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Electrospinning was used to produce poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based nanofibers containing nerolidol (NER) as the antimicrobial agent. The scanning electron microscopy results indicated the formation of homogeneous fibers in the absence of NER. However, its incorporation into the fiber prevented the complete solvent evaporation, ultimately leading to the coalescence of the fibers. It became more evident as the amount of NER increased from 0 to 50% m/v. The incorporation of NER also decreased the crystallinity of the fibers from 10 to ca. 6.5%. However, this decrease was not proportional to the concentration of NER. The contact angle results confirmed the presence of NER molecules on the surface of the fibers especially due to the increase of the contact angle from 0 (PVA/NER0) to 27.8º (PVA/NER50). The fibrous mats exhibited good antimicrobial activity, being even more efficient than the control in some cases, suggesting their potential for wound-dressing purposes.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230078

Diversity of eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbiota revealed by metabarcoding in Neotropical floodplain lakes
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TARGUETA, CÍNTIA P.

; ANTUNES, ADRIANA M.

; MACHADO, KARINE B.

; FERNANDES, JORDANA G.

; TELLES, MARIANA P. DE C.

; VIEIRA, LUDGERO C. GALLI

; LOGARES, RAMIRO

; NABOUT, JOÃO C.

; SOARES, THANNYA N.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 1 elocation e20201578

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The diversity of eukaryotic and prokaryotic communities has been assessed by morphological and genetic approaches, which are used to characterize the microbiota in different environments. Here, planktonic prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities of the Araguaia River, located in the Central region of Brazil, were analyzed based on metabarcoding analysis of rRNA genes to evaluate the diversity of these groups in tropical floodplain lakes. Also, we tested their spatial concordance throughout the Araguaia river. Water samples were collected from 8 floodplain lakes in Araguaia River. The 16S and 18S rRNA genes were amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. For eukaryotes, 34,242 merged reads were obtained and 225 distinct OTUs were delineated, of which 106 OTUs were taxonomically classified. For prokaryotes, 26,426 sequences were obtained and 351 OTUs were detected. Of them, 231 were classified in at least one taxonomic category. The most representative eukaryotes belonged to Ciliophora, Chlorophyta and Charophyta. The prokaryotic phylum with the most OTUs classified were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The lakes did not show spatial concordance when comparing the similarity between their microbiota. The knowledge of freshwater biodiversity using DNA sequencing for important rivers, such as Araguaia River, can improve microbiota inventories of tropical biodiversity hotspots.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320201578

Eugenia uniflora: a promising natural alternative against multidrug-resistant bacteria
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Ferreira, M. R. A.

; Lima, L. B.

; Santos, E. C. F.

; Machado, J. C. B.

; Silva, W. A. V.

; Paiva, P. M. G.

; Napoleão, T. H.

; Soares, L. A. L.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e274084

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from crude extract and fractions from leaves of Eugenia uniflora Linn. The crude extract was obtained by turbo extraction and their fractions by partitioning. Chromatographic analysis were performed, and the antioxidant capacity was verified by two methods (DPPH• and ABTS•+). The Minimal Inhibitory/Bactericidal Concentration were conducted against twenty-two bacteria, selecting five strains susceptible to extract/fractions and resistant to the antibiotics tested. Ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin were associated with Ethyl Acetate Fraction (EAF) against multidrug-resistant strains in modulatory and checkerboard tests. The chromatographic data showed gallic acid, ellagic acid, and myricitrin in crude extract, with enrichment in the EAF. The electron transfer activity demonstrated in the antioxidant tests is related to the presence of flavonoids. The Gram-positive strains were more susceptible to EAF, and their action spectra were improved by association, comprising Gram-negative bacilli. Synergisms were observed to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa colistin-resistant. The results demonstrate that the extract and enriched fraction obtained from the leaves of E. uniflora act as a promising natural alternative against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a composição química, as atividades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas do extrato bruto e frações de folhas de Eugenia uniflora Linn. O extrato bruto foi obtido por turbólise e suas frações por partição. Foram realizadas análises cromatográficas e a capacidade antioxidante foi verificada por dois métodos (DPPH• e ABTS•+). A Concentração Inibitória/Bactericida Mínima foi realizada contra vinte e duas bactérias, selecionando cinco cepas suscetíveis a extração/frações e resistentes aos antibióticos testados. Ampicilina, azitromicina, ciprofloxacina e gentamicina foram associados à Fração Acetato de Etila (FAE) contra cepas multirresistentes em testes modulatórios e de checkboard. Os dados cromatográficos mostraram ácido gálico, ácido elágico e miricitrina em extrato bruto, com enriquecimento na FAE. A atividade de transferência de elétrons demonstrada nos testes antioxidantes está relacionada com a presença de flavonoides. As cepas de Gram-positivas foram mais suscetíveis à FAE, e seus espectros de ação foram melhorados por associação, compreendendo bacilos Gram-negativos. Foram observados sinergismos de ciprofloxacina e gentamicina contra Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistente à colistina. Os resultados demonstram que o extrato e a fração enriquecida obtida das folhas de E. uniflora atuam como uma alternativa natural promissora contra bactérias multirresistentes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.274084

16S metabarcoding analysis reveals the influence of organic and conventional farming practices on bacterial communities from the rhizospheric of Coffea arabica L.
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Andrade, P. H. M.

; Machado, P. C.

; Paula, A. F.

; Paganin, A. C. L.

; Rezende, G. S.

; Matheucci Jr., E.

; Carvalho, L. M.

; Freire, C. C. M.

; Cunha, A. F.

; Lacava, P. T.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e274070

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Coffea sp. is cultivated in many tropical countries. Brazil has always adopted intensive agricultural practices, but organic coffee farming is an alternative system based on the non-use of agrochemicals and the rational management of soils. Metabarcoding 16S analysis using next-generation sequencing has been developed to identify and compare the diversity of the Coffea arabica L. rhizospheric bacterial community in two farming areas in São Paulo, Brazil. Dourado uses conventional farming, while Ribeirão Corrente uses organic. We found broad taxonomic composition, with sequences from 24 phyla, 55 classes, 61 orders, 146 families, and 337genus. The three most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria (38.27%), Actinobacteria (15.56%), and Acidobacteria (16.10%). In organic farming, the top 3 were the family Sphingomonadaceae, order Rhizobiales, genus Nocardioides, and Gp6. The genus Gp2 and the phylum Candidatus Saccharibacteria were the most abundant OTUs exclusively present in conventional farming. In the organic farming practice, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were also present among the exclusive OTUs; we also found OTUs belonging to Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia. Our study indicates a positive effect of organic farming on microbial communities. Fertilization may directly affect soil microbiota, suggesting that a large and active microbial community low in functional diversity might not adapt to new climatic conditions. A diverse community could provide better resilience to environmental changes, improving the productivity of this important crop.

Resumo Coffea sp. é cultivada em muitos países tropicais. O Brasil sempre adotou práticas agrícolas intensivas, mas a cafeicultura orgânica é um sistema alternativo baseado na não utilização de agrotóxicos e no manejo racional dos solos. A análise Metabarcode 16S utilizando o sequenciamento de última geração foi desenvolvida para identificar e comparar a diversidade da comunidade bacteriana rizosférica de Coffea arabica L. em duas áreas de cultivo em São Paulo, Brasil. Dourado usa agricultura convencional, enquanto Ribeirão Corrente usa agricultura orgânica. Encontramos ampla composição taxonômica, com sequências de 24 filos, 55 classes, 61 ordens, 146 famílias e 337 gêneros. Os três filos mais abundantes foram Proteobacteria (38,27%), Actinobacteria (15,56%) e Acidobacteria (16,10%). Na agricultura orgânica, os 3 primeiros foram a família Sphingomonadaceae, ordem Rhizobiales, gênero Nocardioides e Gp6. O gênero Gp2 e o filo Candidatus Saccaribacteria foram as OTUs mais abundantes exclusivamente presentes na agricultura convencional. Na prática da agricultura orgânica, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria e Acidobacteria também estiveram presentes entre as OTUs exclusivas; também encontramos OTUs pertencentes a Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes e Verrucomicrobia. Nosso estudo indica um efeito positivo da agricultura orgânica nas comunidades microbianas. A fertilização pode afetar diretamente a microbiota do solo, sugerindo que uma grande e ativa comunidade microbiana com baixa diversidade funcional pode não se adaptar às novas condições climáticas. Uma comunidade microbiana diversificada poderia proporcionar maior resiliência às mudanças ambientais, melhorando a produtividade desta importante cultura agrícola.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.274070

Medical research: Are e-Sports really sports? research eSports e Sports sports
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Scorza, Fulvio A.

; Fiorini, Ana C.

; Lima, Camila C. de

; Camilo, Nilton

; Magro, Eliana P.

; Guimarães, Liliane

; Pavanelli, Claudio

; Finsterer, Josef

; Almeida, Antonio-Carlos G. de

; Fonseca, Marcelo C.M.

; Fujita, Reginado R.

; Barros, Turibio L. de

; Scorza, Miguel M.C.

; Moret, Marcelo A.

; Teixeira-Machado, Lavínia

; Arida, Ricardo M.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100190

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100190

Biotechnological and socio-environmental potential of Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae): an interdisciplinary review socioenvironmental socio environmental Myrtaceae (Myrtaceae) (Myrtaceae
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Zorgetto-Pinheiro, V. A.

; Kuff, H. M.

; Machado, G. T.

; Guimarães, R. C. A.

; Pott, A.

; Campos, R. P.

; Nascimento, V. A.

; Bogo, D.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e273473

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Guavira (Campomanesia adamantium, Myrtaceae) é um fruto nativo do Cerrado brasileiro e de importância sócio econômica para a população indígena e tradicional do Centro-Oeste. Esta é uma revisão bibliográfica das propriedades da guavira e seus derivados e, após a discussão de estudos experimentais, uma abordagem interdisciplinar é conduzida destacando a importância dos Sistemas Agroflorestais como uma ferramenta de restauração ecológica para alavancar a cadeia produtiva da guavira enquanto fornece serviços ecossistêmicos. Muitos grupos de pesquisa estudaram os efeitos dos polifenóis e outros compostos bioativos e propriedades biológicas desta fruta e de outras partes da planta, como antibióticos, antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórios, anti-hiperlipidêmicos, antidiarreicos e antitumorais, proteção cardiovascular e hepática e ação contra a dor neuropática. Além disso, os subprodutos da guavira beneficiam a saúde intestinal das aves, da mesma forma que os antibióticos adicionados à sua alimentação. Foram, também, encontrados diversos produtos biotecnológicos, como farinha de polpa, tempero da casca, protetor solar e óleo de semente semelhante ao azeite com potencial farmacêutico e industrial. Concluímos enfatizando a importância da guavira para a restauração e preservação do ameaçado Cerrado brasileiro e para o desenvolvimento socioambiental da agricultura familiar. A mesma abordagem e estudo são bem-vindos e necessários em outras regiões e domínios em todo o mundo, tendo sua flora nativa como meio para um fim restaurador. Campomanesia adamantium Myrtaceae CentroOeste. CentroOeste Centro Oeste. Oeste Centro-Oeste experimentais ecossistêmicos planta antioxidantes antiinflamatórios, antiinflamatórios anti inflamatórios, inflamatórios anti-inflamatórios antihiperlipidêmicos, antihiperlipidêmicos hiperlipidêmicos, hiperlipidêmicos anti-hiperlipidêmicos antitumorais neuropática disso aves alimentação Foram também biotecnológicos polpa casca industrial familiar bemvindos bem vindos mundo restaurador

Abstract Guavira (Campomanesia adamantium, Myrtaceae) is a native fruit from the Brazilian Cerrado savanna and is socio-economically important for the indigenous and traditional people living in the Central-West. This is a bibliographic review of the biological properties of guavira and its derivatives, and, after discussing experimental studies, an interdisciplinary approach is conducted highlighting the im-portance of Agroforestry Systems as an ecological restoration tool to leverage the production chain of guavira while providing ecosystem services. Many research groups studied effects of polyphenols and other bioactive compounds and biological properties of this fruit and other plant parts such as antibiotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diarrheic and antitumoral activities, cardiovascular and hepatic protection and action against neuropathic pain. Besides, guavira by-products benefit poultry intestinal health, similarly to antibiotics added to their feed. Furthermore, several biotechnological products were found, like pulp flour, seasoning from the peel, sunscreen, and seed oil similar to olive oil with pharmaceutical and industrial potential. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of guavira for restoration and preservation of the threatened Brazilian Cerrado, and for the socio-environmental development of family agriculture. The same approach and study are welcome and necessary in other regions and domains worldwide having their native flora as means for a restorative end. Campomanesia adamantium Myrtaceae socioeconomically socio economically CentralWest. CentralWest Central West. West Central-West derivatives studies im portance services antibiotic antioxidant antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, inflammatory anti-inflammatory antihyperlipidemic, antihyperlipidemic hyperlipidemic, hyperlipidemic anti-hyperlipidemic antidiarrheic diarrheic activities pain Besides byproducts health feed Furthermore found flour peel sunscreen potential socioenvironmental environmental agriculture end

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.273473

Sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with Eucalyptus spp. essential oils
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Oliveira, Augusto M.

; Santos, Alice M. G.

; Silva, Luciana B.

; Souza, João S. N.

; Silva, Helane F.

; Lima, Juliana J. P.

; Nunes, Túlio S.

; Leão, Katyuscya V.

; Machado, Luciana L.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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sep 2022, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 41 - 50

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Soybean seeds are usually infested by fungi, and disinfestation has been carried out mainly with synthetic fungicides, however, alternative controls have been sought, including essential oils. Thus, the effect of essential oils extracted from the leaves of the hybrid Eucalyptus tereticornis x E. urophylla (HEtu) and E. grandis x E. urophylla (HEgu) in the sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds was evaluated. The sanity test was conducted out in completely randomizes design (CRD), factorial scheme 2x5 (two essential oils, in five concentrations: 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), the seeds were placed in gerbox boxes in an incubator at 20 ºC for seven days, the fungi were identified according to their morphology. The physiological quality was evaluated in CRD, factorial scheme 2x4+1, being: two essential oils, in four concentrations (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), plus an additional control treated with autoclaved distilled water, after eight days, the percentage of germination, percentage of abnormal seedlings and percentage of dead seeds were evaluated. The oils were efficient in controlling the Fusarium and Cladosporium genera, especially at concentrations of 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1. HEgu oil was more efficient in sanitary control, while HEtu oil was superior in all physiological variables. Despite the greater efficiency in sanitary control, HEgu oil negatively alters the physiological quality of the seeds, while HEtu oil at a concentration of 2.0 µL.mL-1, in addition to the efficiency in phytosanitary control, does not affect the physiological quality of the seeds.

Resumo As sementes de soja geralmente são infestadas por fungos, e a desinfestação tem sido realizada principalmente com fungicidas sintéticos, porém, tem-se buscado controles alternativos, entre eles, óleos essenciais. Assim, avaliou-se o efeito de óleos essenciais extraídos das folhas dos híbridos Eucalyptus tereticornis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEtu) e Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEgu) na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de soja. O teste de sanidade foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), esquema fatorial 2x5 (dois óleos essenciais, em cinco concentrações: 0; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), as sementes foram colocadas em caixas gerbox em incubadora a 20 ºC por sete dias, os fungos foram identificados de acordo com sua morfologia. A qualidade fisiológica foi avaliada em DIC, esquema fatorial 2x4+1, sendo: dois óleos essenciais, em quatro concentrações (0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), mais uma testemunha adicional tratada com água destilada autoclavada, após oito dias foram avaliadas a Percentual de germinação, Percentual de plântulas anormais e Percentual de sementes mortas. Os óleos mostram-se eficientes no controle dos gêneros Fusarium e Cladosporium, especialmente nas concentrações de 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1. O óleo do HEgu foi mais eficiente no controle sanitário, enquanto que o do HEtu foi superior para todas as variáveis fisiológicas. Apesar da maior eficiência no controle sanitário, o óleo do HEgu prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, enquanto que o do HEtu na concentração de 2,0 µL.mL-1 além da eficiente no controle fitossanitário não prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.26529

Lagged response of Tropical Atlantic Ocean to cold and fresh water pulse from Antarctic sea ice melting
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TORRES, ANA LAURA R.

; PARISE, CLAUDIA K.

; PEZZI, LUCIANO P.

; QUEIROZ, MICHELLY G. DOS SANTOS

; MACHADO, ADILSON M.B.

; CERVEIRA, GABRIEL S.

; CORREIA, GUSTAVO S.

; BARBOSA, WESLEY L.

; LIMA, LEONARDO G. DE

; SUTIL, UESLEI A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 1 elocation e20210800

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The formation of dense water masses at polar regions has been largely influenced by climate changes arising from global warming. In this context, based on ensemble simulations with a coupled model we evaluate the meridional shift of a climate signal (i.e., a cold and fresh water input pulse generated from melting of positive Antarctic sea ice (ASI) extremes) towards the Tropical Atlantic Ocean (TAO). This oceanic signal propagated from Southern Ocean towards the equator through the upper layers due to an increase in its buoyance. Its northward shift has given by the Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) flows, that inject cold and fresh mode/intermediate waters from into subtropical basin. The signal has reached low latitudes through the equatorial upwelling and spreads out southwards, through the upper branch of southern subtropical gyre. We concluded that 10 years of coupled simulations was enough time to propagate the climate signal generated by ASI positive extremes melting, which reached TOA around 2 year later. The oceanic connection between Southern Ocean and TAO is indeed established within the timescale analyzed in the study (10 years). Nonetheless, the period needed to completely dissipate the disturbance generated from ASI seems to be longer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210800

10.

Tertiary hospital sewage as reservoir of bacteria expressing MDR phenotype in Brazil
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Zagui, G. S.

; Tonani, K. A. A.

; Fregonesi, B. M.

; Machado, G. P.

; Silva, T. V.

; Andrade, L. N.

; Andrade, D.

; Segura-Muñoz, S. I.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e234471

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Altas doses de antibióticos utilizados em hospitais podem afetar a composição microbiana dos esgotos, selecionando bactérias resistentes. Nesse sentido, avaliamos o perfil de resistência a antibióticos e o fenótipo multirresistente de bactérias isoladas em esgoto de um hospital terciário no interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para o isolamento de bactérias, foram semeados 10 µL das amostras de esgoto em meios de cultura seletivos e os isolados foram identificados usando o sistema automatizado VITEK-2. O teste de sensibilidade aos antibióticos foi realizado por disco-difusão em ágar. Elevadas porcentagens de resistência foram encontradas para amoxicilina, ampicilina, ceftazidima, clindamicina, vancomicina e o fenótipo multirresistente (MDR) foi atribuído a 60,7% dos isolados. Nossos resultados mostram bactérias classificadas como prioridade crítica/alta pela Lista de Patógenos Prioritários da OMS (Enterococcus e Staphylococcus aureus resistentes à vancomicina e Enterobacteriaceae resistentes aos carbapenêmicos) no esgoto hospitalar. Sendo assim, implementação de tecnologias de desinfecção do esgoto hospitalar reduziriam a carga bacteriana no esgoto que chegará às estações de tratamento de esgoto urbanas, minimizando a contaminação dos ecossistemas hídricos receptores e a disseminação da resistência bacteriana no ambiente.

Abstract High doses of antibiotics used in hospitals can affect the microbial composition of sewers, selecting resistant bacteria. In this sense, we evaluated the antibiotic resistance profile and the multiresistant phenotype of bacteria isolated in sewage from a tertiary hospital in the interior São Paulo state, Brazil. For bacteria isolation, 10 µL of sewage samples were sown in selective culture media and the isolates were identified using VITEK-2 automatized system. The antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by disk diffusion. High percentages of resistance were found for amoxicillin, ampicillin, ceftazidime, clindamycin, vancomycin and the multidrug-resistant phenotype (MDR) was attributed to 60.7% of the isolates. Our results show bacteria classified as critical/high priority by WHO List of Priority Pathogens (Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus resistant to vancomycin and Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenems) in hospital sewage. Therefore, the implementation of disinfection technologies for hospital sewage would reduce the bacterial load in the sewage that will reach urban wastewater treatment plants, minimizing superficial water contamination and bacterial resistance spread in the environment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.234471 366 downloads

11.

Murinometric measurements and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in young rats exposed to the high-fat diet: Is there correlation?
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Macêdo, A. P. A

; Cordeiro, G. S.

; Santos, L. S.

; Santo, D. A. E.

; Perez, G. S.

; Couto, R. D.

; Machado, M. E. P. C.

; Medeiros, J. M. Barreto

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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may 2021, Volume 81 N. 2 Pages 246 - 250

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a correlação entre medidas murinométricas e tecido adiposo retroperitoneal em ratos expostos à dieta hiperlipídica. Material e métodos: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos adultos, descendentes de mães que consumiram dieta hiperlipídica durante a gestação e lactação e alimentados com a mesma dieta após o desmame. Aos 60 dias de vida, foram medidos o peso corporal, o eixo longitudinal e a circunferência da cintura (CC). O Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e o Índice de Lee foram calculados para posterior análise da correlação com a quantidade de tecido adiposo retroperitoneal dissecado no mesmo dia. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o teste de correlação de Pearson, considerando significância estatística para p <0.05. Resultados: O peso corporal apresentou uma correlação fraca (r= 0,31; p= 0,38) com o tecido adiposo retroperitoneal. Enquanto o longitudinal correlacionou moderadamente e negativo (r= -0,40; p= 0,25). A circunferência abdominal (r = 0,62; p = 0,05), índice de massa corporal (r= 0,61; p= 0,03) e Lee (r=0,69; p= 0,03) correlacionaram-se moderada e positivamente com o tecido adiposo. Conclusão: Entre as medidas murinométricas, o peso e o eixo longitudinal não foram bons indicadores para representar o acúmulo de tecido adiposo retroperitoneal em ratos. No entanto, o índice de Lee parece ser o melhor indicador murinométrico para diagnosticar o acúmulo de gordura retroperitoneal. O IMC, índice de Lee e CA foram parâmetros murinométricos com maior correlação.

Abstract Aim This study aimed to verify the correlation between murine measurements and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in rats exposed to the high-fat diet. Material and methods: Wistar male adult rats, descendants of mothers who consumed a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation and fed the same diet after weaning were used. At 60 days of life, body weight, longitudinal axis and waist circumference (WC) were measured. The Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Lee Index were calculated for a posterior analysis of the correlation with the amount of retroperitoneal adipose tissue dissected on the same day. For analysis of the data, the Pearson correlation test was used, considering statistical significance for p <0.05. Results: Body weight had a weak correlation (r= 0.31; p= 0.38) with retroperitoneal adipose tissue. While the longitudinal correlated moderately and negative (r= -0.40; p= 0.25). Abdominal circumference (r= 0.62; p= 0.05), body mass index (r= 0.61; p= 0.03) and Lee (r= 0.69; p= 0.03) correlated moderately and positively with adipose tissue. Conclusion: Among the measured murine measurements, weight and longitudinal axis were not good indicators to represent accumulation of retroperitoneal adipose tissue in rats. However, Lee's index seems to be the best murine marker to diagnose the accumulation of retroperitoneal fat. BMI, CA and Lee index were murine parameters with higher correlation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.221405 547 downloads

12.

The history, importance and anatomy of the specimen that validated the giant Purussaurus brasiliensis Barbosa-Rodrigues 1892 (Crocodylia: Caimaninae)
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SOUZA, LUCY G. DE

; BANDEIRA, KAMILA L.N.

; PÊGAS, RODRIGO V.

; BRUM, ARTHUR S.

; MACHADO, RODRIGO

; GUILHERME, EDSON

; LOBODA, THIAGO S.

; SOUZA-FILHO, JONAS P. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20200369

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Solimões Formation is a southwest geological unit of the Brazilian Amazon, being well-known for the Cenozoic giant eusuchian fossils. Among the eight species of Crocodylia described for this formation, the alligatoroid Purussaurus brasiliensis is the best known worldwide due to its enormous size. The holotype was described in 1892 by Barbosa-Rodrigues, composed by a right hemimandible. Later, two other species were assigned to the genus, but the loss of the type specimen brought a series of doubts and discussions about genus and species validity. Here, we provide a historical reconstruction of the genus Purussaurus, especially with a new description of the specimen DGM 527-R, which was first described by L. I. Price. We also provide a review of Purussaurus brasiliensis as a valid species, highlighting the importance of the paleontologist Diogenes de Almeida Campos to the preservation, study availability and divulgation of the specimen. From the six mandibular features discussed, at least two are putative synapomorphies for the genus: the false ziphodont teeth and the thinning of the medial surface of the mandible posterior to the fourteen alveoli, while the lateral surface become laterally expanded from ninth alveoli to behind. The review of the other species of the genus was aggravated due to little sampling of photos and low quality of those contributions. Finally, the curatorial efforts initiated by Price and kept for decades by Campos turned possible the revision of DGM 527-R, an important specimen for understanding the paleobiology and evolution of the genus, and, consequently P. brasiliensis. Such importance was recognized here scientifically and by Campos when considered this specimen as the center-piece of the exhibition in honor of the centenary anniversary of Price.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200369 445 downloads

13.

Multifunctionality of βCD/Ofloxacin and HPβCD/Ofloxacin Complexes: Improvement of the Antimicrobial Activity and Apoptosis Induction on Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells
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Amaro, Bolivar R.

; Alves, Caio C. S.

; Ferreira, Gabriella F.

; Carvalho, Paloma E.

; Silva, Jeferson G. da

; Souza, Cleonice A.

; Cardoso Jr., Oswaldo

; Carli, Alessandra P.

; Machado, Fabiana S.

; Denadai, Ângelo M. L.

; Castro, Sandra B. R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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dec 2020, Volume 31 N. 12 Pages 2628 - 2637

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The ofloxacin (OFLOX) is a second-generation synthetic antibiotic that can be classified as a multifunctional drug, but is a poorly soluble drug, which influences its efficiency. The inclusion complexes of OFLOX with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) can improve the chemical characteristics of the drug; however, studies showing the biological activity of these inclusion complexes are still scarce. The present work aimed to investigate the multifunctionality of the OFLOX and their inclusion complexes. Thus, the 1:1 βCD/OFLOX or HPβCD/OFLOX were prepared and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The antitumor and antibacterial effects were assessed. The results confirm the formation of the inclusion complexes, which had lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, higher cytotoxicity and promoted the apoptosis. The present study showed, for the first time, the promising effects of the inclusion complexes as antitumor, improving the biological activities of the uncomplexed ofloxacin.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200145 259 downloads

14.

Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes in Very Elderly Patients (≥75 years) with Renal Cell Carcinoma: Data from the Latin American Renal Cancer Group
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Garza-Gangemi, Adrián M.

; Castillejos-Molina, Ricardo A.

; Gueglio, Guillermo

; Tobia-Gonzalez, Ignacio P.

; Jurado, Alberto M.

; Meza-Montoya, Luis

; Scorticati, Carlos H.

; Henriques-da-Costa, Walter

; Yandian, Juan

; Ubillos, Luis

; Glina, Sidney

; Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Rodríguez-Faba, Oscar

; Ameri, Carlos

; Nolazco, Alejandro

; Martinez, Pablo

; Franco Carvalhal, Gustavo

; Bengio, Ruben G.

; Arribillaga, Leandro Cristian

; Langenhin, Raúl

; Muguruza, Diego

; Campos-Salcedo, José G.

; Bravo-Castro, Edgar I.

; Mingote, Pablo A.

; Ginestar, Nicolás

; Autran-Gomez, Ana M.

; Puente, Roberto

; Decia, Ricardo

; Cardoso-Guimarães, Gustavo

; Palou-Redorta, Joan

; Abreu-Clavijo, Diego

; Cassio-Zequi, Stenio de

; Rodriguez-Covarrubias, Francisco T.

Revista de investigación clínica

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oct 2020, Volume 72 N. 5 Pages 308 - 315

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Background: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing globally due to an aging population and widespread use of imaging studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and perioperative outcomes of RCC surgery in very elderly patients (VEP), ≥ 75 years of age. Methods: This is a retrospective comparative study of 3656 patients who underwent the treatment for RCC from 1990 to 2015 in 28 centers from eight Latin American countries. We compared baseline characteristics as well as clinical and perioperative outcomes according to age groups (<75 vs. ≥75 years). Surgical complications were classified with the Clavien-Dindo score. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with perioperative complications. Results: There were 410 VEP patients (11.2%). On bivariate analysis, VEP had a lower body mass index (p < 0.01) and higher ASA score (ASA >2 in 26.3% vs. 12.4%, p < 0.01). There was no difference in performance status and clinical stage between the study groups. There were no differences in surgical margins, estimated blood loss (EBL), complication, and mortality rates (1.3% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.17). On multivariate regression analysis, age ≥75 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.33, p < 0.01), EBL ≥ 500 cc (OR 3.34, p < 0.01), and > pT2 stage (OR 1.63, p = 0.04) were independently associated with perioperative complications. Conclusions: Surgical resection of RCC was safe and successful in VEP. Age ≥75 years was independently associated with 30-day perioperative complications. However, the vast majority were low-grade complications. Age alone should not guide decision-making in these patients, and treatment must be tailored according to performance status and severity of comorbidities. (REV INVEST CLIN. 2020;72(5):308-15)

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.20000018 141 downloads

15.

Toxoplasma gondii genotyping from free-range chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in a rural area of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Camillo, G.

; Machado, M.E.A.

; Cadore, G.C.

; Bräunig, P.

; Venturini, M.C.

; Pardini, L.L.

; Barros, L.D.

; Garcia, J.L.

; Sangioni, L.A.

; Vogel, F.S.F.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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aug 2020, Volume 72 N. 4 Pages 1339 - 1345

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Galinhas criadas ao ar livre podem ingerir oocistos de T. gondii presentes no ambiente e, com isso, albergar cepas virulentas desse parasita em diferentes tecidos, sem sinais clínicos. O isolamento de T. gondii por meio de bioensaios em camundongos e gatos, a partir de tecidos de galinhas naturalmente infectadas, tem sido descrito em vários países. Isso demonstra a importância das galinhas caipiras na epidemiologia desse parasita. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar genotipicamente isolados de T. gondii obtidos de galinhas caipiras naturalmente infectadas em uma área rural do município de Santa Maria, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Fragmentos de cérebro e de coração, de 12 galinhas soropositivas para T. gondii, foram processados pela técnica de digestão péptica para isolamento do parasita. Das 12 amostras submetidas a bioensaio com camundongos, nove isolados foram obtidos. A caracterização genotípica por RFLP-PCR foi realizada utilizando-se 11 marcadores genéticos: SAG1, 5'-3'SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 e Apico e revelou a presença de cinco genótipos atípicos de acordo com o ToxoDB (# 11, # 55, # 64, # 140 e # 163). Os resultados mostraram uma ampla diversidade genética de T. gondii em galinhas caipiras nessa região.

ABSTRACT Free-range chickens may ingest oocysts of T. gondii present in the environment and consequently harbor virulent strains of this parasite in different tissues, without any clinical signs. Isolation of T. gondii through bioassays on mice and cats from naturally infected chicken tissues has been described in several countries, demonstrating the importance of free-range chickens in the transmission of this parasite. The aim of this study was the genotypic characterization of T. gondii isolates obtained from naturally infected free-range chickens in a rural area of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Brain and heart tissue from 12 chickens seropositive for T. gondii were processed using peptic digestion technique for parasite isolation. From 12 samples subjected to mouse bioassay, nine isolates were obtained. RFLP-PCR genotypic characterization was performed using 11 genetic markers: SAG1, 5'-3'SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico. Genetic characterization of the isolates revealed the presence of five atypical genotypes according to ToxoDB (# 11, # 55, # 64, # 140 and # 163). Our results showed a wide genetic diversity of T. gondii in free-range chickens in this region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11732 806 downloads

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