evidenciou-se que a centralidade das representações sociais para as participantes do estudo reflete o sofrimento vivenciado pela separação da díade mãe-filho.

Abstract This paper aimed to analyze the social representations of motherhood of pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and those who experienced pregnancy in deprivation of liberty in the prison system. This qualitative study was conducted with 42 women and is grounded on the assumptions of the Theoretical Paradigm of Social Representations. Most participants were young women aged 18-39 (90.5%; n=38) and single (50.0%; n=21); 61.9% (n=26) reported two or more pregnancies and 47.6% (n=20) reported one or more miscarriages. The possible representation of being a mother in prison was crystallized, in semantic terms, mainly by the terms “separation” (f=27; OME: 2.9), “sadness” (f=18; OME: 2.3), “horrible” (f=16; OME: 2.1) and “pain” (f=12; OME: 2.8). In the substitution and decontextualization zone, representations were objectified by the terms “separation” (f=18; OME: 3), “sadness” (f=13; OME: 2.5), “fear” (f=11; OME: 2.2) and “horrible” (f=10; OME: 1.5). It was evident that the centrality of social representations for the study participants reflects the suffering experienced by the separation of the mother-child dyad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320222712.11522022

Consenso del Comité de Psiquiatría de Enlace de la Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento del delirium en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19
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Franco, José G.

; Molano, Juan Carlos

; Rincón, Hernán

; Velasquez Tirado, Juan David

; Cardeño, Carlos

; Patarroyo Rodriguez, Liliana

; Oviedo Lugo, Gabriel Fernando

; Bernal Miranda, Jaime

; Rojas Moreno, Monica

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría

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sep 2022, Volume 51 N. 3 Pages 245 - 255

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN La pandemia por el nuevo coronavirus denominado SARS-CoV-2 plantea retos sin precedentes en la atención de la salud. Entre ellos se cuenta el aumento en los casos de delirium. La enfermedad grave por SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, tiene vulnerabilidades comunes con el delirium y produce alteraciones en órganos como el pulmón o el cerebro, entre otros, que tienen potencial para precipitar el trastorno mental; de hecho, este puede ser la primera manifestación de la infección, antes de la fiebre, el malestar general, la tos o las alteraciones respiratorias. Está ampliamente sustentado que el delirium incrementa la morbilidad y la mortalidad de quienes lo padecen durante una hospitalización, por lo que se debe buscar activamente para realizar las intervenciones pertinentes. Ante la ausencia de evidencia sobre el abordaje del delirium en el contexto de la COVID-19, se elaboró este consenso sobre tres aspectos fundamentales: diagnóstico, tratamiento no farmacológico y tratamiento farmacológico, en pacientes ingresados en el hospital general. El documento contiene recomendaciones sobre uso sistemático de herramientas diagnósticas, cuándo hospitalizar al paciente con delirium, la aplicación de acciones no farmacológicas dentro de las restricciones que impone la COVID-19 y la utilización de antipsicóticos teniendo en cuenta los efectos secundarios más relevantes y las interacciones farmacológicas.

ABSTRACT The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 poses unprecedented challenges in the health care. Among them is the increase in cases of delirium. The severe SARS-CoV-2 disease, COVID-19, has common vulnerabilities with delirium and produces alterations in organs such as the lungs or the brain, among others, which have the potential to trigger the mental disorder. In fact, delirium may be the first manifestation of the infection, before fever, general malaise, cough or respiratory disturbances. It is widely supported that delirium increases the morbidity and mortality in those who suffer from it during hospitalization, so it should be actively sought to carry out the relevant interventions. In the absence of evidence on the approach to delirium in the context of COVID-19, this consensus was developed on three fundamental aspects: diagnosis, non-pharmacological treatment and pharmacological treatment, in patients admitted to the general hospital. The document contains recommendations on the systematic use of diagnostic tools, when to hospitalize the patient with delirium, the application of non-pharmacological actions within the restrictions imposed by COVID-19, and the use of antipsychotics, taking into account the most relevant side effects and pharmacological interactions.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2020.11.008

¿Cómo la investigación influencia las políticas en salud?
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Miranda, J Jaime

; Beran, David

; Diez-Canseco, Francisco

; Buse, Kent

; Mendoza, Walter

; Peiris, David

Gaceta Sanitaria

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jun 2022, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 201 - 203

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.11.005

¿Cómo la investigación influencia las políticas en salud?
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Miranda, J Jaime

; Beran, David

; Diez-Canseco, Francisco

; Buse, Kent

; Mendoza, Walter

; Peiris, David

Gaceta Sanitaria

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jun 2022, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 201 - 203

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.11.005

Gaceta Sanitaria en 2021. Proteger el planeta para proteger la salud
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Negrín Hernández, Miguel

; Bermúdez-Tamayo, Clara

; Alguacil, Juan

; Cantarero, David

; Casino, Gonzalo

; Santillán, Azucena

; García Calvente, Mar

; Epstein, David

; Hernán, Mariano

; Posenato García, Leila

; Carrasco Portiño, Mercedes

; Ruiz Cantero, María Teresa

; Segura, Andreu

; García Amez, Javier

; Juárez, Lucero

; Miranda, Juan Jaime

; Franco Tejero, Manuel

; March, Joan Carles

; Marcos-Marcos, Jorge

; Cucunubá, Zulma M

; Lumbreras, Blanca

; Mar, Javier

; Peiró, Rosana

; Álvarez-Dardet, Carlos

Gaceta Sanitaria

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apr 2022, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 101 - 105

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2022.02.002

10.

Gaceta Sanitaria en 2021. Proteger el planeta para proteger la salud
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Negrín-Hernández, Miguel

; Bermúdez-Tamayo, Clara

; Alguacil, Juan

; Cantarero, David

; Casino, Gonzalo

; Santillán, Azucena

; García-Calvente, Mar

; Epstein, David

; Hernán, Mariano

; Posenato-García, Leila

; Carrasco-Portiño, Mercedes

; Ruiz-Cantero, María Teresa

; Segura, Andreu

; García-Amez, Javier

; Juárez, Lucero

; Miranda, Juan Jaime

; Franco-Tejero, Manuel

; March, Joan Carles

; Marcos-Marcos, Jorge

; Cucunubá, Zulma M

; Lumbreras, Blanca

; Mar, Javier

; Peiró, Rosana

; Álvarez-Dardet, Carlos

Gaceta Sanitaria

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apr 2022, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 101 - 105

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2022.02.002

11.

Satisfacción y percepciones sobre aspectos de la ciudad que afectan la salud, por nivel socioeconómico, 2010-2019, en Lima Metropolitana
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Cavero, Victoria

; Hernández-Vásquez, Akram

; Miranda, J. Jaime

; Alata, Patricia

; Alegre, Mariana

; Diez-Canseco, Francisco

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica

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mar 2022, Volume 39 N. 1 Pages 83 - 90

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT We aimed to characterize the satisfaction and perceptions of the residents of Lima about different aspects of urban life that can affect their quality of life and health, identifying differences by socioeconomic status (SES) and changes over time. A secondary data analysis of the “Lima Cómo Vamos” survey was conducted between 2010 and 2019. Results are reported through percentages, with differences between SES for each year and between years. In 2019, satisfaction and perceptions were mostly unfavorable, and have decreased by up to 30% over time. People with lower SES had more unfavorable evaluations and with greater reductions over time. This dissatisfaction and unfavorable perceptions reveal deficiencies in public services and urban conditions that could negatively affect the quality of life and health, making it necessary to design and implement policies that reduce socioeconomic gaps and improve the health of Lima citizens.

RESUMEN Se buscó caracterizar la satisfacción y percepciones de los residentes de Lima Metropolitana sobre distintos aspectos de la ciudad que pueden afectar su calidad de vida y salud, identificando diferencias por nivel socioeconómico (NSE) y cambios en el tiempo. Se realizó un análisis secundario de la Encuesta «Lima Cómo Vamos» entre 2010 y 2019, reportando los resultados mediante porcentajes, con diferencias entre NSE para cada año y entre años. En 2019 la satisfacción y percepciones eran mayoritariamente desfavorables, y han disminuido hasta en 30 puntos porcentuales con el tiempo. Las personas de NSE más bajos tenían valoraciones más desfavorables y con mayores reducciones en el tiempo. Esta insatisfacción y percepciones desfavorables revelan deficiencias en servicios públicos y condiciones urbanas que podrían afectar negativamente la calidad de vida y salud, haciendo necesarias políticas que reduzcan las brechas socioeconómicas y mejoren la salud de los ciudadanos de Lima Metropolitana.

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.391.9888

12.

Measurement of physical activity and sedentary behavior in national health surveys, South America
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Silva, Danilo R.

; Barboza, Luciana L.

; Baldew, Se-Sergio

; Anza-Ramirez, Cecilia

; Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson

; Schuch, Felipe B.

; Gomes, Thayse N.

; Sadarangani, Kabir P.

; García-Hermoso, Antonio

; Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis

; Ferrari, Gerson

; Miranda, J. Jaime

; Werneck, André O.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e7

Abstract: En Pt Es | Text: En Pt Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objectives. To characterize how physical activity and sedentary behavior have been measured in national health surveys in South American countries. Methods. An extensive search was made for national health surveys from all 12 South American countries through health websites, national statistical offices, and contact with researchers and policy-makers. The following eligibility criteria were used to select surveys: conducted in a South American country; used a nationally representative sample ≥ 18 years; coordinated by the public, private or mixed private–public sector; and assessed physical activity and/or sedentary behavior. Data were extracted on general information about the surveys, specific details about the physical activity and sedentary behavior assessment, and additional questions related to activity behavior. Results. In total, 36 surveys were included, two of which were multicountry surveys; all surveys assessed physical activity and 27 assessed sedentary behavior. Most surveys (23/36; 64%) were based on previously validated international questionnaires, but 13 (57%) of these deviated from the reference tools, introducing changes and adaptations. Sedentary behavior was assessed mostly through questions on screen time and/or daily sitting time in the same physical activity questionnaires. No survey used device-based measures to generate data on these behaviors. Conclusions. Differences between instruments used and modifications limit the comparability of data across countries. This highlights the importance of standardizing assessment within South America for physical activity and sedentary behavior sections in national surveys, with the broader aim of contributing to establishing a standardized strategy for the surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behavior in South America.

RESUMO Objetivos. Caracterizar como a atividade física e o comportamento sedentário têm sido medidos em pesquisas nacionais de saúde em países sul-americanos. Métodos. Foi realizada uma busca extensa de pesquisas nacionais de saúde de todos os 12 países sul-americanos em sites de saúde e órgãos nacionais de estatística, e pelo contato com pesquisadores e formuladores de políticas. Foram usados os seguintes critérios de elegibilidade para selecionar as pesquisas: conduzida em um país sul-americano; que tenha usado uma amostra nacionalmente representativa ≥ 18 anos; coordenada pelo setor público, privado ou público-privado; e que tenha avaliado a atividade física e/ou o comportamento sedentário. Os dados extraídos eram sobre informações gerais das pesquisas, detalhes específicos sobre a avaliação da atividade física e do comportamento sedentário e questões adicionais relacionadas ao comportamento na atividade. Resultados. Ao todo, 36 pesquisas foram incluídas, duas das quais foram conduzidas em vários países. Todas as pesquisas avaliaram a atividade física e 27 avaliaram o comportamento sedentário. A maioria das pesquisas (23/36; 64%) baseou-se em questionários internacionais previamente validados e 13 (57%) delas se desviaram das ferramentas de referência, introduzindo mudanças e adaptações. O comportamento sedentário foi avaliado principalmente por meio de perguntas sobre tempo de tela e/ou tempo diário sentado nos mesmos questionários sobre atividade física. Nenhuma pesquisa utilizou medições realizadas por dispositivos para gerar dados sobre esses comportamentos. Conclusões. As diferenças entre os instrumentos usados e as modificações limitam a comparabilidade dos dados entre os países, o que destaca a importância de padronizar a avaliação na América do Sul para as seções de atividade física e comportamento sedentário em pesquisas nacionais, com o objetivo mais amplo de contribuir para o estabelecimento de uma estratégia padronizada para a vigilância da atividade física e do comportamento sedentário na América do Sul.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Describir cómo se han medido la actividad física y el sedentarismo en las encuestas nacionales de salud en los países de América del Sur. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo una extensa búsqueda de encuestas nacionales de salud de los doce países sudamericanos en sitios web de salud, oficinas nacionales de estadística y mediante el contacto con investigadores y responsables de formular políticas. Para escoger las encuestas se emplearon los siguientes criterios de selección: realizada en un país sudamericano; muestra representativa a nivel nacional de ≥ 18 años; coordinada por el sector público, el sector privado o mixto público-privado; y evaluación de la actividad física o el sedentarismo. Se extrajeron datos como información general de las encuestas, detalles específicos de la evaluación de la actividad física y el sedentarismo, y otras preguntas relacionadas con la actividad física. Resultados. En total, se incluyeron 36 encuestas, dos de las cuales se realizaron en varios países. Todas las encuestas evaluaron la actividad física; 27, el sedentarismo. La mayoría de las encuestas (23/36; 64%) se basaron en cuestionarios internacionales anteriormente validados, de los cuales 13 (57%) se desviaron de las herramientas de referencia al tener cambios y adaptaciones. El sedentarismo se evaluó principalmente en los mismos cuestionarios de actividad física mediante preguntas sobre el tiempo invertido delante de pantallas o el tiempo diario sentado. Ninguna encuesta aplicó medidas basadas en dispositivos para obtener datos sobre estos comportamientos. Conclusiones. Las diferencias entre los instrumentos empleados y las modificaciones limitan la comparabilidad de los datos en todos los países. Esto pone de relieve la importancia de estandarizar la evaluación en América del Sur de las secciones dedicadas a la actividad física y al sedentarismo en las encuestas nacionales, con el objetivo general de contribuir a la creación de una estrategia estandarizada para la vigilancia de la actividad física y el sedentarismo en América del Sur.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2022.7

13.

Fluoride toothpaste, sanitary surveillance and the SUS: the case of Manaus-AM, Brazil
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Ramos, Mayara Costa Carneiro

; Rebelo, Maria Augusta Bessa

; Rebelo Vieira, Janete Maria

; Miranda, Luís Fernando Bandeira

; Tabchoury, Cinthia Pereira Machado

; Cury, Jaime Aparecido

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 56 elocation 9

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Determinar o potencial anticárie dos dentifrícios distribuídos pelas unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) de Manaus-AM. MÉTODOS Noventa e nove bisnagas de dentifrícios de quatro marcas comerciais foram coletadas de 7 de outubro de 2019 a 11 de outubro de 2019 em 16 UBS, que foram codificados por marca e UBS de origem. De acordo com a embalagem, os dentifrícios das quatro marcas e seus lotes foram formulados com monofluorofosfato de sódio (Na2FPO3) e a maioria (91%) tinha carbonato de cálcio (CaCO3) como abrasivo. Foram determinadas as concentrações de fluoreto total (FT = FST + Fins) e de fluoreto solúvel total (FST = íons F- ou FPO32-), para certificar se atendiam à resolução ANVISA RDC Nº 530 (máximo de 1.500 ppm de FT) e se tinham potencial anticárie (mínimo de 1.000 ppm de FST). As análises foram feitas com eletrodo íon específico. RESULTADOS As concentrações (ppm F) de FT [média; desvio padrão (DP); n] encontradas nos dentifrícios A (1.502,3; DP = 45,6; n = 33), B (1.135,5; DP = 52,7; n = 48) e D (936,8; DP = 20,5; n = 8) foram próximas ao descrito na embalagem, 1.500, 1.100 e 1.000 ppm F, respectivamente. No dentifrício C, foi encontrada média de 274,1 ppm (DP = 219,7; n = 10) de FT, divergindo da concentração declarada de 1.500 ppm F. Em acréscimo, as cinco bisnagas do lote no 11681118 do dentifrício C não foram fluoretadas. Quanto ao FST, à exceção do dentifrício D (937,9; DP = 40,29), os demais apresentaram concentração inferior ao seu respectivo FT. CONCLUSÃO Observou-se problemas graves de quantidade e qualidade do fluoreto nos dentifrícios distribuídos pelo SUS em Manaus, mostrando a necessidade de vigilância desses produtos e ratificando a urgência da revisão da resolução ANVISA RDC Nº 530.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To determine the anticaries potential of toothpastes distributed by the primary health care public clinics (UBS) of Manaus, AM. METHODS Ninety-nine tubes of toothpaste from four commercial brands were collected from October 7, 2019 to October 11, 2019 in 16 UBS. They were assigned a code by brand and source UBS. According to the information on the packaging, the four brands and their batches were formulated with sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2FPO3) and most (91%) had calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as an abrasive. We determined the concentrations of total fluoride (TF = TSF + InsF) and total soluble fluoride (TSF = F ions- or FPO32-), to certify whether they were in compliance with resolution ANVISA RDC No. 530 (maximum of 1,500 ppm TF) and whether they had anticaries potential (minimum of 1,000 ppm TSF). The analyses were performed with a ion- specific electrode. RESULTS The concentrations (ppm F) of TF [mean; standard deviation (SD); n] found in toothpaste brands A (1,502.3; SD = 45.6; n = 33), B (1,135.5; SD = 52.7; n = 48) and D (936.8; SD = 20.5; N = 8) were close to those stated on the package, 1,500, 1,100 and 1,000 ppm F, respectively. In toothpaste C, we found a mean of 274.1 ppm (SD = 219.7; n = 10) of TF, which diverges from the declared concentration of 1,500 ppm F. In addition, the five tubes of lot no. 11681118 of toothpaste C did not contain fluoride. Regarding TSF, with the exception of toothpaste D (937.9; SD = 40.29), the others had a lower concentration than their respective TF. CONCLUSION We found serious problems of quantity and quality of fluoride in toothpaste distributed by the SUS in Manaus, which shows the need for surveillance of these products and confirms the urgency of revising resolution RDC No. 530.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003636

14.

Fluoride toothpaste, sanitary surveillance and the SUS: the case of Manaus-AM, Brazil
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Ramos, Mayara Costa Carneiro

; Rebelo, Maria Augusta Bessa

; Rebelo Vieira, Janete Maria

; Miranda, Luís Fernando Bandeira

; Tabchoury, Cinthia Pereira Machado

; Cury, Jaime Aparecido

Revista de Saúde Pública

Journal Metrics
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2022, Volume 56 elocation 9

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003636

15.

Satisfacción y percepciones sobre aspectos de la ciudad que afectan la salud, por nivel socioeconómico, 2010-2019, en Lima Metropolitana
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Cavero, Victoria

; Hernández-Vásquez, Akram

; Miranda, J. Jaime

; Alata, Patricia

; Alegre, Mariana

; Diez-Canseco, Francisco

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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2022, Volume 39 N. 1 Pages 83 - 90

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.391.9888

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