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Resumo A coruja-das-torres americana (Tyto furcata) vive em ambientes urbanos e se alimenta principalmente de pequenos roedores, sendo de grande importância no controle biológico de pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os hábitos alimentares, parentais e reprodutivos de um casal de corujas-das-torres americanas, naturalmente vivendo fora de uma residência na zona urbana do município de Campos dos Goytacazes, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Uma caixa de madeira foi instalada em uma parede externa da casa, monitorada por uma câmera de vídeo. Uma planilha foi criada para manter o controle das observações registradas. A fêmea pôs quatro ovos, e após período de incubação de 30-32 dias todos os ovos eclodiram, mas apenas dois filhotes sobreviveram após o canibalismo entre os filhotes. Inicialmente, o macho fornecia a comida aos filhotes e a fêmea permanecia no ninho cuidando da ninhada. Depois de cerca de um mês, a fêmea também começou a sair do ninho e voltar com a presa, que era oferecida aos filhotes, com o macho também continuando com esse comportamento. Os filhotes deixaram o ninho em setembro de 2017. Os dados obtidos mostram a existência de cooperação e divisão de tarefas entre corujas machos e fêmeas durante o período reprodutivo.

Abstract The American Barn Owl (Tyto furcata) lives in urban, periurban and wild environments and feeds mainly on small rodents, meaning it has great importance in the biological control of pests. The aim of this work was to describe the reproductive, parental and eating habits of a pair of American barn owls naturally living outside a residence in the urban area of the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A wood box was installed on an outside wall of the home, monitored by a video camera. A spreadsheet was created to keep track of the observations recorded. The female laid four eggs, and after an incubation period of 30-32 days all the eggs hatched, but only two chicks survived after cannibalism among the chicks. Initially, the male provided the food to the chicks and the female remained in the nest caring for the brood. After approximately a month, the female also began to leave the nest and return with prey, which was offered to the chicks, with the male also continuing this behavior. The chicks left the nest in September, 2017. The data obtained show the existence of cooperation and division of tasks between male and female owls during the reproductive period.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.249169 82 downloads

Uma pessoa trabalhadora e “família”: a identidade concurseira nas representações de Instagram
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Maia, Mário S. F.

; Neris, Lucas G. D.

Revista Direito GV

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2024, Volume 20 elocation e2402

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen Este es un estudio de sociología de las profesiones jurídicas desarrollado con el objetivo de identificar la construcción de la identidad "concurseira" (la identidad de alguien que aspira a ser funcionario público en Brasil) a partir del análisis de la presentación del self en el espacio social virtual de Instagram. Llevamos a cabo un análisis dramatúrgico, inspirado en Goffman, de las interacciones ocurridas durante el mes de junio de 2022 en 44 perfiles de Instagram. El trabajo interpretativo consistió en la búsqueda de valores compartidos por los miembros del grupo. Llegamos a identificar una disposición constante del grupo para presentar el papel de trabajador y persona ordenada que evita el conflicto y materializa los "valores familiares". Etiquetamos esos rasgos de personalidad como "trabajador" y "familiar". Concluimos que existen diferencias significativas entre los valores "profesionales" y los valores de los "concurseiros" en el campo. Comprendimos que (1) hay una diferencia significativa entre los valores de los concurseiros y los valores "profesionales" en el ámbito jurídico, y (2) esto conduce a una gran posibilidad de ver problemas concretos en los sistemas institucionales de educación jurídica y control ético.

Resumo Esta é uma pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito da sociologia das profissões jurídicas com o objetivo de identificar o processo de construção da identidade concurseira a partir da análise das representações do eu no espaço de socialização virtual do Instagram. Realizou-se análise “dramatúrgica” inspirada nas pesquisas de Ervin Goffman das interações ocorridas nos perfis de Instagram de 44 atores em representação no mundo dos concursos durante o mês de junho de 2022. O trabalho interpretativo consistiu na busca pela identificação de valores compartilhados pelos integrantes do heterogêneo grupo de análise. Percebemos uma disposição de grupo constante para a representação de um tipo trabalhador e ordeiro, avesso ao conflito aberto e materializador dos “valores familiares”. Rotulamos esses traços de identidade como os de uma pessoa “trabalhadora” e “família”. Concluímos que (1) há uma grande diferença entre os valores “profissionais” das carreiras jurídicas e os valores “concurseiros” em circulação no espaço social e que (2) isso nos permite diagnosticar a existência de problemas significativos no contexto do exercício concreto das atividades institucionais de formação e controle da “moral oficial” dentro do campo jurídico profissional, nas escolas de formação, nas corregedorias e nos tribunais de ética.

Abstract This is a study on the sociology of juridical professions developed with the aim to identify the construction of an “concurseira’s” identity (the identity of a public servant “wannabe” in Brazil) from the analysis of the presentation of the self in the virtual social space of Instagram. We carried on a dramaturgical analysis, inspired by Ervin Goffman, of the interactions occurred during the month of June in 2022 in 44 Instagram’s profile. The interpretative work consisted in the search for values shared by members of the group. We came to identify a constant group’s disposition for the presentation of a role of a worker and orderly person that avoid the conflict and that materialize “family values”. We labeled those traces of personality as “worker” and “family”. We concluded that there are significant differences between “professional” values and “concurseiro’s” values in the field. We understood that (1) there is a significant difference between the concurseiro’s values and the “professional” values in the juridical field, and (2) this leads to a great chance of seeing concrete problems in the institutional systems of juridical education and ethics’ control.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6172202402

Virtual Screening Based on Ligand and Structure with in vitro Assessment of Neolignans against Trypanosoma cruzi
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Maia, Mayara S.

; Andrade, Rodrigo S.

; Sousa, Julyanne M. S.

; Sousa, Natália F.

; Rodrigues, Gabriela C. S.

; Menezes, Renata P. B.

; Silva, Marcelo S.

; Tavares, Josean F.

; Rodrigues, Klinger A. F.

; Scotti, Luciana

; Scotti, Marcus T.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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mar 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 346 - 365

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, occurs most commonly in Latin America. As the treatment is highly toxic and ineffective in the chronic phase of the disease, alternative treatments are needed. Through quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling (QSAR) analysis using ligand-based and structure-based virtual screening methods, we predicted the trypanocidal potential of 47 neolignans against three targets, the enzymes cruzain, trypanothione reductase, and sterol 14-alpha demethylase. A combined analysis allowed for the selection of potent inhibitors against Trypanosoma cruzi. Of these compounds, two were isolated and shown to inhibit the growth of epimastigotes at concentrations of 9.64 and 8.72 µM, and trypomastigote forms at 4.88 and 2.73 µM. Therefore, the compounds (2R, 3R)-2,3-dihydro-2 (4 methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(E)-propenylbenzofuran (46) and ottomentosa (47) may be a good option of growth inhibitors for the parasite stages and warrant additional study.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220113

Synthesis of TiO2/ZnO photoanodes on FTO conductive glass for photovoltaic applications
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Nunes, V. F.

; Lima, F. M.

; Teixeira, E. S.

; Maia Júnior, P. H. F.

; Almeida, A. F. L.

; Freire, F. N. A.

Cerâmica

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jan 2023, Volume 69 N. 389 Pages 79 - 86

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract For oxide semiconductors for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), titanium dioxide conjugated with zinc oxide thin films was synthesized and characterized. The UV (ultraviolet) spectrum characterization showed a peak of absorbance at around 355 nm, with a band gap of 3.25 eV and reflectance around 85%. Such characteristics allowed the fabrication of DSSCs with N719 dye, under simulated light of 100 mW/cm2. The highest efficiency of 1.17% was at 5% titanium dioxide and 4 h of dye immersion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693893383

Biometriy of Seeds of Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook. f. ex. S. Moore and Seedling Growth After Different Periods of Water Immersion
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Almeida, Romário de Sousa

; Moura, Luzia Batista

; Araújo, Maria Pereira de

; Gomes, Azenate Campos

; Medeiros, José George Ferreira

; Dornelas, Carina Seixas Maia

; Lacerda, Alecksandra Vieira de

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2023, Volume 66 elocation e23220697

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to determine the biometric characteristics of seeds of Tabebuia aurea and evaluate the effect of different periods of water immersion on the initial growth of seedlings. For this, the following dimensions were analyzed: length, width, and thickness of seeds with lateral wings and embryo. The moisture content, weight of a thousand seeds, and the number of seeds per kilogram were determined. The seeds were subjected to 11 treatments, as follow: control (no immersion in water; 0 hours) and periods of water immersion for 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, and 60 hours, with four replications of 25 seeds in each treatment. The aerial part and seedling root lengths were analyzed 30 days after sowing. The water content was 9.81% and the weight of a thousand seeds was 130.260 g, corresponding to about 7,677 seeds/kg. The seeds with lateral wings had mean length, width, and thickness of 5.252, 1.226, and 0.147 cm, respectively. For the embryo, these dimensions corresponded to 1.355, 0.805, and 0.103 cm. Regarding the aerial part and root length of T. aurea seedlings, immersion for 48 hours is recommended because this treatment had the best results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2023220697

Association study between ceftriaxone and a synthetic amide against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Rosa, L. L. S.

; Andrade-Júnior, F. P.

; Cordeiro, L. V.

; Souza, H. D. S.

; Athayde-Filho, P. F.

; Gadelha, D. D. A.

; Melo, D. M.

; Silva, D. F.

; Alves, D. N.

; Sobreira, A. L. C.

; Ferreira, S. R. D.

; Teixeira, A. P. C.

; Farias, B. K. S.

; Firmino, R. G.

; Maia, A. K. H. L.

; Lima, E. O.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e274149

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-lactose fermenting Gram-negative bacteria responsible for causing numerous nosocomial infections. The present research aimed to analyze the anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa potential of 2-Chloro-N-(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl)acetamide (A8). The antibacterial potential of A8 was evaluated from the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Association using the checkerboard method. MIC and MBC values were 512 µg/mL for all P. aeruginosa strains evaluated, demonstrating predominantly bactericidal activity. Furthermore, when A8 was associated with the drug ceftriaxone, pharmacological additivity and indifference were evidenced. In this sense, the synthetic amide was interesting, since it demonstrates the potential to become a possible candidate for an antimicrobial drug.

Resumo Pseudomonas aeruginosa é uma bactéria Gram-negativa não fermentadora de lactose, responsável por causar inúmeras infecções nosocomiais. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o potencial anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa da molécula 2-Cloro-N-(4-fluoro-3-nitrofenil)acetamida (A8). O potencial antibacteriano do A8 foi avaliado a partir da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM), Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) e Associação pelo método de checkboard. Os valores de CIM e CBM foram de 512 µg/mL para todas as cepas de P. aeruginosa avaliadas, demonstrando atividade predominantemente bactericida. Além disso, quando o A8 foi associado ao fármaco ceftriaxona, evidenciou-se aditividade e indiferença farmacológica. Nesse sentido, a amida sintética se mostrou interessante, pois demonstra potencial para se tornar um possível candidato a fármaco antimicrobiano.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.274149

Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives
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Leite, Tatiana S.

; Pinheiro, Igor E.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Bertoncini, Áthila A.

; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del

; Demetrescu, Irene E.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P

; Machado, Arthur A.

; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo

; Martins, Flavio L.

; Mendes, Liana F.

; Rambelli, Gilson

; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.

; Segal, Barbara

; Aguiar, Aline A.

; Auler, Augusto S.

; Barroco-Neto, José

; Bonaldo, Roberta M.

; Buchmann, Francisco S.

; Calippo, Flavio

; Cesar, Augusto

; Gama, Matheus A.C.

; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia

; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.

; Lessa, Guilherme C.

; Menegola, Carla

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Sabino, José

; Seoane, José C.S.

; Sestokas, Julia

; Tiago, Cláudio C.

; Wegner, Ewerton

; Lotufo, Tito

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23045

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

AVALIAÇÃO DE METAIS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICOS EM CHORUME PROVENIENTE DE ÁREA DE DEPOSIÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS EM BELÉM - PARÁ
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Dias, Lianne Maria M.

; Silva, Maria Vitória R. da

; Faial, Kelson do Carmo F.

; Vasconcelos Junior, Neuton T.

; Maia, Raimunda F. S.

; Souza, José Antonio S.

; Macedo, Emanuel Negrão

Química Nova

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sep 2022, Volume 45 N. 9 Pages 1047 - 1052

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

The formation of solid waste is a global challenge regarding environmental preservation. Due to the lifestyle of modern society, which aims to improve practicality, new products are constantly being released in the market and increasing the formation of waste. The decomposition of waste from various origins produces a dark liquid named leachate, which presents high rates of organic and inorganic compounds. The objective of this study was to assess the concentration of potentially toxic metals in the leachate collected from the Aurá dump. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were evaluated in leachate samples collected in a period of a year, covering two typical seasonal periods of the Amazon region with more and less rainfall. The leachate samples collected in the Aurá dump were determined in the Toxicology Laboratory of Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), by means of Plasma/Inductively Coupled Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The Cr, Mn, and Pb metals analyzed in the slurry samples are in a concentration above the maximum limits specified by CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011, causing significant environmental concerns.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170912

Study of electrophoretic deposition of ZnO photoanodes on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)
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Nunes, V. F.

; Teixeira, E. S.

; Maia Júnior, P. H. F.

; Almeida, A. F. L.

; Freire, F. N. A.

Cerâmica

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mar 2022, Volume 68 N. 385 Pages 120 - 125

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Semiconductors, such as zinc oxide (ZnO), are used in different scientific fields, including energy. This study applied ZnO thin films on a photovoltaic cell, specifically a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). ZnO was used in solar cells due to its characteristics such as electronic mobility. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is an efficient method to deposit thin films since it can be done at room temperature and its parameters can be easily controlled. ZnO thin films were deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, changing the tension parameter, and used in a DSSC, with different dye immersion times, between 7 and 24 h, to observe time effects on cell efficiency. For lower tension, 30 and 40 V, 7 h improved the cell efficiency, and at 50 V, 24 h favored the current density and efficiency. The highest efficiency was for the photoanode EPD deposited at 50 V, for 24 h dye immersion, at about 2.68%, and photocurrent of 13.55 mA/cm2.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132022683853219

10.

Small mammals in the diet of Barn Owls (Tyto furcata) in an urban area in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, with a new record of the dwarf mouse opossum (Cryptonanus)
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Almeida, A. J.

; Ribeiro, R. R.

; Maia-Júnior, J. A.

; Silva, V. C.

; Borges, I. C. V.

; Gonçalves, P. R.

; Rangel, K. S.

; Dias, H. V. R.

; Godinho, A. B. F. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e237675

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Vários estudos enfatizam o uso de pelotas de coruja em inventários de pequenos mamíferos em áreas naturais com elevada riqueza de espécies raras, mas poucas localidades da Mata Atlântica brasileira têm sido inventariadas por esse método. O presente estudo documenta a composição de espécies e abundância de pequenos mamíferos na dieta de Tyto furcata em uma área urbana do município de Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, discutindo a relevância de um novo registro de um raro marsupial do gênero Cryptonanus na Mata Atlântica. Foram analisadas 265 pelotas regurgitadas por um casal de T. furcata entre novembro de 2016 e setembro de 2017, encontradas abaixo de uma caixa de nidificação. A análise das amostras permitiu encontrar o total de 596 indivíduos de quatro espécies pequenas de mamíferos. O roedor exótico Mus musculus foi predominante entre os itens alimentares (98,3%), enquanto os roedores nativos Necromys lasiurus (1,3%) e Holochilus brasiliensis (0,17%) foram bem mais raros. Um único espécime de Cryptonanus sp. foi identificado entre os itens com base em caracteres dentários. A identificação desse gênero no presente estudo representa o segundo registro no estado do Rio de Janeiro e o sexto no bioma Mata Atlântica, sugerindo que este marsupial ocupa uma ampla faixa ecológica e biogeográfica. O presente estudo destaca a relevância dos pellets de coruja para pesquisas com pequenos mamíferos, mesmo em áreas urbanas e altamente perturbadas.

Abstract Several studies emphasize the use of owl pellets in small mammal inventories in natural areas harboring high richness of rare species, but few Brazilian Atlantic forest localities have been surveyed by this method. The present study documents the species composition and abundance of small mammals in the diet of Tyto furcata in an urban area of the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, remarking on a new record of the dwarf mouse opossum genus Cryptonanus in the Atlantic forest. We analyzed 265 pellets regurgitated by a pair of T. furcata from November 2016 to September 2017 found in a nesting box. Analysis of the samples enabled finding a total of 596 individuals of four small mammal species. Mus musculus was predominant among the prey items (98.3%), while the native rodents Necromys lasiurus (1.3%) and Holochilus brasiliensis (0,17%) were much rarer. A single specimen of Cryptonanus sp. was identified among the diet items based on distinctive dental characters. The identification of this genus in the present study represents the second record in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and the sixth in the Atlantic Forest biome, suggesting that this marsupial occupies a wider ecological and biogeographic range. The present study underscores the relevance of owl pellets for small mammal surveys, even in urban and highly disturbed areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.237675 215 downloads

11.

Fish functional responses to local habitat variation in streams within multiple land uses areas in the Amazon
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Maia, Calebe

; Salvador, Gilberto N.

; Begot, Tiago O.

; Freitas, Pâmela V.

; Nonato, Flávia A. S.

; Torres, Naiara R.

; Juen, Leandro

; Montag, Luciano F. A.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2022, Volume 20 N. 4 elocation e220091

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract In this study, we assessed the effects of multiple land uses and local habitat variables on the composition of fish functional trophic groups (FTG’s) and on the ecomorphological traits of fish in Amazonian streams. We evaluated land use types and local habitat variables in 26 streams distributed within a land use gradient. Land use and habitat variables affected the composition of FTG’s, as evidenced by the increased abundance of diurnal channel drift feeders in areas with high dissolved oxygen and deeper thalweg. At the same time, diurnal surface pickers, as well as diggers, and ambush and stalker predators were more abundant in streams with higher canopy density. Only habitat variables affected the ecomorphological characteristics of the species. Fish with higher values of relative caudal peduncle length were positively associated with high canopy density, while fish with greater relative mouth width were negatively associated with the variables impact in the riparian zone and cover of fish shelter. The stream fish functional structure was mainly affected by the impacts caused to the local habitat resulting from different land uses. Thus, preserving forest remnants, as well as recovering degraded areas, is essential for the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity in the region.

Resumo Neste estudo, avaliamos os efeitos dos múltiplos usos da terra e de variáveis do habitat local sobre a composição de grupos tróficos funcionais (FTG’s), e nos traços ecomorfológicos, de peixes em riachos amazônicos. Analisamos os tipos de uso da terra e variáveis da estrutura do habitat local em 26 riachos distribuídos dentro de um gradiente de uso da terra. O uso da terra e as variáveis de habitat afetaram a composição de FTG’s, evidenciado pelo aumento na abundância de peixes diurnos que se alimentam de organismos em suspensão na água em áreas com maiores valores de oxigênio dissolvido e profundidade do talvegue. Ao passo que os peixes diurnos catadores de superfície, bem como os escavadores e predadores de emboscada foram mais abundantes em riachos com maior densidade florestal. Apenas as variáveis do habitat afetaram as características ecomorfológicas das espécies. Peixes com maiores valores de comprimento relativo do pedúnculo caudal foram associados positivamente com alta densidade do dossel, enquanto peixes que apresentam maior largura relativa da boca foram associados negativamente com as variáveis impacto na zona ripária e abrigo para peixes. A estrutura funcional da comunidade de peixes de riachos foi afetada principalmente pelos impactos causados ao habitat decorrentes de diferentes usos da terra. Portando, preservar os remanescentes florestais, bem como recuperar áreas já degradadas, é fundamental para a manutenção da biodiversidade aquática na região.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0091

12.

A summary of reptile and anuran amphibian species from Brazilian sandy coastal plains: 31 years of sampling efforts of the “Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro”
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Rocha, C. F. D.

; Militão, C. M.

; Vrcibradic, D.

; Van Sluys, M.

; Pereira-Ribeiro, J.

; Dias, E. J. R.

; Marra, R. V.

; Bergallo, H. G.

; Winck, G. R.

; Galdino, C. A. B.

; Cunha-Barros, M.

; Kiefer, M. C.

; Telles, F. B. S.

; Almeida-Santos, P.

; Hatano, F. H.

; Menezes, V. A.

; Siqueira, C. C.

; Miranda, J. P.

; Maia-Carneiro, T.

; Oliveira, J. C. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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dec 2021, Volume 81 N. 4 Pages 1144 - 1165

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Embora atualmente exista um conjunto de estudos sobre aspectos ecológicos de algumas espécies de répteis e de anfíbios que ocorrem nas planícies costeiras arenosas brasileiras (incluindo os chamados habitats de “restinga” e de “campo nativo”), há relativamente poucas informações sobre a composição de espécies geralmente associada a esses ambientes. Durante 31 anos (1988-2019) de estudos herpetológicos realizados em restingas por nossa equipe de pesquisa do Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados (Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) nós estudamos comunidades de répteis e de anfíbios e realizamos diferentes estudos com métodos semelhantes em 70 localidades de dez diferentes Estados ao longo da costa brasileira. Nossas pesquisas resultaram em registros de 87 espécies de répteis (cinco tartarugas, dois crocodilianos, seis anfisbênios, 36 lagartos e 39 serpentes) de 24 famílias, e 77 espécies de anfíbios anuros de nove famílias. Estudamos vários tópicos de história natural sobre anuros e répteis, que resultaram na publicação de alguns estudos ecológicos específicos, especialmente em relação a algumas espécies, abrangendo ecologia populacional e de comunidades, forrageamento e dieta, horário de atividade de espécies, termorregulação, reprodução, uso do microhabitat e parasitismo por ecto e endoparasitas. Nossos resultados ao longo dessas três décadas também contribuíram para a descrição de quatro novas espécies de lagartos (Ameivula nativo, Glaucomastix littoralis, G. abaetensis e G. itabaianensis). Nossos estudos constituem uma importante contribuição para o conhecimento da ecologia de répteis e de anfíbios anuros nesses ecossistemas, bem como para a conservação dos ecossistemas de restinga. A lista de espécies apresentada neste estudo, com base em nossos registros de herpetofauna das planícies costeiras arenosas, fornece para muitas localidades ao longo da costa brasileira o conhecimento necessário sobre a ocorrência de espécies, incluindo a presença de espécies endêmicas e/ ou ameaçadas de extinção, que podem ser úteis para muitas ações de conservação.

Abstract Although currently there is already a set of studies regarding ecological aspects of some particular reptile and amphibian species living in Brazilian sandy coastal plains (including the so-called “restinga” and “campo nativo” habitats), there is comparatively few information on the species composition usually associated to these environments. During 31 years (1988-2019) of herpetological studies carried out in sandy coastal plains environments by our research team of the Laboratory of Vertebrate Ecology (Department of Ecology, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, in Rio de Janeiro Brazil) we have surveyed reptile and amphibian communities and performed different studies with similar methods in 70 sites from 10 different states along the Brazilian coast. Our surveys resulted in records of 87 species of reptile (five turtles, two crocodylians, six amphisbaenians, 36 lizards and 39 snakes) from 24 families, and 77 species of anuran amphibians from nine families. We have studied multiple natural history topics for anurans and reptiles which resulted in the publication of some specific ecological studies, especially regarding some species, encompassing population and community ecology, foraging and feeding habits, species activity, thermoregulation, reproduction, use of microhabitats, and parasitism by ecto and endoparasites. Our results along these three decades have also contributed for the description of four new lizard species (Ameivula nativo, Glaucomastix littoralis, G. abaetensis and G. itabaianensis). Our studies constitute an important contribution to the knowledge of the ecology of anuran amphibians and reptiles in these ecosystems, as well as to the conservation of sandy coastal plains environment. The checklist presented in this study, based on our records of sandy coastal plains herpetofauna, provides for many localities along the Brazilian coast, the needed knowledge on species occurrence, including the presence of endemic and/or endangered species, which can be of value for many conservation actions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.229617 972 downloads

13.

Physiology and production of cherry tomato cultivars in a hydroponic system using brackish water
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Batista, Mateus C.

; Nascimento, Ronaldo do

; Maia Júnior, Sebastião de O.

; Nascimento, Elka C. S.

; Bezerra, Carlos V. de C.

; Lima, Robson F. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2021, Volume 25 N. 4 Pages 219 - 227

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A produção agrícola tem se tornado um desafio nas regiões áridas e semiáridas devido à escassez de água para irrigação, sendo comum o uso de água salobra. Objetivou-se avaliar as respostas fisiológicas e produtivas de cultivares de tomate cereja sob diferentes salinidades da solução nutritiva em sistema hidropônico. O experimento foi conduzido em parcela subdividida e esquema fatorial 5 × 3, com quatro repetições. Os fatores corresponderam a valores da condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva (CEsn 2,5, 4,0, 5,5, 7,0 e 8,5 dS m-1) e cultivares (Samambaia, Tomate Vermelho e Caroline). O aumento da salinidade da solução nutritiva afetou negativamente as trocas gasosas, o extravasamento de eletrólitos e os pigmentos fotossintetizantes das cultivares de tomate cereja, principalmente com o prolongamento do estresse. O sistema fotossintético foi eficiente até 4,0 dS m-1, mas, a partir desta condutividade elétrica na solução nutritiva houve fotoinibição ou fotodanos nas plantas de tomate cereja, com 30 dias após o transplantio. As cultivares de tomateiro cereja Samambaia e Caroline foram as mais adaptadas às soluções salobras, enquanto a cultivar Tomate Vermelho mais susceptível.

ABSTRACT Agricultural production has become a challenge in arid and semi-arid regions due to the scarcity of water for irrigation, so brackish water is commonly used. The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological and production responses of cherry tomato cultivars under salinity levels of the nutrient solution in a hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in a split plot and 5 × 3 factorial scheme with four repetitions. The factors corresponded to different values of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (ECns 2.5, 4.0, 5.5, 7.0 and 8.5 dS m-1) and cultivars (Samambaia, Tomate Vermelho and Caroline). The increase in nutrient solution salinity negatively affected the gas exchange, electrolyte leakage and photosynthetic pigments of the cherry tomato cultivars, mainly with the prolongation of stress. The photosynthetic system was efficient up to 4.0 dS m-1, but, above this electrical conductivity in the nutrient solution, there was photoinhibition or photodamage in the cherry tomato plants at 30 days after transplanting. The cherry tomato cultivars Samambaia and Caroline were the most adapted to brackish solutions, while Tomate Vermelho was the most susceptible.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n4p219-227 367 downloads

14.

Choosing Wisely for Thyroid Conditions: Recommendations of the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism
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Dora, Jose Miguel

; Biscolla, Rosa Paula Mello

; Caldas, Gustavo

; Cerutti, Janete

; Graf, Hans

; Hoff, Ana O.

; Mazeto, Glaucia M. F. S.

; Magalhães, Patrícia Kunzle Ribeiro

; Mesa Junior, Cleo Otaviano

; Scheffel, Rafael Selbach

; Teixeira, Patricia de Fatima dos Santos

; Vaisman, Fernanda

; Villagelin, Danilo

; Maia, Ana Luiza

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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apr 2021, Volume 65 N. 2 Pages 248 - 252

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: Choosing Wisely (CW) is an initiative that aims to advance the dialogue between physicians and patients about low-value health interventions. Given that thyroid conditions are frequent in clinical practice, we aimed to develop an evidence-based list of thyroid CW recommendations. Materials and methods: The Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM) named a Task Force to conduct the initiative. The Task Force work was based on an electronic Delphi approach. The 10 recommendations that received the highest scores by the Task Force were submitted for voting by all SBEM associates. The 5 recommendations that received the highest scores by SBEM associates are presented herein. Results: The Task Force was composed of 14 thyroidologists from 10 tertiary-care, teaching-based Brazilian institutions. The brainstorming/ideation phase resulted in 69 recommendations. After the removal of duplicates and recommendations that did not adhere to the initiative's scope, 35 remained. Then the Task Force voted to attribute a grade (0 [lowest agreement] to 10 [highest agreement]) for each recommendation. The 10 recommendations that received the highest scores by the Task Force were submitted to all SBEM associates. A total of 683 associates voted electronically, attributing a grade (0 to 10) for each recommendation. The 5 recommendations that received the highest scores by the SBEM associates compose our final list. Conclusion: A set of recommendations to avoid unnecessary medical tests, treatments, or procedures for thyroid conditions are offered with a transparent methodology. This initiative aims to foster productive interactions between physicians and patients, stimulating shared decision-making.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000323 340 downloads

15.

Standing cough test stratification of moderate male stress urinary incontinence
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Khouri Jr., Roger K.

; Yi, Yooni A.

; Ortiz, Nicolas M.

; Baumgarten, Adam S.

; Ward, Ellen E.

; VanDyke, Maia E.

; Hudak, Steven J.

; Morey, Allen F.

International braz j urol

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mar 2021, Volume 47 N. 2 Pages 415 - 422

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: Patient-reported history of pads per day (PPD) is widely recognized as a fundamental element of decision-making for anti-incontinence procedures. We hypothesize that SUI severity is often underestimated among men with moderate SUI. We sought to compare patient history of incontinence severity versus objective in-office physical examination findings. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our single-surgeon male SUI surgical database from 2007-2019. We excluded patients with incomplete preoperative or postoperative data and those who reported either mild or severe SUI, thus having more straightforward surgical counseling. For men reported to have moderate SUI, we determined the frequency of upgrading SUI severity by recording the results of an in-office standing cough test (SCT) using the Male Stress Incontinence Grading Scale (MSIGS). The correlation of MSIGS with sling success rate was calculated. Failure was defined as >1 PPD usage or need for additional incontinence procedure. Results: Among 233 patients with reported moderate SUI (2-3 PPD), 89 (38%) had MSIGS 3-4 on SCT, indicating severe SUI. Among patients with 2-3 PPD preoperatively, sling success rates were significantly higher for patients with MSIGS 0-2 (76/116, 64%) compared to MSIGS 3-4 (6/18, 33%) (p <0.01). Conclusions: Many men with self-reported history of moderate SUI actually present severe SUI observed on SCT. The SCT is a useful tool to stratify moderate SUI patients to more accurately predict sling success.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0551 393 downloads

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