ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the possible relationship between early admission to the school of children in early childhood and oral health conditions (OH) and nutritional status (NS). Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 140 children aged 3-4 years, selected for convenience, in 4 public schools in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, during 2016, divided into children with early (IE) and late (IL) admission at school. Comparisons between groups were performed for the presence of overweight / obesity (OW / OB), caries lesions (CL), malocclusion (MO) and dental biofilm (DB), in addition to socioeconomic and dietary data. Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine the association between age of admission at school and OH and NS. Results: Children with IE had CL = 28.1%; DB = 46.9%; MO = 54.7% and OW / OB = 25.9%. Children with IE had IL = 29.8%; DB = 35.1%; MO = 61.4% and OW / OB = 30.8%. No significant association was found between age of admission at school and CL: 1.40 (0.53-3.73) 0.490; DB: 0.51 (0.22-1.16) 0.112; MO: 1.77 (0.77-4.05) 0.173 and OW / OB: 1.27 (0.55-2.92) 0.568, [OR (95% CI) p]. Conclusion: The age of admission at school of children in early childhood did not show a significant association with OH and NS.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to estimate the overall survival (OS) and conditional survival (CS) in patients diagnosed with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to determine their survival trends. METHODS: The study included all consecutive patients treated at the A.C. Camargo Cancer Center for oral or oropharyngeal SCC between 2001 and 2012. Data were obtained from the Hospital Cancer Registry. OS and CS were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method to evaluate the probability of survival with Cox predictor models. RESULTS: Data of 505 oral and 380 oropharyngeal SCC patients obtained in 2001-2006 and 2007-2012 were analyzed. Most of the oral SCC (59%) and oropharyngeal SCC (90%) patients had stages III-IV SCC. The 5-year OS for patients with oral SCC was 51.7%, with no significant difference between the first and second periods. The CS rates in 2007-2012 were 65% after the first year and 86% up to the fifth year. For oropharyngeal SCC, the 5-year OS rate was 45.0% in the first period. The survival rate increased to 49.1% from 2007 to 2012, with a reduction in the risk of death (HR=0.69;0.52-09.2). The CS estimates from 2007 to 2012 were 59% after the first year and 75% up to the fifth year. CONCLUSION: Survival across the two time periods remained stable for oral SCC but showed a significant increase for oropharyngeal SCC, possibly because of improvements in the patients’ response to radiotherapy, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy, and the use of more accurate diagnostic imaging approaches.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Atualizar achados de estudos observacionais analíticos sobre a associação entre exposição ocupacional a organofosforados e neoplasias hematológicas. Métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura, incluindo estudos de coorte e caso controle, sem limitação de tempo de publicação, nos idiomas português e inglês. O rastreamento de artigos foi feito no período de junho de 2017 a julho de 2019 nas bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science e Scopus. A avaliação qualitativa de risco de viés foi feita com a Escala Newcastle-Otawa e com o Checklist Downs e Black. Os resultados foram apresentados segundo as recomendações da Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: Foram elegíveis 17 estudos avaliados como de boa/alta qualidade metodológica. A exposição a diazinon (um coorte), fonofós (um coorte), diclorvós, crotoxifós e fanfur (um caso controle) associou-se à leucemia, enquanto a exposição a organofosforados associou-se aos linfomas (seis caso controle). O risco de linfoma não-Hodgkin foi maior para os indivíduos expostos a diazinon (um caso controle) e malation (três caso controle), em relação aos não expostos. O mieloma múltiplo ocorreu mais comumente em expostos a organofosforados do que entre os não expostos (um caso controle). Conclusão: A exposição ocupacional a organofosforados aumenta o risco de neoplasias hematológicas, sobretudo entre os indivíduos com maior período de exposição. Medidas de monitoramento de trabalhadores e de controle da exposição são recomendadas.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To update findings of observational analytical studies on the association between occupational exposure to organophosphates and hematologic malignancies. Methodology: Systematic literature review, including cohort and case-control studies, without limitation of publication time, in Portuguese and English. The articles were traced from June 2017 to July 2019 in PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The qualitative bias risk assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Downs and Black Checklist. Results were presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: Seventeen studies evaluated as good/high methodological quality were eligible. Exposure to diazinon (1 cohort), phonophos (1 cohort), dichlorvos, crotoxiphos and famphur (1 case control) was associated with leukemia, while exposure to organophosphate was associated to lymphomas (6 case control); the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was higher in those exposed to diazinon (1 control case) and malathion (3 control case) than non-exposed ones. Multiple myeloma occurred more commonly in organophosphate exposed than in non-exposed individuals (1 case-control). Conclusion: Occupational exposure to organophosphates increases the risk of hematologic malignancies, especially among individuals with longer exposure periods. Worker monitoring and exposure control measures are recommended.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Atualizar achados de estudos observacionais analíticos sobre a associação entre exposição ocupacional a organofosforados e neoplasias hematológicas. Métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura, incluindo estudos de coorte e caso controle, sem limitação de tempo de publicação, nos idiomas português e inglês. O rastreamento de artigos foi feito no período de junho de 2017 a julho de 2019 nas bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science e Scopus. A avaliação qualitativa de risco de viés foi feita com a Escala Newcastle-Otawa e com o Checklist Downs e Black. Os resultados foram apresentados segundo as recomendações da Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: Foram elegíveis 17 estudos avaliados como de boa/alta qualidade metodológica. A exposição a diazinon (um coorte), fonofós (um coorte), diclorvós, crotoxifós e fanfur (um caso controle) associou-se à leucemia, enquanto a exposição a organofosforados associou-se aos linfomas (seis caso controle). O risco de linfoma não-Hodgkin foi maior para os indivíduos expostos a diazinon (um caso controle) e malation (três caso controle), em relação aos não expostos. O mieloma múltiplo ocorreu mais comumente em expostos a organofosforados do que entre os não expostos (um caso controle). Conclusão: A exposição ocupacional a organofosforados aumenta o risco de neoplasias hematológicas, sobretudo entre os indivíduos com maior período de exposição. Medidas de monitoramento de trabalhadores e de controle da exposição são recomendadas.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To update findings of observational analytical studies on the association between occupational exposure to organophosphates and hematologic malignancies. Methodology: Systematic literature review, including cohort and case-control studies, without limitation of publication time, in Portuguese and English. The articles were traced from June 2017 to July 2019 in PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The qualitative bias risk assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Downs and Black Checklist. Results were presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: Seventeen studies evaluated as good/high methodological quality were eligible. Exposure to diazinon (1 cohort), phonophos (1 cohort), dichlorvos, crotoxiphos and famphur (1 case control) was associated with leukemia, while exposure to organophosphate was associated to lymphomas (6 case control); the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was higher in those exposed to diazinon (1 control case) and malathion (3 control case) than non-exposed ones. Multiple myeloma occurred more commonly in organophosphate exposed than in non-exposed individuals (1 case-control). Conclusion: Occupational exposure to organophosphates increases the risk of hematologic malignancies, especially among individuals with longer exposure periods. Worker monitoring and exposure control measures are recommended.

Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo descreve os escores sumários do questionário Short Form-12 (SF-12), de acordo com os fatores sociodemográficos obtidos em uma amostra probabilística e representativa da população urbana brasileira. Método: Cinco mil (5.000) indivíduos, com idade superior a 15 anos, foram avaliados nas cinco regiões do país, em 16 capitais. A seleção dos domicílios foi aleatória. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas domiciliares. O questionário SF-12 foi utilizado para a avaliação de qualidade de vida. Características demográficas e socioeconômicas também foram avaliadas: sexo, idade, estado civil, cor da pele, região do país e uso do serviço público de saúde. Resultados: O valor médio (DP) do SF-12 para a população total foi de 49,3 (8,7) para o componente físico (PCS-12) e 52,7 (9,7) para o componente mental (MCS-12). Foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas para sexo (PCS-12 e MCS-12), idade (PCS-12) e estado laboral (PCS-12 e MCS-12). Mulheres, idosos, viúvos, indivíduos que não estavam trabalhando, pessoas com menor renda e queixas nos últimos sete dias apresentaram valores médios mais baixos (PCS-12 e MCS-12). Conclusão: Os resultados apresentados fornecem bases populacionais para comparações com pesquisas futuras que utilizem o SF-12 para a avaliação da qualidade de vida no Brasil. A população brasileira tem um menor grau de qualidade de vida relacionada ao componente físico, e o SF-12 é um instrumento útil e discriminativo para a avaliação de qualidade de vida em diferentes grupos sociodemográficos.

Summary Objective: This study describes the summary scores of the Short Form-12 (SF-12) questionnaire, according to socio-demographic factors obtained in a probabilistic and representative sample of the Brazilian urban population. Method: Five thousand (5,000) individuals, over the age of 15, were assessed in 16 capital cities, in the five regions of the country. The selection of households was random. Face-to-face approach was applied in the household interviews. The SF-12 questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics were also evaluated: gender, age, marital status, skin color, region of the country and use of the public health service. Results: The mean value (SD) of the SF-12 for the entire population was 49.3 (8.7) for the physical component (PCS-12) and 52.7 (9.7) for the mental component (MCS-12). Statistical differences were found for gender (PCS-12 and MCS-12), age (PCS-12) and working status (PCS-12 and MCS-12). Women, elderly, widowed and unemployed individuals, those with lower income and with complaints in the last seven days showed lower mean values (PCS-12 and MCS-12). Conclusion: From this point forward, we can provide the basis for comparisons with future research that use the SF-12 for quality of life assessment in Brazil. The Brazilian population has a lower degree of quality of life related do the physical component, and the SF-12 is a useful and discriminative instrument for assessing quality of life in different socio-demographic groups.