Abstract Introduction Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic, hereditary and autosomal dominant syndrome triggered by halogenates/succinylcholine. The In Vitro Contracture Test (IVCT) is the gold standard diagnostic test for MH, and it evaluates abnormal skeletal muscle reactions of susceptible individuals (earlier/greater contracture) when exposed to caffeine/halothane. MH susceptibility episodes and IVCT seem to be related to individual features. Objective To assess variables that correlate with IVCT in Brazilian patients referred for MH investigation due to a history of personal/family MH. Methods We examined IVCTs of 80 patients investigated for MH between 2004‒2019. We recorded clinical data (age, sex, presence of muscle weakness or myopathy with muscle biopsy showing cores, genetic evaluation, IVCT result) and IVCT features (initial and final maximum contraction, caffeine/halothane concentration triggering contracture of 0.2g, contracture at caffeine concentration of 2 and 32 mmoL and at 2% halothane, and contraction after 100 Hz stimulation). Results Mean age of the sample was 35±13.3 years, and most of the subjects were female (n=43 or 54%) and MH susceptible (60%). Of the 20 subjects undergoing genetic investigation, 65% showed variants in RYR1/CACNA1S genes. We found no difference between the positive and negative IVCT groups regarding age, sex, number of probands, presence of muscle weakness or myopathy with muscle biopsy showing cores. Regression analysis revealed that the best predictors of positive IVCT were male sex (+12%), absence of muscle weakness (+20%), and personal MH background (+17%). Conclusions Positive IVCT results have been correlated to male probands, in accordance with early publications. Furthermore, normal muscle strength has been confirmed as a significant predictor of positive IVCT while investigating suspected MH cases.

Resumo Mudanças na precipitação e na temperatura do ar podem produzir diferentes impactos no regime hidrológico, causando colapso no abastecimento de água. Este estudo focaliza nos impactos das mudanças climáticas na bacia do Rio Verde (VRB), uma bacia hidrográfica de cabeceira no sudeste do Brasil, localizada em Minas Gerais. O modelo hidrológico Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) foi calibrado e validado na bacia do Rio Verde. O downscaling (Modelo de Clima Regional Eta, com resolução de 20 km) de três Modelos de Circulação Global (CanESM2, HadGEM2-ES e MIROC5) foram usados no VIC com dados históricos (1961-2005) e em três intervalos de tempo (2011- 2040, 2041-2070 e 2071-2099), nos cenários RCPs 4.5 e 8.5. Os cenários foram usados como entrada no modelo hidrológico após a correção do viés. O modelo hidrológico (VIC) apresentou desempenho estatístico satisfatório na calibração e validação, com CNS variando de 0,77 a 0,85 para as vazões diárias e mensais; no entanto, superestimou alguns fluxos de pico e subestimou os de recessão. A média do conjunto de modelos prevê aumentos da temperatura média mensal mínima e máxima no final do século. O Eta-CanESM2 indicou maiores temperaturas, principalmente para RCP8.5 no final do século, enquanto Eta-HadGEM2-ES apresentou a maior redução na precipitação para RCP4.5 no início do século e para RCP8.5 no final do século, impactando negativamente na evapotranspiração e vazão. Entre os Modelos Climáticos Regionais (MCRs), o Eta-MIROC5 apresentou pequenas alterações nos componentes do ciclo hidrológico. Este estudo sugere que Modelos de Circulação Global representam incertezas adicionais, que devem ser consideradas na avaliação do impacto das mudanças climáticas.

Abstract Changes in precipitation and air temperature may produce different impacts on the hydrological regime, compromising water supply. This study focuses on climate change impacts in the Verde River Basin (VRB), a tropical headwater basin in southeast Brazil, located in the state of Minas Gerais. The Variable Infiltration Capacity model (VIC) was calibrated and validated in the Verde River Basin. The downscaling (Eta Regional Climate Model, at 20-km resolution) of three Global Circulation Models (CanESM2, HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5) were used to drive the VIC for a historical baseline (1961-2005) and three time-slices (2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2099), under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The scenarios were used as input in the hydrological model after bias correction. The hydrological model (VIC) showed satisfactory statistical performance in calibration and validation, with CNS varying from 0.77 to 0.85 for daily and monthly discharges; however, it overestimated some peak flows and underestimated the recession flows. Multi-model ensemble means predict increases of the minimum and maximum monthly average temperature for the investigated area at the end of the century. The Eta-CanESM2 indicated greater warming, mainly for RCP8.5 at the end the century, whereas Eta-HadGEM2-ES showed higher reduction in the precipitation for RCP4.5 at the beginning of the century and for RCP8.5 at the end the century, negatively impacting the evapotranspiration and discharge. Among the Regional Climate Models (RCMs), the Eta-MIROC5 showed minor changes in the components of the hydrological cycle. This study suggests that Global Circulation Models represent an additional uncertainty, which should be accounted for in the climate change impact assessment.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 emerged in late 2019 and quickly became a serious public health problem worldwide. This study aim to describe the epidemiological course of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 and their impact on hospital bed occupancy rates in the first 45 days of the epidemic in the state of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: The study used an ecological design with data gathered from multiple government and health care sources. Data were analyzed using Epi Info software. RESULTS: The first cases were confirmed on March 15, 2020. After 45 days, 37,268 cases reported in 85.9% of Ceará’s municipalities, with 1,019 deaths. Laboratory test positivity reached 84.8% at the end of April, a period in which more than 700 daily tests were processed. The average age of cases was 67 (<1 - 101) years, most occurred in a hospital environment (91.9%), and 58% required hospitalization in an ICU bed. The average time between the onset of symptoms and death was 18 (1 - 56) days. Patients who died in the hospital had spent an average of six (0 - 40) days hospitalized. Across Ceará, the bed occupancy rate reached 71.3% in the wards and 80.5% in the ICU. CONCLUSIONS: The first 45 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ceará revealed a large number of cases and deaths, spreading initially among the population with a high socioeconomic status. Despite the efforts by the health services and social isolation measures the health system still collapsed.

Resumo Previsões de vazão bem-sucedidas dependem de uma adequada avaliação de desempenho do modelo hidrológico. Neste estudo, as respostas hidrológicas foram comparadas usando dois modelos hidrológicos, físico-baseados e semi-distribuidos, Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) e Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC), utilizando dados de entrada da bacia hidrográfica do rio Verde, localizada ao sul do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Este é um estudo de uma das mais importantes regiões hidrográficas de cabeceiras do Brasil (Serra da Mantiqueira). Ambos os modelos foram adequados para simulação da vazão, sendo os valores de R2 (coeficiente de determinação) e de NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe) superiores a 0,8, NSELog superiores a 0.35 (Eficiência Nash-Sutcliffe do logarítimico dos valores de vazão) e PBIAS (desvio percentual) menor que 25%. A integração da avaliação de desempenho dos modelos SWAT e VIC pode ser útil em diferentes estudos de avaliação dos recursos hídricos. Portanto, a partir deste estudo mais investigações devem ser conduzidas usando vários modelos hidrológicos e cenários de mudanças climáticas e de uso e cobertura da terra, na região.

Abstract Successful streamflow forecasts depend on an adequate performance evaluation of the hydrological model. In this study, the hydrological responses were compared using two hydrological models, physic-based and semi-distributed, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC), using input data from the Verde River Watershed, located in the Minas Gerais state in southern Brazil. This is a study of one of the most important headwater watershed regions of Brazil (Mantiqueira Range). Both models were suitable for streamflow simulation, with values of R2 (determination coefficient) and NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe) higher than 0.8, NSELog higher than 0.35 (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency of the logarithmic values of discharge) and PBIAS (percentage deviation) less than 25%. The integration of SWAT and VIC models can be useful in different water-resource assessment studies. Therefore, based upon this study further investigations should be conducted using various hydrological models and climate, land-use and land-cover changes scenarios in the region.

RESUMO O trabalho discute os fatores que influenciam o uso do Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior pelo corpo docente de um Programa de Pós-Graduação na área das ciências sociais aplicadas da Universidade Federal da Bahia, identificando a fase atual do processo de institucionalização do uso da ferramenta, como instrumento de acesso à informação. Resulta de um estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa, com base em revisão da literatura e observação direta não-participante. Objetiva analisar como os fatores intraorganizacionais influenciam o uso do Portal de Periódicos. Baseado nos estudos de Pamela Tolber e Richard Hall, o texto remete à reflexão de como os fatores organizacionais podem influenciar na adoção do sistema informativo. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o processo de institucionalização não atingiu sua plenitude e apontam para uma necessidade de aprimorar os processos organizacionais para que o uso da ferramenta seja sedimentado no Programa. PósGraduação Pós Graduação Bahia informação qualitativa nãoparticipante. nãoparticipante participante. participante não-participante Hall informativo

ABSTRACT The paper discusses the factors that influence the use of the Journal Portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel by the faculty of a Postgraduate Program in the field of applied social sciences at the Federal University of Bahia, identifying the current phase of the process institutionalizing the use of the tool as an instrument of access to information. It results from a qualitative descriptive study, based on literature review and direct non-participant observation. It aims to analyze how intraorganizational factors influence the use of the Journal Portal. Based on the studies of Pamela Tolber and Richard Hall, the text refers to the reflection of how organizational factors can influence the adoption of the information system. The results found indicate that the institutionalization process has not reached its fullness and point to a need to improve the organizational processes so that the use of the tool is consolidated in the Program. Bahia study nonparticipant non participant observation Hall system

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do aumento das concentrações de sólidos totais (ST) no leite, pela adição de quantidades crescentes de sucedâneo do leite em pó, sobre o comportamento de bezerras leiteiras. Bezerras mestiças Holandês-Gir (n = 60) foram distribuídas em quatro tratamentos: 13,5, 16,1, 18,2 e 20,4% de ST. Dos 5 aos 55 dias de idade, as bezerras receberam 6 L por dia de dieta líquida, que foi reduzida à metade dos 56 aos 59 dias. As bezerras foram desaleitadas aos 60 dias de idade e monitoradas até os 90 dias, e o seu comportamento foi avaliado semanalmente. Durante o desaleitamento gradual e após o desaleitamento, o comportamento das bezerras foi anotado 1 hora antes e 1 hora após o oferecimento da dieta liquida, e, durante a fase de desaleitamento, foi avaliado pelo método de varredura instantânea. As bezerras alimentadas com 20,4% de ST na dieta líquida apresentam maior número de comportamentos de brincadeiras, menor tempo de permanência em pé e maior tempo ruminando, em comparação às que receberam 13,5% de ST na dieta líquida, o que indica que maior plano nutricional durante o desaleitamento é uma estratégia efetiva para a redução do estresse nessa etapa.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of increasing the contents of total solids (TS) in whole milk, by adding increasing amounts of milk replacer powder, on the behavior of dairy heifers. Holstein-Gyr crossbred heifers (n = 60) were distributed in four treatments: 13.5, 16.1, 18.2, and 20.4% TS. From 5 to 55 days of age, heifers received 6 L per day of liquid feed, which was reduced by half from 56 to 59 days. Heifers were weaned at 60 days of age and monitored until 90 days, and their behavior was evaluated weekly. During gradual weaning and after weaning, heifer behavior was recorded 1 hour before and 1 hour after liquid feed was offered, and, during weaning, it was evaluated by the scan method. Heifers fed liquid feed containing 20.4% TS present a higher number of play behaviors, spent less time standing, and spent more time ruminating than those that received liquid feed with 13.5% TS, indicating that a higher nutritional plan during weaning is an effective strategy to reduce stress in this period.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever a experiência e os resultados preliminares do Comitê de Investigação de Óbitos por Arboviroses no Ceará, Brasil, em 2017. Métodos: o Comitê investiga e discute todos os casos suspeitos de óbitos por arboviroses notificados pela vigilância epidemiológica. Resultados: foram notificados 443 óbitos suspeitos de arboviroses e 220 (49,7%) foram confirmados; destes, 88,2% por chikungunya e 11,8% por dengue; a mediana de idade dos óbitos por chikungunya foi mais elevada, quando comparada à da dengue (77 versus 56 anos), e o tempo de evolução até o óbito também foi mais prolongado, quando comparado ao da dengue (38 versus 12 dias); para o encerramento dos casos, a mediana foi de 54,5 dias; em 2017, o Ceará confirmou 80,4% dos óbitos por chikungunya no Brasil. Conclusão: a análise dos óbitos mostrou que o CHIKV foi o responsável pela maior parte dos óbitos por arboviroses no estado do Ceará, em 2017.

Abstract Objective: to describe the experience and preliminary results of the Arbovirus Death Investigation Committee in Ceará, Brazil, in 2017. Methods: the Committee investigates and discusses all suspected cases of arbovirus deaths reported by the epidemiological surveillance service. Results: a total of 443 suspected arbovirus deaths were reported, 220 (49.7%) of which were confirmed; of these, 88.2% were from chikungunya and 11.8% from dengue; the median age of chikungunya deaths was higher when compared to dengue (77 versus 56 years) and the time until death was also longer when compared to dengue (38 versus 12 days); median time for case closure was 54.5 days; in 2017, Ceará confirmed 80.4% of Brazilian chikungunya deaths. Conclusion: the investigation of deaths showed that CHIK viruses were responsible for the majority of arboviral deaths in the state of Ceará, in 2017.

Resumen Objetivo: describir la experiencia y los resultados preliminares del Comité de Investigación de Óbitos por Arbovirus desarrollada en Ceará, Brasil, en 2017. Métodos: el comité discute los casos sospechosos de muertes por arbovirus notificados por la vigilancia epidemiológica. Resultados: se notificaron 443 óbitos sospechosos y 220 (49,7%) fueron confirmados; de estos, 88,2% por chikungunya y 11,8% por dengue; el promedio de edad de los fallecimientos por chikungunya fue más elevado (77 versus 56 años) y el tiempo de evolución hasta el óbito más prolongado, en comparación con el dengue (38 versus 12 días); para el cierre de los casos el promedio fue de 54,5 días; en 2017, Ceará confirmó 80,4% de las muertes por chikungunya en Brasil. Conclusión: El análisis de muertes mostró que CHIKV fue responsable de la mayoría de las muertes por arbovirus en el estado de Ceará, en 2017.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever a experiência e os resultados preliminares do Comitê de Investigação de Óbitos por Arboviroses no Ceará, Brasil, em 2017. Métodos: o Comitê investiga e discute todos os casos suspeitos de óbitos por arboviroses notificados pela vigilância epidemiológica. Resultados: foram notificados 443 óbitos suspeitos de arboviroses e 220 (49,7%) foram confirmados; destes, 88,2% por chikungunya e 11,8% por dengue; a mediana de idade dos óbitos por chikungunya foi mais elevada, quando comparada à da dengue (77 versus 56 anos), e o tempo de evolução até o óbito também foi mais prolongado, quando comparado ao da dengue (38 versus 12 dias); para o encerramento dos casos, a mediana foi de 54,5 dias; em 2017, o Ceará confirmou 80,4% dos óbitos por chikungunya no Brasil. Conclusão: a análise dos óbitos mostrou que o CHIKV foi o responsável pela maior parte dos óbitos por arboviroses no estado do Ceará, em 2017.

Abstract Objective: to describe the experience and preliminary results of the Arbovirus Death Investigation Committee in Ceará, Brazil, in 2017. Methods: the Committee investigates and discusses all suspected cases of arbovirus deaths reported by the epidemiological surveillance service. Results: a total of 443 suspected arbovirus deaths were reported, 220 (49.7%) of which were confirmed; of these, 88.2% were from chikungunya and 11.8% from dengue; the median age of chikungunya deaths was higher when compared to dengue (77 versus 56 years) and the time until death was also longer when compared to dengue (38 versus 12 days); median time for case closure was 54.5 days; in 2017, Ceará confirmed 80.4% of Brazilian chikungunya deaths. Conclusion: the investigation of deaths showed that CHIK viruses were responsible for the majority of arboviral deaths in the state of Ceará, in 2017.

Resumen Objetivo: describir la experiencia y los resultados preliminares del Comité de Investigación de Óbitos por Arbovirus desarrollada en Ceará, Brasil, en 2017. Métodos: el comité discute los casos sospechosos de muertes por arbovirus notificados por la vigilancia epidemiológica. Resultados: se notificaron 443 óbitos sospechosos y 220 (49,7%) fueron confirmados; de estos, 88,2% por chikungunya y 11,8% por dengue; el promedio de edad de los fallecimientos por chikungunya fue más elevado (77 versus 56 años) y el tiempo de evolución hasta el óbito más prolongado, en comparación con el dengue (38 versus 12 días); para el cierre de los casos el promedio fue de 54,5 días; en 2017, Ceará confirmó 80,4% de las muertes por chikungunya en Brasil. Conclusión: El análisis de muertes mostró que CHIKV fue responsable de la mayoría de las muertes por arbovirus en el estado de Ceará, en 2017.

Abstract INTRODUCTION We describe the clinical and laboratorial features of oral candidiasis in 66 HIV-positive patients. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction-based techniques were performed for differentiation of Candida spp. isolated from patients at a public teaching hospital in Midwest Brazil. RESULTS: Oral lesions, mainly pseudomembranous, were significantly related to higher levels of immunosuppression. Of 45 Candida isolates, 66.7% were C. albicans. Most of the isolates were susceptible to the antifungal drugs tested. CONCLUSIONS: Oral lesions were associated with higher immunosuppression levels. Lower susceptibility to antifungals by non-albicans isolates supports the importance of surveillance studies using susceptibility tests to aid in the treatment.

ABSTRACT: Considering that success of dental implants is not only related to osseointegration, but also with their survival rates, the aim of this study was to perform a literature review about bone remodeling around osseointegrated implants. A detailed search strategy was used for this, and articles published between the years 1930 and 2012 were selected. The rare data found in the literature demonstrated that implants are osseointegrated 30 days after their placement. However, active bone remodeling with osteoclasts and osteoblasts working in synchrony continues to occur. Therefore, after osseointegration, the initially formed bone, which presents characteristics of spongy bone, is gradually resorbed and replaced by compact bone after 90 days. Furthermore, other portions of bone tissue a little more distant from the interface, which establish direct contact with the implant, are also damaged during the drilling process, and therefore, they also need to be remodeled. Among the rare studies found in the literature about bone remodeling after osseointegration, there were no verified studies on the possible influence of implant surface treatments on bone remodeling that occurs after osseointegration. Only studies involving implants with machined surfaces have been conducted up to now.

Abstract: Bulk-fill composites are claimed to be restorative materials used in deep preparations and effectively photoactivated in layers up to 4 mm. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of conversion, post-gel volumetric shrinkage, and cytotoxicity of six bulk-fill and two conventional composites. Degree of conversion was determined by FTIR spectroscopy; post-gel volumetric shrinkage was determined using the strain gauge method; and cytotoxicity in human fibroblasts was evaluated indirectly by the MTT assay. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA/Tukey's test (α = 0.05). All materials, including bulk-fill and conventional composites, were classified as non-toxic, with cell viability higher than 70%. Bulk-fill composites exhibited volumetric shrinkage similar to or lower (1.4 to 0.4%) than that of conventional composites (1.7–2.1%). However, only four of the bulk-fill composites were able to sustain a homogeneous conversion at the 4-mm depth. Despite their non-toxicity and shrinkage similar to that of conventional materials, not all commercial bulk-fill materials were able to maintain a conversion as high as 80% of the superficial layer, at the 4-mm depth, indicating some failure in the bulk-fill design of some commercial brands. Therefore, the use of bulk-fill materials in dental practice is advantageous, but special attention should be given to the selection and correct use of the materials.