O experimento objetivou determinar os valores nutricionais de diferentes frações de milho obtidas por meio de estratificação em mesa densimétrica na recria de frangas. Os milhos foram designados como: MDA - milho de densidade alta; MDI - milho de densidade intermediária; MDB - milho de densidade baixa; MDT - milho de densidade total, composto de 30% de MDA, 60% de MDI e 10% de MDB. Para a determinação da energia metabolizável corrigida (EMAn) foi utilizado o método de coleta total de excretas em frangas Hy Line de 15 semanas. Os valores de EMAn (kcal/kg na MN) foram: 3.467; 3.340; 3.217 e 3.385kcal/kg e densidade (kg/m³): 818,61; 698,13; 681,80 e 736,39kg/m³ para MDA; MDI; MDB e MDT, respectivamente. O MDB apresentou maior valor em todos os aminoácidos digestíveis, com maior intensidade para o triptofano. As frações de milho foram variáveis quanto ao EMAn e perfil de aminoácidos digestíveis, indicando a necessidade de correções nutricionais para a formulação de rações de custo mínimo.

The experiment aimed to determine the nutritional value of different corn fractions obtained by stratification in a gravity table of replacement pullets. The corn was designated as MDA - high density corn; MDI - medium density corn; MDB - low density corn; MDT - total corn density, composed of 30% MDA, 60% MDI and 10% MDB. To determine the corrected metabolizable energy (AME N) a method for total collection of excreta with pullets Hy Line was used for 15 weeks. AME N (kcal/kg in MN) were: 3467, 3340, 3217 and 3385kcal/kg and density (kg/m³): 818.61, 698.13, 681.80 and 736.39 for MDA, MDI, MDB and MDT, respectively. The MDB showed the highest value in all the digestible amino acids, with higher intensity for the tryptophan. The fractions of corn were variable as to AME N and digestible amino acid profiles, indicating the need for corrections to the nutritional feed formulation of minimum cost.

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a atividade antifúngica in vitro do óleo essencial de Origanum vulgare frente a isolados clínicos de Malassezia pachydermatis. As folhas secas de O. vulgare foram adquiridas de distribuidor comercial com certificado de qualidade e origem e encaminhadas para extração do óleo essencial e cromatografia. Para realização do teste in vitro, foi utilizada a técnica de microdiluição em caldo (CLSI M27A3) com modificações para fitofármacos e M. pachydermatis. O óleo essencial de orégano foi testado nas concentrações de 28 a 0,87mg/mL diluído em caldo Sabouraud com 1% de tween 80. Todos os isolados foram testados em duplicata. Na análise cromatográfica do óleo essencial, foram identificados 12 compostos, sendo timol, a-terpineno e 4-terpineol os compostos majoritários. A CIM e a CFM dos 42 isolados de M. pachydermatis variaram de <0,87 a 7mg/mL, com valores de CIM50 e CIM90 de 1,18 e 3,28mg/mL, respectivamente. Com este estudo foi possível concluir que M. pachydermatis é sensível ao óleo essencial de orégano mesmo em concentrações baixas. Dessa maneira, o óleo essencial de orégano apresenta-se como promissor na bioprospecção de novos fármacos para o tratamento das otites e dermatites na clínica de pequenos animais.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of essential oil of Origanum vulgare against clinical isolates of Malassezia pachydermatis. The dried leaves of O. vulgare were purchased from a commercial distributor with certified quality and origin and referred for essential oil extraction and chromatography. The technique for in vitro testing was microdilution (CLSI M27A3) with modifications to phytochemicals and M. pachydermatis. The essential oil of O. vulgare was tested at concentrations from 28 to 0.87mg/mL in Sabouraud broth diluted with 1% of tween 80. All isolates were tested in duplicate. In the chromatographic analysis of the essential oil 12 compounds were identified, and thymol, α-terpinene, 4-terpineol were the major compounds. The MIC and the MFC of the 42 isolates of M. pachydermatis ranged from <0.87 to 7mg/mL with MIC50 and MIC90 values of 1.18 and 3.28 mg/mL, respectively. With this study it was concluded that M. pachydermatis is sensible to O. vulgare essential oil even at low concentrations. Thus, the essential oil of O. vulgare is presented as bioprospecting in the promising new drugs for the treatment of otitis and dermatitis in small animal clinic.

Fitobezoares são estruturas formadas pela agregação de fibras, principalmente vegetais, no trato digestivo de ruminantes, ocasionando obstruções intestinais que podem levar o animal à morte. Informações sobre a formação desse aglomerado ainda são escassas. Neste estudo, são identificados os principais componentes de fitobezoares bovinos, e descrita as estruturas anatômicas das folhas de três espécies de Stylosanthes SW.: S.capitata Vogel, S. macrocephala M. B. Ferreira & S. Costa, S. guianensis var. vulgaris M.B. Ferreira & Sousa Costa cv. 'Mineirão' e S. guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. As plantas selecionadas são utilizadas na dieta do gado e potenciais formadoras do fitobezoar. Os fitobezoares foram fragmentados para análise de sua composição e analisados seguindo-se as técnicas da anatomia vegetal. As fibras e cristais encontrados em fitobezoares são similares aos observados nos feixes esclerenquimáticos presentes nos folíolos das espécies de Stylosanthes avaliadas. Nossos resultados apontam diferenças na abundância de fibras nos folíolos de cada espécie. S. macrocephala é a variedade que sugere maior potencial para formação de fitobezoares no trato digestivo de animais que se alimentam dessa leguminosa, devido a abundância de fibras e cristais presentes na folha. Os feixes esclerenquimáticos, idioblastos e a abundância de cristais de oxalato de cálcio nas espécies Stylosanthes podem potencializar a formação de fitobezoares em ruminantes, em especial quando essas leguminosas são consumidas em excesso.

Phytobezoars are structures formed by the aggregation of primarily plant fibers in the digestive tract of ruminants, causing intestinal obstruction that can lead to the death of an animal. Information about the formation of these clusters is scarce. This study identified the main components of bovine phytobezoars and described the leaf anatomy of three species and one variety of Stylosanthes SW.: S.capitata Vogel, S. macrocephala B. Ferreira & S. Costa, S. guianensis var. vulgaris M.B. & Sousa Ferreira Costa cv. 'Mineirão' and S. guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. These plants are used as feed for livestock and probably contribute to the formation of phytobezoars. The phytobezoars were fragmented for analysis of their internal composition and were studied according to plant anatomy techniques. The fibers and crystals found in phytobezoars were similar to the sclerenchyma fiber bundles found in Stylosanthes. The comparative analysis of Stylosanthes showed differences in the abundance of fibers in the leaflets of each species. S. macrocephala is the variety that may have the highest potential for formation of phytobezoars in the digestive tract of animals because there was an abundance of fibers and crystals present in the leaf. The sclerenchyma bundles, idioblasts, and the abundance of calcium oxalate crystals in Stylosanthes species may potentiate the formation of phytobezoars in ruminants, particularly when these legumes are consumed in excess.

Relatou-se um caso clínico de dermatite multifatorial em cão, envolvendo Demodex canis, Sporothrix schenckii e bactérias dos gêneros Staphylococcus e Streptococcus. O animal, macho, da raça Pit Bull, com um ano e três meses de idade, apresentou lesões úmidas, hiperêmicas, descamativas e ulcerativas nas regiões do pescoço e do tórax. Exames laboratoriais confirmaram o diagnóstico de infecção concomitante por fungo, bactéria e parasito. A terapia antimicrobiana com moxidectina, itraconazol e amoxicilina foi efetiva, com remissão dos sinais clínicos após 30 dias de tratamento. Este relato salienta a importância do diagnóstico de certeza, que foi determinante para estabelecimento da terapêutica adequada e recuperação do animal.

A clinical case of dermatitis multifactorial in a dog was reported, involving Demodex canis, Sporothrix schenckii, and bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. The animal, male, Pit Bull, with a year and three months of age had soaked lesions, was hyperemic, scaly and had an ulcer in the neck and chest. Laboratory tests confirmed the diagnosis of concomitant infection by fungi, bacteria and parasites. Antimicrobial therapy with moxidectin, itraconazol and amoxicillin was effective, with remission of clinical signs after 30 days of treatment. This report emphasizes the importance of an accurate diagnosis, which was crucial to establish the correct treatment and recovery of the animal.

Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação de eletrólitos sobre o desempenho de frangos, utilizando bicarbonato de sódio (NaHCO3) e cloreto de potássio (KCl) para ajuste do balanço eletrolítico da dieta (BED) com duas porcentagens de proteína bruta (PB). Utilizaram-se 800 frangos machos, alojados em 20 boxes, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos, cinco repetições e 40 aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram: dieta basal; dieta sem redução de PB suplementada com eletrólitos para ajuste do BED para 250mEq/kg; dieta com redução de PB, sem suplementação de eletrólitos; e dieta com redução de PB, com eletrólitos para ajuste do BED para 250mEq/kg. Foram avaliados: consumo da dieta, peso final, ganho de peso, ganho de peso médio diário, conversão alimentar e calórica e eficiência de utilização de nitrogênio e lisina nas fases de sete a 21 e de sete a 42 dias. Não se observaram diferenças (P>0,05) no consumo da dieta. A correção do BED com menor teor de PB melhorou (P<0,05) o peso final, na fase inicial. Houve piora (P<0,05) no ganho de peso e na conversão alimentar nas duas fases. A redução de três pontos percentuais na PB da dieta piorou o desempenho dos frangos.

The effect of the supplementation of electrolytes on de performance of broilers using sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and potassium chloride (KC1) to adjust the electrolytic balance of the diet (BED) with two percentages of raw protein (PB) was studied. 800 male broiler chickens, housed in 20 boxes, distributed in random lineation, with four treatments, five repetitions and 40 birds per experimental unit were used. The treatments were: base diet; diet with no reduction of PB supplemented with electrolytes to adjust BED to 250mEq/kg; diet with a reduction of PB, with no electrolyte supplementation; and diet with the reduction of PB, with electrolytes to adjust the BED to 250mEq/kg. What was evaluated was: diet consumption, final weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain, food conversion and caloric efficiency of the use of nitrogen and lysine in phases from 7 to 21 and 7 to 42 days. No differences were observed (P>0.05) in diet consumption. The correlation of BED with the lower percentage of PB improved (P<0.05) the final weight in the initial phase. Weight gain and food conversion worsened (P<0.05) in both phases. The reduction of three percentage points in the PB in the diet worsened the broiler chicken's performance.

Relatamos três pacientes com formas bem representativas de neuro-Behçet e com diferentes apresentações clínicas e manifestações neurológicas. O primeiro caso é o de um homem, 49 anos e que apresenta manifestações clínicas similares à esclerose múltipla. O segundo caso é o de um adolescente de 15 anos, com comprometimento parenquimatoso e doença de Behçet associada à presença de anticorpo antifosfolipide. E o terceiro é caso de uma mulher de 25 anos apresentando quadro de meningite. Neuro-Behçet deve ser sempre incluída em casos de desordens neurológicas que apresentem dificuldades para o estabelecimento de um diagnóstico definitivo.

We report three patients who collectively have very representative clinical forms of neuro-Behçet and different neurological findings. The first case, male, 49 years old, presents symptoms similar to multiple sclerosis. The second case, male 15 years old, presents with parenchymatous compromise and an association with antiphospholipid antibody. And the third case, female 25 years old, presents an acute meningitis. Neuro-Behçet must always be included as a differential diagnosis of neurological disorders that have any difficulties in establishing a definite diagnosis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of first morning urinary volume (collected on three different non-consecutive days), fasting blood glucose (determined on the first and third days of urine collection), and glycosylated hemoglobin (determined on the first and third days of urine collection) on the albumin concentration in first morning urine samples collected on three different days. We found 3.6% asymptomatic bacteriuria in the urine samples; therefore, every urine sample must be tested to exclude infection. One hundred and fifty urine samples were provided by 50 IDDM patients aged 21.9 ± 7 (12-38) years with a disease duration of 6.8 ± 5.8 (0.4-31) years attending the Diabetes Clinic at the State University Hospital of Rio de Janeiro. There were no differences in albumin concentration (6.1 vs 5.8 vs 6.2 µg/ml; P = NS) or urinary volume (222.5 vs 210 vs 200 ml) between the three samples. In addition, there were no differences in fasting blood glucose (181.9 ± 93.6 vs 194.6 ± 104.7 mg%; P = NS) or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1)(8.4 ± 1.3 vs 8.8 ± 1.5%; P = NS) between the first and third blood samples. Six patients (group 1) had a mean urinary albumin concentration of more than 20 µg/ml for the three urine samples. This group was compared with the 44 patients (group 2) with a mean urinary albumin concentration for the three urine samples of less than 20 µg/ml. No difference was found between groups 1 and 2 in relation to fasting blood glucose (207.1 ± 71.7 vs 187.6 ± 84.6 mg/dl), HbA1 (8.1 ± 0.9 vs 8.6 ± 1.1%) or urinary volume [202 (48.3-435) vs 246 (77.3-683.3) ml]. Stepwise multiple regression analysis with albumin concentration of first morning urine samples as the dependent variable, and urinary volume, fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin as independent variables, showed that only 12% (P = 0.01) of the albumin concentration could be accounted for by the independent effect of morning urine volume on the first day of urine collection. No urine samples showed a change in the cutoff level of 20 µg/ml of albumin concentration as the result of volume. Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin did not influence the urinary albumin concentration. Considerable variability in urinary albumin concentration was found in the three morning urine samples with a mean intraindividual coefficient variation of 56%. In conclusion, in the present study, urinary volume had a minimal, though not constant, effect on first morning urinary albumin concentration. Day-to-day metabolic and clinical control of IDDM patients, except probably for ketoacidosis, should not contraindicate microalbuminuria screening in first morning urine samples