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Effect of Dietary Zeolite Supplementation on Production, Egg Quality, Ammonia Volatilization, Organ Morphometry and Blood Parameters in Brown Laying Hens
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Vieira, RB

; Ludke, MCMM

; Ludke, JV

; Lopes, CC

; Oliveira, EF

; Santos, ACA

; Coldebella, A

; Rabello, CBV

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

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2023, Volume 25 N. 4 elocation eRBCA-2023-1797

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective was to examine the effects of supplementing different levels of zeolite in the diet of laying hens during the laying phase, at 54 weeks of age, on production performance, egg quality, ammonia volatilization, excreta pH, blood parameters, weight, and organ morphometry. The treatments consisted of a control diet free of zeolite and five diets including increasing levels of zeolite (0.7, 1.4, 2.1, 2.8, and 3.5%). A completely randomized design was adopted with eight replicates of five birds per plot, totaling 240 laying hens, for four 28-day periods. Results were subjected to ANOVA, Dunnett’s test, and regression analysis at 5% probability. The zeolite levels had no significant effect on production performance, egg quality, and blood parameters. The zeolite levels have a significant effect on ammonia volatilization, excreta pH, liver weight, and organ morphometry specifically on the intestinal length. Ammonia and pH reached a linear plateau. Ammoniacal nitrogen levels in the excreta differed from that observed in the control group at all zeolite levels, whereas the pH was lowest at the zeolite inclusion levels of 0.7 and 1.4%. Ammonia volatilization and the pH value of the excreta decreased by 46.9% and 4.6%, when the laying hens consumed diets with 0.93% and 1.19% zeolite, respectively. There was an effect on the relative weight of the organs, with higher liver yield and intestinal length provided by zeolite inclusion. Therefore, zeolite can be included in the diet of commercial layers at up to 0.93% without affecting their production performance or egg quality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2023-1797

Monitoring the content of ethyl carbamate and copper in organic and conventional cachaça
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Silva, João Henrique do Nascimento e

; Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina

; Medeiros, Simone Daniela Sartorio de

; Oliveira, Alessandra Lopes de

Scientia Agricola

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2020, Volume 77 N. 5 elocation e20190027

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Ethyl carbamate (EC) (NH2COOCH2CH3) is found in cachaça, and its presence in the beverage is conspicuous for its toxicity. Copper, the metal of choice used in the construction of stills, is also considered a beverage contaminant and is often related to the presence of EC in beverages. The study aimed to monitor the quality of cachaça by measuring the presence of copper and EC, and comparing the influences of sugarcane cultivation systems on the concentration of these contaminants. The varieties, RB 867515, RB 962869 and RB 85553, were cultivated under the following management systems: planting without fertilization; organic planting; and conventional planting. For cultivation, a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme of 3 varieties × 3 managements was used as experimental planning, in 4 replications. The concentrations of copper and EC in beverages were evaluated and submitted to univariate analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05). The organic and conventional systems presented no significant variations in copper content, both of which are recommended for the planting of sugarcane as raw material for cachaça. From amongst the varieties evaluated, RB966928 presented the lowest concentrations of copper for the organic and conventional systems, and was the most recommended for the production of cachaça. To evaluate the EC concentration (μg L–1) in the cachaças produced, all beverages were considered in accordance with national legislation. Significant differences were observed between them, but the conventional and organic systems are favored for deployment in the cultivation of sugarcane as the raw material of cachaça. The same applies to the RB966928, RB867515 and RB855453 varieties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2019-0027 775 downloads

Genetic diversity and population structure of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) accessions by means of microsatellites markers
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Zeni Neto, Hugo

; Borsuk, Luiz Gustavo da Mata

; Santos, Luiz Renato Frederico dos

; Angeli, Henrique Sanches

; Berton, Guilherme Souza

; Sousa, Lorena Lopes de

Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy

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2020, Volume 42 elocation e45088

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. The success of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) breeding programs depends on the choice of productive parent lines that have a high industrial yield and are genetically divergent. This study assessed the genetic divergence and population structure of sugarcane accessions that are the parents of the RB05 Series of the Sugarcane Breeding Program of Brazil. The DNA of 82 accessions was evaluated using 36 simple sequence repeat markers. The Jaccard similarity coefficient and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean clustering method were used to generate a cluster that was divided into 17 distinct groups derived from probabilistic models. The similarity coefficient used in both cases showed that the degree of similarity varied from 0.4716 (RB971551 x RB965586) to 0.9526 (RB936001 x SP89-1115), with a mean of 0.8536. This result demonstrates a high similarity between the 82 accessions and confirms Wright’s F statistic (0.125), which indicates moderate genetic variability. The less-similar crosses suggest that breeders seek a higher number of crosses using cultivar RB965586, highlighting the RB971551 x RB965586 and RB965586 x RB855511 crosses. The results demonstrate that crosses such as RB936001 x SP89-1115 and RB945954 x RB896342 should be avoided because of their high genetic similarity.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v42i1.45088 581 downloads

Análise sensorial de cachaça produzida em manejo orgânico e convencional
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Silva, João Henrique do Nascimento e

; Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina

; Margarido, Luiz Antônio Correa

; Oliveira, Alessandra Lopes de

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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jun 2019, Volume 42 N. 2 Pages 271 - 280

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A cachaça, produzida a partir da cana-de-açúcar, é considerada uma bebida genuinamente brasileira. A melhoria na qualidade da cachaça contribuiu para maior aceitação no mercado e maior volume de produção e exportação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se as variedades (RB 867515, RB 966928 e RB 855453) e manejos de cultivos da cana-de-açúcar (sem adubação, orgânico e convencional) influenciam nas características sensoriais da cachaça. Utilizou-se a Análise Descritiva por Ordenação (ADO) e a aceitação. Os resultados mostraram a existência de diferenciação sensorial entre as bebidas de diferentes variedades e manejos. Estes, por sua vez, influenciaram os atributos sensoriais, avaliados por meio da ADO. Na opinião dos avaliadores durante a análise sensorial de aceitação, a cor não foi fator de diferenciação entre as bebidas, o aroma, sabor, corpo e impressão global podem ter influênciado na aceitação das cachaças produzidas a partir das variedades RB 855453 e RB 867515, na modalidade de manejo orgânico.

Cachaça, produced from sugar cane, is considered a genuine Brazilian drink. The improvement in the quality of cachaça contributed to greater acceptance in the market and greater volume of production and export. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the varieties (RB 867515, RB 966928 and RB 855453) and sugar cane crop management (without organic and conventional fertilization) influence the sensorial characteristics of cachaça. Descriptive Analysis by Ordination (ADO) and acceptance were used. The results showed the existence of sensorial differentiation between the drinks of different varieties and managements. These, in turn, influenced the sensory attributes, evaluated through ADO. In the opinion of the evaluators during the sensorial analysis of acceptance, color was not a factor of differentiation among beverages, aroma, flavor, body and overall impression may have influence of the acceptance of cachaças produced from varieties RB 855453 and RB 867515, in the organic management modality.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.17426 810 downloads

Análise da composição química dos cimentos MTA Angelus® branco, cinza e HP Repair® através de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) acoplada a Espectrômetro de Energia Dispersiva (EDS)
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SARZEDA, Gabriela Duarte Rocha

; BAHIA, Marcelo Santos

; DORIGUÊTTO, Paulo Victor Teixeira

; DEVITO, Karina Lopes

; LEITE, Anamaria Pessoa Pereira

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP

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2019, Volume 48 elocation e20190093

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução Devido às suas propriedades biológicas e físico-químicas, o MTA tem sido indicado para diferentes situações clínicas na Endodontia. Objetivo O objetivo foi analisar a composição química dos cimentos MTA Angelus branco, cinza, e Repair HP. Material e método Foram confeccionados cinco corpos de prova de cada tipo de cimento estudado, com diâmetro de 4 mm e altura de 1 mm, utilizando fita condutora de carbono dupla face. Em seguida, as amostras foram analisadas com auxílio de um microscópio eletrônico de varredura acoplado ao aparelho de espectrometria de energia dispersiva. Posteriormente, foram submetidos ao teste estatístico Kolmogorov-Smirnov para verificar a normalidade. Os elementos químicos que apresentaram distribuição normal (média de 5%) foram submetidos ao teste ANOVA e o teste Kruskal-Wallis foi aplicado naqueles com distribuição assimétrica. Resultado Após a análise dos elementos químicos, foram observados para o MTA branco: O, Na, K, Mg, Al, Si, Ca e Bi; para o MTA cinza: O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Bi, Fe e S, e para o Repair HP: O, Al, Mg, Si, Ca, Fe, Sr, C, Rb e W. Foram identificados 14 elementos químicos nas amostras analisadas (O, Na, Al, Mg, Si, S, K, Ca, Fe, Sr, Bi, C, Rb e W). Destes, cinco foram encontrados em todos os cimentos estudados: O, Al, Mg, Si e Ca. Conclusão Os elementos Rb, W e C foram encontrados somente na nova formulação de MTA da Angelus, o Repair HP. Nas amostras analisadas, o Ca e o O foram os que se apresentaram em maior quantidade.

Abstract Introduction Due to its biological and physicochemical properties, MTA has been indicated for different clinical situations in Endodontics. Objective The objective was to analyze the chemical composition of MTA Angelus white, gray and Repair HP cements. Material and method Five specimens of each type of cement studied were made, with 4mm diameter and 1mm height, using double-sided carbon conductive tape. Then, the samples were analyzed with the aid of a scanning electron microscope coupled to the dispersive energy spectrometry apparatus. They were later submitted to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test to verify normality. The chemical elements that presented normal distribution (average of 5%) were submitted to the ANOVA test and the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to those with asymmetric distribution. Result After the analysis of the chemical elements, it was observed for the white MTA: O, Na, K, Mg, Al, Si, Ca and Bi; for gray MTA: O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Bi, Fe and S; and for HP Repair: O, Al, Mg, Si, Ca, Fe, Sr, C, Rb and W. 14 chemical elements were identified in the samples analyzed (O, Na, Al, Mg, Si, S, K, Ca (Fe, Sr, Bi, C, Rb and W). Of these, 5 were found in all cements studied: O, Al, Mg, Si and Ca. Conclusion The elements Rb, W and C were found only in Angelus' new MTA formulation, Repair HP. In the samples analyzed, Ca and O were the ones that presented the largest amount.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.09319 1576 downloads

Stabilization of Rice Bran in Broiler Feed with Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants and Heat Treatment
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Gopinger, E

; Krabbe, EL

; Avila, VS De

; Surek, D

; Lopes, LS

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

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2019, Volume 21 N. 4 elocation eRBCA-2019-1062

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate different strategies for the oxidative stabilization of rice bran (RB) in the diet of broiler chickens using natural antioxidant additives, synthetic antioxidant additives and heat treatment on performance, breast meat quality and liver fat content and the nutrient digestibility coefficients. Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of heat treatment and antioxidants, antioxidant additive treatments, without antioxidants, natural, and synthetic, and to three heat treatments, without heat, dry-heat and moist-heat, after the rice bran was stored for 90 days and then incorporated into the experimental diets. 1080 broilers were arranged in a 3 x 3-factorial randomized design with 10 replicates per treatments. The wet heat treatment of the meal resulted in a higher daily feed intake and body weight at 28 days and better feed conversion than did the meal without heat treatment. No significant interactions were observed between the tested factors on the apparent digestibility of dry matter and ether extract as well as the values of apparent metabolizable energy and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen. However, there was significant interaction between the tested factors on the nitrogen retention coefficient; the natural antioxidant and dry heat-treated meal combination presented a lower crude protein digestibility coefficient than those without heat treatment. In conclusion, thermal treatment of this bran proved to be more effective as demonstrated by the performance responses of the birds. Broiler chickens reared up to 28 days of age consuming diets containing 6.5% RB stabilized by heat treatment showed better performance, and the use of antioxidants was not necessary.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1062 1533 downloads

Crescimento inicial de cana-de-açúcar inoculada com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e fósforo
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Schiavo, Jolimar Antonio

; Azevedo, Luciane Silveira

; Lima, Miriam Ferreira

; Oliveira, Naelmo de Souza

; Lopes, Valquíria Rodrigues

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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jun 2018, Volume 41 N. 2 Pages 121 - 130

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da inoculação com diferentes espécies de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs) e de doses de P (KH2PO4), sobre o crescimento e teores de N e P em plantas jovens de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi conduzido em estufa utilizando delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 6×5+1, com 4 repetições, sendo avaliados os fatores: doses de P (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 e 800 mg kg-1), inoculação com FMAs (Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Gigaspora albida, Gigaspora margarita, Rhizophagus clarus e FMAs nativos da área de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar), e uma testemunha sem inoculação. Aos 60 e 90 dias após o plantio, na dose 50 mg kg-1 de P as plantas inoculadas com G. albida tiveram maior altura. Plantas inoculadas com G. albida, na dose 0 mg kg-1 de P, apresentaram incremento de 300 % na matéria seca da parte aérea em relação a ausência de inoculação. A produção máxima de matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas inoculadas com G. albida foi de 149 g associada a 424 mg kg-1 de P. A inoculação com G. albida favorece o crescimento inicial e conteúdo de N das plantas de cana-de-açúcar, cuja dependência e eficiência micorrízica foi de 13,6 % e 254 %, respectivamente, na dose 0 mg kg-1 de P.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of inoculation with different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species and P levels (KH2PO4) on growth and nitrogen (N) and P contents in plants of sugarcane. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design in a factorial 6×5+1, with 4 replicates, the factors being evaluated: levels of P (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg kg-1), inoculation with AMF (Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Gigaspora albida, Gigaspora margarita, Rhizophagus clarus and indigenous AMF in the area of sugarcane cultivation) and a control without inoculation. At 60 and 90 days after planting at a level 50 mg kg-1 of P plants inoculated with G. albida had greater height. Plants inoculated with G. albida, in level 0 mg kg-1 of P, had 300 % increase in shoot dry matter compared to the absence of inoculation. The maximum production of dry matter of shoots of plants inoculated with G. albida was 149 g associated with 424 mg kg-1 of P. The inoculation with G. albida favors the initial growth and N content of the sugarcane plants, whose dependence and mycorrhizal efficiency was 13.6% and 254%, respectively, at the dose 0 mg kg-1 of P.

https://doi.org/10.19084/RCA17136 839 downloads

Water interaction and bond strength to dentin of dye-labelled adhesive as a function of the addition of rhodamine B
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WANG, Linda

; BIM JÚNIOR, Odair

; LOPES, Adolfo Coelho de Oliveira

; FRANCISCONI-DOS-RIOS, Luciana Fávaro

; MAENOSONO, Rafael Massunari

; D’ALPINO, Paulo Henrique Perlatti

; HONÓRIO, Heitor Marques

; ATTA, Maria Teresa

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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aug 2016, Volume 24 N. 4 Pages 317 - 324

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective This study investigated the effect of the fluorescent dye rhodamine B (RB) for interfacial micromorphology analysis of dental composite restorations on water sorption/solubility (WS/WSL) and microtensile bond strength to dentin (µTBS) of a 3-step total etch and a 2-step self-etch adhesive system. Material and Methods The adhesives Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (MP) and Clearfil SE Bond (SE) were mixed with 0.1 mg/mL of RB. For the WS/WSL tests, cured resin disks (5.0 mm in diameter x 0.8 mm thick) were prepared and assigned into four groups (n=10): MP, MP-RB, SE, and SE-RB. For µTBS assessment, extracted human third molars (n=40) had the flat occlusal dentin prepared and assigned into the same experimental groups (n=10). After the bonding and restoration procedures, specimens were sectioned in rectangular beams, stored in water and tested after seven days or after 12 months. The failure mode of fractured specimens was qualitatively evaluated under optical microscope (x40). Data from WS/WSL and µTBS were assessed by one-way and three-way ANOVA, respectively, and Tukey’s test (α=5%). Results RB increased the WSL of MP and SE. On the other hand, WS of both MP and SE was not affected by the addition of RB. No significance in µTBS between MP and MP-RB for seven days or one year was observed, whereas for SE a decrease in the µTBS means occurred in both storage times. Conclusions RB should be incorporated into non-simplified DBSs with caution, as it can interfere with their physical-mechanical properties, leading to a possible misinterpretation of bonded interface.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-775720150447 1507 downloads

Diretriz de Assistência Circulatória Mecânica da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia
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Ayub-Ferreira, SM

; Souza Neto, JD

; Almeida, DR

; Biselli, B

; Avila, MS

; Colafranceschi, AS

; Stefanello, B

; Carvalho, BM

; Polanczyk, CA

; Galantini, DR

; Bocchi, EA

; Chamlian, EG

; Hojaij, EM

; Gaiotto, FA

; Pinton, FA

; Jatene, FB

; Ramires, FJA

; Atik, FA

; Figueira, F

; Bacal, F

; Galas, FRBG

; Brito, FS

; Conceição-Souza, GE

; Ribeiro, GCA

; JA Jr, Pinheiro

; Souza, JM

; Rossi Neto, JM

; Lima, JLC

; Mejía, JC

; Fernandes, JR

; Baumworcel, L

; Moura, LAZ

; Hajjar, LA

; Beck-da-Silva, L

; Rohde, LEP

; Seguro, LFBC

; Pinheiro, ML

; Park, M

; Fernandes, MR

; Montera, MW

; Alves, MSL

; MRB Jr, Wanderley

; Hossne, N

; Fernandes, PMP

; Lemos, P

; Schneidewind, RO

; Uchoa, RB

; Honorato, R

; Mangini, S

; Falcão, SNRS

; Lopes, SAV

; Strabelli, TMV

; Guimarães, TCF

; Campanili, TCGF

; Issa, VS

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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aug 2016, Volume 107 N. 2 Pages 1 - 33

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20160128 22418 downloads

10.

Agronomic performance of 27 cocoa progenies and plant selection based on productivity, self-compatibility and disease resistance
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Yamada, Milton Macoto

; Pires, José Luis

; Faleiro, Fábio Gelape

; Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei

; Macedo, Mariosvaldo Morais

Revista Ceres

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aug 2013, Volume 60 N. 4 Pages 514 - 518

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar 27 progênies de cruzamentos de cacaueiro, de acordo com as características agronômicas e, dentro destas, selecionar plantas F1 superiores. O experimento foi instalado em Março de 2005, na Estação Joaquim Bahiana (ESJOB), no município de Itajuípe, Bahia. A área do experimento é de aproximadamente 3 ha, com total de 3240 plantas. Foram realizadas 13 avaliações de vassoura vegetativa, cinco avaliações de vassoura de almofada e 15 avaliações do número de frutos/planta. Foram feitas 30 polinizações em cada planta selecionada, para testar sua autocompatibilidade. Os dados de produção, baseados no número de frutos por planta e na resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa, indicaram o CEPEC 94 x CCN 10, RB 39 x CCN 51 e CCN 10 x VB 1151 como progênies superiores. Todas as seleções testadas foram autocompatíveis. A análise de dados de progênies e de plantas individuais, associada a observações visuais no campo, permitiu a seleção de 17 plantas, que foram incluídas em uma rede de testes de ensaios regionais, para determinar a estabilidade fenotípica.

The objective of the present work was to evaluate 27 progenies of cocoa crosses considering the agronomic traits and select F1 plants within superior crosses. The experiment was installed in March 2005, in the Experimental Station Joaquim Bahiana (ESJOB), in Itajuipe, Bahia. The area of the experiment is of approximately 3 ha, with a total of 3240 plants. Thirteen evaluations of vegetative brooms, five of cushion brooms and 15 of number of pods per plant were accomplished. Thirty pollinations were made for each selected plant to test for self-compatibility. The production, based on the number of pods per plant, and resistance to witches´ broom indicated CEPEC 94 x CCN 10, RB 39 x CCN 51 and CCN 10 x VB 1151 as superior progenies. All selections tested were self-compatible. The analyses of progenies and individual tree data, associated to visual field observations, allowed the selection of 17 plants which were included in a network of regional tests to determine the phenotypic stability.

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11.

Utilização das vitaminas C e E em rações para frangos de corte mantidos em ambiente de alta temperatura
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Souza, Marcos Gonçalves de

; Oliveira, Rita Flávia Miranda de

; Donzele, Juarez Lopes

; Maia, Ana Paula de Assis

; Balbino, Eric Márcio

; Oliveira, Will Pereira de

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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oct 2011, Volume 40 N. 10 Pages 2192 - 2198

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O experimento foi realizado para avaliar os efeitos da suplementação das vitaminas C ou E na ração sobre o desempenho, as características de carcaça e os parâmetros hematológicos de frangos de corte mantidos em ambiente de alta temperatura. Foram utilizados 450 frangos de corte distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, cada um com nove repetições de 10 aves (período 1 a 21 dias) ou de 7 aves (período de 22 a 42 dias) por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram: ração basal (RB) sem suplementação de vitaminas C e E; RB + 300 ppm de vitamina E; RB + 230 ppm de vitamina C; RB + 300 ppm de vitamina E + 230 ppm de vitamina C; e RB + 150 ppm de vitamina E + 115 ppm de vitamina C. Não houve efeito da suplementação das vitaminas C e E no desempenho zootécnico das aves na fase de 1 a 21 dias de idade. Na fase de 1 a 42 dias, a suplementação das vitaminas C e E influenciou somente a conversão alimentar. Os melhores resultados para os pesos absoluto e relativo de peito foram observados nas aves que receberam a ração basal suplementada com as combinações das vitaminas C e E. A concentração plasmática de triiodotironina, a porcentagem de células sanguíneas, a relação heterófilo/linfócito e os pesos absoluto e relativo do baço aos 21 e 42 dias de idade não foram influenciados pela suplementação vitamínica. A suplementação das vitaminas C e ou E não influi no desempenho zootécnico, no peso do baço e nos parâmetros sanguíneos de frangos de corte mantidos até 42 dias de idade em ambiente de alta temperatura. As combinações das vitaminas C e E promovem melhora nos pesos absoluto e relativo de peito de frangos de corte sob alta temperatura.

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of supplementation of vitamins C or E in the diet on performance, carcass characteristics and hematological parameters of broilers kept under high environmental temperature. Four hundred and fifty broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and nine replications, with 10 and 7 birds per experimental unit, respectively, according to the periods from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days old. Treatments consisted of a basal diet (RB) without supplementation of vitamins C and E; RB + 300 ppm of vitamin E; RB + 230 ppm of vitamin C; RB + 300 ppm of vitamin E + 230 of vitamin C, and RB + 150 ppm of vitamin E + 115 of vitamin C. Treatments did not influence performance of birds in the phase of 1 to 21 days of age. At 1 to 42 days of age, supplementation of vitamins C and E only influenced feed conversion. The best results for the absolute and relative weights of breast were observed in birds fed the basal diet supplemented with different combinations of vitamins C and E. Plasma concentration of triiodothyronine, percentage of blood cells, the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio and absolute and relative weights of the spleen at 21 and 42 days of age were not influenced by vitamin supplementation. Supplementation of vitamins C and/or E did not influence performance, weight of the spleen or blood parameters of chickens maintained until 42 days of age in a high temperature environment. The combination of vitamins C and E promotes improvement in absolute and relative weights of breast of broilers reared under high temperature

5041 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

12.

Differential susceptibility of adults and nymphs of Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae) to infection by Metarhizium anisopliae and assessment of delivery strategies
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Lopes, RB

; Alves, SB

Neotropical Entomology

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jun 2011, Volume 40 N. 3 Pages 368 - 374

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Microbial insecticides for cockroach control, such as those containing entomopathogenic fungi, may be an alternative to reduce contamination by chemicals in housing and food storage environments. Virulence of isolate ESALQ1037 belonging to the Metarhizium anisopliae complex against nymphs and adults of Blattella germanica (L.), and its infectivity following exposure of insects to a contaminated surface or to M. anisopliae-bait were determined under laboratory conditions. Estimated LD50 15 d following topical inoculation was 2.69 x 10(5) conidia per adult, whereas for nymphs the maximum mortality was lower than 50%. Baits amended with M. anisopliae conidia had no repellent effect on targets; adult mortality was inferior to 25%, and nymphs were not susceptible. All conidia found in the digestive tract of M. anisopliae-bait fed cockroaches were unviable, and bait-treated insects that succumbed to fungal infection showed a typical mycelial growth on mouthparts and front legs, but not on the hind body parts. As opposed to baits, the use of a M. anisopliae powdery formulation for surface treatment was effective in attaining high mortality rates of B. germanica. Both nymphs and adults were infected when this delivery strategy was used, and mycelia growth occurred all over the body surface. Our results suggest that the development of powders or similar formulations of M. anisopliae to control B. germanica may provide faster and better results than some of the strategies based on baits currently available.

20490 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

13.

Efficiency of bioaugmentation in the removal of organic matter in aquaculture systems
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Lopes, RB

; Olinda, RA.

; Souza, BAI

; Cyrino, JEP

; Dias, CTS

; Queiroz, JF

; Tavares, LHS

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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may 2011, Volume 71 N. 2 Pages 409 - 419

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Existem diversas tecnologias para tratamento de efluentes, o processo de bioadição consiste em uma vertente da biorremediação e tem sido empregado na melhoria da qualidade dos efluentes através do tratamento da água de produção. Esta tecnologia consiste basicamente na adição de microrganismos com a capacidade de degradar ou remover compostos poluentes, especialmente matéria orgânica e nutrientes. Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de composto bioativo sobre alguns parâmetros de matéria orgânica e de desempenho de juvenis de tilápias em um sistema intensivo de produção aquacultural. Foi empregada a combinação de dois consórcios bacterianos em delineamento inteiramente aleatorizado, em um esquema fatorial com dois fatores. As diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos foram analisadas por meio da análise de variância (ANOVA) e do teste de Tukey ao nível de 5%. Verificou-se neste estudo, que a bioadição heterotrófica foi capaz de reduzir em 23% a demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO); em 83,7%, o carbono orgânico dissolvido (COD); e em 43%, a biomassa fitoplanctônica. Por outro lado, não se observou nenhum prejuízo com relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos de qualidade de água bem como ao desempenho de crescimento para juvenis de tilápias avaliados neste estudo.

Several techniques are currently used to treat effluents. Bioaugmentation is a new bioremediation strategy and has been employed to improve effluent quality by treating the water during the production process. This technology consists basically of the addition of microorganisms able to degrade or remove polluting compounds, especially organic matter and nutrients. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of bioaugmentation on some parameters of organic matter and on the performance of juvenile tilapias in an intensive aquaculture production system. The combination of two bacterial consortiums in a complete randomized design was employed in a factorial analysis with two factors. Statistical differences between treatments were analyzed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test at the 5% level. One of the treatments, heterotrophic bacterial supplementation, was able to reduce biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) by 23%, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 83.7% and phytoplanktonic biomass by 43%. On the other hand, no damage was done to either the physical-chemical indicators of water quality or to the growth performance of juvenile tilapias assessed in this study.

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14.

A Interleucina 1-beta mostra uma ação protetora na fase aguda do modelo de epilepsia induzido pela pilocarpina
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Pascoal, VDB

; Marchesini, RB

; Matos, AHB

; Conte, FF

; Pereira, TC

; Gilioli, R

; Malheiros, JM

; Polli, RS

; Buzzá, HH

; Tannús, A

; Covolan, L

; Cavalheiro, EA

; Velloso, L

; Cendes, F

; Lopes-Cendes, I

Journal of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology

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sep 2010, Volume 16 N. 3 Pages 97 - 99

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: Existem contradições na literatura quanto aos efeitos dos genes il1β e il1rn nas epilepsias. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos do silenciamento desses dois genes na fase aguda do modelo de epilepsia induzido pela pilocarpina. MÉTODOS: Para alterar a expressão dos genes il1β e il1rn utilizamos a técnica de interferência por RNA. RESULTADOS: Obtivemos taxas de silenciamento significativas para os dois genes no sistema nervoso central. Observamos efeitos fenotípicos significativos, incluindo a alteração na taxa de mortalidade dos animais 5 dias após a indução do modelo. CONCLUSÕES: A il1β parece exercer um papel protetor na fase aguda do modelo de epilepsia induzido pela pilocarpina.

INTRODUCTION: There is contradictory information regarding the of effects il1β and il1rn in epilepsy. We aimed to evaluate the effect of silencing both genes in the acute phase of the pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model. METHODS: We used RNA interference in order to achieve gene silencing. RESULTS: We obtained significant gene silencing in the central nervous system. In addition, we observed phenotypic effects including differences in mortality rates of animals 5 days after pilocarpine injections. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that il1β seems to have a protective effect in the acute phase of the pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model.

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15.

Effects of physical exercise and nutritional guidance on metabolic syndrome in obese adolescents
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Leite, N

; Milano, GE

; Cieslak, F

; Lopes, WA

; Rodacki, A

; Radominski, RB

Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy

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feb 2009, Volume 13 N. 1 Pages 73 - 81

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVOS: Analisar os efeitos de exercícios físicos (EF) e orientação nutricional (ON) sobre a composição corporal, aptidão física, perfil lipídico e resistência insulínica em adolescentes obesos com e sem síndrome metabólica (SM). MÉTODOS: 64 obesos (26 meninos), com idade entre 10 a 16 anos, divididos em dois grupos: com SM (n=29) e sem SM (n=35). Utilizou-se como critério de classificação de SM a presença de três ou mais critérios para idade e sexo de acordo com Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Mensuraram-se antes e após 12 semanas de intervenção: pressão arterial, circunferência abdominal, consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2pico), glicemia, insulinemia, Homeostatic Metabolic Assessments (HOMA-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) e perfil lipídico. Os dois grupos participaram de 12 semanas de EF e duas sessões de ON. Cada sessão de EF consistiu em 50 minutos de ciclismo indoor, 50 minutos de caminhada e 20 minutos de alongamento, três vezes por semana. RESULTADOS: 55 sujeitos (com SM=25; sem SM=30) completaram o tratamento. Após 12 semanas, houve diminuição na massa corporal, IMC escore-z, circunferência abdominal, massa gorda, TG e aumento na estatura, HDL-C e VO2pico, em ambos os grupos. Além disso, houve uma redução na pressão arterial sistólica, aumento na sensibilidade à insulina (p<0,05) no grupo com SM. Os fatores de risco para SM diminuíram em 72%. CONCLUSÃO: Após a intervenção multidisciplinar, houve uma redução nos fatores de risco, melhorando a aptidão física e perfil metabólico. A intervenção multidisciplinar foi efetiva para redução da SM.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the effects of physical exercise and nutritional guidance on body composition, physical fitness, lipid profile and insulin resistance among obese adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Sixty-four obese adolescents (26 boys), 10-16 years of age, were divided into two groups: with metabolic syndrome (n=29) and without metabolic syndrome (n=35). They were classified as having metabolic syndrome if they met three or more criteria for age and sex according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Blood pressure, waist circumference, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2peak), blood glucose, blood insulin, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and lipid profile were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. Both groups participated in 12 weeks of physical education and two nutritional guidance sessions. Each physical education session consisted of 50 min indoor cycling, 50 min of walking/running and 20 min of stretching, three times a week. RESULTS: Fifty-five participants (with metabolic syndrome=25; without metabolic syndrome=30) completed the treatment. After 12 weeks, both groups showed reductions in body weight, BMI z-score, waist circumference, fat mass and triglycerides; and increases in height, HDL-C and VO2peak (p<0.05). In addition, the group with metabolic syndrome presented reduced systolic blood pressure and increased insulin sensitivity (p<0.05). The risk factors for metabolic syndrome decreased by 72%. CONCLUSION: Following the multidisciplinary intervention, the risk factors decreased, with improvements in physical fitness and metabolic profile. The multidisciplinary intervention was effective in reducing metabolic syndrome.

7345 downloads Cited 17 times in SciELO

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