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Resumen La neumonía sigue siendo una de las principales causas de consulta y de hospitalización a la que, además de su un alto impacto en términos de morbilidad y mortalidad, se suma la actual problemática de resistencia a los antimicrobianos, por lo que establecer directrices que permitan su adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento es de gran importancia para obtener mejores desenlaces clínicos y promover un uso racional de antibióticos en estos pacientes. La presente guía de práctica clínica (GPC) contiene recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en adultos, las cuales fueron realizadas mediante el proceso de adaptación de GPC basadas en la evidencia para el contexto colombiano.

Abstract Pneumonia continues to be one of the main causes of consultation and hospitalization to which, besides its high impact on morbidity and mortality, the current problem of antimicrobial resistance is added; thus, establishing guidelines that allow its adequate diagnosis and treatment is of great importance to obtain better clinical outcomes and promote a rational use of antibiotics in these patients. This clinical practice guideline (CPG) contains evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adult population; these recommendations were made by means of the process of adaptation of evidence-based CPGs for the Colombian context.

https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v70n2.93814.

Lepra lepromatosa nodular de diagnóstico tardío procedente de la Amazonía peruana, con el desarrollo de una reacción tipo 2
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Villegas-Chiroque, Miguel

; Maldonado-Gómez, Winston

; Espino-Saavedra, Walter

; Ventura-Flores, Roberto

Revista chilena de infectología

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oct 2021, Volume 38 N. 5 Pages 707 - 712

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Leprosy or Hansen’s disease is one of the classic neglected diseases that still persists in Peru. The infection is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The disease varies in a wide range of manifestations from tuberculoid (paucibacillary) to lepromatous (multibacillary) leprosy. We present the case of a 55-year-old man, farmer and wood extractor, from the Peruvian Amazon with old infiltrating cutaneous lesions on the face, neck, thorax, abdomen and extremities. The smear and biopsy examinations confirm the presence of acid-alcohol-resistant bacilli compatible with leprosy. It is concluded, with a long delay, it was a case of nodular lepromatous leprosy. He received therapy with rifampicin, dapsone and clofamizine for two years with slow progressive improvement; however, he presented an erythema nodosum leprosum (type 2 reaction) with response to corticosteroids and thalidomide.

Resumen La lepra o enfermedad de Hansen es una de las clásicas enfermedades olvidadas que aún persiste en Perú. La infección es ocasionada por Mycobacterium leprae. La enfermedad varía en un amplio rango de manifestaciones desde la lepra tuberculoide (paucibacilar) hasta la lepromatosa (multibacilar). Se presenta el caso de un varón de 55 años, agricultor y extractor de madera, procedente de la Amazonia peruana, con lesiones cutáneas antiguas infiltrantes en la cara, cuello, tórax, abdomen y extremidades. La baciloscopia y estudio histológico de una biopsia de piel confirmaron la presencia de bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes. Se concluyó, en forma tardía, que fue un caso de lepra lepromatosa nodular. Recibió terapia con rifampicina, dapsona y clofamizina por dos años con una lenta mejoría; no obstante, cursó con un eritema nodoso leproso (reacción tipo 2) con buena respuesta a corticoesteroides y talidomida.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182021000500707 68 downloads

The incidence, risk factors and impact of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients due to COVID-19
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Fernández, Pehuén

; Saad, Emanuel J.

; Douthat Barrionuevo, Augusto

; Marucco, Federico A.

; Heredia, María Celeste

; Tarditi Barra, Ayelén

; Rodriguez Bonazzi, Silvina T.

; Zlotogora, Melani

; Correa Barovero, María Antonella

; Villada, Sofía M.

; Maldonado, Juan Pablo

; Alaye, María Luján

; Caeiro, Juan Pablo

; Albertini, Ricardo A.

; De La Fuente, Jorge

; Douthat, Walter G.

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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aug 2021, Volume 81 N. 6 Pages 922 - 930

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is variable, being associated with worse outcomes. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the incidence, risk factors (considering demographic characteristics, comorbidities, initial clinical presentation and associated complications) and impact of AKI in subjects hospitalized for COVID-19 in two third-level hospitals in Córdoba, Argentina. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. We included 448 adults who were consecutively hospitalized for CO VID-19 between March 3 and October 31, 2020 and were followed throughout the hospitalization. The incidence of AKI was 19% (n = 85; stage I = 43, stage II = 17, and stage III = 25, 18 required renal replacement therapy). In the multivariate analysis, the variables that were independently associated with AKI were: age (for every 10 years, adjusted odd ratio [95%CI] = 1.30 [1.04-1.63], p = 0.022), history of chronic kidney disease -CKD- (9.92 [4.52-21.77], p < 0.001), blood neutrophil count at admission -BNCA- (for every increase of 1000 BNCA, 1.09 [1.01-1.18], p = 0.037) and requirement for mechanical ventilation -MV- (6.69 [2.24-19.90], p = 0.001). AKI was associated with longer hospitalization, higher admission (63.5 vs. 29.7%; p < 0.001) and longer stay in the intensive care unit, a positive association with respiratory bacterial superinfection, sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, MV requirement and mortality (mortality without AK I = 12.4% vs with AKI = 47.1%; stage I = 26%, stage II = 41% and stage III = 88%; p < 0.001). AKI was independently associated with higher mortality (3.32 [1.6-6.9], p = 0.001). In conclusion, the incidence of AKI in adults hospitalized for COVID-19 was 19% and had a clear impact on morbidity and mortality. The independent risk factors for AKI were: Age, CKD, BNCA and MV.

Resumen Los objetivos del estudio fueron evaluar la incidencia, los factores de riesgo (consi derando características demográficas, comorbilidades, presentación clínica inicial y complicaciones asociadas) y el impacto de la lesión renal aguda -LRA- en sujetos hospitalizados por COVID-19 en dos instituciones de alta complejidad de Córdoba, Argentina. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Se incluyeron 448 adul tos que fueron hospitalizados por COVID-19 entre el 3 de marzo y el 31 de octubre del 2020 con seguimiento durante toda la hospitalización. La incidencia de LRA fue 19% (estadio I = 43, estadio II = 17 y estadío III = 25, 18 requirieron diálisis). Las variables que se asociaron de manera independiente con el LRA fueron: edad (por cada 10 años, odd ratio ajustado [IC95%] = 1.30 [1.04-1.63], p = 0.022), enfermedad renal crónica -ERC- (9.92 [4.52-21.77], p < 0.001), recuento de neutrófilos sanguíneos al ingreso -NSI- (por cada incremento de 1000 NSI, 1.09 [1.01-1.18], p = 0.037) y asistencia respiratoria mecánica -ARM- (6.69 [2.24-19.90], p = 0.001). Los sujetos con LRA presentaron una internación más prolongada, mayor requerimiento (63.5 vs. 29.7%; p < 0.001) y estadía más prolongada en unidad de cuidados intensivos, una asociación positiva con sobreinfección respi ratoria bacteriana, sepsis, síndrome de distrés respiratorio, requerimiento de ARM y mortalidad (mortalidad sin LRA 12.4% vs. con LRA 47.1%; estadio I = 26%, estadio II = 41% y estadio III = 88%; p < 0.001). LRA se asoció de manera independiente a mayor mortalidad (3.3 [1.6-6.9], p = 0.001). En conclusión, la incidencia de LRA en adultos hospitalizados por COVID-19 fue del 19% y tuvo un claro impacto en la morbi-mortalidad. Los factores de riesgo independientes de LRA fueron: edad, ERC, NSI y ARM.

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Short-term and oncological outcomes in laparoscopic colectomy in colon cancer stage I-III with 3-year follow-up
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Olguín-Joseau, Santiago

; Jaime, N.

; Salinas, Walter

; Chamorro, María Luz

; Signorini, Franco

; Maldonado, Pablo

; Obeide, Lucio R.

; Rossini, Alejandro M.

Cirugía y cirujanos

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jun 2020, Volume 88 N. 3 Pages 314 - 320

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Laparoscopic colectomy (LC) presents similar short-term results and oncological outcomes to conventional colectomy (CC) in colon cancer. Objectives: Compare short-term and oncological outcomes at 3-year follow up between LC and CC. Materials and methods: Patients who underwent LC and CC for colon cancer between January 2010 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Short-term results and oncological outcomes were studied. Results: Two hundred sixty-nine patients were included in the study. CC was performed in 37.5% and LC in 62.5%. LC presented shorter operative time (157 vs. 175 min, p = 0.01), shorter length of stay (8.4 vs. 10.5 days, p = 0.02), lees readmission (6% vs. 15%, p = 0.02), and lower morbidity (40% vs. 56%, p = 0.01). No differences were found for overall survival (OAS) (LC = 87.1% vs. CC = 82.8%, p = 0.28) and disease-free survival (DFS) (LC = 78.2% vs. CC = 75.3%, p = 0.47). Recurrence was observed in 37 patients (LC = 16.1% vs. CC = 18.3%, p = 0.53). No differences were found for local recurrence (LC = 6.5% vs. CC = 8.6%, p = 0.49) and distant recurrence (LC = 12.1% vs. CC = 16.1%, p = 0.3). Stage analysis showed no difference for recurrence, OAS, and DFS. Conclusions: LC is a safe procedure with short-term outcomes, OAS, DFS, and recurrence similar to CC. LC should be the initial indication in non-metastatic colon cancer in our population.

Resumen Antecedentes: La colectomía laparoscópica (CL) presenta resultados a corto plazo y oncológicos similares a los de la colectomía convencional (CC) en cáncer de colon. Objetivo: Comparar los resultados a corto plazo y oncológicos a 3 años de seguimiento entre la CL y la CC. Material y métodos: Pacientes intervenidos de CL y CC por cáncer de colon entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2017. Se estudiaron los resultados a corto plazo y oncológicos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 269 pacientes (62.5% CL y 37.5% CC). La CL presentó menor tiempo quirúrgico (157 vs. 175 min; p = 0.01), menor estadía hospitalaria (8.4 vs. 10.5 días; p = 0.02), menor reinternación (6% vs. 15%; p = 0.02) y menor morbilidad (40 vs. 56%; p = 0.01). No se observan diferencias para sobrevida global (87.1% CL y 82.8% CC; p = 0.28) y sobrevida libre de enfermedad (78.2% CL y 75.3% CC; p = 0.47). Hubo recidiva en 37 pacientes (16.1% CL y 18.3% CC; p = 0.53). No se encontraron diferencias en recidiva local (6.5% CL y 8.6% CC; p = 0.49), a distancia (12.1% CL y 16.1% CC; p = 0.3), al dividir la recidiva, la sobrevida global y la sobrevida libre de enfermedad por estadios. Conclusiones: La CL es un procedimiento seguro, con una sobrevida global, una sobrevida libre de enfermedad y una tasa de recidiva similares a las de la CC. La CL debería ser la indicación inicial en el cáncer de colon no metastásico en nuestra población.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.19001353 4 downloads

Angiostrongylus minasensis n. sp.: new species found parasitizing coatis (Nasua nasua) in an urban protected area in Brazil
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Almeida, Lara Ribeiro de

; Souza, Joyce Gonçalves Rosário de

; Santos, Hudson Andrade

; Torres, Eduardo José Lopes

; Vilela, Roberto do Val

; Cruz, Olívia Monique Soares

; Rodrigues, Leonardo

; Pereira, Cíntia Aparecida de Jesus

; Maldonado Junior, Arnaldo

; Lima, Walter dos Santos

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2020, Volume 29 N. 1 elocation e018119

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Existem 21 espécies de Angiostrongylus que parasitam as artérias pulmonares ou mesentéricas de roedores silvestres e domésticos, felídeos, canídeos e homem. Espécies de Angiostrongylus têm uma distribuição cosmopolita que abrange regiões tropicais, subtropicais e temperadas. O procionídeo Nasua nasua (quati) é hospedeiro de vários parasitos que podem ser prejudiciais para suas populações ou conter agentes etiológicos com potencial zoonótico. Nas áreas urbanas, os quatis podem ser encontrados em estreita associação com seres humanos e animais domésticos. Nós caracterizamos morfológica e molecularmente uma nova espécie de Angiostrongylus encontrada em N. nasua de uma área protegida na cidade de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. A nova espécie de Angiostrongylus difere de outras espécies do mesmo gênero pelo comprimento e nível de bifurcação dos raios lateral e ventral, o comprimento dos espículos e a morfologia da cauda da fêmea. Resultados moleculares e filogenéticos baseados no gene mitocondrial citocromo c oxidase subunidade 1 indicam que a espécie recém-identificada pertence a uma linhagem genética separada de outras espécies de Angiostrongylus. O presente relato descreve uma nova espécie de Angistrongylus coletada das artérias mesentéricas de N. nasua, denominada Angiostrongylus minasensis n. sp..

Abstract Currently, there are 21 species of Angiostrongylus that parasitize the pulmonary or mesenteric arteries of wild and domestic rodents, felids, canids and human. Species of Angiostrongylus have cosmopolitan distribution covering tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. The procyonid Nasua nasua (coati) is a reservoir host for a wide variety of parasites that may be harmful to its populations or may contain etiological agents with zoonotic potential. In urban areas, coatis are usually found in close association with humans and domestic animals. We morphologically and molecularly characterized a new species of Angiostrongylus found in N. nasua in a protected area within Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The new species of Angiostrongylus differs from other species of the same genus in terms of the length and bifurcation level of the lateral and ventral rays, the length of spicules and female tail morphology. Molecular phylogenetic results based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene suggest that the newly identified species belongs to a genetic lineage that is separate from other species of Angiostrongylus. This new species was collected from the mesenteric arteries of N. nasua. It was named Angiostrongylus minasensis n. sp..

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019103 947 downloads

Resistance of lettuce downy mildew’s differential cultivars to root-knot nematodes
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Vidal, Roberta L.

; Soares, Renato S.

; Kobayashi, Bruna F.

; Franco, Carolina A.

; Marin, Marcus V.

; Soares, Pedro L.M.

; Maldonado-Junior, Walter

; Braz, Leila T.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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jun 2019, Volume 79 N. 2 Pages 174 - 180

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Due to the harmful potential and existence of numerous races of lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae Regel), several countries carry out the monitoring of these races through the use of differential cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) The identification of resistance to other important diseases in these cultivars would be of great value for the lettuce’s breeding, allowing the simultaneous selection for diseases. Among soil pathogens, the most important are the root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) due their damage and difficulty of control. Thus, the present work evaluated the resistance of these differential cultivars (C-Set) against the two most important nematode species for the crop, M. javanica and M. incognita. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with eight replicates and initial population of 1000 eggs and juveniles. The evaluations were performed by the criteria of reproduction factor and reproduction index, 75 d after inoculation. Data were submitted to ANOVA and averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test (p < 0.05). All cultivars are considered susceptible to M. incognita by the reproduction factor, ‘Argelès’, ‘Bedford’, ‘Design’ and ‘Grand Rapids’ are considered as slightly resistant by the reproduction index. However, to M. javanica ‘Argelès’, ‘Kibrille’, ‘Balesta’, ‘Colorado’, ‘Design’, ‘Bartoli’, and ‘NunDm15’ are classified as resistant by the reproduction factor and very resistant by the reproduction index, and can be used as resistance source for simultaneous selection to downy mildew and this species of nematode.

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Research on heart failure in Colombia 1980-2015: a systematic review
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Diaztagle-Fernández, Juan José

; Latorre-Alfonso, Sergio Iván

; Maldonado-Arenas, Sebastián Eduardo

; Manosalva-Álvarez, Gina Paola

; Merchán-Cepeda, Johan Sebastián

; Centeno-García, Carlos David

; Guarín-Castañeda, Angie Paola

; Chaves-Santiago, Walter Gabriel

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

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jun 2018, Volume 66 N. 2 Pages 139 - 151

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. La falla cardíaca es una de las enfermedades con mayor prevalencia a nivel mundial. En Colombia no se conoce con certeza el estado de la investigación en torno al tema. Objetivo. Describir las publicaciones originales en falla cardíaca en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Revisión sistemática. Búsqueda electrónica en Embase, PubMed, LILACS Y SciELO, con términos MeSH: "heart failure", "colombian", "Colombia", "Latin America", "developing countries". Búsqueda manual en 58 revistas identificadas en Publindex. Se incluyeron investigaciones originales, publicadas entre 1980 y 2015, que evaluaron población adulta colombiana con falla cardíaca. Resultados. Se identificaron 2 684 artículos: 35 cumplieron criterios de inclusión; 30 (85.7%) fueron publicados a partir del 2009; 30 (85.7%) se realizaron en Bogotá y Medellín; 11 (31.4%) tuvieron n>200; 19 (54.2%) fueron descriptivos y 5 (14.2%) cuasiexperimentales; 9 (25.7%) describieron poblaciones generales; 9 (25.7%) abordaron el tema del autocuidado, 3 (8.8%), la rehabilitación cardíaca, 3 (8.8%), la percepción de enfermedad y 3 (8.8%), los factores pronósticos. Conclusión. El número de investigaciones originales publicadas sobre falla cardíaca es escaso; la mayoría se realizó en los últimos años. El diseño descriptivo fue el más común. Los temas abordados con mayor frecuencia fueron el autocuidado y las descripciones poblacionales.

Abstract Introduction: Heart failure is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. In Colombia, the state of research on the subject is unknown. Objective: To describe the original publications on heart failure in Colombia. Materials and methods: Systematic review. Digital search in Embase, PubMed, LILACS and Scielo, using the MeSH terms: "heart failure", "Colombian", "Colombia", "Latin America", "developing countries". Manual search of 58 journals identified in Publindex. Original research that evaluated adult Colombians with heart failure and published between 1980 and 2015 were included. Results: 2 684 articles were identified, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria. 30 (85.7%) were published since 2009, 30 (85.7%) were conducted in Bogotá and Medellín, 11 (31.4%) had n>200, 19 (54.2%) were descriptive and 5 (14.2%) quasi-experimental. Moreover, 9 (25.7%) described general populations, 9 (25.7%) addressed the issue of self-care, 3 (8.8%) cardiac rehabilitation, 3 (8.8%) perception of the disease and 3 (8.8%) prognostic factors. Conclusions: The amount of published original research on heart failure is low, and most of them were carried out recently. Descriptive design was the most frequent, while the most frequently addressed topics were self-care and population descriptions.

https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v66n2.60005 731 downloads

Phosphorus fertilization in sugarcane cultivation under different soil managements
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Sousa Junior, Paulo R. de

; Brunharo, Caio A. C. G.

; Furlani, Carlos E. A.

; Prado, Renato de M.

; Maldonado Júnior, Walter

; Zerbato, Cristiano

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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oct 2017, Volume 21 N. 10 Pages 665 - 669

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O preparo do solo realizado concomitantemente com sua fertilização química é a etapa mais importante na instalação de um canavial, visto que proporciona melhores condições para o desenvolvimento da cultura e incrementos na produtividade. Assim, objetivou-se, no presente trabalho, avaliar a resposta da cana-de-açúcar à aplicação de diferentes doses de fosfóro e sua localização, associados ao preparo convencional e ao cultivo mínimo do solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, sendo o tratamento principal o manejo de solo (preparo convencional e cultivo mínimo), o tratamento secundário as doses em área total, e o tratamento terciário as doses de P2O5 nos sulcos. Foram avaliados parâmetros químicos do solo, produtividade de colmos e açúcar. O cultivo mínimo proporcionou maior acúmulo de fósforo e maior percentual de saturação por bases na camada superficial do solo, enquanto que a maior dose de fósforo em área total gerou redução na produção de açúcar.

ABSTRACT Soil preparation along with its chemical adjustment is the most important step in sugarcane plantation, especially because it provides proper conditions for plant development. The objective of the present research was to evaluate sugarcane response to the application of different phosphorus doses and their location, associated with both minimum soil tillage and conventional soil tillage. The experiment was conducted in a split-split-plot randomized block design, where the main plots were subjected to soil managements (minimum soil tillage or conventional soil tillage), the subplots to phosphorus doses in total area, and the sub-sub-plots to phosphorus doses in the crop rows. The evaluated variables were soil chemical parameters, sugarcane production and sugar production. Minimum tillage led to larger phosphorus accumulation and higher percentage of exchangeable bases in the soil, whereas the highest P dose in total area in the crop rows led to reduction of sugar production.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n10p665-669 1155 downloads

Pathogenicity of Aspergillus westerdijkiae to females and oothecae of Periplaneta Americana
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Baggio, Mariah Valente

; Ferreira, Marcelo da Costa

; Monteiro, Antonio Carlos

; Maldonado Junior, Walter

; Lemos, Manoel Victor Franco

Ciência Rural

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jan 2016, Volume 46 N. 1 Pages 20 - 25

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O controle de baratas realizado através da aplicação de inseticidas químicos exerce alta pressão seletiva sobre as populações e introduz substâncias sintéticas no ambiente, motivando a procura por outros métodos de controle, como os fungos entomopatogênicos. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram investigar a patogenicidade do isolado JAB 42 de Aspergillus westerdijkiae a fêmeas e ootecas de Periplaneta americana e demonstrar o mecanismo de ação sobre ootecas. Suspensões contendo 106 a 108 conídios/mL do isolado foram usadas para infectar fêmeas e ootecas. A ação do fungo foi analisada pela mortalidade e outras variáveis, e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura. O isolado JAB 42 de A. westerdijkiae é patogênico a ootecas de P. americana, tendo baixa capacidade de matar fêmeas. Foi observada a adesão, germinação, penetração e extrusão do fungo sobre ootecas da barata.

ABSTRACT: Cockroach control is performed by the application of chemical insecticides which exert high selective pressure on populations and introduces synthetic substances in the environment, motivating the search for other methods of control such as entomopathogenic fungi. The objectives of this study were to investigate the pathogenicity of the JAB 42 Aspergillus westerdijkiae to females and oothecae of Periplaneta americana and to demonstrate its mechanism of action on oothecae. Suspensions containing 106 to 108 conidia/ml were used to infect females and oothecae. Mortality and other variables such as scanning electron microscopy were used to demonstrate the mechanism of action of the fungus. The isolated JAB 42 A. westerdijkiae is pathogenic to oothecae of P. americana, with low capacity to kill females. Adhesion, germination, penetration and extrusion of the fungus on the cockroach oothecae were observed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20141856 2572 downloads

10.

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING OF Brevipalpus phoenicis IN CITRUS
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MALDONADO JR, WALTER

; BARBOSA, JOSÉ CARLOS

; COSTA, MARÍLIA GREGOLIN

; GONÇALVES, PAULO CÉSAR TIBURCIO

; SANTOS, TIAGO ROBERTO DOS

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura

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2016, Volume 38 N. 4 elocation e-085

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Dentre as pragas dos citros, uma das mais importantes é o ácaro da leprose Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), que transmite o vírus da leprose dos citros (CiLV-C). Quando um plano racional de controle de pragas é adotado, é importante se determinar o tempo correto para se dar início ao plano de controle. Para tanto, é necessário acompanhamento constante da cultura através de amostragens periódicas, onde o conhecimento do comportamento espacial da praga é fundamental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o padrão de distribuição espacial e desenvolver um plano de amostragem sequencial para a praga. Os dados utilizados foram coletados em dois talhões de laranja Valência em uma fazenda no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, por 40 inspetores treinados para a atividade. Foram calculados os seguintes índices de agregação: variância/média, índice de Morisita, coeficiente de Green e parâmetro k da distribuição binomial negativa. Foi testado o ajuste dos dados às distribuições de Poisson e binomial negativa utilizando o teste de quiquadrado de aderência. O plano de amostragem foi desenvolvido utilizando o Teste Sequencial da Razão de Verossimilhança de Wald e validado através de simulações. Foi concluído que a distribuição espacial de B. phoenicis é agregada, seu comportamento espacial pode ser explicado e previsto através da distribuição binomial negativa e foi construído e validado um plano de amostragem sequencial para a tomada de decisão sobre seu controle.

ABSTRACT Among the pests of citrus, one of the most important is the red and black flat mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), which transmits the Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C).When a rational pest control plan is adopted, it is important to determine the correct timing for carrying out the control plan. Making this decision demands constant follow-up of the culture through periodic sampling where knowledge about the spatial distribution of the pest is a fundamental part to improve sampling and control decisions. The objective of this work was to study the spatial distribution pattern and build a sequential sampling plan for the pest. The data used were gathered from two blocks of Valencia sweet orange on a farm in São Paulo State, Brazil, by 40 inspectors trained for the data collection. The following aggregation indices were calculated: variance/ mean ratio, Morisita index, Green’s coefficient, and k parameter of the negative binomial distribution. The data were tested for fit with Poisson and negative binomial distributions using the chi-square goodness of fit test. The sequential sampling was developed using Wald’s Sequential Probability Ratio Test and validated through simulations. We concluded that the spatial distribution of B. phoenicis is aggregated, its behavior best fitted to the negative binomial distribution and we built and validated a sequential sampling plan for control decision-making.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452016085 1505 downloads

11.

Evaluación de tres métodos para la detección de la sensibilidad in vitro de especies de Candida a los antifúngicos
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Maldonado, Ivana

; Fernández Canigia, Liliana

; Vivot, Walter

; Domecq, Patricia

; Davel, Graciela

; Córdoba, Susana

Revista argentina de microbiología

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jun 2011, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 120 - 126

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Reference methods E.Def 7.1 and M27-A3 detect in vitro resistance; however, they are expensive and very laborious. Thus, their actual use in hospital laboratories is limited. There are commercial techniques available, having easier accessibility and development, which would yield results comparable to those of the reference methods. The objectives of this study were: a) to compare the results of minimal inhibitory concentration of 82 Candida spp. clinic isolates according to reference method E.Def 7.1 and ATB® Fungus 3; b) to compare the results of fluconazole susceptibility testing by disk diffusion in agar with Neo-SensitabsTM tablets and Malbrán disks with those of the reference methods. Minimal inhibitory concentration for amphotericin B, 5-flucytosine, fluconazole and itraconazole was performed according to the E.Def 7.1 and the ATB Fungus 3 methods and diffusion was carried out with fluconazole disks and tablets. General concordance between the reference method and ATB Fungus 3 was 90.2 % and 96.3 and 92.7% for diffusion with disks and tablets. The ATB Fungus 3 method was effective to determine susceptibility against amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine; however, discrepancies were observed with azole drugs. Disk diffusion methods are useful to determine susceptibility to fluconazole; however, 3 very major, 1 major and 2 minor errors were observed with the tablets, whereas only 3 minor errors were observed with the disks.

Los métodos de referencia E. Def 7.1 y M27-A3, que detectan resistencia in vitro a los antifúngicos, son onerosos y muy laboriosos, por lo que su implementación en los laboratorios hospitalarios es limitada. Existen técnicas comerciales de simple realización, que permitirían obtener resultados comparables a los que se obtienen con los métodos estándares. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron: a) comparar los resultados de concentración inhibitoria mínima obtenidos según el método de referencia E.Def 7.1 con los obtenidos mediante el empleo del equipo comercial ATB® Fungus 3 en un conjunto de 82 aislamientos clínicos de Candida spp. frente a los siguientes antifúngicos: anfotericina B, 5-fluorocitosina, fluconazol e itraconazol; b) comparar en ese mismo conjunto de aislamientos los resultados del estudio de sensibilidad al fluconazol por difusión en agar empleando tabletas Neo-SensitabsTM o discos Malbrán con los que se obtienen por el método de referencia. La concordancia general entre el método de referencia y el ATB® Fungus 3 fue del 90,2 %, mientras que la concordancia del método de referencia con los métodos por difusión con discos y con tabletas alcanzó el 96,3% y el 92,7 %, respectivamente. El ATB® Fungus 3 fue eficaz para determinar la sensibilidad a la anfotericina B y a la 5-fluorocitosina, pero se observaron discrepancias al evaluar la sensibilidad a los azoles. Los métodos por difusión resultaron útiles para determinar la sensibilidad al fluconazol; sin embargo, observamos 3 discrepancias muy mayores, 1 mayor y 2 menores con el método de difusión con tabletas, mientras que con los discos solo se produjeron 3 discrepancias menores.

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12.

CORRELACIÓN ENTRE WORLD REFERENCE BASE Y SOIL TAXONOMY PARA LOS SUELOS DE LA VII REGIÓN DEL MAULE DE CHILE
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Casanova P, Manuel

; Luzio L, Walter

; Maldonado R, Rodrigo

Revista de la ciencia del suelo y nutrición vegetal

Journal Metrics
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2007, Volume 7 N. 2 Pages 14 - 21

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

A soil correlation between World Reference Base (WRB) and Soil Taxonomy (ST), for soils from the 'Region del Maule' (Chile) was carried out. Eleven Reference Soil Groups defined by WRB were identified: Lixisols (499,965 ha), Durisols (62,539 ha), Umbrisols (62,387 ha), Phaeozems (52,823 ha), Cambisols (46,982 ha), Andosols (45,645 ha), Regosols (13,701 ha), Fluvisols (6,908 ha), Luvisols (6,132 ha), Planosols (4,606 ha) and Vertisols (640 ha). These soils were located mainly in the Central Valley (Graben Central) of Chile. Andosols were described towards the Andean Mountains and Lixisols mainly towards the Coastal Cordillera. Lixisols and Alfisols, Umbrisols, Cambisols and Inceptisols, Phaeozems and Mollisols, and finally Andosols and Andisols were described as the best soil correlated Reference Soil Groups and Soil Order. Durisols and the remaining Reference Soil Groups did not show any defined correlation towards any Soil Order

Se realizó una correlación entre World Referente Base (WRB) y Soil Taxonomy (ST), para los suelos de la VII Región del Maule de Chile. Once Grupos de Suelos de Referencia definidos por WRB fueron identificados: Lixisols (499.965 ha), Durisols (62.539 ha). Umbrisols (62.387 ha), Phaeozems (52.823 ha), Cambisols (46.982 ha), Andosols (45.645 ha), Regosols (13.701 ha), Fluvisols (6.908 ha), Luvisols (6.132 ha), Planosols (4.606 ha) y Vertisols (640 ha). Estos suelos fueron localizados principalmente en la Depresión Intermedia (Graben Central) de Chile. Los Andosols se describieron hacia la Cordillera de los Andes y los Luxisols principalmente hacia la Cordillera de la Costa. Las correlaciones más estrechas se observaron entre Lixisols y Alfisols, Umbrisols, Cambisols e Inceptisols, Phaeozems y Mollisols, y finalmente entre Andosols y Andisols. Los Durisols y los restantes Grupos de Suelos de Referencia no mostraron una correlación definida hacia algún Orden de Suelos

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