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Abstract Introduction: In Mexico, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an interdisciplinary intervention with therapeutic impact in patients with heart disease is growing. There is the need to know actual conditions of CR in our country. Objectives: The objective of this National Registry is to follow-up those existing and new CR units in Mexico through the comparison between the two previous registries, RENAPREC-2009 and RENAPREC II-2015 studies. This is a descriptive study focused on diverse CR activities such as assistance training, and certification of health professionals, barriers, reference, population attended, interdisciplinarity, permanence over time, growth prospects, regulations, post-pandemic condition, integrative characteristics, and scientific research. Results: Data were collected from 45 CR centers in the 32 states, 75.5% are private practice units, 67% are new, 33% were part of RENAPREC II-2015, and 17 have continued since 2009. With a better distribution of CR units along the territory, the median reference of candidates for CR programs is 9% with a significant reduction into tiempo of enrollment to Phase II admission (19 ± 11 days). Regarding to previous registries, the coverance of Phases I, II, and III is 71%, 100%, and 93%, respectively; and a coverance increases in evaluation, risk stratification, and prescription, more comprehensive attendance and prevention strategies. Conclusions: CR in Mexico has grown in the past 7 years. Even there is still low reference and heterogeneity in specific processes, there are strengths such as interdisciplinarity, scientific professionalization of specialists, national diversification, and an official society that are consolidated over time.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000235

A new species of Nama (Namaceae) from the Vizcaino Desert, Mexico
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León de la Luz, José Luis

; Rebman, Jon P.

; Medel Narváez, Alfonso

Botanical Sciences

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sep 2023, Volume 101 N. 3 Pages 939 - 948

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: Aunque la mayoría de los taxones de Nama habitan en sustratos arenosos, ninguno de ellos parece ser exclusivo del ambiente de dunas costeras. Se encontró una pequeña población de un taxón de aspecto único en la costa del Pacífico peninsular, que aquí se presenta como una nueva especie. Pregunta y/o Hipótesis: En el análisis morfológico de los individuos de un supuesto nuevo taxón, se distinguen algunas particularidades, tales como una forma sufrutescente de herbácea perenne con ramas erectas y compactas, semejando una pequeña almohadilla, a diferencia del resto de especies conocidas, que son más bien formas procumbentes o erectas. Tiene además hojas revolutas. Especie de Estudio: Nama asuncionensis sp. nov. (Namaceae) y especies morfológicamente similares. Sitio de Estudio: Costa Pacífica Central de la Península de Baja California, México. Método: A través de bibliografía, revisión de ejemplares de herbario y fotografías, se realizó un análisis morfológico comparativo con otros taxones reconocidos que habitan en la Península de Baja California y México continental. Resultados: Basándose en los análisis comparativos, Nama asuncionensis se presenta e ilustra aquí como una nueva especie. Conclusiones: Nama asuncionensis es una especie microendémica restringida al entorno costero del Pacífico peninsular. Proponemos que este nuevo taxón se incluya en la sección Eunama del género basándonos en sus características morfológicas, que incluyen una cápsula loculicida membranosa dehiscente, estilos libres y sépalos divididos hasta la base. Este taxón parece estar limitado a una estrecha franja costera, con alta humedad relativa, donde desarrolla sus hojas y flores durante la estación benigna.

Abstract Background: Although most of the Nama taxa grow on sandy substrates, none of them is restricted to the coastal dune environment. A small population of a unique looking taxon was found on the Pacific coast of the Baja California peninsula, which is here presented as a new species. Question and/or Hypothesis: In the morphological analysis in the individuals of a putative new taxon, some peculiarities stand out, such as a suffruticose herbaceous perennial growth form with erect and compact branching, featuring a small cushion, unlike the rest of the known species, which are rather procumbent, or erect in form. It also has revolute leaf margins in the blade. Studied Species: Nama asuncionensis sp. nov. (Namaceae) and morphologically similar species. Study Site: Central Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico. Method: Through bibliographic consultation, review of herbarium specimens, and photographs, a comparative morphological analysis was carried out with other Nama species of the peninsula and mainland Mexico. Results: Based on the comparative analyses, Nama asuncionensis is here presented and illustrated as a new species. Conclusions: Nama asuncionensis is a micro-endemic species restricted to the Pacific coastal environment of the peninsula. We propose that this new taxon be included in the Eunama section of the genus based on its morphological characteristics, including a membranous loculicidal dehiscent capsule, free styles, and sepals divided to the base. This taxon seems to be limited to a narrow coastal strip, with high relative humidity, where it develops its fresh leaves and flowers during the mild season.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3271

Physiological responses to long fasting followed by refeeding in juveniles of pirapitinga, Piaractus brachypomus
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PORTO, Lívia de Assis

; ASSIS, Yhago Patricky Antunes Souza

; AMORIM, Matheus Philip Santos

; LUZ, Ronald Kennedy

; FAVERO, Gisele Cristina

Acta Amazonica

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sep 2023, Volume 53 N. 3 Pages 187 - 195

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT For many fish species, prolonged fasting is part of their life cycle, as there are seasonal fluctuations in the quantity and quality of food available in their natural habitat. These animals use endogenous reserves during periods of food scarcity and recover when resources become available again. We evaluated the effect of a prolonged fasting period on indicators of body reserve use, growth performance and intestinal integrity of the Amazonian serrasalmid Piaractus brachypomus. We distributed 66 juveniles (68.6 ± 2.2 g) in 11 tanks. The treatment consisted of 30 days fasting followed by 45 days refeeding and the control of 75 days normal feeding with 5 replicates (one tank with six fish). The six individuals in the 11th tank were used for baseline measurements. Blood parameters, muscle lipid concentration, hepatosomatic and mesenteric fat indices, somatic growth parameters and intestinal villi morphology were measured every 15 days. Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, the mesenteric fat and hepatosomatic indices, weight gain, specific growth rate, condition factor and total biomass decreased significantly during fasting compared to the control, but all except body condition recovered during refeeding. The length and perimeter of the intestinal villi was significantly lower during fasting compared to the control. The feeding protocol allowed P. brachypomus to mobilize part of their body reserves during fasting, however, in general, refeeding was sufficient to restore their body needs and growth performance compatible with that of continuously fed animals.

RESUMO Muitas espécies de peixe suportam jejum prolongado como parte do seu ciclo de vida, devido a flutuações na quantidade e qualidade de alimentos disponíveis em seu habitat natural. Esses animais utilizam reservas endógenas durante períodos de escassez de alimentos e se recuperam quando voltam a estar disponíveis. Avaliamos o efeito de jejum prolongado sobre indicadores de uso de reservas corporais, desempenho e integridade intestinal no serrasalmídeo amazônico Piaractus brachypomus. Distribuímos 66 juvenis (68,6 ± 2,2 g) em 11 tanques. O tratamento consistiu em 30 dias de jejum seguidos de 45 dias de realimentação, e o controle de 75 dias de alimentação contínua, com 5 repetições (um tanque com seis peixes). Os seis indivíduos do 11º tanque foram usados para medidas basais. Parâmetros sanguíneos, concentração de lipídios musculares, índices de gordura hepatossomática e mesentérica, parâmetros de crescimento somático e morfologia das vilosidades intestinais foram medidos a cada 15 dias. Glicose, triglicerídeos, colesterol, proteína total, índices hepatossomático e de gordura mesentérica, ganho em peso, taxa de crescimento específico, fator de condição e biomassa total diminuíram significativamente durante o jejum em comparação com o controle, mas todos, exceto a condição corporal, recuperaram-se durante a realimentação. O comprimento e o perímetro das vilosidades intestinais foram significativamente menores durante o jejum em comparação com o controle. O protocolo de alimentação permitiu que P. brachypomus mobilizasse parte de suas reservas corporais durante o jejum, porém, em geral, a realimentação foi suficiente para repor suas necessidades corporais e o desempenho compatível com o de animais alimentados continuamente.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202203111

Economic indicators for cowpea cultivation under different irrigation depths
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Carvalho, Erika de O. T. de

; Costa, Deborah L. P.

; Luz, Denilson B. da

; Rua, Matheus L.

; Velame, Maria de L. A.

; Monteiro, Adrielle C.

; Vieira, Igor C. de O.

; Pinto, João V. de N.

; Fernandes, Gabriel S. T.

; Nunes, Hildo G. G. C.

; Souza, Paulo J. de O. P. de

; Santos, Marcos A. S. dos

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2023, Volume 27 N. 8 Pages 618 - 624

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Cowpeas are of high socioeconomic importance in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, whereby the search for alternatives that offer increased productivity with financial returns has become an important challenge. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate and evaluate the economic indicators of cowpea production in 2015 and 2016 when applying drip irrigation to different depths. Irrigation treatments were based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The experiment was laid in a randomized complete blocks design with four treatments (0, 25, 50, and 100% ETc) and six replications. For economic analysis, the results were extrapolated to an area of one hectare. Productivity in 2015 was lower than that in 2016; however, in all treatments, it was always higher when plants were grown under adequate water supply. In both years, the total operating costs were higher under irrigation than under rainfed conditions. The 100% ETc treatment resulted in a greater number of cowpea bags (60 kg) produced and a higher gross revenue than the rainfed treatment by 17 bags ha-1, equivalent to 1,020 kg ha-1 (gross revenue US$ 711.48) and 16 bags ha-1, equivalent to 960 kg ha-1 (gross revenue US$ 867.12), in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Water deficit limited cowpea yield in both years but made cultivation economically unfeasible only in 2015.

RESUMO O feijão-caupi apresenta grande importância socioeconômica nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, sendo que a busca por alternativas que ofereçam aumento de produtividade com retorno financeiro tem se tornado um importante desafio. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar e avaliar os indicadores econômicos da produção de feijão-caupi nos anos de 2015 e 2016 quando da aplicação de irrigação por gotejamento em diferentes lâminas. Os tratamentos de irrigação foram baseados na evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc). O experimento foi instalado em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos (0, 25, 50 e 100% da ETc) e seis repetições. Para análise econômica, os resultados foram extrapolados para uma área de um hectare. A produtividade em 2015 foi inferior à de 2016; porém, em todos os tratamentos, a produtividade foi sempre maior quando as plantas foram cultivadas sob irrigação adequada. Em ambos os anos, os custos operacionais totais foram maiores sob irrigação do que sob condições de sequeiro. O tratamento 100% ETc resultou em maior número de sacas de feijão-caupi (60 kg) produzidas e receita bruta superior ao tratamento de sequeiro em 17 sacas ha-1, equivalente a 1.020 kg ha-1 (receita bruta US$ 711,48) e 16 sacas ha-1, equivalente a 960 kg ha-1 (receita bruta US$ 867,12), em 2015 e 2016, respectivamente. A deficiência hídrica limitou a produtividade do feijão-caupi nos dois anos, mas inviabilizou economicamente o cultivo apenas em 2015.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n8p618-624

Silver Tungstate Obtained via Successive Seed Crystal Growth: Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Photocatalytic Properties
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Santos, Germano P.

; Silva, Francisco C. M.

; Cruz-Filho, João F.

; Luz, Roberto A. S.

; Luz Jr., Geraldo E.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2023, Volume 34 N. 7 Pages 992 - 1002

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Synthesis routes and parameters such as synthesis time, precursor molar ratio, pH, and temperature are critical for generating oxides of various sizes and morphological aspects. However, there is no information on how to prepare silver tungstate (Ag2WO4) crystals of different shapes and sizes under laboratory conditions and without using sulfating agents. In this study, we attempted to fill this gap by preparing α-Ag2WO4 crystals of various sizes and morphologies using the coprecipitation method in a 3 h interval at room temperature and without using sulfating agents. The powder X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that all crystals had an orthorhombic structure, whereas Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the degree of structural disorder in the bonds between the atoms in the materials. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the α-Ag2WO4 crystals had different sizes (5.37-26.83 µm) and morphologies (tetragonal prism, rod, and cypress leave-like rod), whereas ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analysis indicated the optical band gap energy (2.92-3.05 eV), calculated using the method proposed by Kubelka and Munk. Catalytic tests revealed that the synthesized samples with the smallest crystals (AW1) and a tetragonal prism morphology degraded dye more efficiently (apparent rate constant (k) = 5.86 × 10-3 min-1) than other samples.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230013

Phase transformations and properties evolution of Ca(OH)2 containing geopolymers as a function of temperature
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Bezerra, B. P.

; Silva, H. R. M.

; Morelli, M. R.

; Luz, A. P.

Cerâmica

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jul 2023, Volume 69 N. 391 Pages 189 - 194

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The composition-processing-structure-properties relationship of Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-based geopolymers containing calcium sources is critical for the design of enhanced ceramic binders. This work evaluated the addition of 1-6 wt% of calcium hydroxide (CH) to a metakaolin-based geopolymer (prepared with NaOH 12 M and colloidal silica suspension) and how it affected the performance of the prepared samples after thermal treatments up to 1000 °C. The setting time, mechanical strength, porosity, density, permanent linear change, and phase and bond type evolution of the specimens with temperature were analyzed. The incorporation of 3 or 6 wt% of CH into the designed composition led to a fast hardening of the mixtures (1.7 h), resulting in geopolymers with high green mechanical strength (18.9 to 23.9 MPa). Nepheline and albite generation in the samples containing 6 wt% of CH resulted in a ceramic with improved cold crushing strength (45.2 MPa) and lower linear shrinkage (-10.5%) when compared to the calcium-free composition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693913475

Recycling of roof tile waste in the manufacturing of high-temperature metakaolin-based geopolymer composites
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Bezerra, B. P.

; Soares, G. A.

; Morelli, M. R.

; Luz, A. P.

Cerâmica

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jul 2023, Volume 69 N. 391 Pages 242 - 247

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The possibility of recycling solid wastes in the production of geopolymers and advanced ceramic products has received special attention recently. This work investigated the feasibility of replacing a high amount (70-90 wt%) of metakaolin with roof tile waste (CW) in the production of Na-geopolymer composites. Additionally, the influence of this alternative material, in the phase transformations and properties evolution (elastic modulus, compressive strength, porosity, density, and linear shrinkage) of the prepared compositions after distinct thermal treatments (40-1000 °C) was evaluated. The results showed that the incorporation of CW powder into the geopolymeric compositions enhanced their thermal and mechanical properties up to 1000 °C. The best performance was reached when using 80 wt% of the selected waste, which led to ceramic specimens with high crystallinity (presenting quartz, hematite, and albite phases), compressive strength (39.6 MPa), suitable linear shrinkage (-7.4%), and improved thermal stability (without visual cracks) after firing at 1000 °C.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693913528

Thermal synthesis of NiMn2O4 spinel employing Mn oxide ores as starting material
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Nascimento, R. S.

; Figueira, B. A. M.

; F. Neto, E.

; Rabelo, A. A.

; Fernandez, O. J. C.

; Luz, P. T. S. da

; Costa, M. L. da

Cerâmica

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apr 2023, Volume 69 N. 390 Pages 154 - 160

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract It is described for the first time the synthesis and characterization of NiMn2O4 employing the Mn ores from the Amazon Region as starting material, instead of using commercial reagents as normally occurs in its synthesis process. Initially, an Mn ore was transformed into a single product, the octahedral layer (OL) manganese oxide with Ni2+ ions interlayer (Ni-OL-2), which was used as a matrix to obtain NiMn2O4 by thermal decomposition. The following techniques were used for characterization: X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA), scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopies. The results revealed that Mn oxide ore composed of nsutite mineral transformed into a well-ordered crystalline Ni-OL-2 phase, after the hydrothermal and cation exchange process. The thermal decomposition of Ni-OL-2 produced the nickel manganite phase at 850 °C with spherical ball morphology and crystal sizes in the range of 200-300 nm.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693903436

Cuidado de enfermería al paciente pediátrico con tetralogía de Fallot intervenido quirúrgicamente: una revisión de alcance
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González-Rodríguez, Nicolás

; Martínez-Bohórquez, Ginna M.

; Díaz-Heredia, Luz P.

Revista Colombiana de Cardiología

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feb 2023, Volume 30 N. 1 Pages 23 - 33

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: los niños con tetralogía de Fallot afrontan grandes desafíos durante su etapa posoperatoria, por lo cual es necesario que el personal de enfermería reconozca los mecanismos involucrados en este proceso con el fin de contribuir a que estos alcancen un nivel de adaptación fisiológico y psicosocial integrado. Objetivo: establecer las intervenciones de enfermería para niños en posoperatorio paliativo o correctivo de tetralogía de Fallot. Materiales y método: a través de la metodología propuesta por Fawcett et al. y el Instituto Joanna Briggs, se realizó una búsqueda en diez bases de datos y motores de búsqueda de artículos publicados del 2014 al 2019 utilizando dos fórmulas: Pediatric AND Tetralogy of Fallot AND Postoperative y Pediatric AND Tetralogy of Fallot AND Postoperative AND Psychosocial Adaptation. Resultados: se obtuvieron 1.901 estudios, de los cuales 56 cumplieron todos los criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados se estructuraron según el plan de atención de enfermería y se enmarcaron en los modos de adaptación y necesidades del modelo de adaptación de Callista Roy. Con la información obtenida, se construyeron doce diagnósticos NANDA correspondientes al modo de adaptación fisiológico y once al modo psicosocial. Conclusión: existe información relevante que permite establecer las intervenciones de cuidado desde el campo de acción para enfermería en este contexto de unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico, ya que se obtuvieron intervenciones para abordar todas las necesidades que el modelo epistemológico plantea.

Abstract Introduction: children with tetralogy of Fallot face great challenges during their postoperative stage, so it is necessary for nurses to recognize the mechanisms involved in this process, in order to help them reach an integrated physiological and psychosocial level of adaptation. Objective: to establish nursing interventions for children in palliative or corrective postoperative tetralogía de Fallot. Materials and method: using the methodology proposed by Fawcett et al. and the Joanna Briggs Institute, we searched 10 databases and search engines for articles published from 2014 to 2019 using 2 formulas: Pediatric AND Tetralogy of Fallot AND Postoperative; and Pediatric AND Tetralogy of Fallot AND Postoperative AND Psychosocial Adaptation. Results: 1.901 studies were obtained, of which 56 met all eligibility criteria. The results were structured according to the nursing care plan, and were framed within the modes of adaptation and needs of Callista Roy’s adaptation model. With the information obtained, 12 NANDA diagnoses corresponding to the physiological mode of adaptation and 11 to the psychosocial mode were constructed. Conclusion: There is relevant information that allows us to establish care interventions from the field of action for nursing in this paediatric intensive care unit context, as interventions were obtained to address all the needs that the epistemological model proposes.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rccar.21000061

10.

Fungi associated with the decline and death of Phoenix canariensis in Mexico City
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Quezada-Salinas, Andrés

; García-Díaz, Silvia Edith

; Almaraz-Sánchez, Alejandra

; Alvarado-Rosales, Dionicio

; Saavedra-Romero, Luz de Lourdes

; Aranda-Ocampo, Sergio

; Fredy-Ortiz, Carlos

; Equihua-Martínez., Armando

Revista mexicana de fitopatología

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2023, Volume 41 N. 2 Pages 241 - 256

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El declinamiento y muerte de palmeras (Phoenix canariensis) en la Ciudad de México ha aumentado en los últimos cinco años hasta alcanzar la muerte de más de 500 palmeras y otras más con diferentes grados de daño. El o los agentes causales no han sido determinados, por lo que el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los hongos asociados al declinamiento y muerte de palmeras (Phoenix canariensis) en la Ciudad de México. Muestras de tejido vegetal sintomático del tronco, peciolo, raquis y foliolos, fueron colectadas en nueve sitios de muestreo representativos, en siete Alcaldías de la Ciudad de México, de febrero a agosto de 2022. Se obtuvieron 144 aislados de hongos que comprendieron 11 especies. Las especies identificadas con mayor frecuencia fueron Nalanthamala vermoesenii, Lasiodiplodia sp., Neopestalotiopsis sp., y Serenomyces sp., presentes principalmente en peciolo y raquis; y Alternaria alternata y Phoma glomerata en foliolos, dichas especies han sido reportadas como agentes causales de enfermedades en palmeras en otros países y reportadas por primera vez en México asociadas a P. canariensis. La información generada permitirá establecer medidas de manejo tendientes a reducir la muerte de palmeras.

Abstract. The decline and death of palms (Phoenix canariensis) in Mexico City is a problem that has increased in the last five years, causing the death of more than 500 palms and others with different degrees of damage. The causal agent has not been determined, so the present study aimed to identify the associated fungi of the decline and death of palms (Phoenix canariensis) in Mexico City. From February to August 2022, samples of symptomatic plant tissue from the trunk, petiole, rachis, and leaflets were collected at nine representative sampling sites in seven Boroughs of Mexico City. A total of 144 fungal isolates were obtained, comprising 11 different species. The species with the highest frequency were: Nalanthamala vermoesenii, Lasiodiplodia sp., Neopestalotiopsis sp., and Serenomyces sp., present mainly on the petiole and rachis; and Alternaria alternata and Phoma glomerata in the leaflets, these species have been reported as causative agents of different diseases in other countries and are reported for the first time in Mexico associated with P. canariensis. The information generated will allow establishing management measures tending to reduce the death of palms.

https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-8

11.

Esferas de hidrogel relacionadas con oclusión intestinal
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Zurita-Martínez, Paulina M.

; Guerrero-Reséndiz, Diana A.

; Silva-Ramírez, Horacio

; Alcántara-Noguez, Carlos

; Lechuga-Mendoza, Luz A.

; Jiménez-Arrieta, Diana C.

; Vera-López, Isabel

; Torres-Hinojosa, Alejandra P.

Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México

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2023, Volume 80 Suppl. 1 Pages 64 - 68

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La obstrucción intestinal por ingesta accidental de cuerpos extraños se presenta muy rara vez en la edad pediátrica debido a que del 80 al 90% de los objetos pueden pasar libremente por el tracto gastrointestinal. Caso clínico: Se aborda el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 1 año 2 meses quien presentó obstrucción intestinal debido a la ingesta de esferas de hidrogel (poliacrilato de sodio). Dichas esferas, que son utilizadas como juguetes didácticos o sensoriales, aumentan de 200 a 400 veces su tamaño inicial mediante la absorción de agua. Se realizó radiografía abdominal en proyección decúbito supino, donde llamó la atención el hallazgo de defecto de llenado redondeado en asa de flanco derecho, ya que las esferas de hidrogel son radiolúcidas. El diagnóstico se estableció mediante ultrasonido abdominal, donde se reportó líquido libre peritoneal con datos de suboclusión por cuerpos extraños a nivel intestinal. Se indicó tratamiento conservador, encontrando persistencia de aumento de perímetro abdominal. Se realizó enterotomía y se encontraron las esferas impactadas a 30 centímetros de la válvula ileocecal. Conclusiones: Las esferas de hidrogel son peligrosas para la población pediátrica. La evolución de la paciente fue favorable debido al conocimiento del objeto extraño ingerido. Sobresale la conducta expectante que se tuvo que desempeñar debido a que se desconocía el crecimiento de las esferas y en qué momento no podrían continuar su paso por el tracto gastrointestinal.

Abstract Background: Bowel obstruction due to accidental ingestion of foreign objects occurs rarely in children because 80 to 90% of the objects can pass freely through the gastrointestinal tract. Case report: We report a case of a 14-month-old infant who presented bowel obstruction caused by the ingestion of hydrogel beads (sodium polyacrylate). Hydrogel beads are used as sensory and didactic toys that can increase their initial size 200 to 400 times by liquid absorption. An abdominal X-ray was perfomed in anteroposterior supine projection, where a round filling defect at the loop of the right flank was detected; this came to our attention because hydrogel beads are usually radiolucent. The diagnosis was established by abdominal ultrasound where free intraperitoneal fluid was reported with data of small bowel pseudo-obstruction by foreign objects. Conservative treatment was prescribed, finding persistence of increased abdominal perimeter, so an enterotomy was performed for their removal; finding impacted hydrogel beads 30 centimeters from the ileocecal valve. Conclusions: Hydrogel beads are dangerous for the pediatric population. The evolution of the patient was favorable thanks to the knowledge of the foreign objects ingested. The expectant behavior that had to be executed, stands out because we had no knowledge as to the maximum size of the hydrogel in the gastrointestinal tract.

https://doi.org/10.24875/bmhim.22000137

12.

Genetic diversity and population histories of two species of Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae) from northwestern Mexico
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Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara

; Garduño-Villaseñor, Luz Abril

; Hernández-Salgadoa, Luis Carlos

Revista mexicana de biodiversidad

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2023, Volume 94 elocation e945052

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Baja California es un área importante ecológicamente siendo la única zona del país con un ambiente mediterráneo y cuenta con una alta diversidad de especies y endemismos. Los estudios de biodiversidad y diversidad genética en esta región de México son escasos, sobre todo para grupos ecológicamente importantes como los artrópodos terrestres. Debido a la escasez de información, se utilizaron datos moleculares para obtener la diversidad genética y las historias poblacionales de las 2 especies de Phidippus (Araneae:Salticidae) más abundantes de la región. La especie más ampliamente distribuida es Phidippus johnsoni y se encontró que pertenece a una gran población panmíctica en Baja California, mientras que P. phoenix se divide en 2 poblaciones. Ambas especies presentaron una alta diversidad genética y grandes tamaños poblacionales, los cuales aumentaron durante los últimos 150,000 años para P. johnsoni y los últimos 30,000 años, después del último Máximo Glacial, para P. phoneix. Este estudio refuerza la importancia de esta región, no solo por su diversidad de especies, sino también por la diversidad genética que se encuentra dentro de las poblaciones, la cual se ha acumulado desde el Pleistoceno, gracias a la relativa estabilidad ecológica de la zona durante ese periodo.

Abstract The northwestern Mexican Baja California state is an ecologically unique area being the only part of the country with a Mediterranean ecosystem and high species diversity and endemism for many groups. Studies on the biodiversity of the region are scarce, especially regarding ecologically important groups such as terrestrial arthropods. Even scarcer are studies on another important aspect of diversity, namely genetic diversity. Due to the paucity of information, the genetic diversity and population histories of the 2 most abundant species of Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae) of the region are presented, based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA data. Phidippus johnsoni, the more widespread of the 2, belongs to 1 large, panmictic population in Baja California, while P. phoenix was divided into 2 populations. Both species have high genetic diversity and estimated large population sizes, which increased during the last 150,000 years for P. johnsoni, and the last 30,000 years, after the Last Glacial Maximum for P. phoenix. This study, therefore, reinforces the importance of this area, not only for its species diversity but also for the genetic diversity found within the populations, which reflects ecological stability during the Pleistocene, allowing for the accumulation of genetic diversity through time.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2023.94.5052

13.

Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts
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Baza-Moreno, Jonathan David

; Vega-Alvarado, Leticia

; Ibarra-Núñez, Guillermo

; Guillén-Navarro, Karina

; García-Fajardo, Luz Verónica

; Jiménez-Jacinto, Verónica

; Diego-García, Elia

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2023, Volume 29 elocation e20220031

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Phonotimpus pennimani (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) is a small-sized (3-5 mm) spider endemic to the Tacaná volcano in Chiapas, Mexico, where it is found in soil litter of cloud forests and coffee plantations. Its venom composition has so far not been investigated, partly because it is not a species of medical significance. However, it does have an important impact on the arthropod populations of its natural habitat. Methods: Specimens were collected in Southeastern Mexico (Chiapas) and identified taxonomically by morphological characteristics. A partial sequence from the mitochondrial gene coxI was amplified. Sequencing on the Illumina platform of a transcriptome library constructed from 12 adult specimens revealed 25 toxin or toxin-like genes. Transcripts were validated (RT-qPCR) by assessing the differential expression of the toxin-like PpenTox1 transcript and normalising with housekeeping genes. Results: Analysis of the coxI-gene revealed a similarity to other species of the family Phrurolithidae. Transcriptome analysis also revealed similarity with venom components of species from the families Ctenidae, Lycosidae, and Sicariidae. Expression of the toxin-like PpenTox1 gene was different for each developmental stage (juvenile or adult) and also for both sexes (female or male). Additionally, a partial sequence was obtained for the toxin-like PpenTox1 from DNA. Conclusion: Data from the amplification of the mitochondrial coxI gene confirmed that P. pennimani belongs to the family Phrurolithidae. New genes and transcripts coding for venom components were identified.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0031

14.

Behaviour of personality-screened juvenile Oreochromis niloticus in different challenges: Bold fish present more exploratory capacity and learning to face imposed challenges
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FIGUEIREDO, LUÍS G.

; SANTOS, FABIO A.C.

; TORRES, ISABELA F.A.

; BOAVENTURA, TULIO P.

; LUZ, RONALD K.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 1 elocation e20210976

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The investigation of cultivation and management techniques that take into account behaviour and animal welfare becomes important due to their direct relationship with animal performance. This study aimed to classify juvenile Oreochromis niloticus by personality and compare their performance at exploration and competition tasks. The new object test was used to select bold and shy animals, which were then tested to see which first approached an object. The food competition test involved placing three feed pellets inside a cylinder and measuring the time taken until the pellet was eaten. The new object test found bold animals with a shorter mean time to approach the object than shy animals approaching 65% of the first object when compared to shy. The food competition test found that the bold animals ingested the first pellet more times and with a shorter average time of ingestion than shy animals, no difference in the second intake, whereas the results for the third were same as those for the first. Shy animals had higher intake of the second pellet. Bold animals explored their environment faster in both challenges, while shy individuals exhibited ability to learn from the challenges imposed in the study.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210976

15.

Seeking long-lasting resistance to black node disease in common beans: Development of interspecific populations
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LIGARRETO-MORENO, GUSTAVO ADOLFO

; GARZÓN-GUTIÉRREZ, LUZ NAYIBE

; PIMENTEL-LADINO, CHRISTIAN CAMILO

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas

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may 2022, Volume 16 N. 2 elocation e14402

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN No se conocen materiales de fríjol común que sean resistentes a la enfermedad del nudo negro (Boeremia noackiana [Allesch.] Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley). Sin embargo, algunos estudios han reportado genotipos de fríjol común que exhiben una reacción intermedia a la enfermedad, pero estos materiales carecen de estabilidad para esta característica. El acervo genético secundario del fríjol (Phaseolus polyanthus Grenm.) ha sido evaluado desde 1995 en búsqueda de dicha resistencia. Esta población muestra una respuesta variada a la enfermedad, pero carece de las características comerciales del grano. El estudio se realizó durante 2017-2018 en Bogotá bajo condiciones de invernadero, a través de cruces interespecíficos de variedades comerciales de fríjol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en Colombia con genotipos resistentes de la población nudo negro de P. polyanthus de origen CIAT. Para realizar los cruces se siguió la técnica de hibridación con emasculación, tanto en cruces directos como recíprocos. La baja eficiencia en la viabilidad de cruces interespecíficos debido a aparentes problemas de compatibilidad genética citoplasmática ha sido reportada en diferentes investigaciones. Sin embargo, en este estudio la eficiencia del porcentaje de cruces interespecíficos viables aumentó significativamente en las poblaciones F1 y retrocruzamientos, llegando a 67%. Con las semillas obtenidas se conformaron poblaciones interespecíficas de Bacatá × ASC 160 y Bacatá × ASC 162, que constituyen el punto de partida de un programa de mejoramiento para resistencia a la enfermedad de nudo negro en fríjol común a partir de cultivares comerciales susceptibles.

ABSTRACT There are no known common bean materials that are resistant to the black node disease (Boeremia noackiana [Allesch.] Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley). However, some studies have reported common bean genotypes that exhibit an intermediate reaction to this disease, but these materials lack stability in this trait. The secondary gene pool for beans (Phaseolus polyanthus Grenm.)has been screened since 1995 for this resistance. This population shows a varied response to this disease but lacks the characteristics of commercial grains. The study was carried out during 2017-2018 in Bogota under greenhouse conditions with interspecific crosses of commercial bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Colombia and resistant genotypes from the ASC population of P. polyanthus, CIAT origin. To carry out the crosses, the hybridization technique with emasculation was followed, both in direct and reciprocal crosses. Low-efficiency viability in interspecific crosses from cytoplasmic genetic compatibility problems has been reported in different studies. However, in this study, the efficiency of the percentage of viable interspecific crosses increased significantly in the F1 populations and backcrosses, reaching 67%. Interspecific populations of Bacata × ASC 160 and Bacata × ASC 162 were formed with the seeds, which constituted the starting point for a breeding program for resistance to the black node disease in common beans using susceptible commercial cultivars.

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i2.14402

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