Empirical studies have pointed out that academic mobility can increase social capital, contribute to collaborations, and directly influence overall career success (Dueñas-Fernández, Iglesias-Fernández & Llorente-Heras, 2013). However, it is also known that both academic mobility and international scientific collaborations can be negatively impacted by gender inequality. Regarding international mobility, women are underrepresented in all areas of knowledge (Momeni et al., 2022). In science, immobility or low mobility is commonly associated with slower career progression; scarce opportunities to hold coordination and management positions ("glass ceiling"); less insertion in international collaboration networks; and even abandonment of science (Delicado & Alves, 2013; van der Wal, 2021).   The overload of family functions and the partnering effect (Ackers, 2004) are among the obstacles that women may face, which can limit researchers' displacement opportunities (Momeni et al., 2022). This scenario justifies the importance of exploring the international mobility undertaken by Brazilian researchers to analyze, among other aspects, the possible gender imbalances in academic mobility.  The population investigated in this research will be comprised of Brazilians who have done postdoctoral studies abroad. This selection is because they are more advanced in their professional and training trajectories. The phase after the doctorate makes the researcher more independent and responsible for their research agenda, which would leave them better able to conduct high-impact studies (Nerad et al., 2022). The work aims to design research that evaluates the effect of postdoctoral mobility abroad on employment in the academic career, considering gender inequality and institutional and systemic aspects (such as area of knowledge, academic productivity, and career position) (Aksnes et al., 2019). For this, a consolidated database will be built based on former postdoctoral fellows of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and the triangulation of a set of data sources since there is no consolidated database on mobility and employment ties in the Brazilian case. Next, a comparative study with a descriptive and exploratory design will be carried out between those who had postdoctoral fellowships abroad and those who had postdoctoral fellowships in Brazil without an internship abroad, and which aims, in the future, to enable the carrying out of a quasi-experiment. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The research design is descriptive and exploratory, in which a consolidated database is built with information about employment, academic production and curriculum, as well as the completion of internships abroad. Thus, possible patterns and differentiations between the academic trajectories and the characteristics of the individuals will be investigated. The consolidated database is constructed by exploring, collecting and cross-referencing information from various data sources with quality control of the selected variables. First, we will explore the databases made available by FAPESP regarding former postdoctoral fellows to obtain information about the individuals funded between 2012 and 2017, such as name, institutional affiliation and area of knowledge. Such information is necessary for cross-referencing with other databases. In addition, other information from the researchers' records will be checked regarding the percentage of missing values such as gender, race/color, sexual orientation, and age, among others. The time frame will allow the verification of scientific production and insertion in the labor market in the post-doctorate conclusion years. Subsequently, the FAPESP database will be used for triangulation with three other data sources: (i) formal employment records from the Annual Social Information Report (RAIS) of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security; (ii) the résumés available on the Lattes platform of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); and (iii) the institutional affiliation in the scientific production of a bibliometric study.  FINDINGS OR EXPECTED OUTCOMES:  The results found so far show a discrepant distribution of completed fellowships by knowledge area and a high concentration of destination countries in the Global North. The expected outcomes are the obtaining of different patterns between the effects of mobility of postdoctoral fellows abroad and the effects of the characteristics of individuals (gender) in scientific production and in employment. Thus, enabling the generation and substantiation of hypotheses for future work. ORIGINALITY/VALUE:  The originality of this research is grounded on three factors. Firstly, the increase in knowledge on international mobility, emphasizing the impacts of mobility on the careers of Brazilian scientists and academics and on gender inequality, which is still little explored. Secondly, the increase in the knowledge areas studied and in the number of destination countries. Previous studies usually focused on a few areas, favoring those with low female presence (exact and biological sciences and engineering) and a small group of destination countries (mainly countries of the Global North). Thus, comprehensiveness is one of the innovations of this research, without the prior selection of areas of knowledge or countries of destination. Thirdly, the results will be based on a triangulation of four sets of information, which will complement different types of academic links, validation of research data, and greater reliability.  PRACTICAL/SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS:  Gender asymmetries in access to academic mobility highlight the disparities between men and women in career advancement possibilities, considering the relevance of international experiences in the researchers' curriculum. Along with the discussions of Responsible Research Assessment (RRA), global initiatives from groups such as the Research on Research Institute (RoRI) and the Global Research Council (GRC) are bringing the need to consider Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) in research practices and activities to the debate. Thus, it is essential to expand the understanding of gender inequalities in international mobility and academic careers, especially in the Brazilian context. This will contribute to implement EDI plans and policies and create mechanisms aimed at gender equity in the generation of academic mobility opportunities in funding agencies. DIRECTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH/LIMITATIONS:  It is anticipated that there will be two main limitations in the research. The first is the difficulty in obtaining information on the characteristics of individuals. Even with the triangulation of several data sources, the information is often low quality or non-existent. The second limitation stems from the need for more robust methodologies that allow greater inferences about the results, which demands future research advances, where methodologies such as the Generalized Propensity Score (GPS) are implemented.

Estudos empíricos têm apontado que a mobilidade acadêmica pode aumentar o capital social, contribuir para colaborações e influenciar diretamente o sucesso geral na carreira (Dueñas-Fernández, Iglesias-Fernández & Llorente-Heras, 2013). No entanto, também se sabe que tanto a mobilidade acadêmica quanto as colaborações científicas internacionais podem ser impactadas negativamente pela desigualdade de gênero. No que diz respeito à mobilidade internacional, as mulheres estão sub-representadas em todas as áreas do conhecimento (Momeni et al., 2022). Na ciência, a imobilidade ou baixa mobilidade é comumente associada a uma progressão de carreira mais lenta; escassas oportunidades de ocupar cargos de coordenação e gerenciamento ("teto de vidro"); menor inserção em redes de colaboração internacional; e até mesmo abandono da ciência (Delicado & Alves, 2013; van der Wal, 2021). A sobrecarga de funções familiares e o efeito de parceria (Ackers, 2004) estão entre os obstáculos que as mulheres podem enfrentar, o que pode limitar as oportunidades de deslocamento dos pesquisadores (Momeni et al., 2022). Esse cenário justifica a importância de explorar a mobilidade internacional realizada por pesquisadores brasileiros para analisar, entre outros aspectos, os possíveis desequilíbrios de gênero na mobilidade acadêmica. A população investigada nesta pesquisa será composta por brasileiros que realizaram estudos de pós-doutorado no exterior. Essa seleção ocorre porque eles estão mais avançados em suas trajetórias profissionais e de formação. A fase após o doutorado torna o pesquisador mais independente e responsável por sua agenda de pesquisa, o que os capacita a conduzir estudos de alto impacto (Nerad et al., 2022). O trabalho tem como objetivo elaborar uma pesquisa que avalie o efeito da mobilidade de pós-doutorado no exterior no emprego na carreira acadêmica, considerando a desigualdade de gênero e aspectos institucionais e sistêmicos (como área de conhecimento, produtividade acadêmica e posição na carreira) (Aksnes et al., 2019). Para isso, será construído um banco de dados consolidado com base em ex-bolsistas de pós-doutorado da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) e na triangulação de um conjunto de fontes de dados, uma vez que não existe um banco de dados consolidado sobre mobilidade e vínculos de emprego no caso brasileiro. Em seguida, será realizado um estudo comparativo com um desenho descritivo e exploratório entre aqueles que tiveram bolsas de pós-doutorado no exterior e aqueles que tiveram bolsas de pós-doutorado no Brasil sem estágio no exterior, com o objetivo de possibilitar a realização de um quasi-experimento no futuro. DESENHO/METODOLOGIA/ABORDAGEM: O desenho da pesquisa é descritivo e exploratório, no qual será construído um banco de dados consolidado com informações sobre emprego, produção acadêmica e currículo, bem como a realização de estágios no exterior. Assim, serão investigados possíveis padrões e diferenciações entre as trajetórias acadêmicas e as características dos indivíduos. O banco de dados consolidado é construído explorando, coletando e cruzando informações de várias fontes de dados com controle de qualidade das variáveis selecionadas. Primeiramente, exploraremos as bases de dados disponibilizadas pela FAPESP referentes a ex-bolsistas de pós-doutorado para obter informações sobre os indivíduos financiados entre 2012 e 2017, como nome, afiliação institucional e área do conhecimento. Essas informações são necessárias para cruzar com outras bases de dados. Além disso, outras informações dos registros dos pesquisadores serão verificadas em relação à porcentagem de valores ausentes, como gênero, raça/cor, orientação sexual e idade, entre outros. O período permitirá a verificação da produção científica e inserção no mercado de trabalho nos anos de conclusão do pós-doutorado. Em seguida, a base de dados da FAPESP será utilizada para a triangulação com outras três fontes de dados: (i) registros formais de emprego do Relatório Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS) do Ministério do Trabalho e Previdência Social; (ii) currículos disponíveis na plataforma Lattes do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); e (iii) a afiliação institucional na produção científica de um estudo bibliométrico. RESULTADOS OU RESULTADOS ESPERADOS: Os resultados encontrados até o momento mostram uma distribuição discrepante de bolsas concluídas por área do conhecimento e uma alta concentração de países de destino no Norte Global. Os resultados esperados são a obtenção de diferentes padrões entre os efeitos da mobilidade de bolsistas de pós-doutorado no exterior e os efeitos das características dos indivíduos (gênero) na produção científica e no emprego. Isso permitirá a formulação e a fundamentação de hipóteses para trabalhos futuros. ORIGINALIDADE/VALOR: A originalidade desta pesquisa está fundamentada em três fatores. Primeiramente, o aumento do conhecimento sobre a mobilidade internacional, enfatizando os impactos da mobilidade nas carreiras de cientistas e acadêmicos brasileiros e na desigualdade de gênero, que ainda é pouco explorada. Em segundo lugar, o aumento nas áreas de conhecimento estudadas e no número de países de destino. Estudos anteriores geralmente se concentravam em algumas áreas, favorecendo aquelas com baixa presença feminina (ciências exatas, biológicas e engenharias) e um pequeno grupo de países de destino (principalmente países do Norte Global). Assim, a abrangência é uma das inovações desta pesquisa, sem a pré-seleção anterior de áreas de conhecimento ou países de destino. Em terceiro lugar, os resultados serão baseados em uma triangulação de quatro conjuntos de informações, que complementarão diferentes tipos de vínculos acadêmicos, validação dos dados de pesquisa e maior confiabilidade. IMPLICAÇÕES PRÁTICAS/SOCIAIS: As assimetrias de gênero no acesso à mobilidade acadêmica destacam as disparidades entre homens e mulheres nas possibilidades de avanço na carreira, considerando a relevância das experiências internacionais no currículo dos pesquisadores. Juntamente com as discussões sobre Avaliação Responsável da Pesquisa (RRA), iniciativas globais de grupos como o Research on Research Institute (RoRI) e o Global Research Council (GRC) estão trazendo a necessidade de considerar a Equidade, Diversidade e Inclusão (EDI) nas práticas e atividades de pesquisa para o debate. Portanto, é essencial ampliar a compreensão das desigualdades de gênero na mobilidade internacional e nas carreiras acadêmicas, especialmente no contexto brasileiro. Isso contribuirá para implementar planos e políticas de EDI e criar mecanismos voltados para a equidade de gênero na geração de oportunidades de mobilidade acadêmica em agências de financiamento. DIREÇÕES PARA PESQUISAS FUTURAS/LIMITAÇÕES: Antecipa-se que haverá duas limitações principais na pesquisa. A primeira é a dificuldade em obter informações sobre as características dos indivíduos. Mesmo com a triangulação de várias fontes de dados, as informações muitas vezes são de baixa qualidade ou inexistentes. A segunda limitação decorre da necessidade de metodologias mais robustas que permitam maiores inferências sobre os resultados, o que exige avanços em pesquisas futuras, onde metodologias como o Escore de Propensão Generalizada (GPS) são implementadas.

Abstract. Introduction : graduation in the health area should equally contemplate the psychomotor, cognitive and affective domains from the problematization of everyday situations of the Unified Health System (SUS). Objective : to evaluate the training of nutritionists based on the integration of knowledge from the teaching-service-community triad, based on Project-Based Learning (PBL) and Collective Portfolio (PC) in the micropolitics of the SUS. Method : a “baby shower” planned and executed by students, guided by a group of teachers, aimed at pregnant women in the SUS network, providing the live work of the concept-tools “alterity”, “bond”, “welcoming”, and “participatory management” was undertaken. Results : records in the CP showed articulation between different knowledge and learning domains in the training of nutritionists by skills. Conclusion: PBL+CP is a powerful and viable teaching-learning tool for the training of professionals capable of working in SUS integrating teachingservice-community.

Resumo Introdução : a formação na área de saúde deve contemplar equanimemente os domínios psicomotor, cognitivo e afetivo a partir da problematização de situações cotidianas do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Objetivo : avaliar a formação do nutricionista a partir da integração de saberes da tríade ensino-serviço-comunidade, a partir da Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP) e Portfólio Coletivo (PC) na micropolítica do SUS. Método : Um “chá de bebê” planejado e executado por estudantes, orientado por um grupo de docentes, destinado a gestantes da rede SUS, oportunizando o trabalho vivo dos conceitos-ferramentas ‘alteridade’, ‘vínculo’, ‘acolhimento’, e ‘gestão participativa’ foi empreendido. Resultados : Registros no PC evidenciaram articulação entre diferentes saberes e domínios de aprendizagem na formação do nutricionista por competências. Conclusão : ABP+PC é uma ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem, potente e viável para a formação do profissional capaz de atuar no SUS integrando ensino-serviço-comunidade.

ABSTRACT Air pollution from human and industrial activities has been a major concern in recent years. Among the various pollutants found in the atmosphere, particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O3) show significant occurrences, with high concentrations in urban centers frequently associated with environmental and public health problems. Therefore, this study uses the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and Tukey’s test to investigate patterns related to the variability of maximum daily O3 concentrations and mean daily concentrations of PM with a diameter less than 10 μm (PM10), registered between 2007 and 2012 through six sites in the Metropolitan Area of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. To this end, the data were analyzed using ANOVA arranged in a factorial scheme (6 × 4 × 2) with four repetitions per treatment, followed by Tukey’s test. In the ANOVA and Tukey’s test, the first factor (A) represents the six air quality monitoring stations, the second (B) represents the seasons, and the third (C), the measurements carried out during working days and weekends. Seasonal variability patterns show higher concentrations of O3 in spring and of PM10 in winter. The values were 22.9 and 35.32% higher than the annual averages of O3 and PM10 concentrations, respectively. The mean values for working days and weekends showed different patterns for the two pollutants. PM10 concentrations were 11% higher during working days when compared to weekends. The O3 weekend effect was found only in one of the stations. The profiles of vehicular and industrial emissions have been identified as a potential factor leading to these results.

RESUMEN La contaminación del aire por actividades humanas e industriales ha sido una gran preocupación en los últimos años. Entre los diversos contaminantes que se encuentran en la atmósfera, el material particulado (PM) y el ozono (O3) muestran ocurrencias significativas, con altas concentraciones en los centros urbanos frecuentemente asociadas con problemas ambientales y de salud pública. Por lo tanto, este trabajo utiliza la técnica de análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y la prueba de Tukey para investigar los patrones relacionados con la variabilidad de las concentraciones máximas diarias de O3 y las concentraciones medias diarias de MP con diámetro menor a 10 μm (PM10), registradas entre 2007 y 2012 en seis sitios de la región metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Para ello, los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA dispuestos en un esquema factorial (6 × 4 × 2) con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento, seguido de la prueba de Tukey. En el ANOVA y la prueba de Tukey, el primer factor (A) representa las seis estaciones de monitoreo de la calidad del aire, el segundo (B) representa las estaciones y el tercero (C) las mediciones realizadas durante los días hábiles y fines de semana. Los patrones de variabilidad estacional muestran concentraciones más altas de O3 en la primavera y de PM10 en el invierno. Los valores fueron 22.9 y 35.32% superiores a los promedios anuales de concentraciones de O3 y PM10, respectivamente. Los valores medios para los días laborables y los fines de semana mostraron patrones diferentes para los dos contaminantes. Las concentraciones de PM10 fueron 11% más altas durante los días laborables en comparación con los fines de semana. El efecto de fin de semana de O3 se encontró sólo en una de las estaciones. Los perfiles de emisiones vehiculares e industriales se han identificado como un factor potencial que conduce a estos resultados.

Abstract Background Cardiovascular risk factors are prognostic factors in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and have been scarcely studied in Brazil. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on the outcomes of patients admitted for COVID-19. Methods From July 2020 to February 2021, 200 patients from two public hospitals were enrolled. Patients were included if they had typical symptoms or signs of COVID-19, a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction test (RT-PCR) for COVID-19, and an age above 18 years. This is a prospective, observational, and longitudinal study. Data were collected within 24 h of admission. The primary endpoint was a combination of hospital lethality, mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis, or length of hospital stay >28 days. Continuous variables were compared with the Student’s t-test for independent samples or the Mann-Whitney test. For comparisons of proportions, the χ 2 test was applied. ROC curves and survival curves were constructed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of events. The level of significance was 0.05. Results There were 98 (49%) events during the hospital course, and 72 (36%) died in the hospital. Patients with a primary endpoint were older and more likely to have a history of hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vital signs at admission associated with events were diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in ambient air (O 2 Sat). Serum creatinine >1.37 mg/dL at admission had a sensitivity of 51.6 and a specificity of 82% to predict the primary endpoint, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.68. In multivariate analysis, age, diabetes, CKD, and COPD were independent predictors of the primary endpoint. Age and CKD were independent predictors of in-hospital lethality. Conclusion Cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes and CKD, were related to a worse prognosis in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in this sample from two public hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

Abstract Simulating a bacterial-induced pulpitis environment in vitro may contribute to exploring mechanisms and bioactive molecules to counteract these adverse effects. Objective To investigate the chronic exposure of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) aiming to establish a cell culture protocol to simulate the impaired odontogenic potential under pulpitis conditions. Methodology HDPCs were isolated from four healthy molars of different donors and seeded in culture plates in a growth medium. After 24 h, the medium was changed to an odontogenic differentiation medium (DM) supplemented or not with E. coli LPS (0 - control, 0.1, 1, or 10 µg/mL) (n=8). The medium was renewed every two days for up to seven days, then replaced with LPS-free DM for up to 21 days. The activation of NF-κB and F-actin expression were assessed (immunofluorescence) after one and seven days. On day 7, cells were evaluated for both the gene expression (RT-qPCR) of odontogenic markers (COL1A1, ALPL, DSPP, and DMP1) and cytokines (TNF, IL1B, IL8, and IL6) and the production of reactive nitrogen (Griess) and oxygen species (Carboxy-H2DCFDA). Cell viability (alamarBlue) was evaluated weekly, and mineralization was assessed (Alizarin Red) at 14 and 21 days. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α=5%). Results After one and seven days of exposure to LPS, NF-κB was activated in a dose-dependent fashion. LPS at 1 and 10 µg/mL concentrations down-regulated the gene expression of odontogenic markers and up-regulated cytokines. LPS at 10 µg/mL increased both the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. LPS decreased cell viability seven days after the end of exposure. LPS at 1 and 10 µg/mL decreased hDPCs mineralization in a dose-dependent fashion. Conclusion The exposure to 10 µg/mL LPS for seven days creates an inflammatory environment that is able to impair by more than half the odontogenic potential of HDPCs in vitro, simulating a pulpitis-like condition.

ABSTRACT Background: Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (WLWH) are more likely to be infected with the oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). We assessed the prevalence of high-risk (HR) (16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/68/73/82), probable high-risk (pHR) (26/53/66), and low-risk (LR) (6/11/40/42/43/44/54/61/70) HPV types and their associated risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study of WLWH aged 18-64 years included one laboratory and eight HIV-specialty healthcare facilities in the pilot network. Descriptive statistics were used to assess sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Adjusted analyses were conducted to evaluate risk factors associated with HR and/or pHR HPV infection in WLWH. Results: From May/2021 to May/2022, 1,914 (92.5%) WLWH participated in the pilot study and had valid HPV-DNA results of self-collected vaginal samples. The median age of the participants was 45 years, 60.1% had ≥ 9 years of schooling, 80.5% were ≤ 18 years at first sexual intercourse, and 51.7% had > 4 sexual partners throughout life. The prevalence of any HPV type, HR HPV, pHR HPV, and LR HPV was 65.8%, 49.6%, 16.7%, and 40.0%, respectively. Age was inversely associated with pHR and/or HR-HPV (p < 0.001), and education level was inversely associated with HR-HPV (p = 0.003) types. Any HR or pHR was associated with being single (p = 0.029) and exchanging sex for drugs (p = 0.037). Conclusions: The prevalence of HPV, especially HR HPV, among WLWH is high in Brazil, highlighting the need for HPV screening in this population. Self-collection of vaginal samples is an important strategy for increasing testing access.

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the protein profile of the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) formed in vivo in patients with or without gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and with or without erosive tooth wear (ETW). Twenty-four volunteers were divided into 3 groups: 1) GERD and ETW; 2) GERD without ETW; and 3) control (without GERD). The AEP formed 120 min after prophylaxis was collected from the lingual/palatal surfaces. The samples were subjected to mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS/MS) and label-free quantification by Protein Lynx Global Service software. A total of 213 proteins were identified, or 119, 92 and 106 from each group, respectively. Group 2 showed a high number of phosphorylated and calcium-binding proteins. Twenty-three proteins were found in all the groups, including 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta and 1-phosphatidylinositol. Several intracellular proteins that join saliva after the exfoliation of oral mucosa cells might have the potential to bind hydroxyapatite, or participate in forming supramolecular aggregates that bind to precursor proteins in the AEP. Proteins might play a central role in protecting the dental surface against acid dissolution.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories (OMPLs) in Brazilian public universities to the diagnosis of lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A cross-sectional study was performed using biopsy records from a consortium of sixteen public OMPLs from all regions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South). Clinical and demographic data of patients diagnosed with lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCC between 2010 and 2019 were collected from the patients’ histopathological records. Of the 120,010 oral and maxillofacial biopsies (2010-2019), 6.9% (8,321 cases) were diagnosed as lip (0.8%, 951 cases), oral cavity (4.9%, 5,971 cases), and oropharyngeal (1.2%, 1,399 cases) SCCs. Most cases were from Brazil’s Southeast (64.5%), where six of the OMPLs analyzed are located. The predominant profile of patients with lip and oral cavity SCC was Caucasian men, with a mean age over 60 years, low schooling level, and a previous history of heavy tobacco consumption. In the oropharyngeal group, the majority were non-Caucasian men, with a mean age under 60 years, had a low education level, and were former/current tobacco and alcohol users. According to data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, approximately 9.9% of the total lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCCs reported over the last decade in Brazil may have been diagnosed at the OMPLs included in the current study. Therefore, this data confirms the contribution of public OMPLs with respect to the important diagnostic support they provide to the oral healthcare services extended by the Brazilian Public Health System.

Self-inflicted lesions are examined from the perspective of psychoanalytic listening to fifteen adolescents who sought help at a walk-in clinic. Psychological suffering among contemporary adolescents often presents in the guise of this problem. Medicalization is critically assessed as the predominant response to such youths. Aided by psychoanalytic references, other modes of understanding the problem are explored, and Freudian theories of anxiety, pain, and symptom formation are deployed. Additionally, Lacanian theory is called upon to highlight the effects of the word and voice of the Other upon the adolescent subject. Two transgender youths presenting with histories of self-aggression lead to specific reflections on the issue.

Se investigan las autolesiones a partir de la escucha psicoanalítica de 15 jóvenes que fueron acudidos en ambulatorio público. El sufrimiento psíquico en la adolescencia contemporánea se presenta cada vez con mayor frecuencia en forma de este tipo de problemas. La medicalización, que ha sido una respuesta dominante para estos jóvenes, es evaluada críticamente. Con la ayuda del marco psicoanalítico, se exploran otras maneras de comprensión del problema, utilizando las teorías freudianas sobre la angustia, el dolor y la formación de síntomas. Con los aportes lacanianos, también se destacan los efectos de la palabra y la voz del Otro en el sujeto adolescente. Dos jóvenes transgénero que tenían un historial de autolesiones llevaron a reflexiones específicas sobre el tema.

Les automutilations sont étudiées à partir de l’écoute psychanalytique de 15 adolescents arrivés en centre ambulatoire. La souffrance psychique de l’adolescence contemporaine se manifeste de plus en plus fréquemment sous cette forme. La médicalisation, qui a été la solution majoritairement adoptée pour ces jeunes, est considérée sous un jour critique. Sont explorées, à l’aide du référentiel psychanalytique, d’autres formes de compréhension de cette problématique, grâce aux théories freudiennes sur l’angoisse, la douleur et la formation des symptômes. Faisant usage des apports lacaniens, sont également mis en relief les effets de la parole et de la voix de l’Autre sur le sujet adolescent. Deux jeunes transgenres présentant un historique d’automutilations ont conduit à des réflexions spécifiques sur le sujet.

As lesões autoprovocadas são investigadas a partir da escuta psicanalítica de 15 adolescentes que chegaram a um ambulatório público. O sofrimento psíquico na adolescência contemporânea apresenta-se com crescente frequência sob a forma desse tipo de problema. A medicalização, que tem sido uma resposta dominante para esses jovens, é avaliada criticamente. Explora-se, com a ajuda do referencial psicanalítico, outros tipos de entendimento da questão, recorrendo-se às teorias freudianas sobre angústia, dor e formação de sintomas. Usando os aportes lacanianos, são destacados, também, os efeitos da palavra e da voz do Outro sobre o sujeito adolescente. Dois jovens transgêneros que apresentavam histórico de autoagressão conduziram a reflexões específicas sobre o tema.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate sociodemographic factors, non-communicable diseases and conditions, and behavioral risk factors associated with negative self-rated health among Brazilian women of childbearing age. Method: Cross-sectional study with 26,071 Brazilian women of reproductive age. Estimated prevalence of self-rated health according to sociodemographic characteristics, non-communicable diseases and conditions, and behavioral risk factors. Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted and unadjusted prevalence ratios. Results: Occurrence of two or more of the diseases and conditions presented a prevalence of negative self-rated health almost three times higher than none. There was a positive association between negative self-rated health and older age groups, lower education, black or brown skin color/race, living in the north and northeast regions, physical inactivity, being a smoker, and presence of one or more of the diseases and conditions. Conclusion: There are differences in self-rated health, reflecting social inequalities.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar factores sociodemográficos, enfermedades y condiciones no transmisibles y factores de riesgo conductuales asociados con la autoevaluación negativa de la salud entre mujeres brasileñas en edad fértil. Método: Estudio transversal con 26.071 mujeres brasileñas en edad reproductiva. Prevalencia estimada de salud autovalorada según características sociodemográficas, enfermedades y trastornos no transmisibles y factores de riesgo conductuales. Se utilizó la regresión de Poisson para estimar las tasas de prevalencia ajustadas y no ajustadas. Resultados: La aparición de dos o más de las enfermedades y agravios mostró una prevalencia de autoevaluación negativa de la salud casi tres veces mayor que ninguna. Hubo una asociación positiva entre la autoevaluación negativa de la salud y los grupos de mayor edad, menor educación, color de piel/raza negra o morena, vivir en las regiones norte y noreste, inactividad física, ser fumador y la presencia de una o más de las enfermedades y condiciones. Conclusión: Existen diferencias en la autoevaluación de la salud, lo que refleja desigualdades sociales.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar fatores sociodemográficos, doenças e agravos não transmissíveis e fatores de risco comportamentais associados à autoavaliação de saúde negativa das mulheres brasileiras em idade reprodutiva. Método: Estudo transversal com 26.071 mulheres brasileiras em idade reprodutiva. Estimadas prevalências da autoavaliação de saúde segundo características sociodemográficas, doenças e agravos não transmissíveis e fatores de risco comportamentais. Utilizou-se regressão de Poisson para estimar as razões de prevalência ajustadas e não ajustadas. Resultados: Ocorrência de duas ou mais das doenças e agravos apresentou prevalência de autoavaliação de saúde negativa quase três vezes maior do que nenhuma. Houve associação positiva entre autoavaliação de saúde negativa e maiores faixas etárias, menor escolaridade, cor da pele/raça preta ou parda, viver nas regiões norte e nordeste, inatividade física, ser fumante e presença de uma ou mais das doenças e agravos. Conclusão: Existem diferenças na autoavaliação de saúde, refletindo em iniquidades sociais.

Abstract Alcohol has been widely consumed for centuries and is linked to the aggravation of diseases. Several studies have shown that excessive consumption of ethanol results in morphophysiological changes in the male reproductive system. One of the effects of ethanol is the decrease in testosterone concentration and hormonal therapies are an alternative to minimize the changes resulting from chronic alcoholism. Qualitative studies were commonly carried out to evaluate the male histopathological alterations resulting from ethanol consumption, being necessary quantitative and non-subjective techniques. This study analyzes the importance of fractal analysis as a useful tool to identify and quantify tissue remodeling in rats submitted to ethanol consumption and hormone therapy with testosterone. Prostate of animals submitted to chronic ethanol consumption showed tissue disorganization, which was confirmed by an increasing of fractal dimension. Regarding the prostatic stroma, collagen fractal dimension and quantification revealed lower values in animals that were only submitted to androgen therapy. Thus, we can conclude that the fractal analysis was a useful tool to quantify tissue changes caused by ethanol consumption and androgen therapy. diseases system alcoholism nonsubjective non subjective techniques disorganization stroma Thus

Resumo: Angiospermas da Estação Ecológica de Tapacurá (EET), localizada em um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual de Terras Baixas, Floresta Atlântica, foram analisadas. Coletas botânicas foram realizadas para compor uma lista de espécies e essas espécies identificadas por comparação com espécimes depositados nos herbários HST, PEUFR e IPA, além de consultas a banco de dados online. Um total de 479 espécies foram identificadas, pertencentes a 81 famílias e 285 gêneros. As famílias mais ricas foram Fabaceae (68), Rubiaceae (25), Malvaceae (20), Myrtaceae (20), Cyperaceae (19), Poaceae (19), Bromeliaceae (18), Euphorbiaceae (17), Asteraceae (16) e Sapindaceae (14), que juntas representaram 49,27% do número total de espécies. Grande semelhança foi observada entre nossos resultados e levantamentos de outras florestas de várzea no nordeste do Brasil, com as famílias Fabaceae, Rubiaceae e Myrtaceae apresentando a maior riqueza de espécies. Este estudo adicionou 44 novas ocorrências para o Estado de Pernambuco, demonstrando a riqueza e abundância dos táxons de TES e a importância de sua conservação para a flora regional.

Abstract: Angiosperm species growing in a fragment of Lowland Semideciduous Seasonal Forest in the Tapacurá Ecological Station (TES) in Pernambuco State (Brazil) were surveyed. Botanical collections to compose a species list were undertaken and these species identified by comparisons with specimens deposited in the HST, PEUFR and IPA herbaria, in addition to online database queries. A total of 479 species were identified, belonging to 81 families and 285 genera. The families with the largest numbers of species were Fabaceae (68), Rubiaceae (25), Malvaceae (20), Myrtaceae (20), Cyperaceae (19), Poaceae (19), Bromeliaceae (18), Euphorbiaceae (17), Asteraceae (16), and Sapindaceae (14), which together accounted for 49.27% of the total number of species. Great similarity was observed between our results and surveys of other lowland forests in northeastern Brazil, with the families Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, and Myrtaceae having the greatest species richness. This study added 44 new occurrences for Pernambuco State, demonstrating the richness and abundance of TES taxa and the importance of their conservation to the regional flora.

Abstract Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate if neutralizing antibody responses induced by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 strain that was dominant at the beginning of the pandemic or by the Gamma variant was effective against the Omicron variant. Methods: Convalescent sera from 109 individuals, never exposed to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, who had mild or moderate symptoms not requiring hospitalization following either a documented SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain infection or a Gamma variant infection, were assayed for in vitro neutralizing antibody activity against their original strains and the Omicron variant. Results: Following an infection with the ancestral strain, 56 (93.3%), 45 (77.6%) and 1 (1.7%) serum sample were positive for neutralizing antibodies against the ancestral, Gamma variant, and Omicron variant, respectively. After infection with the Gamma variant, 43 (87.8%) and 2 (4.1%) sera were positive for neutralizing antibodies against the Gamma and Omicron variants, respectively. Conclusions: Neutralizing antibodies generated following mild or moderate infection with the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain or the Gamma variant are not protective against the Omicron variant. HIGHLIGHTS Individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain do not develop neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant. Omicron variant escapes immune response after SARS CoV-2 previous infection with the SARS CoV-2 Gamma variant. Individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain or with SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant will likely have little protection if subsequently exposed to the Omicron variant.

Abstract Background Cardiovascular risk factors are prognostic factors in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and have been scarcely studied in Brazil. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on the outcomes of patients admitted for COVID-19. Methods From July 2020 to February 2021, 200 patients from two public hospitals were enrolled. Patients were included if they had typical symptoms or signs of COVID-19, a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction test (RT-PCR) for COVID-19, and an age above 18 years. This is a prospective, observational, and longitudinal study. Data were collected within 24 h of admission. The primary endpoint was a combination of hospital lethality, mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis, or length of hospital stay >28 days. Continuous variables were compared with the Student’s t-test for independent samples or the Mann-Whitney test. For comparisons of proportions, the χ 2 test was applied. ROC curves and survival curves were constructed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of events. The level of significance was 0.05. Results There were 98 (49%) events during the hospital course, and 72 (36%) died in the hospital. Patients with a primary endpoint were older and more likely to have a history of hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vital signs at admission associated with events were diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in ambient air (O 2 Sat). Serum creatinine >1.37 mg/dL at admission had a sensitivity of 51.6 and a specificity of 82% to predict the primary endpoint, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.68. In multivariate analysis, age, diabetes, CKD, and COPD were independent predictors of the primary endpoint. Age and CKD were independent predictors of in-hospital lethality. Conclusion Cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes and CKD, were related to a worse prognosis in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in this sample from two public hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro.