O agente primário da actinomicose/osteomielite mandibular é o Actinomyces bovis que infecta principalmente ossos da cavidade oral de bovinos, acarretando prejuízos econômicos devido a perda de peso ocasionada pela dor à mastigação. O diagnóstico é comumente realizado por um bom exame clínico, radiográfico, bacterioscopia e cultivo microbiológico. Neste relato é apresentado o caso de um ovino com aumento localizado de mandíbula. O exame radiográfico demonstrou osteomielite. Amostras da lesão foram coletadas para realização de exame microbiológico e histopatológico. A histopatologia evidenciou lesão piogranulomatosa e na bacterioscopia foi demonstrado um agente Gram-positivo ramificado, filamentoso e catalase negativo. Os achados clínicos associados aos resultados dos exames complementares confirmaram a ocorrência incomum de infecção mandibular por A. bovis em um ovino.

The primary agent of actinomicosis/mandibular osteomyelitis is Actinomyces bovis that infects mainly bones of the oral cavity of cattle, resulting in economic losses due to weight loss caused by pain on chewing. The diagnosis is usually made by a good clinical examination, radiographic, bacterioscopy and microbiological culture. This report describes the case of a sheep that had localized increase of the jaw, where the material from the lesion was collected for microbiological and histopathological diagnosis. Osteomyelitis was demonstrated by radiography. Piogranuloma was observed at the histophatology. Bacterioscopy evidenced a Gram-positive, branched, filamentous and catalase negative agent. The main clinical findings and diagnoses confirmed the occurrence of unusual jaw infection by A. bovis in a sheep.

Current knowledge on bat lyssavirus infections in their native hosts is limited and little is known about the virulence, virus dissemination and transmission among free-living insectivorous bats. The present study is a brief description of rabies virus (RABV) dissemination in tissues of a naturally infected pregnant southern yellow bat (Lasiurus ega) and its fetuses, obtained by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The RT-PCR was positive in samples from the brain, salivary gland, tongue, lungs, heart, kidneys and liver. On the other hand, the placenta, three fetuses, spleen, intestine and brown fat tissue tested negative. This research demonstrated the absence of rabies virus in the fetuses, thus, in this specific case, the transplacentary transmission was not observed.

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the infection rate by Brucella spp. in wild and in captive animals. Serum samples from 121 animals (94 free-ranging and 27 captive) of different mammal species were evaluated. Sera were submitted to rose Bengal test (RBT) for screening and serum agglutination tests (SAT) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) for confirmatory results. Nine animals (five free-ranging and four captive) tested positive in RBT, but negative in the confirmatory tests. Several domestic animal diseases that have control programs are not focused on wild reservoirs, such as brucellosis in Brazil. The study of new reservoirs in wildlife is essential to prevent emerging diseases.