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Abstract Objectives To evaluate outcomes of oral food challenge (OFC) test to assess tolerance in infants with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) with gastrointestinal manifestations and explore clinical data predictive of these outcomes. Methods Single-center retrospective study including infants (age < 12 months) who were referred for CMA between 2000 and 2018 and underwent OFC on follow-up. A univariate logistic regression test was performed to evaluate variables associated with the outcomes of the follow-up OFC test. Results Eighty-two patients were included, 50% were male. Eighteen patients had a positive OFC test (22%). Most patients had presented with hematochezia (77%). The median age of symptom onset was 30 days. Two-thirds of the patients were on appropriate infant formula (extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid-based formula), exclusively or in association with breastfeeding. The median time on an elimination diet before the OFC test was 8 months (Q1 6 - Q3 11 months). All cases with positive follow-up OFC tests (n= 18) had been exposed to cow's milk-based formula before the first clinical manifestation of CMA. Five out of eight cases with Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) had positive OFC tests. Exposure to cow's milk-based formula before diagnosis, a history of other food allergies, hematochezia and diarrhea were predictors of a positive OFC test. Conclusions In infants with non-IgE-mediated CMPA with gastrointestinal manifestations, the use of cow's milk-based formula, a history of other food allergies, and hematochezia and diarrhea upon initial presentation were associated factors for the later achievement of tolerance.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2023.08.003

Dental pain report in children and genetic polymorphism (rs4818) in Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene: a cross- sectional study
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Menoncin, Bruna Leticia Vessoni

; Fatturi, Aluhê Lopes

; Scariot, Rafaela

; Menezes, José Vitor Nogara Borges

; Brancher, João Armando

; Feltrin-Souza, Juliana

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2024, Volume 32 elocation e20230229

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Aim: Polymorphisms in the COMT gene can alter enzymatic functions, raising levels of endogenous catecholamines, which stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors related to pain. This study aimed to evaluate whether a polymorphism in the COMT gene (rs4818) is associated with dental pain in children. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 731 pairs of children and parents randomly selected from a population-based sample of eight-year-old children. Reports of dental pain was evaluated using a question directed at the parents and self-reported pain using the Faces Pain Scale – Revised. Dental caries experience was determined using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. For genetic analysis, DNA was obtained from oral mucosa epithelial cells of 352 children randomly selected from the initial sample. Results: Children with the CC genotype had higher odds of reporting moderate to intense pain than those with the GG genotype (OR=3.60; 95% CI=0.80–16.20; p=0.03). These same children had greater odds of parental reports of pain (OR=1.93; 95% CI=0.91-4.08; p=0.02). Moreover, lower schooling of parents/guardians and caries experience in the primary dentition were significantly associated with greater odds of a parental report of dental pain (OR=2.06; 95% CI=1.47–2.91; p<0.001; OR=6.26; 95% CI=4.46–8.78; p<0.001). Conclusions: The rs4818 polymorphism of the COMT gene is associated with dental pain. Children with the C allele are more likely to report higher levels of pain. Clinical Relevance: Even though the experience of pain is subjective and multifactorial, this study raises the hypothesis that there is a genetic predisposition to dental pain that should be considered in clinical practice.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0229

Effects of atelectatic areas on the surrounding lung tissue during mechanical ventilation in an experimental model of acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide
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Fonseca, Lídia Maria Carneiro

; Reboredo, Maycon Moura

; Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca

; Fazza, Thaís Fernanda

; Bergamini, Bruno Curty

; Botelho, Mateus Pinto

; Lopes, Gabriele Moura

; Ferreira, Juliana Dias Nascimento

; Carvalho, Erich Vidal

; Pinheiro, Bruno Valle

Critical Care Science

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dec 2023, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 386 - 393

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the effect of atelectasis during mechanical ventilation on the periatelectatic and normal lung regions in a model of atelectasis in rats with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. Methods: Twenty-four rats were randomized into the following four groups, each with 6 animals: the Saline-Control Group, Lipopolysaccharide Control Group, Saline-Atelectasis Group, and Lipopolysaccharide Atelectasis Group. Acute lung injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide. After 24 hours, atelectasis was induced by bronchial blocking. The animals underwent mechanical ventilation for two hours with protective parameters, and respiratory mechanics were monitored during this period. Thereafter, histologic analyses of two regions of interest, periatelectatic areas and the normally-aerated lung contralateral to the atelectatic areas, were performed. Results: The lung injury score was significantly higher in the Lipopolysaccharide Control Group (0.41 ± 0.13) than in the Saline Control Group (0.15 ± 0.51), p < 0.05. Periatelectatic regions showed higher lung injury scores than normally-aerated regions in both the Saline-Atelectasis (0.44 ± 0.06 x 0.27 ± 0.74 p < 0.05) and Lipopolysaccharide Atelectasis (0.56 ± 0.09 x 0.35 ± 0.04 p < 0.05) Groups. The lung injury score in the periatelectatic regions was higher in the Lipopolysaccharide Atelectasis Group (0.56 ± 0.09) than in the periatelectatic region of the Saline-Atelectasis Group (0.44 ± 0.06), p < 0.05. Conclusion: Atelectasis may cause injury to the surrounding tissue after a period of mechanical ventilation with protective parameters. Its effect was more significant in previously injured lungs.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da atelectasia durante a ventilação mecânica nas regiões periatelectáticas e pulmonares normais em um modelo de atelectasia em ratos com lesão pulmonar aguda induzida por lipopolissacarídeo. Métodos: Foram distribuídos aleatoriamente 24 ratos em quatro grupos, cada um com 6 animais: Grupo Salina-Controle, Grupo Lipopolissacarídeo-Controle, Grupo Salina-Atelectasia e Grupo Lipopolissacarídeo-Atelectasia. A lesão pulmonar aguda foi induzida por injeção intraperitoneal de lipopolissacarídeo. Após 24 horas, a atelectasia foi induzida por bloqueio brônquico. Os animais foram submetidos à ventilação mecânica por 2 horas com parâmetros ventilatórios protetores, e a mecânica respiratória foi monitorada durante esse período. Em seguida, foram realizadas análises histológicas de duas regiões de interesse: as áreas periatelectásicas e o pulmão normalmente aerado contralateral às áreas atelectásicas. Resultados: O escore de lesão pulmonar foi significativamente maior no Grupo Controle-Lipopolissacarídeo (0,41 ± 0,13) do que no Grupo Controle-Solução Salina (0,15 ± 0,51), com p < 0,05. As regiões periatelectásicas apresentaram escores maiores de lesão pulmonar do que as regiões normalmente aeradas nos Grupos Atelectasia-Solução Salina (0,44 ± 0,06 versus 0,27 ± 0,74, p < 0,05) e Atelectasia-Lipopolissacarídeo (0,56 ± 0,09 versus 0,35 ± 0,04, p < 0,05). O escore de lesão pulmonar nas regiões periatelectásicas foi maior no Grupo Atelectasia-Lipopolissacarídeo (0,56 ± 0,09) do que na região periatelectásica do Grupo Atelectasia-Solução Salina (0,44 ± 0,06), p < 0,05. Conclusão: A atelectasia pode causar lesão no tecido circundante após um período de ventilação mecânica com parâmetros ventilatórios protetores. Seu efeito foi mais significativo em pulmões previamente lesionados.

https://doi.org/10.5935/2965-2774.20230190-en

Acesso de familiares aos conhecimentos para cuidar em casa de criança com gastrostomia: Estudo qualitativo
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Moraes, Juliana Rezende Montenegro Medeiros de

; Ribeiro, Ana Paula Lopes Pinheiro

; Cabral, Ivone Evangelista

Revista de Enfermagem Referência

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dec 2023, Volume serVI N. 2 elocation e22097

Abstract: En Pt Es | Text: En Pt Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Family caregivers’ information on caring for a child’s gastrostomy at home. Objective: To analyze family caregivers’ access to pediatric gastrostomy home care education. Methodology: This study used an arts-based creative research method (Dinâmica Corpo-Saber do Método Criativo Sensível) with ten family members of hospitalized infants and preschool-aged children. The study was conducted between June and December 2019 in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Lexical analysis was performed using the IRAMUTEQ® software. Results: Family caregivers had access to two sources of information to prepare for their children’s hospital discharge. The first was the education received through nurses’ guidance and demonstration of procedures. The second was the caregivers’ observation of health professionals’ care delivery to their children. Some family caregivers received no guidance, showing limitations in discharge preparation. Conclusion: Families of children fed via gastrotomy tube must be mobilized to deliver safe care based on nursing knowledge. Nurses must consider family members’ needs regarding the continuity of care at home.

Resumo Enquadramento: Conhecimento de familiares cuidadores sobre a gestãodo cuidado de crianças com gastrostomia no processo de cuidar. Objetivo: Analisar o acesso de familiares cuidadores a conhecimentos sobre como cuidar de crianças com gastrostomia em casa. Metodologia: Aplicado a dinâmica corpo-saber do método criativo sensível, com10 familiares de lactentes e pré-escolares, em internamento. Estudo realizado entre junho e dezembro de 2019, em um hospital público do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Utilizou-se a análise lexical, do software Iramuteq®. Resultados: Cuidadores acederam a duas fontes de conhecimentos na preparação para a alta do internamento. A primeira, treino com orientações e demonstração de procedimentos do campo da ciência de enfermagem. A segunda, observação livre dos cuidados prestados pelos profissionais de saúde. Houve cuidadores que não receberam instruções, demonstrando limitação na preparação para a alta. Conclusão: Viver com gastrostomia mobiliza a família para cuidados seguros, dependentes de conhecimentos de enfermagem. Os enfermeiros precisam atentar para às necessidades dos familiares, na continuidade do cuidar em casa.

Resumen Marco contextual: Conocimiento de los cuidadores familiares sobre la gestión de los cuidados de los niños con gastrostomía en el proceso de asistencia. Objetivo: Analizar el acceso de los cuidadores familiares a los conocimientos sobre cómo cuidar a los niños con gastrostomía en casa. Metodología: Aplicada la dinámica cuerpo-conocimiento del método creativo sensible, con 10 familiares de lactantes y preescolares hospitalizados. Estudio realizado entre junio y diciembre de 2019 en un hospital público de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Se utilizó el análisis léxico, del software Iramuteq®. Resultados: Los cuidadores accedieron a dos fuentes de conocimiento en la preparación del alta hospitalaria. La primera, la formación con directrices y demostración de procedimientos en el campo de la ciencia enfermera. La segunda, la observación libre de los cuidados prestados por los profesionales sanitarios. Hubo cuidadores que no recibieron instrucciones y mostraron limitaciones en la preparación para el alta. Conclusión: Vivir con una gastrostomía moviliza a la familia para conseguir unos cuidados seguros, basados en los conocimientos de enfermería. Los enfermeros deben prestar atención a las necesidades de los familiares dentro de la continuidad de los cuidados en el domicilio.

https://doi.org/10.12707/rvi22097

Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders guidelines for the treatment of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder. Part II: cognitive-behavioral therapy
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Mathis, Maria Alice de

; Chacon, Priscila

; Boavista, Rodrigo

; de Oliveira, Marcos Vinícius Sousa

; de Barros, Pedro Macul Ferreira

; Echevarria, Marco Antonio Nocito

; Ferrão, Ygor Arzeno

; Vattimo, Edoardo Filippo de Queiroz

; Lopes, Antônio Carlos

; Torres, Albina Rodrigues

; Diniz, Juliana Belo

; Fontenelle, Leonardo

; do Rosário, Maria Conceição

; Shavitt, Roseli Gedanke

; da Silva, Renata de Melo Felipe

; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino

; Costa, Daniel Lucas da Conceição

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2023, Volume 45 N. 5 Pages 431 - 447

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objectives: To summarize evidence-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment and propose clinical interventions for adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: The literature on CBT interventions for adult OCD, including BT and exposure and response prevention, was systematically reviewed to develop updated clinical guidelines for clinicians, providing comprehensive details about the necessary procedures for the CBT protocol. We searched the literature from 2013-2020 in five databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, PsycINFO, and Lilacs) regarding study design, primary outcome measures, publication type, and language. Selected articles were assessed for quality with validated tools. Treatment recommendations were classified according to levels of evidence developed by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Results: We examined 44 new studies used to update the 2013 American Psychiatric Association guidelines. High-quality evidence supports CBT with exposure and response prevention techniques as a first-line treatment for OCD. Protocols for Internet-delivered CBT have also proven efficacious for adults with OCD. Conclusion: High-quality scientific evidence supports the use of CBT with exposure and response prevention to treat adults with OCD.

https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3081

Effect of melatonin on otoprotection in rodents: a systematic review with meta-analysis
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Assumpção, Natália Lombardi

; Araújo, Juliana Gusmão de

; Serra, Lucieny Silva Martins

; Ribeiro, Vanessa Veis

; Sampaio, Maria Luiza Queiroz

; Caram, Andressa Alves

; Sampaio, André Luiz Lopes

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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oct 2023, Volume 89 N. 5 elocation 101288

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives: To determinate the otoprotective efficacy of melatonin.in experimental models of rodents through a systematic review of the literature. Methods: Altogether, 154 articles were found in four databases. The PICOS strategy (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) was used to define the eligibility criteria. Studies that met the inclusion criteria for the second step were included in a qualitative synthesis. Each study type was analyzed with the CAMARADES quality of assessment’s checklist and the SYRCLE RoBS risk of bias. Results: Seven articles were selected, and four were included in the meta-analysis. It was possible to obtain seven outcomes according to the standard auditory frequencies presented among the studies, considering a minimum of three standard frequencies. The outcomes analyzed were for the frequencies of 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, and 8000 Hz. Conclusion: Melatonin can provide protection against the ototoxic effects of cisplatin and aminoglycosides at 5000 Hz, 6000 Hz, and 8000 Hz, thereby minimizing the reduction in Otoacustic Emissions (OAE) amplitude. The same effect was not observed in the lower frequencies. Despite the limited number of studies that were evaluated, the results appeared consistent in higher frequencies. However, the methodology of the available studies did not meet the necessary methodological rigor that promotes the safe replicability of these studies.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101288

Physical rehabilitation in Brazilian pediatric intensive care units: a multicenter point prevalence study
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Redivo, Juliana

; Kannan, Harini

; Souza, Andreia Aparecida Freitas

; Colleti Junior, José

; Kudchadkar, Sapna Ravi

; Horigoshi, Nelson Kazunobu

; Costa, Graziela de Araújo

; Castilho, Taísa Roberta Ramos de

; Peron, Paula Peres Domingues

; Scaranto, Walter Perez

; Medeiros, Daniela Nasu Monteiro

; Matsumoto, Toshio

; Almeida, Carlos Gustavo de

; Oliveira, Felipe Rezende Caino de

; Brandão, Marcelo Barciela

; Lima-Setta, Fernanda

; Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo

; Xavier, Glaciele Nascimento

; Andrade, Livia Barbosa de

; Aguiar, Agda Ultra de

; Coutinho, Marcos Paulo Galdino

; Castro, Roberta Esteves Viera de

; Landy, Glazia André

; Balaniuc, Suzana Lopes Bonfim

; Yamaguchi, Ricardo Silveira

Critical Care Science

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sep 2023, Volume 35 N. 3 Pages 290 - 301

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with the physical rehabilitation of critically ill children in Brazilian pediatric intensive care units. Methods: A 2-day, cross-sectional, multicenter point prevalence study comprising 27 pediatric intensive care units (out of 738) was conducted in Brazil in April and June 2019. This Brazilian study was part of a large multinational study called Prevalence of Acute Rehabilitation for Kids in the PICU (PARK-PICU). The primary outcome was the prevalence of mobility provided by physical therapy or occupational therapy. Clinical data on patient mobility, potential mobility safety events, and mobilization barriers were prospectively collected in patients admitted for ≥ 72 hours. Results: Children under the age of 3 years comprised 68% of the patient population. The prevalence of therapist-provided mobility was 74%, or 277 out of the 375 patient-days. Out-of-bed mobility was most positively associated with family presence (adjusted odds ratios 3.31;95%CI 1.70 - 6.43) and most negatively associated with arterial lines (adjusted odds ratios 0.16; 95%CI 0.05 - 0.57). Barriers to mobilization were reported on 27% of patient-days, the most common being lack of physician order (n = 18). Potential safety events occurred in 3% of all mobilization events. Conclusion: Therapist-provided mobility in Brazilian pediatric intensive care units is frequent. Family presence was high and positively associated with out-of-bed mobility. The presence of physiotherapists 24 hours a day in Brazilian pediatric intensive care units may have a substantial impact on the mobilization of critically ill children.

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à reabilitação física de crianças em estado grave em unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileiras. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo de prevalência pontual multicêntrico, transversal, de 2 dias, abrangendo 27 unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica (do total de 738) no Brasil em abril e junho de 2019. Este estudo brasileiro fez parte de um grande estudo multinacional chamado Prevalence of Acute Rehabilitation for Kids in the PICU (PARK-PICU). O desfecho primário foi a prevalência de mobilidade proporcionada pela fisioterapia ou pela terapia ocupacional. Foram coletados prospectivamente dados clínicos sobre a mobilidade do paciente, possíveis eventos de segurança de mobilidade e barreiras de mobilização em pacientes admitidos por ≥ 72 horas. Resultados: As crianças com idade inferior a 3 anos eram 68% da população de pacientes. A prevalência de mobilidade fornecida pelo terapeuta foi de 74%, ou 277 dos 375 pacientes-dia. A mobilidade para fora do leito foi mais positivamente associada à presença de familiares (razão de chance ajustada de 3,31; IC95% 1,70 - 6,43) e mais negativamente associada às linhas arteriais (razão de chance ajustada de 0,16; IC95% 0,05 - 0,57). Foram relatadas barreiras à mobilização em 27% dos pacientes-dia, sendo a mais comum a falta de prescrição médica (n = 18). Registaram-se eventuais eventos de segurança em 3% de todos os eventos de mobilização. Conclusão: A mobilidade proporcionada pelo terapeuta nas unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileiras é frequente. A presença de familiares foi alta e positivamente associada à mobilidade para fora do leito. A presença de fisioterapeutas 24 horas por dia nas unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileiras pode exercer papel importante na mobilização de crianças em estado grave.

https://doi.org/10.5935/2965-2774.20230388-en

“A Dívida Impagável”: Denise Ferreira da Silva e suas implicações para o Direito, ou reflexões sobre uma obra irresenhável A Impagável Impagável” Direito
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Vilela, Ana Laura Silva

; Lopes, Juliana Araújo

Revista Direito e Práxis

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sep 2023, Volume 14 N. 3 Pages 2178 - 2200

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8966/2022/69758

Pediatric palliative medicine in Brazil: an ethical reflection of medical practice
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Rocha, Anderson de Almeida

; Freitas, Lurdiano

; Cesconetto, Juliana

; Calhau Rebouças, Lara

; Barreto Salomão, Vitória

; Lopes Nunes, Rui Manuel

Acta bioethica

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jun 2023, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 39 - 48

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumo: As barreiras éticas envolvidas na prática da medicina paliativa pediátrica ainda são grandes e desafiadoras. No que diz respeito à ética médica, deve-se prestar atenção à cultura, religião e valores familiares, a fim de pro-mover um cuidado adequado para os cuidadores, mesmo em caso de perda do paciente, promovendo um pro-cesso de luto com menos sofrimento. Os dados foram analisados qualitativamente pelo software IRAMU-TEQ, com um alto grau de significância das respostas dos ensaios sobre ética relacionada aos cuidados palia-tivos em pediatria. As discussões sobre prognóstico, objetivos de cuidados e opções de tratamento podem ser extremamente desafiadoras, uma vez que as alternativas de cuidados paliativos legalmente suportadas podem divergir dos desejos da família. Nosso estudo conclui que existem divergências entre a implementação da medicina paliativa e a ética em relação à aceitação e manejo do fim da vida de pacientes pediátricos. Os desa-fios éticos são constantemente situações complexas em que os médicos paliativistas devem relacionar concei-tos legais, conhecimento e valores familiares, que frequentemente entram em conflito. A qualidade dos cuida-dos paliativos depende inicialmente da capacidade de profissionais especializados identificarem e explicarem as questões éticas que levam a conflitos ou incertezas, além de levantar discussões com a família sobre ques-tões médicas, morais e legais que cercam a situação difícil.

Resumen: Las barreras éticas involucradas en la práctica de la medicina paliativa pediátrica siguen siendo altas y desafiantes. En términos de ética médica, se debe prestar atención a la cultura, la religión y los valores familiares, con el fin de promover una atención adecuada a los cuidadores, incluso en caso de pérdida de un paciente, promoviendo un proceso de duelo con menos sufrimiento. Los datos fueron analizados cualitativamente por el software IRAMUTEQ, con un alto grado de significación de las respuestas de los ensayos sobre la ética relacionada con los cuidados paliativos en pediatría. Las discusiones sobre el pronóstico, los objetivos de los cuidados y las opciones de tratamiento pueden ser muy difíciles, ya que las alternativas de cuidados paliativos legalmente respaldadas pueden divergir de los deseos de la familia. Se concluye que existen divergencias entre la aplicación de la medicina paliativa y la ética en relación con la aceptación y la gestión del final de la vida de los pacientes pediátricos. Los retos éticos son situaciones constantemente complejas en las que los médicos paliativos deben relacionar conceptos jurídicos, conocimientos y valores familiares, que a menudo entran en conflicto. La calidad de los cuidados paliativos depende inicialmente de la capacidad de los profesionales especializados para identificar y explicar las cuestiones éticas que generan conflicto o incertidumbre, además de plantear debates con la familia sobre las cuestiones médicas, morales y jurídicas que rodean la difícil situación.

Abstract: The ethical barriers involved in the practice of pediatric palliative medicine remain high and challenging. In terms of medical ethics, attention should be paid to culture, religion and family values, in order to promote adequate care for caregivers, even in case of loss of a patient, promoting a bereavement process with less suffering. The data were qualitatively analyzed by IRAMUTEQ software, with a high degree of significance of essay responses on ethics related to palliative care in pediatrics. Discussions about prognosis, goals of care, and treatment options can be very difficult, as legally supported palliative care alternatives may diverge from the wishes of the family. We conclude that divergences exist between the application of palliative medicine and ethics regarding acceptance and end-of-life management of pediatric patients. Ethical challenges are constantly complex situations in which palliative physicians must relate legal concepts, knowledge and family values, which often conflict. The quality of palliative care depends initially on the ability of specialized professionals to identify and explain the ethical issues that generate conflict or uncertainty, in addition to raising discussions with the family about the medical, moral and legal issues surrounding the difficult situation.

10.

Carga das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis nos Países de Língua Portuguesa
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Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Gomes, Crizian Saar

; Veloso, Guilherme Augusto

; Souza, Juliana Bottoni de

; Oliveira, Patrícia Pereira Vasconcelos de

; Ferreira, Albano Vicente Lopes

; Nagavi, Mohsen

; Ferrinho, Paulo

; Freitas, Paula Carvalho de

; Ribeiro, Antônio Luiz Pinho

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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may 2023, Volume 28 N. 5 Pages 1549 - 1562

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Foram analisadas tendências da mortalidade prematura por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) entre 1990 e 2019, as projeções até 2030 e os fatores de risco atribuíveis a estas doenças na Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP). Utilizou-se estimativas do estudo Carga Global de Doenças e análise da carga de mortalidade prematura por DCNT para nove países da CPLP, utilizando taxas padronizadas por idade, usando-se RStudio. Portugal, Brasil, Guiné Equatorial, Angola e Guiné Bissau apresentam taxas de mortalidade prematura por DCNT em declínio e; Timor Leste, Cabo Verde, São Tomé e Príncipe e Moçambique apresentaram aumento das taxas. As projeções indicam que nenhum dos países deverá atingir as metas de redução em um terço da mortalidade prematura por DCNT até 2030. A carga de doença atribuível mostrou que os fatores de riscos mais importantes em 2019 foram: pressão arterial sistólica elevada, tabaco, riscos dietéticos, índice de massa corporal elevado e poluição do ar. Conclui-se pelas profundas diferenças na carga de DCNT entre os países, com melhores resultados em Portugal e Brasil e que nenhum país do CPLP deverá atingir a meta de redução das DCNT até 2030.

Abstract The present study analyzed trends in premature mortality from Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) between 1990 and 2019, the projections up to 2030, and the risk factors (RFs) attributable to these diseases in the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP). Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and the analysis of the burden of premature mortality due to NCDs were used for nine CPLP countries, applying age-standardized rates, using RStudio. Portugal, Brazil, Equatorial Guinea, Angola, and Guinea Bissau showed declining premature mortality rates caused by NCDs, while East Timor, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Mozambique showed an increase in rates. Projections indicate that none of the countries is expected to achieve the goals of reducing premature mortality due to NCDs by one third by 2030. The attributable burden of disease showed that the most important RFs in 2019 were: high systolic blood pressure (SBP), tobacco, dietary risks, high body mass index (BMI), and air pollution. It can therefore be concluded that there are profound differences in the burden of NCDs among the countries, with better results in Portugal and Brazil, and that no CPLP country is likely to reach the NCD reduction target by 2030.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023285.11622022

11.

Selection of desirable characters for papaya genetic improvement programs associated with hydric and thermal stress
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Costa, Taís F.

; Lopes, Beatriz G.

; Faria, Glaucia A.

; Ribeiro, Otavio A. P. da S.

; Suares-Rocha, Paula

; Lima, Juliana F. de

; Felizardo, Lucas M.

; Furlani Junior, Enes

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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may 2023, Volume 27 N. 5 Pages 422 - 428

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Papaya cultivation is widespread in Brazil, particularly in the states of Bahia and Espírito Santo, where most commercial plantations are concentrated. Owing to the economic and social importance of papaya, the present study aimed to determine the explanatory variables between the genotypes of two cultivars: Golden (from the Soil group) and Tainung Nº 1 hybrid (from the Formosa group), cultivated under high temperatures and hydric stress. The genotypes containing more desirable agronomic characteristics were identified for use in plant genetic improvement programs. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to select the desirable genotypes for Golden and Tainung Nº 1 cultivars based on specific variables analyzed for two groups of variables; for group 1, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf number were analyzed, whereas for group 2, the leaf and root dry mass, stem dry mass and fresh mass of 10 discs, fresh mass, and stem and root fresh mass were analyzed. When exposed to hydric and thermal stress, the Tainung Nº 1 cultivar outperformed the Golden cultivar for the evaluation characteristics selected for use in genetic improvement programs.

RESUMO No Brasil, o cultivo do mamão é difundido, principalmente nos estados da Bahia e Espírito Santo, onde se concentra a maior parte dos plantios comerciais. Devido à importância econômica e social do mamão, este estudo teve como objetivo determinar variáveis explicativas entre os genótipos de mamoeiro, cultivados sob altas temperaturas e condições de estresse hídrico, para definir quais contêm características agronômicas mais desejáveis para serem utilizadas em programas de melhoramento genético de plantas. Para isso, a análise de componentes principais foi aplicada para selecionar genótipos desejáveis para as cultivares Golden e Tainung Nº 1, com base em dois grupos de variáveis: grupo 1 - altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, comprimento da folha, largura da folha e número de folhas; e grupo 2 - massa seca da folha, massa seca da raiz, massa seca do caule, massa seca de 10 discos, massa fresca de 10 discos, massa fresca, massa fresca do caule e massa fresca da raiz. A cultivar Tainung Nº 1 do grupo Formosa apresentou vantagens em relação à cultivar Golden, quando submetida a condições de estresse hídrico e térmico para as características de avaliação sendo mais indicada para ser utilizada em programas de melhoramento genético.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p422-428

12.

Carga das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis nos Países de Língua Portuguesa
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Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Gomes, Crizian Saar

; Veloso, Guilherme Augusto

; Souza, Juliana Bottoni de

; Oliveira, Patrícia Pereira Vasconcelos de

; Ferreira, Albano Vicente Lopes

; Nagavi, Mohsen

; Ferrinho, Paulo

; Freitas, Paula Carvalho de

; Ribeiro, Antônio Luiz Pinho

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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may 2023, Volume 28 N. 5 Pages 1549 - 1562

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023285.11622022

13.

Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders guidelines for the treatment of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder. Part I: pharmacological treatment
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de Oliveira, Marcos Vinícius Sousa

; de Barros, Pedro Macul Ferreira

; de Mathis, Maria Alice

; Boavista, Rodrigo

; Chacon, Priscila

; Echevarria, Marco Antonio Nocito

; Ferrão, Ygor Arzeno

; Vattimo, Edoardo Felippo de Queiroz

; Lopes, Antônio Carlos

; Torres, Albina Rodrigues

; Diniz, Juliana Belo

; Fontenelle, Leonardo F.

; Rosário, Maria Conceição do

; Shavitt, Roseli Gedanke

; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino

; da Silva, Renata de Melo Felipe

; Costa, Daniel Lucas da Conceição

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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apr 2023, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 146 - 161

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objectives: To summarize evidence-based pharmacological treatments and provide guidance on clinical interventions for adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: The American Psychiatric Association (APA) guidelines for the treatment of OCD (2013) were updated with a systematic review assessing the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for adult OCD, comprising monotherapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), clomipramine, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and augmentation strategies with clomipramine, antipsychotics, and glutamate-modulating agents. We searched for the literature published from 2013-2020 in five databases, considering the design of the study, primary outcome measures, types of publication, and language. Selected articles had their quality assessed with validated tools. Treatment recommendations were classified according to levels of evidence developed by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA). Results: We examined 57 new studies to update the 2013 APA guidelines. High-quality evidence supports SSRIs for first-line pharmacological treatment of OCD. Moreover, augmentation of SSRIs with antipsychotics (risperidone, aripiprazole) is the most evidence-based pharmacological intervention for SSRI-resistant OCD. Conclusion: SSRIs, in the highest recommended or tolerable doses for 8-12 weeks, remain the first-line treatment for adult OCD. Optimal augmentation strategies for SSRI-resistant OCD include low doses of risperidone or aripiprazole. Pharmacological treatments considered ineffective or potentially harmful, such as monotherapy with antipsychotics or augmentation with ketamine, lamotrigine, or N-acetylcysteine, have also been detailed.

https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2891

14.

Applicability of an immersive virtual reality system to assess egocentric orientation of older adults
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Silva, Juliana Magalhães da

; Santos, Michelle Didone dos

; Costa, Raquel Quimas Molina da

; Moretto, Emerson Galves

; Viveiro, Larissa Alamino Pereira de

; Lopes, Roseli de Deus

; Brucki, Sonia Maria Dozzi

; Pompeu, José Eduardo

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jan 2023, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 19 - 26

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Spatial orientation is a cognitive domain frequently compromised in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and may be one of its first clinical manifestations. Some studies have shown that allocentric integration with egocentric spatial information seems to be impaired in this pathology. There is no consensus on how best to assess spatial orientation and traditional tests lack ecological validity, but, recently, virtual reality (VR) has provided new opportunities for this assessment. Objectives To analyze the applicability and stability of an immersive virtual task developed to assess spatial orientation, the Spatial Orientation in Immersive Virtual Environment Maze Test (SOIVET-Maze) in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment. Methods Forty-three older adults were included in the study, 24 without cognitive impairment and 19 with mild cognitive impairment. Applicability was assessed by the Witmer and Singer Sense of Presence Questionnaire and a questionnaire for adverse events of cybersickness. To assess stability, participants were assessed twice with an interval of 7 to 14 days, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated between visits. The t test or the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare applicability and stability between groups. Results There was no significant difference between the groups regarding applicability. A strong correlation between the first and second day of testing was found in the mild cognitive impairment group. Conclusion The SOIVET-Maze task showed excellent applicability and good stability, favoring its clinical application for the evaluation of spatial orientation in older adults.

Resumo Antecedentes A orientação espacial é um domínio cognitivo frequentemente comprometido em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA) e pode ser uma das suas primeiras manifestações clínicas. Alguns estudos demonstraram que a integração alocêntrica com informações espaciais egocêntricas parece prejudicada nessa patologia. Não há um consenso sobre qual a melhor forma de avaliar a orientação espacial e os testes tradicionais carecem de validade ecológica; porém, recentemente, a realidade virtual (RV) proporcionou novas oportunidades para esta avaliação. Objetivos Analisar a aplicabilidade e estabilidade de uma tarefa virtual imersiva desenvolvida para avaliar a orientação espacial, o Spatial Orientation in Immersive Virtual Environment Maze Test (SOIVET-Maze) em idosos com e sem comprometimento cognitivo leve. Métodos Quarenta e três idosos foram incluídos no estudo, 24 sem comprometimento cognitivo e 19 com comprometimento cognitivo leve. A aplicabilidade foi avaliada pelo Witmer and Singer Sense of Presence Questionnaire e um questionário para eventos adversos de cybersickness. Para avaliar a estabilidade, os participantes foram avaliados 2 vezes com intervalo de 7 a 14 dias, e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse foi calculado entre as visitas. O teste t ou o teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para comparar a aplicabilidade e estabilidade entre os grupos. Resultados Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos quanto à aplicabilidade. Uma forte correlação entre o primeiro e o segundo dia de teste foi encontrada no grupo de comprometimento cognitivo leve. Conclusão A tarefa SOIVET-Maze apresentou excelente aplicabilidade e boa estabilidade, favorecendo sua aplicação clínica para avaliação da orientação espacial em idosos.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759762

15.

Overview of SARS-COV-2 infection at the Butantan Penitentiary Progression Center
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Andrade, Soraya Gomes de Amorim

; Andrade, Fernando Moreira

; Silva, Anderson da

; Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves

; Ferraz, Guilherme Rodrigues

; Barros, Eliana Nogueira Castro de

; Braga, Patrícia Emilia

; Cristófalo, Milena Martello

; Vieira, Júlia Rabello Guerra

; Lopes, Carolina de Souza

; Niyama, Alyne

; Carvalho, Juliana Lima de

; Aldrighi, José Mendes

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2023, Volume 57 Suppl. 1 elocation 10s

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência da exposição ao vírus SARS-CoV-2 entre indivíduos vivendo em restrição de liberdade. MÉTODOS Foi realizado inquérito de soroprevalência com a população da penitenciária feminina do Centro de Progressão Penitenciária (CPP) do Butantan (município de São Paulo), entre 24 de junho e 20 de agosto de 2020. Nesse período, segundo a Secretaria de Administração Penitenciária (SAP), a positividade dos testes rápidos entre detentos variou de 65 a 78%. O método de avaliação utilizado no estudo foi o teste rápido “One Step COVID-19” (cromatografia), da empresa Wondfo, empregando-se também o método RT-PCR em participantes sintomáticos para confirmação do quadro viral. A população do estudo foi constituída por 879 reeducandas e 170 funcionários da instituição. RESULTADOS A prevalência de anticorpos totais (IgG/IgM) contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2 na população total de 1.049 participantes do estudo foi de 6,1%; entre a população de 879 reeducandas foi observada prevalência de 5,8% e entre os servidores da instituição, 7,5%. CONCLUSÃO Houve baixa prevalência de covid-19 no CPP do Butantan, o que se deve à implementação de medidas de prevenção simples na instituição, como o uso de máscaras (com trocas adequadas), ênfase na higiene, lavagem das mãos e distanciamento social, além de outras estratégias, como suspensão de visitas de familiares e amigos das reeducandas, cortes de consultas médicas eletivas e do trabalho externo.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among individuals living in restricted freedom. METHODS A seroprevalence survey was carried out with the population of the female penitentiary of the Centro de Progressão Penitenciária (CPP) in Butantan (municipality of São Paulo), between June 24 and August 20, 2020. During this period, according to the Secretariat of Penitentiary Administration (SAP), the positivity of rapid tests among inmates ranged from 65% to 78%. The evaluation method used in the study was the “One Step COVID-19” rapid test (chromatography), from the company Wondfo, also using the RT-PCR method in symptomatic participants to confirm the viral condition. The study population consisted of 879 female inmates and 170 employees of the institution. RESULTS The prevalence of total antibodies (IgG/IgM) against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the total population of 1049 study participants was 6.1%; among the population of 879 inmates,a prevalence of 5.8% was observed, and among the institution’s employees, 7.5%. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of covid-19 at the Butantan CPP was low, which is due to the implementation of simple prevention measures at the institution, such as the use of masks (with appropriate changes), emphasis on hygiene, hand washing and social distancing, in addition to other strategies, such as suspending inmates’ visits from relatives and friends and cutting back on elective medical appointments and outside work.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004717

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