Search | SciELO

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

Eurytrema coelomaticum infection: correlation between parasite burden and impairment of pancreatic exocrine enzyme secretion
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Surian, Cesar Rodrigo de Souza

; Surian, Soraya Regina Sacco

; Carneiro, Christofe

; Perosa, Fernanda Felicetti

; Horn, Vitor Waldir

; Fronza, Nei

; Bonassi, Daniele Elisa

; Peripolli, Vanessa

; Santarosa, Bianca Paola

; Gomes, Teane Milagres Augusto

; Mendes, Ricardo Evandro

Ciência Rural

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2022, Volume 52 N. 2 elocation e20210041

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Eurytrema coelomaticum, um trematódeo de ductos pancreáticos de ruminantes. Conjectura-se que possa ocasionar transtornos nas funções pancreáticas, mais especificamente nos processos digestivos e metabólicos dependentes destas. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi determinar se há comprometimento da função pancreática exócrina, correlacionado-a a carga parasitária. Foram utilizados pâncreas e respectivas amostras de sangue e fezes de 119 bovinos. As amostras de fezes foram submetidas aos testes de digestão da gelatina em tubo e digestão de filme radiográfico, ambos para detecção de tripsina nas fezes. Foram realizados os seguintes exames bioquímicos em amostras de sangue: amilase, lipase, glicemia, frutosamina, colesterol, triglicerídeos, proteínas totais, albumina e globulinas. Após isto, as análises bioquímicas foram correlacionadas com a quantidade numérica de parasitas encontrados no pâncreas (post-mortem). Houve maior quantidade de testes negativos (digestão do filme radiográfico e prova de digestão da gelatina) nos animais com alta carga parasitária (P < 0.001), quando comparados aos animais não parasitados e com baixa carga parasitária. Portanto, os exames supracitados se alteram somente se a quantidade de parasitas for moderada ou severa. As atividades das enzimas amilase e lipase foram significativamente maiores nos animais que apresentavam baixa parasitemia (P < 0.05), em comparação com os animais com alta carga parasitária e não parasitados. Conclui-se que em quadros de alta parasitemia há alteração significativa nos testes de digestão nas fezes, e que em quadros de baixa parasitemia há alterações significativas nos valores de amilase e lipase séricas, ambos comprovando alterações pancreáticas importantes, de acordo com o quadro de parasitemia.

ABSTRACT: Eurytrema coelomaticum is a trematode reported in the pancreatic ducts of ruminants. It is conjectured that may cause disorders in the pancreas, as well as digestive and metabolic processes dependent on them. This study, determined if there is an impairment of exocrine pancreatic function, and correlated it with parasite burden. Pancreas, blood, and fecal samples were collected from 119 bovines at a abattoir. Stool samples were subjected to the gelatin and x-ray film digestion tests (to detect the presence of trypsin in feces). Using blood samples, the following biochemical tests were performed: amylase, lipase, glucose, fructosamine, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, and globulins. Analyses were correlated with pancreatic parasite burden. Cattle with a high parasitic load presented higher incidence of negative tests in both gelatin digestion and x-ray film digestion tests (P < 0.001) when compared to non-parasitized animals and those with a low parasitic load. Changes in those tests only occurred if the parasitemia was moderate or severe. The activity of the amylase and lipase enzymes was significantly higher in animals with low parasitemia (P < 0.05), compared to non-parasitized animals and with a high parasitic burden. In this study, in cases of high parasitemia, negative results were observed in both gelatin and x-ray film in the feces digestion tests. However, the low infection of E. coelomaticum, higher levels of serum amylase and lipase that also indicated loss of pancreatic exocrine functions were reported.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210041 133 downloads

Production, characterization and toxicology assay of creatine pegylated nanoliposome with polysorbate 80 for brain delivery
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

BORIN, DIEGO B.

; MEZZOMO, NATHANA J.

; VAUCHER, RODRIGO A.

; CARMO, GUILHERME DO

; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, LUIZ C.

; SULCZEWSKI, FERNANDO B.

; SCHWERTZ, CLAITON I.

; MENDES, RICARDO E.

; DAMIANI, ADRIANI P.

; ANDRADE, VANESSA M. DE

; RECH, VIRGÍNIA C.

; BOECK, CARINA R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

aug 2018, Volume 90 N. 2 Pages 2317 - 2329

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Creatine acts intracellularly as energy buffer and storage, demonstrating protective effects in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. However, its permeability throught blood-brain barrier (BBB) is reduced. The aim of the present study was developing a carrier to facilitate the delivery of creatine to the central nervous system. Creatine nanoliposomes were produced, characterized and assayed in models of toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Particles showed negative zeta potential (-12,5 mV), polydispersity index 0.237 and medium-size of 105 nm, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Toxicity assay in vitro was evaluated with blank liposomes (no drug) or creatine nanoliposomes at concentrations of 0.02 and 0.2 mg/mL, that did not influence the viability of Vero cells. The result. of the comet assay that the nanoliposomes are not genotoxic, togeher with cell viability demonstrated that the nanoliposomes are not toxic. Besides, in vivo assays not demonstrate toxicity in hematological and biochemical markers of young rats. Nevertheless, increase content of creatine in the cerebral cortex tissue after subchronic treatment was observed. Altogether, results indicate increase permeability of creatine to the BBB that could be used as assay for in vivo studies to confirm improved effect than free creatine.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170553 1050 downloads

Evaluation of the antibacterial potential of Petroselinum crispum and Rosmarinus officinalis against bacteria that cause urinary tract infections
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Petrolini, Fernanda Villas Boas

; Lucarini, Rodrigo

; Souza, Maria Gorete Mendes de

; Pires, Regina Helena

; Cunha, Wilson Roberto

; Martins, Carlos Henrique Gomes

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

sep 2013, Volume 44 N. 3 Pages 829 - 834

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this study we evaluated the antibacterial activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extracts, fractions, and compounds of two plant species, namely Rosmarinus officinalis and Petroselinum crispum, against the bacteria that cause urinary tract infection. The microdilution method was used for determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The crude hydroalcoholic extract of R. officinalis displayed in vitro activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with satisfactory MBC for the clinical isolate S. saprophyticus. The fractions and the pure compound rosmarinic acid did not furnish promising results for Gram-negative bacteria, whereas fractions 2, 3, and 4 gave encouraging results for Gram-positive bacteria and acted as bactericide against S. epidermidis as well as E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and its clinical isolate. R. officinalis led to promising results in the case of Gram-positive bacteria, resulting in a considerable interest in the development of reliable alternatives for the treatment of urinary infections.

3336 downloads

O controle social em cena: refletindo sobre a participação popular no contexto dos Conselhos de Saúde
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Cotta, Rosângela Minardi Mitre

; Martins, Poliana Cardoso

; Batista, Rodrigo Siqueira

; Franceschinni, Sylvia do Carmo Castro

; Priore, Silvia E.

; Mendes, Fabio Faria

Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2011, Volume 21 N. 3 Pages 1121 - 1138

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente estudo se propõe a analisar a experiência do controle social, via Conselho de Saúde - CS, em um município de pequeno porte, utilizando o referencial teórico da pesquisa qualitativa. Diante da realidade vivenciada, observamos que a possibilidade de uma gestão participativa no SUS não se consolidou como uma prática efetiva. O que se verificou foi um grande desconhecimento sobre as bases legais e ideológicas da participação social em saúde, gerando assim uma forte influência dos gestores locais na dinâmica e no funcionamento do CS, principalmente na determinação de seus membros, impedindo, dessa forma, que esse seja um espaço concreto para que os usuários se apropriem da forma institucional e política do conselho.

This study is aims to examine the experience of social control by the Health Council (HC) in a small city, through the theoretical framework of qualitative research. The research showed that the possibility of a participative management in the SUS is not consolidated as an effective exercise. We observed widespread ignorance about the legal and ideological foundations of social participation in health, which results in a strong influence of local managers on the dynamics and functioning of the HC, mainly in the determination of its members, thus preventing it from being a practical space for users to take ownership of the institutional form and the council's policy.

323 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

O controle social em cena: refletindo sobre a participação popular no contexto dos Conselhos de Saúde
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Cotta, Rosângela Minardi Mitre

; Martins, Poliana Cardoso

; Batista, Rodrigo Siqueira

; Franceschinni, Sylvia do Carmo Castro

; Priore, Silvia E.

; Mendes, Fabio Faria

Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2011, Volume 21 N. 3 Pages 1121 - 1138

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

8098 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

Ability of Latin America laboratories to detect antimicrobial resistance patterns: experience of the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program (1997-2000)
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Mendes, Rodrigo E.

; Reis, Adriana O.

; Gales, Ana C.

; Jones, Ronald N.

; Sader, Hélio S.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

oct 2003, Volume 7 N. 5 Pages 282 - 289

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The accuracy of antimicrobial susceptibility tests is a crucial step for the clinical management of patients with serious infections. They must be reliable and precise because they will guide antimicrobial therapy. Our main objective was to compare the results of susceptibility testing performed by the SENTRY coordinator laboratory with those reported by the participating Latin American medical centers. A total of 10,277 bacterial isolates were tested by the reference broth microdilution method at the coordinator laboratory in the United States. The tests were performed and interpreted following the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) recommendations. Ten antimicrobial agent-organism combinations were analyzed. The susceptibility methods utilized in each of the medical centers were also evaluated. Total agreement of the results was obtained in nearly 88% of the antimicrobial agent-organism combinations. "Very major" (false-susceptible results) and "major errors" (false-resistant results) were observed in 12% and 6% of the cases, respectively. The highest disagreements were observed for coagulase-negative Staphylococcus - oxacillin (20% - very major error) and Burkholderia cepacia - imipenem (21% - very major error). The susceptibility method with the highest agreement rate was Etest® (92%) > PASCO® (91%) > agar dilution (91%) > MicroScan® (90%) > Vitek® (87%). External quality assurance data obtained by surveillance programs such as the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program are not only helpful for detecting the emergence of patterns of antimicrobial resistance, but also to monitor the performance of the participating microbiology laboratories.

2126 downloads

Comparação das atividades antimicrobianas de meropenem e imipenem/cilastatina: o laboratório necessita testar rotineiramente os dois antimicrobianos?
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Gales, Ana C.

; Mendes, Rodrigo E.

; Rodrigues, José

; Sader, Hélio S.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jan 2002, Volume 38 N. 1 Pages 13 - 20

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O meropenem e o imipenem representam os ß-lactâmicos com maior espectro e potência antimicrobiana, e são os únicos carbapenêmicos disponíveis para uso clínico no Brasil, nos Estados Unidos e na Europa. O meropenem apresenta atividade in vitro superior contra gram-negativos, enquanto que o imipenem é discretamente mais ativo contra gram-positivos. Os objetivos deste estudo são comparar as atividades in vitro destes dois carbapenêmicos e avaliar a necessidade de o laboratório clínico testá-los em sua rotina. Os resultados da avaliação dos padrões de sensibilidade de 2.144 bacilos gram-negativos pela técnica de microdiluição em caldo foram analisados. Contra enterobactérias, o meropenem apresentou atividade pelo menos oito vezes maior que o imipenem. Contra Pseudomonas aeruginosa, o meropenem (CIM50 de 1mig/ml) também apresentou atividade superior à do imipenem (CIM50 de 2mig/ml), e contra Acinetobacter baumannii, a ação dos dois é equivalente (CIM50 de 1mig/ml para ambos). Somente 2,7% das amostras avaliadas apresentaram resultados discordantes entre os dois carbapenêmicos em termos de categoria de sensibilidade - isto é, foram sensíveis a um e resistentes ao outro. Quarenta e seis amostras (2,14%) foram sensíveis ao meropenem e resistentes ao imipenem, enquanto que somente 12 amostras (0,55%) apresentaram sensibilidade ao imipenem e resistência ao meropenem. A grande maioria dos resultados discordantes (91,4%) ocorreu entre as amostras de bacilos gram-negativos não-fermentadores da glicose (BGN-NF). Entre as 1.350 enterobactérias testadas houve apenas cinco resultados discordantes (0,37%), enquanto que entre os BGN-NF ocorreram 53 (6,67%). Além disso, em cerca de 80%, as amostras foram sensíveis ao meropenem e resistentes ao imipenem. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que o laboratório de microbiologia pode testar apenas um dos carbapenêmicos contra enterobactérias, considerando para o outro o mesmo resultado. É importante que os resultados dos dois carbapenêmicos sejam colocados no relatório, para que o médico possa escolher aquele que achar mais adequado. Por outro lado, para os BGN-NF, o laboratório deve realizar o teste de sensibilidade com os dois carbapenêmicos separadamente.

Meropenem and imipenem are the most active and potent ß-lactams against gram-negative bacteria and the only carbapenems commercially available in Brazil, USA, and Europe. Meropenem has higher in vitro activity against gram-negative bacteria, while imipenem has slightly higher in vitro activity against gram-positive. The objectives of this study are to compare the in vitro activities of these carbapenems and to evaluate the necessity of susceptibility testing both compounds at the routine of the microbiology laboratory. The broth microdilution results of 2,144 gram-negative bacilli were analyzed. Against Enterobacteriaceae meropenem was at least eight-fold more potent than imipenem. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa meropenem (MIC50, 1mug/ml) was also more potent than imipenem (MIC50, 2mug/ml), and against Acinetobacter baumannii both carbapenems presented similar in vitro activities (MIC50, 1mug/ml for both). Only 2.7% of the isolates presented discrepant category results between the carbapenems; i.e. susceptible to one and resistant to the other. Forty-six isolates (2.14%) were susceptible to meropenem and resistant to imipenem; while only 12 isolates (0.55%) were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to meropenem. The vast majority of discordant results (91.4%) occur among non-fermentative bacilli (NF-BGN). Five discordant results were detected among 1,350 Enterobacteriaceae evaluated (0.37%); while 53 discrepant results were detected among 794 NF-BGN (6.64%). Isolates showing susceptibility to meropenem and resistance to imipenem account for 80% of the discrepant results. The results of this study indicate that the microbiology laboratory may susceptibility test only one of the carbapenems for Enterobacteriaceae and use the same category result for the other one. It is important that the results for both carbapenems are sent to the physicians in order for them to be able to choose the most appropriated for the case. On the other hand, for NF-BGN the laboratory should susceptibility test both carbapenems.

19483 downloads

Pathogen frequency and resistance patterns in Brazilian hospitals: summary of results from three years of the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Sader, Helio S.

; Gales, Ana C.

; Pfaller, Michael A.

; Mendes, Rodrigo E.

; Zoccoli, Cássia

; Barth, Afonso

; Jones, Ronald N.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

aug 2001, Volume 5 N. 4 Pages 200 - 214

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: Pathogen frequency and resistance patterns may vary significantly from country to country and also in different hospitals within a country. Thus, regional surveillance programs are essential to guide empirical therapy and infection control measures. METHODS: Rank order of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic species causing bloodstream infections (BSI), lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), wound or skin and soft tissue infections (WSSTI), and urinary tract infections (UTI) in hospitalized patients were determined by collecting consecutive isolates over a specified period of time, as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program (SENTRY). All isolates were tested by reference broth microdilution. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A total of 3,728 bacterial strains were obtained from January, 1997, to December, 1999, from 12 Brazilian hospitals located in 4 states. The largest number of isolates were obtained from patients with BSI (2,008), followed by LRTI (822 cases), UTI (468 cases), and WSSTI (430 cases). Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen in general (22.8% - 852 isolates), followed by E. coli (13.8% - 516 cases) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.3% - 496 cases). Staphylococcus aureus was also the most common species isolated from BSI (23.6%) and WSSTI (45.8%), and P. aeruginosa was the most frequent species isolated from patients with LRTI (29.4%). The main bacterial resistance problems found in this study were: imipenem resistance among P. aeruginosa (69.8% susceptibility) and Acinetobacter spp. (88.1% susceptibility); ESBL production among K. pneumoniae (48.4%) and E. coli (8.9%); resistance to third generation cephalosporins among Enterobacter spp. (68.1% susceptible to ceftazidime) and oxacillin resistance among S. aureus (34.0%) and coagulase negative staphylococci (80.1%). Only the carbapenems (88.1% to 89.3% susceptibility) showed reasonable activity against the Acinetobacter spp. isolates evaluated.

6983 downloads

10.

Perfil de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos de bactérias isoladas do trato respiratório baixo de pacientes com pneumonia internados em hospitais brasileiros: resultados do Programa SENTRY, 1997 e 1998
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

SADER, HÉLIO S.

; MENDES, RODRIGO E.

; GALES, ANA C.

; JONES, RONALD N.

; PFALLER, MICHAEL A.

; ZOCCOLI, CASSIA

; SAMPAIO, JORGE

Jornal de Pneumologia

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

mar 2001, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 59 - 67

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Introdução: Pneumonia hospitalar é a mais fatal das infecções hospitalares, com taxas de mortalidade de 30 a 60%. Estima-se que 15% de todas as mortes associadas à hospitalização estejam diretamente relacionadas a pneumonias hospitalares. O SENTRY é um estudo de vigilância de resistência a antimicrobianos envolvendo centros médicos em todo o mundo. Objetivo: Avaliar a sensibilidade a antimicrobianos de bactérias isoladas no trato respiratório baixo de pacientes com pneumonia internados em hospitais brasileiros. Material e métodos: Foram avaliadas 525 amostras bacterianas de 11 hospitais brasileiros, como parte do programa SENTRY. Os isolados foram testados por microdiluição em caldo contra um grande número de antimicrobianos. Resultados: As cinco espécies mais freqüentes foram (n/%): Pseudomonas aeruginosa (158/30,1%), Staphylococcus aureus (103/19,6%), Acinetobacter spp. (68/13,0%), Klebsiella spp. (50/9,5%), e Enterobacter spp. (44/8,4%). Essas cinco espécies representam mais de 80% de toda a amostragem. A P. aeruginosa apresentou altas taxas de resistência à maioria dos antimicrobianos testados. As maiores taxas de sensibilidade foram apresentadas por piperacilina/tazobactam (71,5%) e meropenem (69,0%). Os compostos com maior atividade in vitro contra Acinetobacter spp. foram imipenem e meropenem (80,9% de sensibilidade) seguido pela tetraciclina (63,2%). A sensibilidade das amostras de Klebsiella spp. foi muito baixa. MICs > ou = 2mig/mL para ceftriaxona ou ceftazidima, indicando produção de ESBL, foram encontrados em 36,0% das amostras. Os antimicrobianos mais ativos contra Klebsiella spp. foram os carbapenens (100% de sensibilidade) e as quinolonas (92,0% de sensibilidade). Ceftriaxona foi ativa contra somente 56,8% das amostras de Enterobacter spp. (MIC50, 1mig/mL), enquanto a cefepima foi ativa contra 88,6% destes isolados (MIC50, <= 0,12mig/mL). A resistência à oxacilina foi detectada em 43,7% dos isolados de S. aureus. As drogas mais ativas contra essa espécie foram: vancomicina, teicoplanina, quinupristin-dalfopristin e linezolida. Conclusões: Os resultados do presente estudo mostraram alta prevalência de Acinetobacter spp. e altas taxas de resistência entre bacilos gram-negativos quando comparados com resultados de estudos norte-americanos e europeus.

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia is the most common fatal nosocomial infection with attributable mortality rates ranging from 30 to 60% and a rapid initiation of optimal antimicrobial therapy is important to obtain treatment success. SENTRY is a comprehensive antimicrobial surveillance study involving a great number of medical centers distributed worldwide. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates collected from the lower respiratory tract of inpatients with pneumonia. Material & methods: The authors report the antimicrobial susceptibility of 525 isolates collected in 11 Brazilian hospitals, as part of the SENTRY program. The isolates were tested for susceptibility by broth micro-dilution against a large number of drugs. Results: The five most frequently isolated species were (n/%): Pseudomonas aeruginosa (158/30.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (103/19.6%), Acinetobacter spp. (68/13.0%), Klebsiella spp. (50/9.5%), and Enterobacter spp. (44/8.4%). These five species represented more than 80% of all isolates. P. aeruginosa demonstrated high rates of resistance to most antimicrobial agents tested. The highest susceptibility rates were shown by piperacillin/tazobactam (71.5%) and meropenem (69.0%). Acinetobacter spp. also showed very high rates of resistance. The most active compounds against this species were imipenem and meropenem (80.9% susceptibility) followed by tetracycline (63.2% susceptibility). Cephalosporin susceptibilities among Klebsiella spp were very low and 36.0% of isolates were considered ESBL producers based on increased MICs, > 2 mug/mL) to ceftriaxone or ceftazidime or aztreonam. Ceftriaxone was active against only 56.8% of Enterobacter spp. isolates (MIC50 1 mug/mL), while cefepime was active against 88.6% of these isolates (MIC, < 0.12 mg/mL). Oxacillin-resistance was detected in 43.7% of S. aureus isolates. The most active drugs against this species were vancomycin, teicoplanin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, and linezolid. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated a higher prevalence of Acinetobacter spp. and higher resistance rates among Gram-negative rods when compared with results from North American and European studies.

23370 downloads

Showing

itens per page

Page of 1 Next

Select one or more results

All Alphabetic

Results

Comparative chart Download CSV

Statistics of

Send result

To*

Use ; (semicolon) to insert more emails.

Send to email

This page

Selected records

All references (max. 300)

Your email

Subject

Comments

Export format:

RIS (for EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Citavi, etc.)

BibTeX

Citation

CSV (for Excel, etc)

Export:

This page

Selected itens

All references (max. 2000)

Sem resultados

No documents were found for your search

Glossary and search help

You can enrich your search in a very simple way. Use the search indexes combined with the connectors (AND or OR) and specify more your search.

For example, if you want to search for articles about
cases of dengue in Brasil in 2015, use:
ti:dengue and publication_year:2015 and aff_country:Brasil

See below the complete list of search indexes that can be used:

Index code	Element
ti	article title
au	author
kw	article keywords
subject	subject (title words, abstract and keywords)
ab	abstract
ta	journal short title (e.g. Cad. Saúde Pública)
journal_title	journal full title (e.g. Cadernos de Saúde Pública)
la	publication language code (e.g. pt - Portuguese, es - Spanish)
type	document type
pid	publication identifier
publication_year	publication year of publication
sponsor	sponsor
aff_country	country code of the author's affiliation
aff_institution	author affiliation institution
volume	article volume
issue	article issue
elocation	elocation
doi	DOI number
issn	journal ISSN
in	SciELO colection code (e.g. scl - Brasil, col - Colômbia)
use_license	article usage license code

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
Email: scielo@scielo.org

All the contents of this site www.scielo.br, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.
more »