Abstract Syzygium malaccense is popularly used to treat inflammation and pain-related ailments. The species was assessed regarding its antioxidant, antiglycant, anti-inflammatory, including anti-neuroinflammatory, and antinociceptive activities. Different models were employed to measure S. malaccense extract (ESM) antioxidant activity. The antiglycant activity was determined using the glucose-induced protein glycation model. LPS-induced neuroinflammation on murine BV-2 microglial cell line was used for anti-neuroinflammatory activity evaluation. The croton oil-induced ear edema test was accomplished to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. Acetic acid-induced writhing together with formalin-induced paw licking assays were performed to evaluate the antinociceptive potential. Finally, the chemical characterization was accomplished by a UHPLC-MS analysis. ESM presented relevant antioxidant and antiglycant activity. NO production by BV-2 cells was reduced, indicating the relevant neuroprotective activity. ESM significantly decreased the mice ear edema induced by croton oil and the nociceptive stimulus induced by acetic acid and formalin by central and peripheral mechanisms. The flavonoids myricitrin, myricetin and quercetin were identified and, as far as we know, the alkaloid reserpine was reported in the species for the first time. The antioxidant and antiglycant potential of ESM, may be related to the in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, and to the in vitro neuroinflammation inhibition.

The stability of samples is crucial for getting reliable concentrations of many analytes, including lipid profile. Thus, the goal of this study was to analyze lipid profile under different storage and temperature conditions. This was a prospective study with 809 patients of both genders. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein were measured within 1 h from collection at room temperature, after 2-3 h of refrigeration (8°C) and after 4-5 h at room temperature. The processing time and storage conditions did not affect the analytes measured. These findings are important for multicenter studies, because of the difficulties related to centrifugation and freezing of samples immediately after collection.

Os atuns são peixes muito apreciados na culinária oriental, e a albacora-bandolim (Thunnus obesus) é de grande importância comercial. A qualidade do atum é avaliada pela qualidade da carne, frescor, textura e gordura, a qual pode ser alterada por fatores inerentes à captura, tais como: dias de armazenamento a bordo, meses do ano, capturado vivo ou morto, peso e ano. Esses fatores foram correlacionados para se identificarem aqueles que afetam a qualidade da carne. Foram obtidos dados de nove embarcações, de janeiro de 2007 a abril de 2010, e criou-se um banco de informações de 21.908 atuns. A qualidade do pescado e os parâmetros foram relacionados utilizando-se análise de regressão linear múltipla, em que as variáveis foram incluídas no modelo de stepwise (F> 4). Descobriu-se que captura do animal vivo, peixe mais pesado e menos dias de armazenamento afetaram positivamente a qualidade da carne e que há uma sazonalidade da qualidade relacionada a fatores biológicos que não são passíveis de controle.

Tuna are highly prized in Oriental cuisine, and the bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) is of great commercial importance. Quality is assessed by the tuna meat quality, freshness, texture and fat, which can be altered by factors inherent to capture, such as days of onboard storage, months of the year, whether the catch was living or dead, fish weight and year. These factors were correlated to identify those that affect quality. We obtained data from nine vessels, from January 2007 to April 2010, creating an information bank of 21,908 bigeye tuna. Fish quality and parameters were related using multiple linear regression analysis, in which the variables were included in the model by a stepwise procedure (F>4). We found that live catch, heavier fish and fewer days of storage positively affected the quality, and that there is a seasonality of quality related to biological factors, which are not amenable to control.

Uma rainha de Creightonidris scambognatha Brown é citada pela primeira vez para o Mato Grosso, na região do Pantanal, além de e uma operária para Bahia, também pela primeira vez. Ambas foram obtidas através do extrator de Winkler.

A queen of Creightonidris scambognatha Brown is recorded for the fist time for the State of Mato Grosso, Pantanal area, and a worker for the State of Bahia, also for the first time for Brazil. Both specimens were obtained with Winkler extractors.

Foram utilizados 1600 pintos de corte de um dia de idade, distribuídos em delineamento, em blocos ao acaso, com esquema fatorial 4×2 (quatro linhagens, sendo uma delas comercial (Ross-308) e as demais específicas para a produção colonial (Caipirinha, Pescoço Pelado e Paraíso Pedrês) e dois sistemas de criação (confinado e com acesso a piquete), com quatro repetições de 50 aves cada. A ração não continha promotores químicos de crescimento e produtos de origem animal. Avaliaram-se o ganho de peso, o consumo de ração, a conversão alimentar, a mortalidade e os rendimentos de carcaça e das partes (peito, pernas, asas e dorso) aos 56, 63, 70, 77 e 84 dias de idade. O comprimento e a porcentagem (em relação ao peso vivo) dos intestinos e o peso e a porcentagem (em relação ao peso vivo) do fígado, moela e pâncreas foram avaliados aos 84 dias de idade. Houve efeito (P<0,05) da linhagem para as características de desempenho e da linhagem e do sexo para rendimentos da carcaça e das partes, assim como para as características do sistema digestório (P<0,05). O sistema de criação não influenciou as características avaliadas.

One thousand and six hundred day-old-chicks were randomly assigned to a 4×2 factorial design (4 strains and 2 production systems) with 4 replicates of 50 birds each. A commercial strain Ross and three strains (Caipirinha, Pescoço Pelado and Paraíso Pedrês) for free range chicken production systems were used. The production systems were confined and semi-confined supplemented with grass paddock (3m²/bird). The diets did not contain chemical growth promoters and animal by products. Weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, mortality and carcass yield and parts were evaluated at 56, 63, 70, 77 and 84 days. Length and percentage of gut, liver, gizzard and spleen were evaluated at 84 days. Differences (P<0.05) among strains for performance, carcass yield and parts and gut characteristics and no differences (P>0.05) among production systems were observed.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a influência da contagem de células somáticas (CCS) sobre a qualidade do leite produzido em 13 propriedades rurais do Estado de Pernambuco. Este trabalho foi realizado tendo em vista a instrução normativa nº 51, publicada pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), por intermédio do Departamento de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal (DIPOA). Foram coletadas 301 amostras de leite cru tipo “C” de animais em lactação com sistema de ordenha manual e mecânica. O leite coletado foi submetido a testes físicoquímicos, microbiológicos e à contagem de células somáticas (CCS). Os resultados foram comparados aos padrões estabelecidos pela Instrução Normativa nº 51. Das 301 amostras analisadas, verificou-se que as médias para CCS variaram de < 400.000 a 1.000.000 células/mL, a acidez (Dº) de 19,03 a 19,40, a gordura (%) de 3,34 a 3,56, o EST(%) de 12,04 a 11,89, ESD (%) 8,53 a 8,17, a lactose (%) de 4,43 a 4,48; proteína (%) de 3,06 a 3,12 e contagem bacteriana total de 1,8 x 109 a 4,0 x 109 mL. A maioria das amostras encontravam-se dentro dos padrões exigidos pela instrução normativa nº 51, contudo há necessidade de revisão dos procedimento na produção leiteira e introdução de um programa de educação sanitária na região.

ABSTRACT This study was designed to evaluate the effects of somatic cell count (SCC) on milk quality from 13 dairy farms according to federal regulations of Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (Agriculture Ministry of Brazil). Three hundred and one samples of type C milk were collected by hand and by milking machine. The samples were tested for physicochemical, cytological (SCC) and aspects. The results showed SCC ranging from 400,000 to 1,000,000 cells/mL; acidity varied from of 19.03 to 19.40ºD; total fat (3.34% to 3.56%); total solids (12.04% to 11.89%); solids not fat (8.53% to 8.17%); lactose (4.43% to a 4.48%); protein (3.06% to 3.12%) and the bacterial count (1.8 x 109 to 4.0 x 109mL). According to federal regulations no differences in physicochemical and cytological (SCC) patterns of milk were found in these samples, but a continuous education program must be installed in this area to provide milk quality.

Os autores relatam os aspectos clínicos, macroscópicos e ultra-sonográficos em 11 pacientes com neoplasia epitelial papilífera sólido-cística (NEPSC) de pâncreas avaliados prospectivamente. Dez pacientes eram do sexo feminino e um era do sexo masculino, com idades entre 15 e 75 anos (média de 27 anos). Todos os pacientes tiveram diagnóstico de NEPSC de pâncreas comprovado por exame histopatológico e foram submetidos a exames de ultra-sonografia no pré-operatório. Foram avaliadas as dimensões, a localização e os aspectos ultra-sonográficos dos tumores, realizando-se correlação com suas características macroscópicas. O diâmetro transverso médio das lesões foi de 8,7 cm (variação: 4,2 a 16,0 cm). Três localizavam-se na cabeça, três no corpo e cinco na cauda do pâncreas. Todas as lesões tinham algum grau de hemorragia intratumoral e eram bem delimitadas e encapsuladas. Em todos os casos houve correlação completa entre o aspecto macroscópico dos tumores com os achados da ultra-sonografia. Os tumores eram predominantemente sólidos em três casos (27,3%), císticos em um (9,1%) e com aspecto sólido-cístico em sete (63,6%). Foram identificadas calcificações, predominantemente periféricas, em quatro (36,4%) dos 11 pacientes. Todos os tumores estabeleciam contato com algum segmento do eixo venoso espleno-mesentérico-portal. Em apenas um caso foi confirmada invasão vascular tumoral. Não foram identificadas metástases ganglionares ou a distância em nenhum paciente. Os autores concluem que as características ultra-sonográficas se correlacionaram com os aspectos macroscópicos das lesões em todos os casos, e que, embora não-específicas, elas são bastante sugestivas do diagnóstico de NEPSC se analisadas no contexto clínico apropriado.

The authors report the clinical, gross pathology and ultrasonography findings of 11 prospectively studied patients with solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas (SPEN). The patients were one male and ten females aged 15 to 75 years (mean age at diagnosis: 27 years). All patients had pathology proven SPEN and were submitted to preoperative ultrasonography. The size, location and ultrasonographic features of the tumors were evaluated and correlated with the gross pathology findings. The mean transverse diameter of these tumors was 8.7 cm (range: 4.2 cm to 16.0 cm). Tumors were located in the head (three cases), body (three cases) and tail (five cases) of the pancreas. All lesions were well encapsulated and presented some degree of internal hemorrhage. There was full correlation between ultrasonography and gross pathology findings. In three cases (27.3%) the tumors were predominantly solid, cystic in one case (9.1%), and had equal degrees of solid and cystic components in seven cases (63.6%). Calcifications, predominantly peripheral, were seen in four (36.4%) of the 11 patients. All tumors were in contact with the portal, mesenteric and splenic venous axis. In all cases except one there was no venous invasion. Lymph nodes or distant metastases were not observed in any of the patients. The authors concluded that in all cases there was a correlation between the ultrasonography and gross pathology findings, and although ultrasonography findings are not specific they may be highly suggestive of SPEN in the appropriate clinical context.

A ultra-sonografia intra-operatória influencia a conduta cirúrgica em um número significante de pacientes operados por afecções malignas ou benignas. Ela constitui-se no método mais sensível para a detecção de pequenas lesões, especialmente no fígado e pâncreas. Nas cirurgias pancreáticas, a ultra-sonografia intra-operatória é importante na localização de tumores neuroendócrinos e na avaliação da ressecabilidade de adenocarcinomas. Ela também pode ser usada durante as cirurgias para pancreatite crônica. Os autores fazem uma revisão sobre a evolução da ultra-sonografia intra-operatória nas cirurgias pancreáticas desde o seu início até os dias atuais.

Intraoperative ultrasonography influences surgical strategy in a significant number of patients operated due to benign or malignant conditions, and is the most sensitive technique for the detection of small lesions, particularly in the liver and in the pancreas. In pancreatic surgery, intraoperative ultrasonography is helpful in the localization of islet cell tumors and in the assessment of the resectability of adenocarcinomas. The technique may also play a role in chronic pancreatitis surgery. The authors present an up-to-date review of the evolution of intraoperative ultrasonography in pancreatic surgery.

A ultra-sonografia intra-operatória foi realizada especialmente a partir de 1960, com alguns relatos de experiências iniciais nos anos 50. Inicialmente foram avaliados tumores cerebrais, posteriormente estudando-se também cálculos de vias biliares e cálculos renais. Entretanto, a ultra-sonografia intra-operatória em modo A ou modo B estático não adquiriu grande aceitação no meio médico. Não obstante, os primeiros estudos forneceram as bases para o desenvolvimento da moderna ultra-sonografia intra-operatória, com a utilização dos equipamentos ultra-sonográficos em modo B em tempo real. Os autores discorrem sobre a utilização da ultra-sonografia intra-operatória desde o seu início até os dias atuais.

Intraoperative ultrasonography was initially used after 1960. There are also few reports on initial experiences published during the 50'. This technique was firstly used to study cerebral tumors and later on it was also used to evaluate biliary and renal calculi. At that time, intraoperative ultrasonography with A-mode or nonreal-time B-mode imaging did not achieve great recognition by surgeons and clinicians. However, the efforts of the initial reports were used in the development of modern intraoperative ultrasonography using real-time B-mode imaging. The authors comment on the evolution of intraoperative ultrasonography since its birth up to date.

Astroglial cells derived from lateral and medial midbrain sectors differ in their abilities to support neuritic growth of midbrain neurons in cocultures. These different properties of the two types of cells may be related to the composition of their extracellular matrix. We have studied the synthesis and secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) by the two cell types under control conditions and ß-D-xyloside-stimulated conditions, that stimulate the ability to synthesize and release GAGs. We have confirmed that both cell types synthesize and secrete heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Only slight differences were observed between the proportions of the two GAGs produced by the two types of cells after a 24-h labeling period. However, a marked difference was observed between the GAGs produced by the astroglial cells derived from lateral and medial midbrain sectors. The medial cells, which contain derivatives of the tectal and tegmental midline radial glia, synthesized and secreted ~2.3 times more chondroitin sulfate than lateral cells. The synthesis of heparan sulfate was only slightly modified by the addition of ß-D-xyloside. Overall, these results indicate that astroglial cells derived from the two midbrain sectors have marked differences in their capacity to synthesize chondroitin sulfate. Under in vivo conditions or a long period of in vitro culture, they may produce extracellular matrix at concentrations which may differentially affect neuritic growth.