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Monitoring the feeding and parental care behavior of a pair of free-living owls (Tyto furcata) in the nest during the reproductive period in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Dias, H. V. R.

; Almeida, A. J.

; Maia-Júnior, J. A.

; Ribeiro, R. R.

; Torres-Cordido, K. A. A.

; Godinho, A. B. F. R.

; Silveira, L. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e249169

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A coruja-das-torres americana (Tyto furcata) vive em ambientes urbanos e se alimenta principalmente de pequenos roedores, sendo de grande importância no controle biológico de pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os hábitos alimentares, parentais e reprodutivos de um casal de corujas-das-torres americanas, naturalmente vivendo fora de uma residência na zona urbana do município de Campos dos Goytacazes, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Uma caixa de madeira foi instalada em uma parede externa da casa, monitorada por uma câmera de vídeo. Uma planilha foi criada para manter o controle das observações registradas. A fêmea pôs quatro ovos, e após período de incubação de 30-32 dias todos os ovos eclodiram, mas apenas dois filhotes sobreviveram após o canibalismo entre os filhotes. Inicialmente, o macho fornecia a comida aos filhotes e a fêmea permanecia no ninho cuidando da ninhada. Depois de cerca de um mês, a fêmea também começou a sair do ninho e voltar com a presa, que era oferecida aos filhotes, com o macho também continuando com esse comportamento. Os filhotes deixaram o ninho em setembro de 2017. Os dados obtidos mostram a existência de cooperação e divisão de tarefas entre corujas machos e fêmeas durante o período reprodutivo.

Abstract The American Barn Owl (Tyto furcata) lives in urban, periurban and wild environments and feeds mainly on small rodents, meaning it has great importance in the biological control of pests. The aim of this work was to describe the reproductive, parental and eating habits of a pair of American barn owls naturally living outside a residence in the urban area of the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A wood box was installed on an outside wall of the home, monitored by a video camera. A spreadsheet was created to keep track of the observations recorded. The female laid four eggs, and after an incubation period of 30-32 days all the eggs hatched, but only two chicks survived after cannibalism among the chicks. Initially, the male provided the food to the chicks and the female remained in the nest caring for the brood. After approximately a month, the female also began to leave the nest and return with prey, which was offered to the chicks, with the male also continuing this behavior. The chicks left the nest in September, 2017. The data obtained show the existence of cooperation and division of tasks between male and female owls during the reproductive period.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.249169 82 downloads

Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Tomato Processed Foods
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Costa, Fátima R. S.

; Maia, Priscilla L.

; Silva, Felipe S. da

; Nobre, Crisiana A.

; Silva, Renata O.

; Milhome, Maria A. L.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2023, Volume 34 N. 11 Pages 1734 - 1742

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) crop has great economic relevance, being one of the most processed agricultural products worldwide. Some pesticides are chemically stable and can remain in food even after processing. In this context, the objective of this work was to analyze food products derived from tomatoes (extract, sauce and ketchup), regarding the levels of pesticide residues. Fifteen samples were acquired from Vale do Jaguaribe, Ceará, Brazil. Six pesticides (bifenthrin, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, pyriproxyfen, trifluralin) authorized by Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) for tomato cultivation were selected for the study. QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe) extraction and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used in method validation, according to the recommendations of SANTE 11312/2021 guidelines. Statistical analyses of linearity showed that the six pesticides studied were classified as heterocesdastic. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) values (0.01-0.03 and 0.03-0.10 mg kg-1, respectively) were below the established maximum residue limits (MRLs) for tomatoes. Accuracy and precision (78-121 and 2.3-16.7%, respectively) were satisfactory. The results indicated that among the 15 analyzed samples, one active ingredient was detected (0.05 mg kg-1) in a tomato sauce sample, lower than MRLs (Anvisa 0.15 mg kg-1 and FAO 0.3 mg kg-1). The results show the relevance of monitoring pesticide residues in tomato-derived products and the validation of new methodologies for food control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230140

PCR identification of lactic acid bacteria populations in corn silage inoculated with lyophilised or activated Lactobacillus buchneri
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Santos, Ana Paula Maia dos

; Santos, Edson Mauro

; Silva de Oliveira, Juliana

; Garcia Leal de Araújo, Gherman

; de Moura Zanine, Anderson

; Araújo Pinho, Ricardo Martins

; Costa do Nascimento, Thiago Vinicius

; Fernandes Perazzo, Alexandre

; Ferreira, Daniele de Jesus

; da Silva Macedo, Alberto Jefferson

; de Sousa Santos, Francisco Naysson

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

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jun 2023, Volume 55 N. 1 Pages 115 - 125

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la inoculación con L. buchneri liofilizado y/o activado sobre las poblaciones de bacterias de ácido láctico en ensilajes de maíz. Los tratamientos experimentales consistieron en ensilaje de maíz sin aditivo y ensilaje con los inoculantes L. buchneri 1 × 10 5 ufc/g, aplicados según las recomendaciones del fabricante (1 g/tonelada de forraje) en las formas de inoculante liofilizado e inoculante preactivado. Se identificaron aislados purificados de ensilajes de maíz con y sin inocu lación, y el 93% de los aislados correspondieron a bacterias de ácido láctico de la especie L. plantarum. Entre los aislados no se detectaron bacterias de la especie L. buchneri. La aplicación de L. buchneri liofilizado o activado en la masa ensilada promueve un aumento considerable de la población de bacterias de ácido lácticas en los ensilajes de maíz durante todo el período de fermentación.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation with lyophilised and/or activated Lactobacillus buchneri on lactic acid bacteria populations in corn silage. Experimental treatments consisted of corn silage without additives or silage with the inoculants of L. buchneri (1 x 10 5 cfu/g) applied according to the manufacturer’s recommendations (1 g/tonne fodder) in the forms of the lyophilised inoculant and pre-activated inoculant. Purified isolates from corn silage with and without the inoculant were identified, and 93% of the isolates corresponded to the lactic acid bacteria of the species Lactobacillus plantarum. Among the isolates, no bacteria of the species L. buchneri were detected. The application of lyophilised or activated L. buchneri improved the microbiological profile and reduced ethanol production in corn silage, even without being identified among the isolates captured 70 days after ensilage.

Salinity-tolerant dwarf cashew rootstock has better ionic homeostasis and morphophysiological performance of seedlings
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Sousa, Valéria F. de O.

; Santos, Gisele L. dos

; Maia, Josemir M.

; Maia Júnior, Sebastião de O.

; Santos, João P. de O.

; Costa, José E.

; Silva, Anselmo F. da

; Dias, Thiago J.

; Ferreira-Silva, Sérgio L.

; Taniguchi, Carlos A. K.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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feb 2023, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 92 - 100

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Considerando a relevância do cajueiro e a limitação imposta pelo estresse salino em regiões semiáridas, o uso de alternativas capazes de mitigar os efeitos deletérios em decorrência da salinidade são de grande importância ao setor produtivo. O uso de plantas enxertadas, principalmente com porta-enxertos de materiais tolerantes, influencia no acúmulo de íons tóxicos nas folhas das mudas enxertadas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características morfofisiológicas e concentração foliar de Na+, K+, Ca+2 de combinações de copa e porta-enxerto de cajueiro anão precoce, contrastantes à salinidade. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, tendo os tratamentos dispostos em arranjo fatorial de 4 × 3, correspondentes a quatro combinações de mudas enxertadas (auto-enxerto CCP 09/CCP 09, CCP 09/CCP 76, auto-enxerto CCP 76/CCP 76 e CCP 76/CCP 09) e a três concentrações de NaCl (0-controle, 50 e 100 mM L-1). Foram avaliados altura, número de folhas, área foliar, massa seca, índice de tolerância e concentração foliar de Na+, K+ e Ca+2 após 30 dias da aplicação das concentrações de NaCl. A combinação copa/porta-enxerto CCP 76/09 apresentou tolerância à salinidade de 50 mM L-1, devido ao aumento da área foliar e número de folhas. A combinação copa/porta-enxerto CCP 76/09 foi mais adequada, pois manteve a concentração foliar de K+ e o menor concentração de Na+.

ABSTRACT Considering the cashew tree’s relevance and the limitations imposed by salinity stress in semi-arid regions, the use of alternatives capable of mitigating the harmful effects due to salinity is of great importance to the production sector. The use of grafted plants, especially with rootstock made of tolerant materials, influences the accumulation of toxic ions in leaves of grafted seedlings. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate morphophysiological characteristics and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 of combinations of scion and rootstock of early dwarf cashew, contrasting in terms of salinity tolerance. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five replicates, in a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to four dwarf cashew scion/rootstock combinations (self-graft CCP 09, CCP 09/CCP 76, self-graft CCP 76, and CCP 76/CCP 09) and three NaCl concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mM L-1). Height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter, tolerance index and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 were evaluated after 30 days of application of NaCl concentrations. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 showed tolerance to 50 mM L-1, due to the increase of leaf area and number of leaves. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 was more suitable, as it kept the leaf K+ concentration and had the lowest Na+ concentration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p92-100

Synthesis of TiO2/ZnO photoanodes on FTO conductive glass for photovoltaic applications
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Nunes, V. F.

; Lima, F. M.

; Teixeira, E. S.

; Maia Júnior, P. H. F.

; Almeida, A. F. L.

; Freire, F. N. A.

Cerâmica

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jan 2023, Volume 69 N. 389 Pages 79 - 86

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract For oxide semiconductors for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), titanium dioxide conjugated with zinc oxide thin films was synthesized and characterized. The UV (ultraviolet) spectrum characterization showed a peak of absorbance at around 355 nm, with a band gap of 3.25 eV and reflectance around 85%. Such characteristics allowed the fabrication of DSSCs with N719 dye, under simulated light of 100 mW/cm2. The highest efficiency of 1.17% was at 5% titanium dioxide and 4 h of dye immersion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693893383

Tecnologías para la Evaluación, Diagnóstico y Tratamiento del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad: Una Revisión Preliminar e Integradora
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Boechi, Laura C.

; Encina Benítez, Fátima L.

; Jara, Ronaldo L.

; Rodas Jara, Liza R.

; Villagra, María del Rosario

; Báez, Diana

; Navarro, Rodrigo

; Almirón-Santacruz, José

; Barrios, Iván

; Castaldelli-Maia, João Mauricio

; Ventriglio, Antonio

; Torales, Julio

Revista científica ciencias de la salud

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2023, Volume 5 elocation e5301

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es uno de los trastornos del neurodesarrollo con más alta prevalencia, estimada en 5%, en la población infantil. El objetivo de esta revisión fue sintetizar las tecnologías existentes que sirven para evaluar, diagnosticar y tratar síntomas de TDAH en población pediátrica. Esta es una revisión preliminar, de tipo integradora, que incluyó artículos publicados en 3 bases de datos especializadas, PsycINFO, Eric y Web of Science, entre los años 2005 y 2021. Se encontró que las pruebas diagnósticas clásicas se dividen en pruebas psicométricas, evaluación por biomarcadores y movimientos oculares. Por su parte, las pruebas que utilizan la tecnología son aquellas a evaluación y diagnóstico (DIDE, MOXO, AULA, AQUIARUM y BRAINGAZE) y aquellas que se utilizan en la terapéutica (SINCROLAB, PSIOUS, SISTEMA eTNS y varias basadas en neurofeedback). Las modernas tecnologías ofrecen cierto porcentaje de sensibilidad con baja inversión, tampoco requieren de equipos costosos y la preparación del profesional psicólogo o médico para su aplicación, es relativamente sencilla y accesible, ya que viene como complemento en la compra de la mayoría de los programas. Con el fin de continuar examinando su efectividad, se recomienda seguir evaluando estas herramientas con metodologías más robustas, en poblaciones clínicas grandes, debiendo ser esto una prioridad para futuras investigaciones.

ABSTRACT Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the neurodevelopmental disorders with the highest prevalence, estimated at 5%, in the pediatric population. The objective of this review was to synthesize the existing technologies used to evaluate, diagnose, and treat ADHD symptoms in the pediatric population. This is a preliminary, integrative review, which included articles published in 3 specialized databases, PsycINFO, Eric and Web of Science, between 2005 and 2021. It was found that classical diagnostic tests are divided into psychometric tests, biomarker assessment and eye movements. On the other hand, the tests that use technology are those for evaluation and diagnosis (DIDE, MOXO, AULA, AQUIARUM and BRAINGAZE) and those used in therapy (SINCROLAB, PSIOUS, SISTEMA eTNS and several based-on neurofeedback). The modern technologies offer a certain percentage of sensitivity with low investment, they do not require expensive equipment and the preparation of the psychologist or medical professional for their application is relatively simple and accessible, since it comes as a complement in the purchase of most of the programs. To continue examining their effectiveness, it is recommended to continue assessing these tools with more robust methodologies, in large clinical populations, and this should be a priority for future research.

https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsalud/2023.e5301

Phagocytotic activity and gene expression of leukocytes isolated from Astyanax lacustris
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Levy-Pereira, N.

; Carriero, M. M.

; Maganha, S. R. L.

; Meira, C. M.

; Lázaro, T. M.

; Rocha, N. R. A.

; Maia, A. A. M.

; Wiegertjes, G.

; Fernandes, A. M.

; Sousa, R. L. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e264570

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The constant intensification of aquaculture has considerable increased the stress levels of farmed fish and, consequently, the number and intensity of diseases outbreaks. Thus, studies on fish immune response, especially regarding the interaction of fish leukocytes with potential pathogens and xenobiotics are of great importance in order to develop new prophylactic and curative strategies. We isolated leukocytes from the head kidney of Astyanax lacustris—an important Neotropical fish species for aquaculture and a potential model for Neotropical aquaculture research—using a Percoll centrifugation protocol. The isolated leukocytes were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the expression of genes IL-1β, IL-8, LysC, and LysG were measured. We assessed the phagocytotic activity of leukocytes using Congo red-dyed yeast, a novel and cost-effective protocol that has been developed in this study. The isolated leukocytes responded to LPS induction, exhibiting strong IL-1β and IL-8 upregulation, two of the most important pro-inflammatory interleukins for vertebrates immune reponse. The optimal concentration of yeast for the phagocytic assay was 106 cells mL-1, resulting in acceptable phagocytic capacity (PC) but without excess of yeasts during the counting process, ensuring a high precision and accuracy of the method. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to investigate the in vitro gene expression and phagocytic activity of leukocytes isolated from A. lacustris. Our findings will serve as a reference for future studies on the immunology and toxicology of Neotropical fish.

Resumo A constante intensificação da aquicultura tem aumentado consideravelmente os níveis de estresse dos animais cultivados e, consequentemente, o número e a intensidade dos surtos de doenças. Logo, estudos sobre a resposta imune dos peixes, especialmente relacionados com a interação dos leucócitos de peixes com potenciais patógenos e xenobióticos, são de grande importância para o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias profiláticas e curativas. No presente trabalho, nós obtivemos sucesso ao isolar leucócitos oriundos do rim cranial de Astyanax lacustris - uma importante espécie de peixe Neotropical para a aquicultura e um modelo em potencial para pesquisas em aquicultura Neotropical - usando um protocolo de centrifugação com Percoll. Os leucócitos isolados foram incubados com lipossacarídeo (LPS) e, a expressão dos genes IL-1β, IL-8, LysC, e LysG foi avaliada. Ainda, um novo protocolo para avaliação da atividade fagocítica dos leucócitos utilizando leveduras coradas com Vermelho Congo foi estabelecido. Os leucócitos isolados responderam à indução com LPS, exibindo up regulation dos genes IL-1β e IL-8, duas das interleucinas pró-inflamatórias mais importantes para a resposta imune de vertebrados. Além do mais, a concentração ótima de leveduras para a avaliação da fagocitose foi de 106 células mL-1, resultando em uma capacidade fagocítica (PC) aceitável, mas sem excesso de leveduras durante o processo de contagem, garantindo maior precisão e eficácia do método. Até o presente momento, o presente estudo é o primeiro a investigar a expressão gênica e atividade fagocítica de leucócitos isolados de A. lacustris através da abordagem in vitro. Ainda, nossos resultados servirão de referência para futuros estudos em imunologia e toxicologia de peixes Neotropicais.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.264570

Association study between ceftriaxone and a synthetic amide against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Rosa, L. L. S.

; Andrade-Júnior, F. P.

; Cordeiro, L. V.

; Souza, H. D. S.

; Athayde-Filho, P. F.

; Gadelha, D. D. A.

; Melo, D. M.

; Silva, D. F.

; Alves, D. N.

; Sobreira, A. L. C.

; Ferreira, S. R. D.

; Teixeira, A. P. C.

; Farias, B. K. S.

; Firmino, R. G.

; Maia, A. K. H. L.

; Lima, E. O.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e274149

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-lactose fermenting Gram-negative bacteria responsible for causing numerous nosocomial infections. The present research aimed to analyze the anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa potential of 2-Chloro-N-(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl)acetamide (A8). The antibacterial potential of A8 was evaluated from the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Association using the checkerboard method. MIC and MBC values were 512 µg/mL for all P. aeruginosa strains evaluated, demonstrating predominantly bactericidal activity. Furthermore, when A8 was associated with the drug ceftriaxone, pharmacological additivity and indifference were evidenced. In this sense, the synthetic amide was interesting, since it demonstrates the potential to become a possible candidate for an antimicrobial drug.

Resumo Pseudomonas aeruginosa é uma bactéria Gram-negativa não fermentadora de lactose, responsável por causar inúmeras infecções nosocomiais. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o potencial anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa da molécula 2-Cloro-N-(4-fluoro-3-nitrofenil)acetamida (A8). O potencial antibacteriano do A8 foi avaliado a partir da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM), Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) e Associação pelo método de checkboard. Os valores de CIM e CBM foram de 512 µg/mL para todas as cepas de P. aeruginosa avaliadas, demonstrando atividade predominantemente bactericida. Além disso, quando o A8 foi associado ao fármaco ceftriaxona, evidenciou-se aditividade e indiferença farmacológica. Nesse sentido, a amida sintética se mostrou interessante, pois demonstra potencial para se tornar um possível candidato a fármaco antimicrobiano.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.274149

New Catalysts Derived from Natural Products as Highly Stereoselective Chiral Inductors for Diethylzinc Addition to Aromatic Aldehydes
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Wosch, Celso L.

; Labes, Ricardo

; Salome, Kahlil S.

; Melo, Vitor S.

; Schorr, Renan R.

; Guerrero Jr., Palimécio G.

; Lima, Nathalya K.

; Frensch, Gustavo

; Maia, Beatriz H. L. N. S.

; Marques, Francisco A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 9 Pages 1353 - 1359

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Asymmetric addition of organozinc compounds to carbonyl groups is one of the most useful methods for the synthesis of alcohols with high enantioselectivity. There is a wide range of chiral catalysts, although their synthesis requires more than one step and not often readily available starting materials. In this work, chiral β-hydroxy oxazolines derived from (+)-camphor and (-)-fenchone were easily synthesized through a one-step method, with good yields. Both ligands were evaluated as catalysts for the stereoselective addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydes. All ligands showed good catalytic activity, leading both to the preparation of the R enantiomer of chiral secondary alcohols. As ligand 2 provided slightly better enantioselectivities, it was used as chiral inductor for the addition of diethylzinc for a larger number of aldehydes, resulting in good to excellent yields (88-98%) and enantiomeric excess up to 96%.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230047

10.

Insect galls of Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil)
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Maia, Valéria Cid

; Mascarenhas, Bernardo

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2023, Volume 63 elocation e202363040

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO) is an integral protection conservation unit inserted in the domain of the Atlantic forest. This Park was investigated monthly from September to December/2021 and from March to May/2022 for insect galls. Host plants were identified and their exsiccates were deposited in the herbarium (R) of the Museu Nacional. Insects obtained by gall dissection and rearing were deposited in the Entomological Collection of Museu Nacional (MNRJ). The conservational status of the host plants and their origin were verified in the site Flora e Funga do Brasil (2023). New records of host plants in Brazil are presented based on comparison with literature data. PARNASO hosts a great richness of galls (290 gall morphotypes on 43 plant families). Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rubiaceae, Mikania Willd. (Asteraceae), Miconia Ruiz & Pav. (Melastomataceae), and Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae), and Guapira opposita (Nyctaginaceae) were the botanical taxa with the highest number of gall morphotypes, all of them were previously indicated as super hosts in inventories in forest formations of the Atlantic forest, except Rubiaceae. PARNASO includes 148 gall-inducing species native to Brazil, being 69 endemic; among the last 23 are exclusive to the Atlantic forest. Eight gall-inducing species are endangered and four are near threathned. Most galls were found on leaves. The most frequent gall characters were: globoid shape, green color, and glabrous surface. Most galls were induced by Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), however galls of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, and Hymenoptera wera also found. These are the known patterns in Brazil. The secondary fauna was reported in 62 gall morphotypes and included parasitoids (Hymenoptera), successors (Collembola, Hemiptera and Thysanoptera), cecidophagous (Lepidoptera), and predators (spiders). Parasitoids were the most frequent. Seven gall midge species are recorded for the first time in this Park.

https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2023.63.040

11.

Lipid profile and reproductive performance of female offspring of SWISS mouse females supplemented with resveratrol or canjiqueira (Byrsonima cydoniifolia A Juss) during gestation
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MENEZES, ADRIANA C. GUERCIO

; BRANDÃO, LORENA S.R.

; PORTUGAL, LUCIANE C.

; MATSUBARA, LIDIA M.

; MAIA, ELAINE MARIA A.

; SAKODA, JHESSICA N.

; PROVIDELO, GILSON A.

; NAVAREZI, AMANDA G.

; SANTOS, KELY CRISTINA N. DOS

; GUIMARÃES, RITA DE CÁSSIA A.

; SOUZA, ALBERT S. DE

; SOUZA, MARIA INÊS L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 4 elocation e20190804

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to resveratrol supplementation (at 5 or 10 mg/kg) and a hydroethanolic extract of canjiqueira fruits (150 mg/kg) on female SWISS mice. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride levels, gestation rates, and embryonic implantation rates in their female Offspring was evaluated. In conclusion, the consumption of canjiqueira fruit extract altered the lipid profile of their female offspring, and did not impact their reproductive performance. Supplementing female SWISS mice with 10 mg/kg of resveratrol increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL levels, thereby enhancing the reproductive efficiency of their offspring.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320190804

12.

Insect galls of Atlantic Forest areas of Serra da Bodoquena (MS, Midwestern Brazil)
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ASCENDINO, SHARLENE

; MAIA, VALÉRIA CID

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 4 elocation e20191091

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract An inventory of insect galls of Serra da Bodoquena (MS, Midwestern Brazil) was carried out in an area of semideciduous seasonal forest situated in the Califórnia Farm. Three field works were done in August/2011, December/2011 and April/2012, when the local vegetation was examined during 40 hours per expedition. Fifty-eight gall morphotypes were found on 40 host plants, 38 of them native. The host plants are distributed in 18 families. The native plants include eight endemic species in Brazil, which together totaled 14 gall morphotypes. Zanthoxylum L. sp. (Rutaceae), an endemic genus in Brazil, hosts one gall morphotype. The non endemic native plants totaled 26 gall morphotypes. Ten new host plants are recorded for the first time in Brazil. The medium number of gall morphotypes per plant species was 1.45. Salicaceae, Bignoniaceae, and Asteraceae presented the highest number of galled species and the greatest gall richness. Leaves were the most frequent galled plant organ and there was a predominance of globoid galls. Diptera (Cecidomyiidae) were the most frequent gallers, but Hemipteran and Thysanopteran galls were also found. The associated fauna was composed of inquilines (Diptera: Muscomorpha and Cecidomyiidae - Trotteria sp., and Thysanoptera), successors (Psocoptera), and parasitoids (Hymenoptera).

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191091

13.

Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives
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Leite, Tatiana S.

; Pinheiro, Igor E.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Bertoncini, Áthila A.

; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del

; Demetrescu, Irene E.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P

; Machado, Arthur A.

; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo

; Martins, Flavio L.

; Mendes, Liana F.

; Rambelli, Gilson

; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.

; Segal, Barbara

; Aguiar, Aline A.

; Auler, Augusto S.

; Barroco-Neto, José

; Bonaldo, Roberta M.

; Buchmann, Francisco S.

; Calippo, Flavio

; Cesar, Augusto

; Gama, Matheus A.C.

; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia

; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.

; Lessa, Guilherme C.

; Menegola, Carla

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Sabino, José

; Seoane, José C.S.

; Sestokas, Julia

; Tiago, Cláudio C.

; Wegner, Ewerton

; Lotufo, Tito

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23045

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

14.

Antileishmanial and cytotoxic activity of dillapiole n-butyl ether
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BARROS, Angela Maria Comapa

; PINTO, Ana Cristina da Silva

; SIMPLICIO, Fernanda Guilhon

; CHAVES, Francisco Célio Maia

; SILVA, Noam Gadelha da

; OLIVEIRA, Kelson Mota Teixeira de

; LIMA, Emersom Silva

; FRANCO, Antonia Maria Ramos

Acta Amazonica

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2023, Volume 53 N. 4 Pages 285 - 293

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Among the neglected diseases, American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) still remains highly endemic in some tropical regions. The currently available drugs for treatment are highly toxic, prompting the search for new therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic potential of dillapiole n-butyl ether (DBE) against Leishmania amazonensis and L. guyanensis, as well as its toxicity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. For cell cytotoxicity, concentrations of DBE that ranged from 7.8 to 500 µM were used for 48 and 72 h. For the evaluation of the antileishmanial activity, DBE was tested at concentrations of 0.28 to 18 µM for 24, 48, and 72 h. A value of 36 µM was used for the amastigote assay. The selectivity index (SI) was determined by dividing the CC50/IC50 (macrophages/promastigotes). DBE exhibited a CC50 of 203.9 ± 0.5 µM in 72 h. DBE inhibited promastigote forms with an IC50 of 3.0 µM for both Leishmania species for 72 h. The standard, Pentacarinat®, showed an IC50 of 2.9 µM and 0.3 µM, respectively. The SI of DBE for both species was 67.9 for 72 h. DBE inhibited intracellular forms of L. amazonensis by 65.5% after 48 h. In molecular modeling, DLpOl-F showed two hydrogen bonds (SER418 and 421). DBE demonstrated promising in vitro antileishmanial potential.

RESUMO Dentre as doenças negligenciadas, a leishmaniose cutânea americana (LCA) continua sendo altamente endêmica em algumas regiões tropicais. Os medicamentos disponíveis atualmente para o tratamento apresentam elevada toxicidade, o que torna a busca de novas opções terapêuticas necessária. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o potencial tóxico do éter n-butil dilapiol (EBD) contra Leishmania amazonensis e L. guyanensis e a sua toxicidade em células mononucleares do sangue periférico humano (CMSP) in vitro. Para a citotoxicidade celular, utilizou-se concentrações de 7,8 a 500 µM por 48 e 72 h. A atividade antileishmania do EBD foi testada em concentrações de 0,28 a 18 µM, por 24, 48 e 72 h. Para o ensaio em amastigotas usou-se um valor de 36 µM. O índice de seletividade (IS) foi determinado pela divisão CC50/CI50 (macrófagos/promastigotas). O EBD mostrou em células uma CC50 de 203,9 ± 0,5 µM em 72 h. O EBD inibiu as formas promastigotas com uma CI50 de 3,0 µM para ambas espécies de Leishmania por 72 h, já o padrão Pentacarinat® apresentou uma CI50 de 2,9 µM e 0,3 µM, respectivamente. O IS do EBD para as duas espécies foi de 67,9 por 72 h. O EBD inibiu as formas intracelulares de L. amazonensis com 65,5% por 48 h. Na modelagem molecular, o DLpOl-F aparece com duas ligações de hidrogênio (SER418 e 421). O EBD demostrou um potencial antileishmania promissor in vitro.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202300281

15.

Phosphite for the root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) management in common bean and compatibility with Rhizobium tropici
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Costa, Bruno Henrique Garcia

; Resende, Mário Lúcio Vilela de

; Monteiro, Ana Cristina Andrade

; Pereira, Matheus Henrique Brito

; Resende, Alexandre Ribeiro Maia de

; Botega, Gustavo Pucci

; Botelho, Deila Magna dos Santos

Bragantia

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2023, Volume 82 elocation e20220155

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Phosphites can be considered an additional strategy to be included in disease management programs. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the application of potassium phosphite (KPhi) in common bean seeds, in the reduction of intensity of root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) and in the compatibility with Rhizobium tropici, a nitrogen-fixing bacterium. The emergence speed index (ESI) and the percentage of total emergence were evaluated in seeds inoculated with R. solani and treated with KPhi. The number of nodules per root system, dry nodule mass, quantified the compatibility Phi x R. tropici, dry mass, nitrogen content, and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots. KPhi promoted a higher ESI and increase in plant stand compared to the control treatment. The number of nodules formed and the nitrogen content and accumulation in the KPhi treatments were similar to control (seeds inoculated with R. tropici). Thus, the treatment of seeds with KPhi provides control of R. solani and is compatible with R. tropici.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20220155

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