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Resistance of bmr energy sorghum hybrids to sugarcane borer and fall armyworm
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Souza, C. S. F.

; Souza, B. H. S.

; Parrella, R. A. C.

; Simeone, M. L. F.

; Nascimento, P. T.

; França, J. C. O.

; Lima, P. F.

; Mendes, S. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e251883

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O menor teor de lignina em espécies de plantas com potencial energético resulta na maior facilidade de quebra da celulose, disponibilizando glicose para geração de etanol. Porém, maiores teores de lignina representa um fator de resistência ao ataque de insetos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar como importantes pragas do sorgo energia, Diatraea saccharalis e Spodoptera frugiperda, se comportam quanto à alimentação e desempenho em sorgo bmr-6, um genótipo mutante com menor concentração de lignina. Foram realizados experimentos em laboratório e casa de vegetação, avaliando o desenvolvimento destas pragas nos híbridos de sorgo biomassa bmr 007, 008, TX635 e seus respectivos genótipos isogênicos convencionais (sem o gene bmr). O teor de lignina foi maior nos híbridos não bmr, mas nos parâmetros avaliados nos insetos, houve variação entre os tratamentos, não sendo consistente em apenas um híbrido e nem por ser ou não bmr. A menor sobrevivência de S. frugiperda foi verificada no híbrido BR008 tanto bmr quanto não bmr. As notas de injúria por S. frugiperda no sorgo em casa de vegetação foram altas (>7) em todos os tratamentos. Para D. saccharalis, não houve diferença significativa para a sobrevivência larval em laboratório, mas em casa de vegetação o híbrido BR007 tanto bmr quanto não bmr proporcionaram maior sobrevivência. Diante da necessidade de diversificar a matriz energética e o fato de que não foi comprovada neste estudo maior suscetibilidade dos híbridos bmr a ambas as pragas, estes resultados são promissores para o cultivo desses híbridos de sorgo biomassa para produção de biocombustíveis.

Abstract The lower lignin content in plants species with energy potential results in easier cellulose breakdown, making glucose available for ethanol generation. However, higher lignin levels can increase resistance to insect attack. The objective of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility of a bmr-6 biomass sorghum (a mutant genotype with a lower concentration of lignin) to important pests of energy sorghum, Diatraea saccharalis and Spodoptera frugiperda. Experiments were performed in the laboratory and greenhouse to evaluate the development of these pests on the biomass sorghum bmr hybrids BR007, BR008, and TX635 and their respective conventional near-isogenic genotypes (without the bmr gene). The lignin content was higher in non-bmr hybrids, but the evaluated insect variables varied between treatments, not being consistent in just one hybrid or because it is bmr or not. The lowest survival of S. frugiperda was observed in the BR008 hybrid, both bmr and non-bmr. The S. frugiperda injury scores on plants in the greenhouse were high (>7) in all treatments. For D. saccharalis, there was no difference in larval survival in the laboratory, but in the greenhouse, the BR007 hybrid, both bmr and non-bmr, provided greater survival. Due the need to diversify the energy matrix and the fact that greater susceptibility of the bmr hybrids to either pests was not found in this study, these results hold promise for cultivation of these biomass sorghum hybrids for the production of biofuels.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.251883 1 downloads

Quercetin inhibits neutrophil extracellular traps release and their cytotoxic effects on A549 cells, as well the release and enzymatic activity of elastase and myeloperoxidase
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Pereira, G. S.

; Percebom, I.

; Mendes, S.

; Souza, P. S. S.

; Diniz, L. F. A.

; Costa, M. F.

; Lopes, B. R. P.

; Toledo, K. A.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e252936

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As armadilhas extracelulares de neutrófilos (NETs) foram relatadas pela primeira vez como uma estratégia microbicida para neutrófilos ativados. Por meio de uma resposta imunológica contra vários estímulos, os neutrófilos liberam seu DNA ligado a proteínas de grânulos, núcleo e citoplasma (por exemplo, elastase e mieloperoxidase). Até o momento, os NETs têm sido implicadas em danos aos tecidos durante processos inflamatórios intensos, principalmente quando sua liberação depende da geração de radicais de oxigênio. Os flavonóides são agentes antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórios, e destes, a quercetina é comumente encontrada em nossa dieta diária. Portanto, a quercetina pode exercer alguma atividade protetora contra o dano tecidual induzido por NETs. Em nossos ensaios in vitro, a quercetina reduziu a liberação das NETs, mieloperoxidase (MPO) e elastase a partir de neutrófilos estimulados com forbol 12-miristato 13-acetato (PMA). A atividade dessas enzimas também foi diminuída na presença de quercetina. A quercetina também reduziu o efeito citotóxico dos NETs sobre células alveolares (linha celular A549). Além disso, os ensaios in silico indicaram interações favoráveis entre a quercetina e as proteínas da NET (MPO e elastase). No geral, nossos resultados demonstram que a quercetina diminui os efeitos deletérios das NETs, reduzindo sua liberação à partir de neutrófilos ativados e diminuindo a atividade enzimática de MPO e elastase, possivelmente por meio de interação direta.

Abstract Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were first reported as a microbicidal strategy for activated neutrophils. Through an immunologic response against several stimuli, neutrophils release their DNA together with proteins from granules, nucleus, and cytoplasm (e.g., elastase and myeloperoxidase). To date, NETs have been implicated in tissue damage during intense inflammatory processes, mainly when their release is dependent on oxygen radical generation. Flavonoids are antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents; of these, quercetin is commonly found in our daily diet. Therefore, quercetin could exert some protective activity against tissue damage induced by NETs. In our in vitro assays, quercetin reduced NETs, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and elastase release from neutrophils stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The activity of these enzymes also decreased in the presence of quercetin. Quercetin also reduced the cytotoxic effect of NETs on alveolar cells (A549 cell line). Further, in silico assays indicated favorable interactions between quercetin and NET proteins (MPO and elastase). Overall, our results demonstrate that quercetin decreases deleterious cellular effects of NETs by reducing their release from activated neutrophils, and diminishing the enzymatic activity of MPO and elastase, possibly through direct interaction.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.252936

Modification of soil physical atributes as a function of subsoiling operations under different managements
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Machado, Túlio de A.

; Mendes, Ítalo N. M.

; Moraes, Emmerson R. de

; Sousa, Emanoel Di T. dos S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2023, Volume 27 N. 4 Pages 293 - 299

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O desempenho dos subsoladores pode ser influenciado pelos restos culturais no solo através dos diferentes tipos de cobertura vegetal. Em qualquer um desses sistemas de cobertura, o uso de subsoladores para descompactação altera as propriedades físicas do solo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os atributos físicos do solo em tipos de manejo sob diferentes velocidades de deslocamento e profundidades na operação de subsolagem. O experimento foi conduzido no IF Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, Goiás, Brasil. O delineamento inteiramente casualizado foi usado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas com 12 tratamentos e cinco repetições, totalizando 60 plarcelas. Os fatores corresponderam a duas áreas de manejo (sequeiro e pastagem), duas velocidades de operação de subsolagem (2,5 e 4,5 km h-1) e três profundidades do solo (0,00-0,015; 0,15-0,30 e 0,30-0,45 m). A parcela principal foi constituída pelas duas áreas de manejo e a subparcela a combinação dos outros dois fatores. Foram avaliados a resistência à penetração, densidade do solo, teor de água, mobilização do solo e expansão volumétrica do solo. Posteriormente, os valores encontrados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Tukey p ≤ 0,05. A resistência à penetração e a densidade aparente foram diferentes antes e após a subsolagem. As velocidades de subsolagem alteraram os valores de resistência à penetração e mobilização do solo. As áreas de pastagem apresentaram maior resistência à penetração das raízes e proporcionaram menor teor de água e favoreceram maior expansão volumétrica do solo.

ABSTRACT Subsoiler performance can be influenced by crop residue in the soil through different types of vegetation cover. In any of these cover systems, the use of subsoilers for decompaction changes soil physical properties. The present study aimed to evaluate soil physical properties in different management systems using several subsoiling speeds and soil depths. The experiment was conducted at IF Goiano, Morrinhos Campus, Goiás state, Brazil. A completely randomized design was used in a split-plot scheme with 12 treatments and five replicates, totaling 60 plots. The factors corresponded to two management areas (rainfed and pasture), two subsoiling speeds (2.5 and 4.5 km h-1) and three soil depths (0.00-0.015; 0.15-0.30 and 0.30-0.45 m). The main plot consisted of the two management areas and the subplot the combination of the other two factors. Penetration resistance, bulk density, water content, soil mobilization and soil volumetric expansion were evaluated. The results were then submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Penetration resistance and bulk density differed before and after subsoiling. The subsoiling speeds altered penetration resistance and soil mobilization. Pasture areas showed greater root penetration resistance, provided lower water content and favored greater soil volumetric expansion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n4p293-299

Machine Learning-Based Digital Pre-Distortion Scheme for RoF Systems and Experimental 5G mm-waves Fiber-Wireless Implementation
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Pereira, Luiz A. M.

; Lima, Eduardo S.

; Mendes, Luciano L.

; Cerqueira S. Jr., Arismar

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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mar 2023, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 172 - 183

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The advent of the 5th generation of mobile networks brought a large number of new use case and applications to be supported by the physical layer (PHY), which must be more flexible than all previous radio access networks (RAN). The concept of the centralized RAN (C-RAN) allows all the baseband processing to be performed in the central office, simplifying the network deployment and also allowing the operators to dynamically control the PHY according with the applications requirements. The radio-frequency (RF) signal generated by the C-RAN can be transported to the remote radio unit (RRU) by using a radio over fiber (RoF) system. In this paper, we propose two RoF approaches for composing the transport and access networks of the next-generation systems. The first investigation relies on the implementation of a machine learning-based digital pre-distortion (DPD), designed for RoF systems. In the second approach, we implement an RoF system and characterize the optical and electrical power levels aiming to reduce the RoF non-linear distortions. The overall link performance is evaluated by measuring the error vector magnitude (EVMRMS) and 590 Mbit/s is achieved with EVMRMS as low as 4.4% in a 10 m reach cell.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742023v22i1270779

Bioinformatics and expression analysis of the Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) of Trypanosoma evansi in Trypanosoma cruzi cells
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Souza, K. M.

; Mendes, I. C.

; Dall’Igna, D. M.

; Repolês, B. M.

; Resende, B. C.

; Moreira, R. S.

; Miletti, L. C.

; Machado, C. R.

; Vogel, C. I. G.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e243910

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O reparo por excisão de nucleotídeos (NER) atua reparando danos no DNA, como lesões causadas por cisplatina. A proteína Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) está envolvida no reconhecimento de danos pela via de reparação global do genoma pelo NER (GG-NER) e tem sido estudada em diferentes organismos devido à sua importância em outros processos celulares. Neste trabalho, estudamos proteínas do NER em Trypanosoma cruzi e Trypanosoma evansi, parasitos de humanos e animais, respectivamente. Modelos tridimensionais das proteínas XPC de T. cruzi e T. evansi foram feitos e observou-se poucas diferenças estruturais entre estas proteínas. Durante testes, a inserção do gene XPC de T. evansi (TevXPC) em T. cruzi resultou em crescimento celular mais lento em condições normais. Após o tratamento com cisplatina, T. cruzi superexpressando seu próprio gene XPC (TcXPC) foi capaz de recuperar as taxas de divisão celular mais rapidamente do que T. cruzi expressando o gene TevXPC. Com base nesses testes, sugere-se que TevXPC (sendo uma proteína exógena em T. cruzi) interfere negativamente nos processos celulares em que TcXPC (a proteína endógena) está envolvida. Isso provavelmente ocorreu pois TevXPC é capaz de interagir com algumas moléculas ou proteínas endógenas de T.cruzi, mas é incapaz de interagir com outras. Isso reforça a importância do correto funcionamento de XPC dentro da célula.

Abstract Nucleotide excision repair (NER) acts repairing damages in DNA, such as lesions caused by cisplatin. Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) protein is involved in recognition of global genome DNA damages during NER (GG-NER) and it has been studied in different organisms due to its importance in other cellular processes. In this work, we studied NER proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi, parasites of humans and animals respectively. We performed three-dimensional models of XPC proteins from T. cruzi and T. evansi and observed few structural differences between these proteins. In our tests, insertion of XPC gene from T. evansi (TevXPC) in T. cruzi resulted in slower cell growth under normal conditions. After cisplatin treatment, T. cruzi overexpressing its own XPC gene (TcXPC) was able to recover cell division rates faster than T. cruzi expressing TevXPC gene. Based on these tests, it is suggested that TevXPC (being an exogenous protein in T. cruzi) interferes negatively in cellular processes where TcXPC (the endogenous protein) is involved. This probably occurred due interaction of TevXPC with some endogenous molecules or proteins from T.cruzi but incapacity of interaction with others. This reinforces the importance of correctly XPC functioning within the cell.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.243910 462 downloads

How omnivory affects the survival and choices of earwig Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)?
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Pacheco, R. C.

; Silva, D. D.

; Mendes, S. M.

; Lima, K. P.

; Figueiredo, J. E. F.

; Marucci, R. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e243890

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) é um predador onívoro, que encontra na planta do milho diferentes recursos alimentares: ovos de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797), uredósporos de Puccinia polysora (Underw, 1897) e pólen. Para definição da relevância desse predador como agente de controle biológico, conhecer a sobrevivência e preferência alimentar é essencial. Nós hipotetizamos que o comportamento de forrageamento e a capacidade de predação de D. luteipes podem ser afetados quando uma mesma planta oferece ovos, uredósporos e pólen, concomitantemente. A sobrevivência de D. luteipes na fase de ninfa e sua preferência entre os recursos alimentares, frequentemente disponíveis nas plantas de milho, foram determinados. Para verificar a sobrevivência de D. luteipes, ninfas recém eclodidas foram alimentadas exclusivamente com 1- uredósporos de P. polysora, 2- ovos de S. frugiperda, 3- pólen de milho, 4- combinação de uredósporos + ovos e 5- dieta artificial (controle). Em outro experimento, ninfas e adultos de D. luteipes com 24 e 48 horas de jejum foram liberadas individualmente, em recipientes contendo quatro dietas: 1- uredósporos de P. polysora, 2- ovos de S. frugiperda, 3- pólen de milho, 4- dieta artificial e mantidas durante 10 min, sendo avaliados a escolha pelo alimento e o tempo de alimentação. A alimentação exclusiva com ovos de S. frugiperda ocasionou baixa sobrevivência das ninfas (8%), porém a combinação de uredósporos de P. polysora + ovos de S. frugiperda possibilitou sobrevivência de 58,3%. D. luteipes preferiu se alimentar durante o período noturno e as maiores proporções de escolhas das ninfas e dos adultos ocorreram no pólen e na dieta, sendo que os adultos gastaram mais tempo se alimentando de pólen. Estas descobertas indicam que as escolhas tróficas de D. luteipes são relevantes para compreender sua contribuição como agente de controle de insetos-praga e doença fúngicas em milho.

Abstract Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) is an omnivorous predator that finds different food resources in the corn plant: eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797), uredospores of Puccinia polysora (Underw, 1897), and pollen. Knowing the survival and food preferences of this predator is essential to define its relevance as a biological control agent. We hypothesize that the foraging behavior and predatory capacity of D. luteipes may be affected when several food resources, especially eggs of S. frugiperda, uredospores of P. polysora, and pollen are concurrently in the same plant. The survival of D. luteipes in the nymph stage and their preference among food resources, often available in corn plants, were determined. To verify the survival of D. luteipes, newly hatched nymphs were fed exclusively with 1- uredospores of P. polysora, 2- eggs of S. frugiperda, 3- corn pollen, 4- a combination of uredospores + eggs, and 5- artificial diet (control). In another experiment, nymphs and adults of D. luteipes with 24 and 48 hours of fasting were individually released in the center of a container with four diets: 1- uredospores of P. polysora, 2- eggs of S. frugiperda, 3- corn pollen, 4- artificial diet, and maintained for 10 minutes, to evaluate the food choice and feeding time. The exclusive feeding with S. frugiperda eggs caused low nymph survival (8%), but the combination of P. polysora uredospores + S. frugiperda eggs allowed 58.3% survival. D. luteipes preferred feeding during the nighttime and the most significant proportions of choices by nymphs and adults were for pollen and diet, with adults spending more time eating pollen. These findings indicate that the trophic choices of D. luteipes are relevant to understand its contribution as an agent to control pest insects and fungal diseases in corn.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.243890 1428 downloads

GATA2 variants in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial or fungal infections without known immunodeficiencies
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Mendes-de-Almeida, Daniela P.

; Andrade, Francianne G.

; Santos-Bueno, Filipe V. dos

; Freitas, Dayvison F. Saraiva

; Soares-Lima, Sheila C.

; Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely M.

; Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S.

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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2023, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 211 - 216

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction Haploinsufficiency of the hematopoietic transcription factor GATA2 is associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, including infection susceptibility and neoplasms. We aimed to investigate GATA2 variants in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) and/or fungal infections (FI) without known immunodeficiencies. Method We performed GATA2 genotyping in patients with NTM and/or FI. Results Twenty-two patients were enrolled (seventeen FI, four NTM and one with both infections). The pathogenic variant NG_029334.1:g.16287C>T was found in one patient (4.5%) and two asymptomatic offsprings. We also found the likely-benign variant NG_029334.1:g.12080G>A (rs2335052), the benign variant NG_029334.1:g.16225C>T (rs11708606) and the variant of uncertain significance NG_029334.1:g.16201G>A (rs369850507) in 18.2%, 27.3%, and 4.5% of the cases, respectively. Malignant diseases were additionally diagnosed in six patients. Conclusion Although detected in 45.4% of the patients, most GATA2 variants were benign or likely benign. Identifying a pathogenic variant was essential for driving both the patient's treatment and familial counseling. Pathogenic variants carriers should receive genetic counseling, subsequent infection prevention measures and malignancies surveillance. Additionally, case-control genotyping should be carried out in Brazil to investigate whether the observed variants may be associated with susceptibility to opportunistic infections and/or concurrent neoplasms.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.01.014

Pathogens and microorganisms in the mangrove oyster Crassostrea gasar cultivated in an estuarine environment in Northeast Brazil
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Mendes, D. C. S.

; Rodrigues, D. T. A.

; Gomes, H. M.

; Lenz, T. M.

; Silva, C. M.

; Antonio, I. G.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e272789

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Estuaries are important ecosystems due to the ecological services they provide, acting as nurseries for many species of fish and invertebrates, and are also used as environments for the extraction and cultivation of mollusks. Oysters are animals that filter water to obtain oxygen and nutrients. In this process, they can bioaccumulate microorganisms and chemical substances in their tissues. The growth of mollusk culture in Northeastern Brazil requires the health identification of cultivated oysters through the quantification of the potentially harmful microbiota accumulated in the animals. Therefore, the present work aims to quantify and identify bacteria and possible pathogens found in the tissues of cultivated oysters and their culture waters. The Most Probable Number of Coliforms (MPN) in oysters and water were considered suitable according to the Brazilian current legislation, Vibrio sp. obtained low colonization and Salmonella sp. was not observed. The prevalence of microorganisms potentially pathogenic to oysters was 33.7%, highlighting metazoans and Nematopsis sp., however, the intensity of the infestation of these organisms was moderate. The low contamination of oysters demonstrates that this culture environment is promising for this activity. However, continuous environmental and sanitary monitoring is fundamental to guarantee the safety of the culture waters and the sustainability of aquaculture activities.

Resumo Os estuários são ecossistemas importantes devido a serviços ecológicos que fornecem, os quais conferem a função de berçário para muitas espécies de peixes e invertebrados, e também são utilizados como ambientes de extração e cultivo de moluscos. As ostras são animais que filtram a água para obtenção de oxigênio e nutrientes. Nesse processo podem bioacumular microorganismos e substâncias químicas em seus tecidos. O crescimento da malacocultura no Nordeste do Brasil fomenta a necessidade de identificar a sanidade das ostras cultivadas através da quantificação da microbiota potencialmente nociva acumulada nos animais. Portanto o presente trabalho visa quantificar e identificar bactérias e possíveis patógenos encontrados nos tecidos dos moluscos cultivados e nas suas águas de cultivo. O Número mais Provável de Coliformes (NMP) nas ostras e na água foram considerados próprios segundo as legislações vigentes, Vibrio sp. obteve baixa colonização e Salmonella sp. não foi observada. A prevalência de microorganismos potencialmente patógenos para as ostras foi de 33,7%, destacando como mais prevalentes os metazoários e Nematopsis sp., porém a intensidade da infestação desses organismos foi moderada. A baixa contaminação das ostras demonstra que este ambiente de cultivo é promissor para esta atividade. No entanto, o contínuo monitoramento ambiental e sanitário é fundamental para garantir a inocuidade das águas de cultivo e a sustentabilidade das atividades aquícolas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.272789

Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives
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Leite, Tatiana S.

; Pinheiro, Igor E.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Bertoncini, Áthila A.

; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del

; Demetrescu, Irene E.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P

; Machado, Arthur A.

; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo

; Martins, Flavio L.

; Mendes, Liana F.

; Rambelli, Gilson

; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.

; Segal, Barbara

; Aguiar, Aline A.

; Auler, Augusto S.

; Barroco-Neto, José

; Bonaldo, Roberta M.

; Buchmann, Francisco S.

; Calippo, Flavio

; Cesar, Augusto

; Gama, Matheus A.C.

; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia

; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.

; Lessa, Guilherme C.

; Menegola, Carla

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Sabino, José

; Seoane, José C.S.

; Sestokas, Julia

; Tiago, Cláudio C.

; Wegner, Ewerton

; Lotufo, Tito

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23045

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

10.

Comparative analysis of the use of natural and synthetic antioxidants in chicken meat: an update review meat
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Barbosa, A. C. S.

; Mendes, P. S.

; Mattos, G.

; Fuchs, R. H. B.

; Marques, L. L. M.

; Beneti, S. C.

; Heck, S. C.

; Droval, A. A.

; Cardoso, F. A. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e275539

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A busca por alimentos saudáveis tem atraído a atenção da indústria para o desenvolvimento de produtos que utilizam ingredientes naturais, incluindo antioxidantes naturais. Os antioxidantes atuam como radicais livres ou sequestradores de oxigênio, inibindo a oxidação lipídica e afetando adversamente a qualidade sensorial e nutricional dos produtos cárneos. Vários antioxidantes sintéticos têm sido usados na indústria da carne; no entanto, estudos apontam riscos à saúde relacionados ao seu consumo. Tal fato impulsiona a pesquisa de antioxidantes naturais extraídos de grãos, oleaginosas, especiarias, frutas e vegetais, que podem ter um efeito de promoção da saúde. Este manuscrito avalia a eficácia de vários antioxidantes naturais na melhoria da qualidade e prazo de validade de produtos de carne de frango durante o processamento, armazenamento e distribuição. Os efeitos potenciais de antioxidantes naturais amplamente utilizados em produtos de frango também são discutidos. Pode-se concluir que esses antioxidantes naturais são possíveis substitutos dos sintéticos. No entanto, seu uso pode afetar as características do produto. oxigênio cárneos entanto consumo grãos oleaginosas especiarias vegetais processamento distribuição discutidos Podese Pode se produto

Abstract The search for healthy foods has attracted the industry’s attention to developing products that use natural ingredients, including natural antioxidants. Antioxidants act as free radicals or oxygen scavengers, inhibiting lipid oxidation and adversely affecting meat products' sensory and nutritional quality. Several synthetic antioxidants have been used in the meat industry; however, studies point to health risks related to their consumption. Such fact drives research into natural antioxidants extracted from grains, oilseeds, spices, fruits, and vegetables, which may have a health-promoting effect. This manuscript evaluates the effectiveness of several natural antioxidants in improving the quality and shelf life of chicken meat products during processing, storage, and distribution. The potential effects of natural antioxidants widely used in chicken products are also discussed. It can be concluded that these natural antioxidants are possible substitutes for synthetic ones. However, their use can affect the product's characteristics. industrys industry s ingredients scavengers however consumption grains oilseeds spices fruits vegetables healthpromoting promoting effect processing storage distribution discussed ones However product characteristics

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275539

11.

Cuidados de enfermagem em Endoscopia Brônquica Ultrassónica
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A.P., Mendes

; Rosa, L. M. E. S.

; Paiva, I.

Revista Onconews

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dec 2022, N. 45 elocation e081

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es describir y enmarcar históricamente el uso de la técnica endoscópica en Neumología, las principales indicaciones clínicas para realizar la endoscopia bronquial ultrasónica, las técnicas y equipos utilizados en su ejecución, las complicaciones más frecuentes así como las intervenciones de enfermería. Se utilizó PubMed y SciELO como bases de investigación.

Resumo: Pretende-se com este artigo de revisão descrever e enquadrar historicamente a utilização da técnica endoscópica em Pneumologia, as principais indicações clínicas para a realização de endoscopia brônquica ultrassónica, as técnicas e equipamentos utilizados na sua execução, as complicações mais frequentes bem como as intervenções de enfermagem. Foram utilizadas como bases de pesquisa a PubMed e a SciELO.

Abstract: This review article aims to describe and historically frame the use of endoscopic technique in Pulmonology, the main clinical indications for ultrasonic bronchial endoscopy, the techniques and equipment used in its execution, the most frequent complications as well as nursing interventions. PubMed and SciELO were used as research bases.

https://doi.org/10.31877/on.2022.45.05

12.

Cross-Cultural Translation into Brazilian Portuguese and Validation of the Oral Anticoagulation Knowledge Tool (AKT-Br)
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Mainka, Felipe F.

; Ferreira, Vinicius L.

; Mendes, Antonio M.

; Marques, Gustavo L.

; Correr, Cassyano J.

; Tonin, Fernanda S.

; Pontarolo, Roberto

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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jun 2022, Volume 37 N. 3 Pages 356 - 369

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: Oral anticoagulants are the treatment of choice for diverse types of coagulation disorders. Warfarin is widely used by the Brazilian population, possibly due to its lower cost than other oral anticoagulants. However, it has a high risk of serious adverse effects if used incorrectly. The Anticoagulation Knowledge Tool (AKT) can assess a patient’s knowledge about her/his oral anticoagulant therapy and can assist health professionals in identifying patients with difficulties in adherence. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the AKT into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: After a standard forward-backward procedure to translate the AKT into Brazilian Portuguese (AKT-Br), a version of the instrument was applied in three groups (patients, pharmacists, and the general population). The reliability of the AKT-Br was tested using an internal consistency measure and test-retest. The validity of the instrument was confirmed with data from the contrasted groups. All statistical analyses were performed with RStudio. Results: The median scores obtained with the AKT-Br were 29.0, 17.0, and 7.5 for pharmacists, patients, and the general population, respectively (maximum score of 35 points). There was moderate internal consistency for the instrument and test-retest reliability was satisfactory. Analysis of variance for validity of the groups revealed a significant relationship between the total score and the evaluated groups. Conclusion: The ATK-Br is a reliable and valid tool to assess knowledge about oral anticoagulants. AKT-Br can be used in clinical practice as an auxiliary tool to improve patient care through personalised educational interventions.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0731

13.

Reaction of wild solanaceae species to Meloidogyne incognita
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Silva, Eveline Mendes da

; Rocha, Fernando da Silva

; Barbosa, Edimilson Alves

; Oliveira, João Alison Alves

; Neves, Jose Maria Gomes

; Barbosa, Dandara Maria Clara do Rosário

; Muniz, Maria de Fátima Silva

Revista Ceres

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may 2022, Volume 69 N. 3 Pages 368 - 373

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The quest for resistance sources against Meloidogyne incognita as a control measure is essential in tomato. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the reaction of six species of wild solanaceae to M. incognita. The species of wild solanaceae studied were Solanum capsicoides, S. asperolanatum, S. americanum, S. viarum, S. palinacanthum and Nicandra physaloides. Seedlings of wild solanaceae species were transplanted and inoculated with M. incognita. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with eight replicates. The analyzed variables were: height of the aerial portion, fresh weight of the aerial portion, fresh weight and length of the root system, gall index, number of galls/g of root, number of egg masses/g of root, number of eggs/g of root and the nematode reproduction factor. Based on gall index and reproduction factor criteria the species S. capsicoides, S. americanum, S. palinacanthum and N. physaloides were classified as resistant against M. incognita. These species also showed a significant increase in height and fresh weight of the aerial portion, length of the root system and fresh weight of the root system. Therefore, these species of wild solanaceae may contribute to the management of M. incognita in future applications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202269030015

14.

Fungivory: a new and complex ecological function of Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)
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Silva, D. D. da

; Mendes, S. M.

; Parreira, D. F.

; Pacheco, R. C.

; Marucci, R. C.

; Cota, L. V.

; Costa, R. V.

; Figueiredo, J. E. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e238763

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Relatamos a descoberta de que o predador Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) se alimenta de uredosporos de Puccinia polysora Underw, o agente causal da ferrugem polisora que é uma doença primária que afeta a cultura do milho no Brasil. Realizamos experimentos em laboratório e em casa de vegetação para testar o efeito da fungivoria de D. luteipes (1º/2º e 3º/4º iìstares e adultos) sobre a concentração de uredosporos de P. polysora. Todos os ensaios mostraram uma redução significativa da concentração inicial de uredosporos. Houve uma redução na concentração de uredosporos com o aumento do número de D. luteipes alimentando-se deles. Também testamos o consumo de uredosporos quantificando sua porcentagem nas fezes de D. luteipes. Ninfas do 2º e 4º ínstar, assim como adultos, alimentaram-se de 88%, 85% e 83,8% dos uredosporos, respectivamente. Para ninfas do 3º ínstar, a porcentagem de consumo de uredosporos (75,6%) foi estatisticamente significativo em comparação com os outros grupos. No experimento em casa de vegetação, aos 28 dias após a inoculação das plantas com 9,9 x 104 uredosporos, a porcentagem de consumo de uredosporos foi de 81,7%. Nossos resultados confirmaram a fungivoria de D. luteipes em uredosporos de P. polysora. Este é o primeiro relato de fungivoria de D. luteipes, que pode ter papel importante no controle biológico de P. polysora em milho.

Abstract We report the discovery that the earwig predator Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) feed on Puccinia polysora Underw uredospore, the causal agent of Southern Rust of Corn (SRC), which is a primary disease affecting the maize crop in Brazil. We performed experiments in laboratory and greenhouse to test the effect of D. luteipes (1st/2nd and 3rd/4th instars, and adults) fungivory on the P. polysora uredospore concentration. All trials showed a significant reduction of the initial concentration of uredospore. There was a reduction in uredospore concentration with increase in number of D. luteipes feeding on them. We also tested the uredospore consumption by quantifying its percentage in the feces of D. luteipes. Nymphs of the 2nd, 4th instar and adults fed 88%, 85%, and 83.8% of the uredospore, respectively. For nymphs of the 3rd instar, the percentage of uredospore consumption (75.6%) was statistically significant compared with the other groups. In greenhouse experiment, at twenty-eight days after plant inoculation with 9.9 x 104 uredospores, the percentage of uredospore consumption was 81.7%. Our results confirmed the fungivory of D. luteipes on P. polysora uredospore. This is the first report of D. luteipes fungivory, which may play an important role in the biological control of P. polysora in corn.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.238763 166 downloads

15.

Anti-bacterial activity of Annona muricata Linnaeus extracts: a systematic review
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SILVA, Ricardo Mendes da

; SILVA, Isabella de Matos Mendes da

; ESTEVINHO, Maria Manuela

; ESTEVINHO, Leticia M.

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e13021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Current analysis systematically reviews data available in the literature on the anti-bacterial activity of Annona muricata extracts (AME) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Search was undertaken at four electronic databases and studies’ quality were assessed. Results were summarized and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of AME (versus antimicrobial control) against S. aureus and E. coli was the main datum analyzed. The initial database search yielded 2,433 results. We selected 14 studies and four were used for meta-analysis. The MIC ranged between 156 µg/mL and 1,024 µg/mL against S. aureus and between 256 µg/mL and 1,024 µg/mL against E. coli. The different strains of E. coli studied were more sensitive to AME than those of S. aureus. The differences mean concentrations and standard deviations between AME and antimicrobials were 101.91 and 946.05 for E. coli, and 388.90 and 970.61 for S. aureus respectively. The heterogeneity of data is highlighted. Different methodologies were used, several studies didn’t include antibiotics as control, antibiotics were different and various concentrations of extracts were tested. Studies showed possibilities of the plant under analysis as a source of new phytochemical compounds against microorganisms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.13021

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