Abstract Introduction Head and neck specialists and otorhinolaryngologists are greatly exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission in their everyday praxis. Many articles are being published regarding medical staff protection and patient management during the pandemic. Objective To provide an easy access to and a trustful review of the main aspects that have changed in the head and neck surgery and otorhinolaryngology practice due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data Synthesis The search terms used were: (head and neck or otorhinolaryngology or ORL or thyroid) AND (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-COV-2] or COVID-19 or CORONAVIRUS). The results were limited to the year of 2020. Articles were read in English, Portuguese, French, German, and Spanish or translated from Chinese. All included articles were read by at least two authors. Thirty-five articles were included. Most articles suggest postponing elective surgeries, with exception to cancer surgeries, which should be evaluated separately. Twenty-five articles recommended some kind of screening prior to surgery, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests and epidemiological data. Extra precautions, such as use of personal protective equipment (PPE), are suggested for both tracheostomies and endoscopies. Fifteen articles give recommendation on how to use telemedicine. Conclusion The use of PPE (N95 or powered air-purifying respirator [PAPR]) during procedures should be mandatory. Patients should be evaluated about their COVID-19 status before hospital admission. Cancer should be treated. Tracheostomy tube cuff should be inflated inside the tracheal incision. All COVID-19 precautions should be kept until there is a validated antiviral treatment or an available vaccine.

In order to evaluate the use of oilseeds in the diet of goat kids, two experiments were performed. Experimental treatments consisted of four different total mixed diets, all containing oat hay, ground corn, soybean meal and mineral supplement, and differing in oilseeds inclusion (dry matter basis), according to the treatments: 1) control (without oilseeds), 2) diet containing 7.87% flaxseed, 3) diet with 7.30% sunflower seed, and 4) diet containing 8.00% canola. In the first experiment (to evaluate the performance), 28 ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen castrated goat kids (22.66 kg to 30.88 kg BW) were allotted in a randomized design in feedlot. There was no difference between treatments for intake of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and ether extract, total weight gain, average daily gain, feed conversion or days in feedlot (61 days). In the second experiment (to evaluate the digestibility), four goats (47.42 ± 1.83 kg BW) were allotted in a 4 × 4 Latin square. The inclusion of sunflower seeds in the diet increased the intake of neutral detergent fiber. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrate and total digestible nutrients were not influenced by the addition of oilseeds in the diets. There was higher ether extract digestibility for goats receiving dietary canola. The inclusion of flaxseed (7.30%), sunflower (7.87%) and canola (8.00%) seeds in the diets of ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen goats does not improve performance, but can be used without changing intake, digestibility and energy value of diets.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da micropuntura com radiofrequência no tratamento dos pacientes portadores de ceratopatia bolhosa sintomática. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo em 10 pacientes com ceratopatia bolhosa sintomática e baixa acuidade visual. Micropunturas com radiofrequência foram realizadas em estroma anterior nas áreas com descompensação epitelial. A evolução dos pacientes foi realizada através de dados clínicos (biomicroscopia, paquimetria, tonometria e estesiometria) e graduação de sintomas (intensidade da dor, sensação de corpo estranho, fotofobia e insônia devido à dor). RESULTADOS: A comparação dos sintomas antes do tratamento e no pós-operatório apresentou redução da sensação de corpo estranho, da intensidade da dor e na insônia em mais de 90% dos pacientes. A medida da sensibilidade corneana pelo estesiômetro de Cocher Bonnet apresentou uma redução da sensibilidade, entre o pré tratamento e o pós de 1 semana, entre 0,5 a 2, em 5 pacientes . A comparação do pré-tratamento com o pós-tardio apresentou aumento na sensibilidade corneana em 07 pacientes variando de 0,5 a 2. A avaliação de espessura corneana através do exame de paquimetria ultra- sônica e a medida de pressão intraocular dos pacientes através do tonômetro de aplanação de Goldman não obtiveram diferenças significativas. CONCLUSÃO: A micropuntura com radiofrequência mostrou-se um tratamento válido no controle dos sintomas da ceratopatia bolhosa principalmente na redução de sintomas como dor e sensação de corpo estranho.

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effect of micro puncture with radiofrequency as treatment of symptomatic patients with bullous keratopathy. METHODS: Prospective study in 10 pacients with syntomatic bullous keratopathy and low vision. Micro puncture with radiofrequency was made in areas of the anterior stromal that had an epithelial descompensation. The evaluation of the patients was realized trough clinical examinations (biomicroscopy, pachymetry, tonometry and esthesiometry) and symptom graduation (pain intensity, foreign body sensation, photophobia and insomnia caused by pain). RESULTS: The comparisons of symptoms before treatment and weeks after procedure showed a decrease, in 90% of patients, of the pain, foreign body sensation and insomnia. The measure of corneal sensibility by the Cocher Bonnet esthesiometer presents a reduction in corneal sensibility, among before and after one week of treatment, between 0,5 to 2, in 5 patients. But several weeks after treatment, the corneal sensibility aggrandized in 7 patients, between 0,5 to 2. The corneal thickness evaluation using ultra sonic pachymeter and Goldman tonometer not find important differences. CONCLUSION: The micro puncture with radiofrequency is a valid treatment in order to reduce symptoms in bullous keratopathy.