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au:Mendes, C. F. M.

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Resistance of bmr energy sorghum hybrids to sugarcane borer and fall armyworm
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Souza, C. S. F.

; Souza, B. H. S.

; Parrella, R. A. C.

; Simeone, M. L. F.

; Nascimento, P. T.

; França, J. C. O.

; Lima, P. F.

; Mendes, S. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e251883

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O menor teor de lignina em espécies de plantas com potencial energético resulta na maior facilidade de quebra da celulose, disponibilizando glicose para geração de etanol. Porém, maiores teores de lignina representa um fator de resistência ao ataque de insetos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar como importantes pragas do sorgo energia, Diatraea saccharalis e Spodoptera frugiperda, se comportam quanto à alimentação e desempenho em sorgo bmr-6, um genótipo mutante com menor concentração de lignina. Foram realizados experimentos em laboratório e casa de vegetação, avaliando o desenvolvimento destas pragas nos híbridos de sorgo biomassa bmr 007, 008, TX635 e seus respectivos genótipos isogênicos convencionais (sem o gene bmr). O teor de lignina foi maior nos híbridos não bmr, mas nos parâmetros avaliados nos insetos, houve variação entre os tratamentos, não sendo consistente em apenas um híbrido e nem por ser ou não bmr. A menor sobrevivência de S. frugiperda foi verificada no híbrido BR008 tanto bmr quanto não bmr. As notas de injúria por S. frugiperda no sorgo em casa de vegetação foram altas (>7) em todos os tratamentos. Para D. saccharalis, não houve diferença significativa para a sobrevivência larval em laboratório, mas em casa de vegetação o híbrido BR007 tanto bmr quanto não bmr proporcionaram maior sobrevivência. Diante da necessidade de diversificar a matriz energética e o fato de que não foi comprovada neste estudo maior suscetibilidade dos híbridos bmr a ambas as pragas, estes resultados são promissores para o cultivo desses híbridos de sorgo biomassa para produção de biocombustíveis.

Abstract The lower lignin content in plants species with energy potential results in easier cellulose breakdown, making glucose available for ethanol generation. However, higher lignin levels can increase resistance to insect attack. The objective of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility of a bmr-6 biomass sorghum (a mutant genotype with a lower concentration of lignin) to important pests of energy sorghum, Diatraea saccharalis and Spodoptera frugiperda. Experiments were performed in the laboratory and greenhouse to evaluate the development of these pests on the biomass sorghum bmr hybrids BR007, BR008, and TX635 and their respective conventional near-isogenic genotypes (without the bmr gene). The lignin content was higher in non-bmr hybrids, but the evaluated insect variables varied between treatments, not being consistent in just one hybrid or because it is bmr or not. The lowest survival of S. frugiperda was observed in the BR008 hybrid, both bmr and non-bmr. The S. frugiperda injury scores on plants in the greenhouse were high (>7) in all treatments. For D. saccharalis, there was no difference in larval survival in the laboratory, but in the greenhouse, the BR007 hybrid, both bmr and non-bmr, provided greater survival. Due the need to diversify the energy matrix and the fact that greater susceptibility of the bmr hybrids to either pests was not found in this study, these results hold promise for cultivation of these biomass sorghum hybrids for the production of biofuels.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.251883 1 downloads

How omnivory affects the survival and choices of earwig Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)?
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Pacheco, R. C.

; Silva, D. D.

; Mendes, S. M.

; Lima, K. P.

; Figueiredo, J. E. F.

; Marucci, R. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e243890

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) é um predador onívoro, que encontra na planta do milho diferentes recursos alimentares: ovos de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797), uredósporos de Puccinia polysora (Underw, 1897) e pólen. Para definição da relevância desse predador como agente de controle biológico, conhecer a sobrevivência e preferência alimentar é essencial. Nós hipotetizamos que o comportamento de forrageamento e a capacidade de predação de D. luteipes podem ser afetados quando uma mesma planta oferece ovos, uredósporos e pólen, concomitantemente. A sobrevivência de D. luteipes na fase de ninfa e sua preferência entre os recursos alimentares, frequentemente disponíveis nas plantas de milho, foram determinados. Para verificar a sobrevivência de D. luteipes, ninfas recém eclodidas foram alimentadas exclusivamente com 1- uredósporos de P. polysora, 2- ovos de S. frugiperda, 3- pólen de milho, 4- combinação de uredósporos + ovos e 5- dieta artificial (controle). Em outro experimento, ninfas e adultos de D. luteipes com 24 e 48 horas de jejum foram liberadas individualmente, em recipientes contendo quatro dietas: 1- uredósporos de P. polysora, 2- ovos de S. frugiperda, 3- pólen de milho, 4- dieta artificial e mantidas durante 10 min, sendo avaliados a escolha pelo alimento e o tempo de alimentação. A alimentação exclusiva com ovos de S. frugiperda ocasionou baixa sobrevivência das ninfas (8%), porém a combinação de uredósporos de P. polysora + ovos de S. frugiperda possibilitou sobrevivência de 58,3%. D. luteipes preferiu se alimentar durante o período noturno e as maiores proporções de escolhas das ninfas e dos adultos ocorreram no pólen e na dieta, sendo que os adultos gastaram mais tempo se alimentando de pólen. Estas descobertas indicam que as escolhas tróficas de D. luteipes são relevantes para compreender sua contribuição como agente de controle de insetos-praga e doença fúngicas em milho.

Abstract Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) is an omnivorous predator that finds different food resources in the corn plant: eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797), uredospores of Puccinia polysora (Underw, 1897), and pollen. Knowing the survival and food preferences of this predator is essential to define its relevance as a biological control agent. We hypothesize that the foraging behavior and predatory capacity of D. luteipes may be affected when several food resources, especially eggs of S. frugiperda, uredospores of P. polysora, and pollen are concurrently in the same plant. The survival of D. luteipes in the nymph stage and their preference among food resources, often available in corn plants, were determined. To verify the survival of D. luteipes, newly hatched nymphs were fed exclusively with 1- uredospores of P. polysora, 2- eggs of S. frugiperda, 3- corn pollen, 4- a combination of uredospores + eggs, and 5- artificial diet (control). In another experiment, nymphs and adults of D. luteipes with 24 and 48 hours of fasting were individually released in the center of a container with four diets: 1- uredospores of P. polysora, 2- eggs of S. frugiperda, 3- corn pollen, 4- artificial diet, and maintained for 10 minutes, to evaluate the food choice and feeding time. The exclusive feeding with S. frugiperda eggs caused low nymph survival (8%), but the combination of P. polysora uredospores + S. frugiperda eggs allowed 58.3% survival. D. luteipes preferred feeding during the nighttime and the most significant proportions of choices by nymphs and adults were for pollen and diet, with adults spending more time eating pollen. These findings indicate that the trophic choices of D. luteipes are relevant to understand its contribution as an agent to control pest insects and fungal diseases in corn.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.243890 1428 downloads

GATA2 variants in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial or fungal infections without known immunodeficiencies
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Mendes-de-Almeida, Daniela P.

; Andrade, Francianne G.

; Santos-Bueno, Filipe V. dos

; Freitas, Dayvison F. Saraiva

; Soares-Lima, Sheila C.

; Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely M.

; Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S.

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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2023, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 211 - 216

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction Haploinsufficiency of the hematopoietic transcription factor GATA2 is associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, including infection susceptibility and neoplasms. We aimed to investigate GATA2 variants in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) and/or fungal infections (FI) without known immunodeficiencies. Method We performed GATA2 genotyping in patients with NTM and/or FI. Results Twenty-two patients were enrolled (seventeen FI, four NTM and one with both infections). The pathogenic variant NG_029334.1:g.16287C>T was found in one patient (4.5%) and two asymptomatic offsprings. We also found the likely-benign variant NG_029334.1:g.12080G>A (rs2335052), the benign variant NG_029334.1:g.16225C>T (rs11708606) and the variant of uncertain significance NG_029334.1:g.16201G>A (rs369850507) in 18.2%, 27.3%, and 4.5% of the cases, respectively. Malignant diseases were additionally diagnosed in six patients. Conclusion Although detected in 45.4% of the patients, most GATA2 variants were benign or likely benign. Identifying a pathogenic variant was essential for driving both the patient's treatment and familial counseling. Pathogenic variants carriers should receive genetic counseling, subsequent infection prevention measures and malignancies surveillance. Additionally, case-control genotyping should be carried out in Brazil to investigate whether the observed variants may be associated with susceptibility to opportunistic infections and/or concurrent neoplasms.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.01.014

Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives
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Leite, Tatiana S.

; Pinheiro, Igor E.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Bertoncini, Áthila A.

; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del

; Demetrescu, Irene E.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P

; Machado, Arthur A.

; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo

; Martins, Flavio L.

; Mendes, Liana F.

; Rambelli, Gilson

; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.

; Segal, Barbara

; Aguiar, Aline A.

; Auler, Augusto S.

; Barroco-Neto, José

; Bonaldo, Roberta M.

; Buchmann, Francisco S.

; Calippo, Flavio

; Cesar, Augusto

; Gama, Matheus A.C.

; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia

; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.

; Lessa, Guilherme C.

; Menegola, Carla

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Sabino, José

; Seoane, José C.S.

; Sestokas, Julia

; Tiago, Cláudio C.

; Wegner, Ewerton

; Lotufo, Tito

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23045

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

Concentration and thickness of sea ice in the Weddell Sea from SSM/I passive microwave radiometer data
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HILLEBRAND, FERNANDO LUIS

; FREITAS, MARCOS W.D. DE

; BREMER, ULISSES F.

; ABRANTES, TALES C.

; SIMÕES, JEFFERSON C.

; MENDES JÚNIOR, CLÁUDIO W.

; SCHARDONG, FREDERICO

; ARIGONY-NETO, JORGE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 3 elocation e20230342

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study evaluated feasibility statistically and analyzed, during the freezing period, the relationship between brightness temperature (Tb) data of the 37V polarisation and the GR3719 (Gradient Ratio 37V and 19V) obtained by Special Sensor Microwave/Imager from F11 and F13 satellites with sea ice thickness (SIT) data obtained in the Weddell Sea through Antarctic Sea Ice Processes and Climate program. The multiple linear regression (MLR) was applied at 1,520 points, with 70% of these points being randomly separated to generate the MLR and 30% to carry out the validation. To perform the temporal mapping, the MLR was applied only to pixels with sea ice concentration (SIC) ≥ 90%, obtained through the fraction image calculated from the spectral linear mixing model (SLMM) using the Tb in the channels and polarizations 19H, 19V and 37V. The results of the SLMM validation process for estimating the SIC were σ = 10.5%, RMSE = 11.0%, and bias = -2.8%, and the SIT based on the MLR, the results were R² = 0.57, RMSE = 0.268 m, and bias = 0.103 m. In the SIT mapping, we highlight the trend of thickness reduction on the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula during the period 1992–2009.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230342

Comparative analysis of the use of natural and synthetic antioxidants in chicken meat: an update review meat
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Barbosa, A. C. S.

; Mendes, P. S.

; Mattos, G.

; Fuchs, R. H. B.

; Marques, L. L. M.

; Beneti, S. C.

; Heck, S. C.

; Droval, A. A.

; Cardoso, F. A. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e275539

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A busca por alimentos saudáveis tem atraído a atenção da indústria para o desenvolvimento de produtos que utilizam ingredientes naturais, incluindo antioxidantes naturais. Os antioxidantes atuam como radicais livres ou sequestradores de oxigênio, inibindo a oxidação lipídica e afetando adversamente a qualidade sensorial e nutricional dos produtos cárneos. Vários antioxidantes sintéticos têm sido usados na indústria da carne; no entanto, estudos apontam riscos à saúde relacionados ao seu consumo. Tal fato impulsiona a pesquisa de antioxidantes naturais extraídos de grãos, oleaginosas, especiarias, frutas e vegetais, que podem ter um efeito de promoção da saúde. Este manuscrito avalia a eficácia de vários antioxidantes naturais na melhoria da qualidade e prazo de validade de produtos de carne de frango durante o processamento, armazenamento e distribuição. Os efeitos potenciais de antioxidantes naturais amplamente utilizados em produtos de frango também são discutidos. Pode-se concluir que esses antioxidantes naturais são possíveis substitutos dos sintéticos. No entanto, seu uso pode afetar as características do produto. oxigênio cárneos entanto consumo grãos oleaginosas especiarias vegetais processamento distribuição discutidos Podese Pode se produto

Abstract The search for healthy foods has attracted the industry’s attention to developing products that use natural ingredients, including natural antioxidants. Antioxidants act as free radicals or oxygen scavengers, inhibiting lipid oxidation and adversely affecting meat products' sensory and nutritional quality. Several synthetic antioxidants have been used in the meat industry; however, studies point to health risks related to their consumption. Such fact drives research into natural antioxidants extracted from grains, oilseeds, spices, fruits, and vegetables, which may have a health-promoting effect. This manuscript evaluates the effectiveness of several natural antioxidants in improving the quality and shelf life of chicken meat products during processing, storage, and distribution. The potential effects of natural antioxidants widely used in chicken products are also discussed. It can be concluded that these natural antioxidants are possible substitutes for synthetic ones. However, their use can affect the product's characteristics. industrys industry s ingredients scavengers however consumption grains oilseeds spices fruits vegetables healthpromoting promoting effect processing storage distribution discussed ones However product characteristics

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275539

Two years of the COVID-19 pandemic: an anesthesiology perspective
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Schmidt, André P.

; Módolo, Norma S.P.

; de Amorim, Célio G.

; Simões, Cláudia M.

; Kraychete, Durval C.

; Joaquim, Eduardo H.G.

; Lineburger, Eric B.

; Papa, Fábio V.

; Fernandes, Fátima C.

; Mendes, Florentino F.

; Guimarães, Gabriel M.N.

; Barros, Guilherme A.M.

; Silva-Jr, João M.

; Lima, Laís H. Navarro e

; Azi, Liana M.T.A.

; Carvalho, Lorena I.M.

; Stefani, Luciana C.

; Garcia, Luis V.

; Carmona, Maria José C.

; Salgado Filho, Marcello F.

; Nascimento Junior, Paulo do

; Alves, Rodrigo L.

; Carvalho, Vanessa H.

; Quintão, Vinicius C.

; Carmona, Maria José C.

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

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apr 2022, Volume 72 N. 2 Pages 165 - 168

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2022.02.004

Fungivory: a new and complex ecological function of Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)
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Silva, D. D. da

; Mendes, S. M.

; Parreira, D. F.

; Pacheco, R. C.

; Marucci, R. C.

; Cota, L. V.

; Costa, R. V.

; Figueiredo, J. E. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e238763

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Relatamos a descoberta de que o predador Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) se alimenta de uredosporos de Puccinia polysora Underw, o agente causal da ferrugem polisora que é uma doença primária que afeta a cultura do milho no Brasil. Realizamos experimentos em laboratório e em casa de vegetação para testar o efeito da fungivoria de D. luteipes (1º/2º e 3º/4º iìstares e adultos) sobre a concentração de uredosporos de P. polysora. Todos os ensaios mostraram uma redução significativa da concentração inicial de uredosporos. Houve uma redução na concentração de uredosporos com o aumento do número de D. luteipes alimentando-se deles. Também testamos o consumo de uredosporos quantificando sua porcentagem nas fezes de D. luteipes. Ninfas do 2º e 4º ínstar, assim como adultos, alimentaram-se de 88%, 85% e 83,8% dos uredosporos, respectivamente. Para ninfas do 3º ínstar, a porcentagem de consumo de uredosporos (75,6%) foi estatisticamente significativo em comparação com os outros grupos. No experimento em casa de vegetação, aos 28 dias após a inoculação das plantas com 9,9 x 104 uredosporos, a porcentagem de consumo de uredosporos foi de 81,7%. Nossos resultados confirmaram a fungivoria de D. luteipes em uredosporos de P. polysora. Este é o primeiro relato de fungivoria de D. luteipes, que pode ter papel importante no controle biológico de P. polysora em milho.

Abstract We report the discovery that the earwig predator Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) feed on Puccinia polysora Underw uredospore, the causal agent of Southern Rust of Corn (SRC), which is a primary disease affecting the maize crop in Brazil. We performed experiments in laboratory and greenhouse to test the effect of D. luteipes (1st/2nd and 3rd/4th instars, and adults) fungivory on the P. polysora uredospore concentration. All trials showed a significant reduction of the initial concentration of uredospore. There was a reduction in uredospore concentration with increase in number of D. luteipes feeding on them. We also tested the uredospore consumption by quantifying its percentage in the feces of D. luteipes. Nymphs of the 2nd, 4th instar and adults fed 88%, 85%, and 83.8% of the uredospore, respectively. For nymphs of the 3rd instar, the percentage of uredospore consumption (75.6%) was statistically significant compared with the other groups. In greenhouse experiment, at twenty-eight days after plant inoculation with 9.9 x 104 uredospores, the percentage of uredospore consumption was 81.7%. Our results confirmed the fungivory of D. luteipes on P. polysora uredospore. This is the first report of D. luteipes fungivory, which may play an important role in the biological control of P. polysora in corn.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.238763 166 downloads

First report of Zygothrica candens Burla, 1956 (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in mycophagic association with the mushroom Oudemansiella cubensis (Berk. and M.A. Curtis) R.H. Petersen, 2010 (Agaricales, Physalacriaceae) in southern Brazil
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Costa, A. L.

; Mendes, M. F.

; Furlan-Lopes, C.

; Bertazzo-Silva, F. A.

; Köhler, A.

; Putzke, J.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e267871

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.267871

10.

Aquatic pollutants are associated with reproductive alterations and genotoxicity in estuarine fish (Sciades herzbergii - Bloch, 1794) from the Amazon Equatorial Coast
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Noleto, K. S.

; Mendes, D. C. S.

; Carvalho, I. F. S.

; Ribeiro, D. L. S.

; Santos, D. M. S.

; Ferreira, A. P. M.

; Marques, A. L. B.

; Carvalho Neta, R. N. F.

; Tchaicka, L.

; Torres Júnior, J. R. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e267996

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os estuários estão constantemente sujeitos a impactos ambientais de atividades antropogênicas, como pesca, movimentação portuária, indústria ou esgoto doméstico, onde os peixes são um dos animais aquáticos mais atingidos, sendo capazes de refletir os impactos diretamente em seu organismo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar o biomonitoramento de um estuário da Costa Equatorial Amazônica por meio de análises de PAHs (Hidrocarboneto Policiclico Aromáticos) na água, além de metais traços, alterações histopatológicas e análises de micronúcleos eritrocitários em Sciades herzbergii.. O S. herzbergii foi utilizado como espécie modelo, devido seu comportamento estuarino residente. Amostras de gônadas e brânquias foram submetidas a avaliações histopatológicas. A quantificação de metais traços foi realizada em amostras de músculos esqueléticos dos animais coletados, onde foram encontrados teores de Chumbo (Pb), Cobre (Cu), Zinco (Zn), Cádmio (Cd), Magnésio (Mg), Ferro (Fe) e Alumínio (AL), e foram encontradas em concentrações acima dos limites recomendados, à exceção do Cádmio (Cd). A análise dos PAHs revelou a presença de Naftaleno e Acenafteno nas amostras de água. Análises histopatológicas e genotóxicas revelaram lesões em 100% dos espécimes estudados, resultados estes, potencialmente associados à presença de PAH e de metais traços, tanto na água quanto nos tecidos animais, comprovando um cenário geral de contaminação ambiental implicando diretamente em risco à saúde e sobrevivência da biota local. Esse estudo mostra a relevância do biomonitoramento contínuo dos ecossistemas estuarinos, afim de nortear autoridades no manejo de efluentes e assegurar o desenvolvimento evolutivo de espécies estuarinas, sobretudo dos peixes de importância na culinária regional, diretamente relacionados à segurança alimentar humana.

Abstract Estuaries are constantly subject to continuous environmental impacts of human activities, such as fisheries, port or industry, and domestic sewage, with fish being one of the most affected aquatic animals, reflecting the impacts directly on their bodies. Thus, the aim of this study was to carry out the biomonitoring of an estuary located on the Amazonian Equatorial Coast through analysis of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in the water, in addition to trace metals, histopathological alterations and analysis of erythrocyte micronuclei in Sciades herzbergii. S. herzbergii was used as a model species, due to its estuarine-resident behavior. Gonad and gill samples were subjected to histopathological evaluations. The quantification of trace metals was performed in samples of skeletal muscles of the animals collected, where concentrations of Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe) and Aluminum (Al) were found. Except for Cadmium (Cd), all the concentrations were above the recommended limits. The PAHs analysis revealed the presence of Naphthalene and Acenaphthene in the water samples Histopathological and genotoxic analyses revealed of lesions in 100% of the study specimens. Thus, the histological and genotoxic alterations found in 100% of S. herzbergii specimens captured in São José Bay-MA are potentially associated with PAH concentrations present in the water. These results are potentially associated with the presence of PAH and trace metals, both in water and in animal tissues, inferring a general scenario of environmental contamination which directly implies a risk to the health and survival of the local biota. This study shows the relevance of continuous biomonitoring of estuarine ecosystems, in order to guide authorities regarding sewage management and ensure the evolutionary development of estuarine species, especially fishes of importance in the local cuisine, therefore related to human food security.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.267996

11.

Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction with 7-Chloroquinoline Derivatives-New Compounds with Potential Anticancer Activity
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Oliveira, João Paulo G.

; Caleffi, Guilherme S.

; Silva, Everton P.

; Coelho, Maísa C.

; Castro, Aleff C.

; Mendes, Rhuan K. S.

; Olegário, Tayná R.

; Lima-Junior, Claudio G.

; Vasconcellos, Mario L. A. A.

; Souza, Júlia L. C.

; Souza, Sílvia M.

; Militão, Gardênia C. G.

; Vaz, Boniek G.

; Ramalho, Ruver R. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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feb 2021, Volume 32 N. 2 Pages 347 - 354

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts (MBHA) is a class of polyfunctional molecules that has been standing out due to their versatility and expressive biological activities. Therefore, this paper describes the synthesis and antiproliferative activity of some new MBHA/7-choroquinoline hybrids. The Michael acceptors were obtained starting from 4,7-dichloroquinoline which were submitted to the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction with ortho, meta and para-nitrobenzaldehyde. The in vitro screening of the synthetized MBHA against NCI-H292, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cells suggests the influence of the spacer chain in its inhibition potential. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) obtained in the antiproliferative assay using MCF-7, HCT-116, HL-60 and NCI-H292 cancer cells indicate expressive cytotoxic potential of the adducts containing nitro group in the ortho position, with IC50 of 4.60 µmol L-1. MBHA/7-choroquinoline hybrids were more active than MBHA described in literature, indicating the improvement of the cytotoxic effect due to 7-chloroquinoline moiety in the molecular structure, with maximum selectivity index values of 11.89.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200185 303 downloads

12.

Efficiency of biological control for fall armyworm resistant to the protein Cry1F
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Souza, C. S. F.

; Silveira, L. C. P.

; Souza, B. H. S.

; Nascimento, P. T.

; Damasceno, N. C. R.

; Mendes, S. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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feb 2021, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 154 - 163

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O entendimento de relações ecológicas e toxicológicas envolvendo culturas geneticamente modificadas (GM) e agentes de controle biológico é de grande importância para discussões relativas à compatibilidade de culturas GM com estratégias de manejo integrado e manejo de resistência de pragas. Este trabalho avaliou o comportamento de busca e a capacidade predatória de Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) e Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) sobre ovos e lagartas de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistente ou não à proteína Cry1F expressa em milho Bt. Para determinar o tempo de busca foi utilizado um cronômetro que foi disparado até a captura da primeira presa; a capacidade de predação foi avaliada através da contagem das presas remanescentes 24 h após infestação. Também foram avaliadas as injúrias de S. frugiperda em milho transgênico e milho convencional na presença ou ausência dos predadores. Os predadores não foram capazes de distinguir entre presas (ovos ou lagartas) resistentes e suscetíveis, considerando os comportamentos predatórios avaliados. Não houve diferença no tempo de busca e capacidade predatória sobre ovos e lagartas de S. frugiperda resistente ou suscetível entre os predadores. Na presença dos predadores, as notas de injúria de S. frugiperda resistente nas plantas de milho Bt foram menores. Conclui-se que O. insidiosus e D. luteipes não percebem a presença da proteína Cry1F na presa S. frugiperda, o que pode contribuir para o uso integrado de milho GM e controle biológico em programas de manejo integrado e manejo de resistência de pragas.

Abstract Understanding the ecological and toxicological relationship between genetically modified cultivars (GM) and biological control agents is of great importance for discussions related to the compatability of GM cultivars and integrated management strategies for pest resistance. The present study evaluated the search behavior and predatory capacity of Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) on eggs and caterpillars of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistant or not to the protein Cry1F expressed in Bt corn. To determine the search time, a stopwatch was run until the capture of the first prey, predation capacity was evaluated by counting the prey remaining after 24 hours of infestation. The injuries of S. frugiperda in genetically modified and conventional corn in the presence and absence of predators was also evaluated. The predators were not able to distinguish between resistant and susceptible prey (eggs or caterpillars), given the predatory behaviour observed. There was no difference in searching time or predatory capacity between the predators for eggs and caterpillars of either resistant or susceptible S. frugiperda. In the presence of predators, the injury scores for resistant S. frugiperda on the Bt corn plants were lower. It was concluded that O. insidiosus and D. luteipes did not notice the presence of the protein Cry1F in the prey S. frugiperda, which may facilitate the combined use of GM corn and biological control in integrated management programs and for management of pest resistance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.224774 835 downloads

13.

In vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, and in vitro antioxidant, antiglycant and anti-neuroinflammatory actions of Syzygium malaccense
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MENDES, RENATA F.

; BELLOZI, PAULA M.Q.

; CONEGUNDES, JÉSSICA L. MOTA

; FERNANDES, MARIA F.

; PINTO, NÍCOLAS C.C.

; SILVA, JOSIANE M. DA

; COSTA, JULIANA C. DA

; CHEDIER, LUCIANA M.

; DIAS, ALBERTO C.P.

; SCIO, ELITA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20210457

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Syzygium malaccense is popularly used to treat inflammation and pain-related ailments. The species was assessed regarding its antioxidant, antiglycant, anti-inflammatory, including anti-neuroinflammatory, and antinociceptive activities. Different models were employed to measure S. malaccense extract (ESM) antioxidant activity. The antiglycant activity was determined using the glucose-induced protein glycation model. LPS-induced neuroinflammation on murine BV-2 microglial cell line was used for anti-neuroinflammatory activity evaluation. The croton oil-induced ear edema test was accomplished to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. Acetic acid-induced writhing together with formalin-induced paw licking assays were performed to evaluate the antinociceptive potential. Finally, the chemical characterization was accomplished by a UHPLC-MS analysis. ESM presented relevant antioxidant and antiglycant activity. NO production by BV-2 cells was reduced, indicating the relevant neuroprotective activity. ESM significantly decreased the mice ear edema induced by croton oil and the nociceptive stimulus induced by acetic acid and formalin by central and peripheral mechanisms. The flavonoids myricitrin, myricetin and quercetin were identified and, as far as we know, the alkaloid reserpine was reported in the species for the first time. The antioxidant and antiglycant potential of ESM, may be related to the in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, and to the in vitro neuroinflammation inhibition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120210457 1 downloads

14.

Artisanal fisheries of native spiny lobster Panulirus meripurpuratus and smoothtail spiny lobster Panulirus laevicauda in the northeast region of Brazil
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ALENCAR, CARLOS E.R.D.

; ARAÚJO, PAULO V. DO N.

; AMORIM, LARA C.

; LIMA, MAURO S.P.

; MENDES, LIANA DE F.

; FREIRE, FÚLVIO A. DE M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20190715

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Spiny lobsters (Family Palinuridae) are a popular seafood in Brazil. We characterize the fishing activity and analyze the population of lobster species captured in the coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil. We monitored the landings of lobster fishermen at the start of the fishing season, from May 24 to November 21, in 2010, at Pirangi beach, the main landing point in the metropolitan area of Natal. The lobster fisherman in the region use small vessels and a compressor to dive in artificial reefs known as marambaias. The artisanal fishermen are engaged in several illegal practices and revealed a greater capture of lobsters categorized as small-sized for the market (11-13.95cm tail length). The capture area led to different fishing pressures for each species. For P. laevicauda, fishing pressure occurred for all size classes, while for P. meripurpuratus, pressure occurred partially, only for a few population cohorts. On regional scale, fishing involved a demand-supply trade balance centered on the size of capture vs. abundance, regardless of the natural interespecific differences on body size and the preferential distribution area. Our results provide key information for future decision making involving the fishing of spiny lobster.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120190715 168 downloads

15.

Mineralogical characterization of clay mineral assemblages from Rio de Janeiro pegmatites to identify kaolinite and/or halloysite deposits
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Salgado-Campos, V. M. J.

; Bertolino, L. C.

; Silva, F. J. da

; Mendes, J. C.

Cerâmica

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dec 2020, Volume 66 N. 380 Pages 483 - 495

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo reporta a caracterização mineralógica de ocorrências de caulim no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, com enfoque na identificação de depósitos de caulinita e/ou halloysita. Amostras foram coletadas em 10 pegmatitos de dimensões variadas para estudos de difratometria de raios X, análise química por fluorescência de raios X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. As ocorrências de caulim nos corpos pegmatíticos foram de origem intempérica, onde em alguns locais houve ocorrência de halloysita tubular. Dentro da estratigrafia do regolito, as amostras localizadas na zona de saprock apresentaram teores de caulinita e/ou halloysita entre 0 e 10,1%, enquanto aquelas localizadas no saprólito apresentaram maiores teores de caulinita entre 16,3% e 34,9%. A caulinita e/ou halloysita foram formadas a partir da alteração de plagioclásio e não de K-feldspato ou mica, estando a ocorrência de halloysita associada a locais de grau de intemperismo mais elevado.

Abstract This study reports the mineralogical characterization of kaolin occurrences in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to identify new kaolinite and halloysite deposits. Samples were collected in 10 pegmatites with varying sizes for X-ray diffractometry, chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy studies. The results indicated that the kaolin occurrences were of weathered origin, wherein some places there were occurrences of tubular halloysite. Concerning the regolith stratigraphy, samples located in the saprock zone were found to contain kaolinite and/or halloysite contents from 0 to 10.1%, while those located in the saprolite zone contained kaolinite and/or halloysite contents from 16.3% to 34.9%. Kaolinite and/or halloysite-7Å were formed from plagioclase weathering instead of K-feldspar or mica, and the halloysite-7Å occurrence was related to samples in regions with a higher degree of weathering.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132020663802928 967 downloads

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