Abstract Monteverdia ilicifolia (Mart. ex Reissek) Biral (basionym: Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek) (Celastraceae) is popularly known as holy thorn or “espinheira-santa” in Brazil. This herb is traditionally used for gastric and digestive problems. However, similar species are often used as adulterants. Considering the pharmacological interest and the existence of adulterants, this study was devoted to characterizing M. ilicifolia samples by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) by using Citronella gongonha (Mart.) R. A. Howard as adulterant sample. Six commercial samples were purchased, and seven collected samples were obtained in the Campos Gerais region. The leaves were then dehydrated and converted to powder. The FTIR spectroscopic assay was carried out and consisted of ten different measurements for each sample with a time interval of seven days between them. The PCA was performed from these spectra. The characterization by FTIR demonstrated the presence of tannins and flavonoids in the studied samples. FTIR spectroscopy coupled with PCA was able to discriminate the commercial and the collected samples of M. ilicifolia using three principal components. The photoacoustic spectroscopy resulted in absorption bands centered at ~280, ~380, ~480, and ~630 nm. These bands presented a higher spectral resolution for the collected samples. The commercial samples showed broadening bands, which allowed the differentiation between these two sets of samples. FTIR spectroscopy coupled with PCA, and photoacoustic spectroscopy are alternative tools for the differentiation of M. ilicifolia samples.

Abstract Periodontal diseases (PD) are inflammatory conditions that affect the teeth supporting tissues. Increased body fat tissues may contribute to activation of the systemic inflammatory response, leading to comorbidities. Some studies have shown that individuals with obesity present higher incidence of PD than eutrophics. Objective: To investigate the impact of obesity on periodontal tissues and oral microbiota in mice. Methodology: Two obesity mice models were performed, one using 12 weeks of the dietary protocol with a high-fat (HF) diet in C57BL/6 mice and the other using leptin receptor-deficient mice (db/db-/-), which became spontaneously obese. After euthanasia, a DNA-DNA hybridization technique was employed to evaluate the microbiota composition and topical application of chlorhexidine (CHX), an antiseptic, was used to investigate the impact of the oral microbiota on the alveolar bone regarding obesity. Results: Increased adipose tissue may induce alveolar bone loss, neutrophil recruitment, and changes in the oral biofilm, similar to that observed in an experimental model of PD. Topical application of CHX impaired bone changes. Conclusion: Obesity may induce changes in the oral microbiota and neutrophil recruitment, which are associated with alveolar bone loss.

SUMMARY: The rabbit is considered an ideal animal model for studies that describe abnormalities in the testicles due to the similar morphogenetic mechanisms of sexual development and diseases commonly found in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the male sexual differentiation of the New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) through development. The gestational age was estimated and classified as 9, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 23 and 28 gestational days. The morphological and sexual determination were performed by histological analysis of the reproductive tract in the embryos and fetuses (9-28 days) as well as by immunohistochemistry- Desert hedgehog-Dhh- (testis-specific protein on Y chromosome- 16, 20, 23 days and adult rabbits). Gonads were observed from the 14th day in an undifferentiated stage and with homogeneous aspect. Sexual differentiation was observed from the 16th day with presence of cells forming gonadal cords and Dhh+ cells in the gonadal parenchyma. From the 18th gestational day testicular cords were observed, which evolved into organized seminiferous tubules. The formation of the efferent ducts and ductus deferens and epididymis was observed on the 20th and 23rd days, respectively. The differentiation of the external genitalia occurred from the 23rd days from the anogenital distance and was identified to identify the penile structures. In summary, the features of the sexual differentiation were determined by observation of the Dhh+ protein in embryos from the 16th day to adulthood, and the morphological particularities observed from the 18th gestational day, determined by differentiation of the external genitalia from the 23rd day.

RESUMEN: El conejo se considera un modelo animal ideal para estudios que describen anomalías a nivel testícular debido a que presenta mecanismos morfogenéticos similares al desa- rrollo sexual y enfermedades que se encuentran comúnmente en los seres humanos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diferenciación sexual masculina del conejo de Nueva Zelanda (Oryctolagus cuniculus) a través del desarrollo. La edad gestacional se estimó y clasificó en 9, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 23 y 28 días gestacionales. La determinación morfológica y sexual se realizó mediante análisis histológico del tracto reproductivo en los embriones y fetos (9 - 28 días) así como mediante inmunohistoquímica -Desert hedgehog-Dhh- (proteína testicular específica en el cromosoma Y- 16, 20, 23 días y conejos adultos). Las gónadas se observaron a partir del día 14 en un estadio indiferenciado y con aspecto homogéneo. Se observó diferenciación sexual a partir del día 16 con presencia de células formadoras de cordones gonadales y células Dhh+ en el parénquima gonadal. A partir del día 18 de gestación se observaron cordones testiculares, que evolucionaron a túbulos seminíferos organizados. La formación de los conductos eferentes, deferentes y del epidídimo se observó a los 20 y 23 días, respectivamente. La diferenciación de los genitales externos ocurrió a partir del día 23 desde la distancia anogenital y se utilizó para identificar las estructuras del pene. En conclusión, las características de la diferenciación sexual se determinaron mediante la observación de la proteína Dhh en embriones desde el día 16 hasta la edad adulta, y las particularidades morfológicas observadas a partir del día 18 de gestación, determinadas por diferenciación de los genitales externos a partir del día 23.

Resumo Introdução A memória coletiva representa um bem simbólico. A enfermagem firma-se gradativamente no campo da saúde, na luta por seus direitos, na qualificação profissional e técnica em todos os campos de trabalho e no desenvolvimento científico. A modificação quanto à execução de sua profissão direciona a transformações no campo da sua imagem, sobretudo com a evolução das práticas e estudos em seu campo de saber. Objetivo Apresentar as percepções das enfermeiras sobre a construção da imagem da enfermeira cearense diante das modificações no cenário histórico da enfermagem. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa com base no método da História Oral. Participaram do estudo três enfermeiras docentes do corpo efetivo de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Pública do estado do Ceará, com tempo superior há 30 anos de docência, as quais integram o curso de graduação em enfermagem mais antigo do estado. Resultados Identificaram-se percepções conflitantes sobre a construção da imagem profissional no Ceará. A enfermeira é vista positivamente, destacando-se como cuidadora e autônoma. Por outro aspecto, é identificada com a imagem de uma enfermeira alienada. Conclusão Permitiu-se conhecer as percepções sobre a construção da imagem da enfermeira no Ceará, a partir das experiências históricas das docentes entrevistadas que influenciaram nesse processo.

Abstract Background The collective memory represents a symbolic asset, nursing is gradually established in the health area, in the fight for their rights, in professional and technical qualification in all fields of work and scientific development. The modification in howits profession is carried out directs the transformations in its field image, especially with the evolution of practice and study in itsknowledge field. Objective To show the perceptions of nurses on the construction of the image of a nurse from Ceará, Brazilbefore the modifications in the historic setting of nursing. Method It is a research based on the method of Oral History. Three teaching nurses from the effective body of a Public Higher Education Institution of the state of Ceará participated in the study, with more than 30 years of teaching, which they integrate the oldest nursing degree course in the state. Results conflicting perceptions about the construction of the professional image in Ceará were identified. The nurse is seen positively, standing out as a caregiver and autonomous. For another aspect, it is identified with the image of an alienated nurse. Conclusion It was possible to know the perceptions about the construction of the image of the nurse in Ceará, from the historical experiences of the teachers interviewed who influenced this process.

RESUMO A qualidade das mudas é fator primordial para se obter êxito na produção de hortaliças. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a produção, em substrato de fibra de coco, de mudas de cultivares de maxixeiro, fertirrigadas com diferentes concentrações de nutrientes. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação de três cultivares de maxixe (Do Norte, Liso de Calcutá e Liso Gibão) com cinco concentrações de nutrientes na solução (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%). A solução nutritiva, considerada padrão, corresponde à recomendada para a cultura do meloeiro em sistema hidropônico. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: índice de clorofila, comprimento da parte aérea, número de folhas, diâmetro do colo, comprimento da raiz principal, massas das matérias secas das folhas, das raízes, do caule e total, área foliar, área foliar específica e razão de área foliar. Todas as variáveis foram afetadas pela concentração de nutrientes na solução nutritiva. Os cultivares Liso de Calcutá e Liso Gibão apresentaram mudas mais vigorosas. O uso de fibra de coco na produção de mudas de maxixeiro é mais eficiente com as soluções nutritivas em concentrações variando de 75 a 100% da solução recomendada para o cultivo do meloeiro.

ABSTRACT Seedling quality is a key factor to achieve success in vegetable production. The present work aimed to evaluate the production of gherkin seedlings in substrate of coconut fiber fertirrigated with different concentrations of nutrients. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 × 5 factorial with four replications. The treatments consisted of combinations of three cultivars of gherkin (Do Norte, Liso de Calcutá, e Liso Gibão) with five concentrations of nutrients in the solution (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The nutrient solution, considered standard, matches the recommended solution for melon in hydroponic systems. We evaluated the variables: chlorophyll index, shoot length, number of leaves, stem diameter, main root length, dry weight of leaves, roots, and stem, mass of total dry matter, leaf area, specific leaf area, and leaf area ratio. All variables were affected by the ionic concentration in nutrient solutions. The use of coconut fiber in the production of gherkin seedlings is more efficient with nutrient solutions in concentrations ranging from 75 to 100% of the recommended solution for melon cultivation.