One of the greatest challenges faced by agriculture is the use of agrochemicals and the balance between food production and environmental problems associated with the excessive use of these substances. To overcome this issue, pheromones have been used to trap pests that harm crops. This work reports the use of a layered monocarboxylate, manganese laurate (MnL2), as adsorbing matrix for undecan-2-one (methyl nonyl ketone (MNK)), one of the components of the pheromone of the insect Lobiopa insularis, which is a pest in the strawberry cultivar. The manganese laurate was synthesized by a coprecipitation method and was later characterized using X-ray diffractometry, vibrational spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The characterization techniques showed that MNK was adsorbed in the manganese laurate structure in a range of 0.08 to 1.13 mg g-1, and this interaction was investigated in a factorial design experiment, in which the variables temperature, time of contact, and matrix:MNK ratio were investigated. A negative effect of increasing temperatures was observed and attributed to substrate volatilization. The adsorption was favored in increasing molar ratios and times of contact, and ideal conditions for the adsorption could be found, indicating that manganese laurate could be applied in controlled-release tests.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing grain sorghum (GS) with palm kernel cake (PKC) on the performance, carcass traits and meat quality of feedlot steers fed high-grain diets. Forty male ¹/4 Holstein * ¹/4 Nellore steers with an initial weight of 331.1 ± 36.2 kg, at 24 ± 2 months of age, were housed in group stalls (10 cattle/stall) where they received diets containing 0, 80, 160, or 240 g/kg PKC on a dietary dry matter basis. After 126 days, the animals were slaughtered and their carcass and meat evaluated. The replacement of GS with PKC did not influence empty body weight, carcass weight, carcass length, or carcass yield. However, the thickness of subcutaneous fat in the carcass decreased with the replacement of GS with PKC. The meat pH increased linearly, whereas there were no changes in cooking loss, shear force, lightness (L*), and fat or cholesterol contents in the meat of the steers. Partial replacement (41,57%) of GS with PKC is recommended, with an inclusion of up to 240 g/kg PKC in high-grain diets for steers.

Abstract In this paper, a new methodology is applied to optimize the geometry of conductors of overhead transmission lines (TL) with high precision and low computational cost. This methodology is based on the sensitivity analysis of the electrical charge of the transmission lines using the adjoint method. This information is used with the gradient method and the golden section algorithm to minimize the electric field at the ground level of three-phase TL with two cables per phase. The approximation using central finite differences to obtain sensitivity is adopted for validation and comparisons. The TL's with high surge impedance loading is obtained after the optimization process.

RESUMEN La hiperplasia folicular linfoide (HFL) es una proliferación linfoide reactiva que puede simular linfomas, tanto clínica como histológicamente. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las características clínicas, morfológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de una serie de casos de HFL en la cavidad oral y discutir importantes aspectos diagnósticos y diagnósticos diferenciales en relación con los linfomas foliculares. Un análisis retrospectivo de los registros de una base de datos de 38 años reveló nueve casos diagnosticados como HFL de la cavidad oral. La edad de los pacientes osciló entre 8 y 44 años. La mayoría de las lesiones se localizaron en la mucosa oral y la presencia de un nódulo indoloro fue el hallazgo clínico más común. El análisis histopatológico reveló proliferación de células linfoides dispuestas en patrón folicular, presentando folículos primarios y secundarios con centro germinal y zona del manto, con evidencia de macrófagos que contenían cuerpos apoptóticos en su interior, así como evidencia de figuras de mitosis típicas. Observamos el área interfolicular, los linfocitos, los macrófagos e las islas epimioepiteliales. El análisis inmunohistoquímico reveló positividad de folículos linfoides para CD20, CD68, CD3 y linfoma de células B2 (Bcl-2). La presentación clínica de HFL y las evidencias histopatológicas de folículos linfáticos que muestran centros germinales indistintos con una zona del manto mal definida pueden ser un problema debido a la similitud con el linfoma folicular.

Abstract Non-destructive evaluation of multilayer media represents an electromagnetic inverse problem, usually solved with analysis techniques in the time and frequency domains. The time- domain analysis technique depends directly on the accurate detection of reflected peaks measured by ground-penetrating radar (GPR), which limits this technique when the reflected pulses overlap with each other or the transmitted signal. Therefore, this paper presents a new practical methodology to obtain the antenna design requirements (operating frequency and temporal response) that avoid overlapping reflected pulses. The major finding is that the proposed methodology enables the production of specific antennas for the analyzed homogeneous and low-loss dielectric multilayer problem, serving as a practical guide for GPR antenna design. A typical pavement example is analyzed to apply the methodology, and, as a result, an ultra-wideband (UWB) directive antenna with tolerable dispersion is obtained according to the design specifications. Finally, the antenna simulations were compared and validated with measurements.

RESUMO O cementoblastoma é um tumor odontogênico mesenquimal benigno, de crescimento lento e ilimitado. Devido à sua raridade, relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 24 anos, que apresentou queixas álgicas e aumento de volume na região mandibular esquerda. Os exames de imagem identificaram lesão hiperdensa com halo hipodenso, associada às raízes dos elementos 35, 36 e 37. O exame histopatológico foi importante para o diagnóstico de cementoblastoma. O tratamento proposto consistiu na enucleação da massa tumoral junto à exodontia dos dentes envolvidos e à osteotomia do remanescente ósseo. A paciente encontra-se em acompanhamento há um ano, sem sinais de recidiva.

ABSTRACT Cementoblastoma is a benign, slow-growing, and unlimited mesenchymal dental tumor. Due to its rarity, we aimed to report the case of a 24-year-old female patient who presented pain complaints and increased volume in the left mandibular region. Imaging tests showed a hyperdense lesion with hypodense halo, associated with the roots of elements 35, 36, and 37. Histopathology revealed diagnosis of cementoblastoma. The proposed treatment consisted of the enucleation of the tumor mass together with the exodontia of the teeth involved and osteotomy of the bone remnant. The patient has been under follow-up for one year with no signs of recurrence.

RESUMEN El cementoblastoma es un tumor odontogénico benigno mesenquimático de crecimiento lento e ilimitado. Debido a su raridad, reportamos el caso de una paciente femenina de 24 años, que presentó quejas de dolor y aumento de volumen en región mandibular izquierda. En las pruebas de imagen se identificó una lesión hiperdensa con halo hipodenso, asociada a las raíces de las piezas dentales 35, 36 y 37. El examen histopatológico fue importante para el diagnóstico de cementoblastoma. El tratamiento propuesto consistió en la enucleación de la masa tumoral, la exodoncia de los dientes involucrados y la osteotomía del remanente óseo. La paciente se encuentra en seguimiento hace un año, sin signos de recaída.

Abstract The therapeutic effects from Citrus reticulata on painful inflammatory ailments are associated to its flavonoids constituent and phytochemical studies with Citrus genus affirm that the peels have important amounts of it. These bioactive compounds have been a considerable therapeutic source and evaluate potential application of the peel extract is significant. This research aims to investigate the influence of ethanolic crude extract from the peels of Citrus reticulata and its possible mechanism of action in different animal models of pain. The extract reduced hyperalgesia in the second phase of formalin test (vehicle: 501.5 ± 40.0 s; C. reticulata extract 300 mg/kg: 161.8 ± 41.1 s), in the carrageenan model (vehicle at 4th h: 82.5 ± 9.6 %; C. reticulata extract 300 mg/kg at 4th h: 47.5 ± 6.5 %) and in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant model (vehicle: 501.5 ± 40.0 s; C. reticulata extract 300 mg/kg: 161.8 ± 41.1 s). The possible contribution of opioidergic and adenosinergic systems in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of C. reticulata extract was observed after treatment, with non-selective antagonists for both systems, which produced reversal effects. In conclusion, these properties of C. reticulata extract suggest a potential therapeutic benefit in treating painful conditions.

RESUMEN Introducción: La administración de un fármaco agonista de un alfa- 2-adrenérgicos asociado con la técnica del cateterismo uretral, es un método de desarrollo reciente en la recolección seminal en felinos, ofreciendo las ventajas sobre la recolecta por electroeyaculación y la recolecta epididimaria. La técnica se ha probado en Panthera onca y felinos de pequeño porte. Objetivos: Realizar la recolección seminal en felinos neotropicales utilizando la técnica de cateterización uretral. Determinar los parámetros testiculares y seminales de muestras recolectadas por la técnica de cateterización uretral. Metodología: En este estudio se utilizó un individuo por especie de Panthera onca, Puma yagouaroundi yLeopardus wedii localizados en el parque Zoobotánico Getúlio Vargas, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. El semen fue recolectado por medio del cateterismo uretral y se utilizaron los farmácos: clorhidrato de medetomidina (0.1 mg /kg) y ketamina (5.0 mg /kg). Durante el desarrollo del procedimiento, se realizó la recolecta de los datos biométricos corporales y testiculares, así como la ultrasonografía de los testículos. Mediante microscopia óptica, en las muestras seminales se determinó: el vigor espermático, motilidad total, motilidad progresiva, la integridad estructural y funcional de la membrana plasmática y la morfología espermática. Las muestras se sometieron al proceso de congelación - descongelación utilizando tres diferentes crioprotectores. Las muestras descongeladas fueron evaluadas por microscopía convencional, análisis seminal computarizado y citometría de flujo. Resultados: En este estudio fue realizado con éxito la técnica de recolección seminal en las tres especies, siendo el primer estudio que informa de los parámetros seminales deP. yagouaroundiy el primero que reporta la recolección seminal uretral en L. wiedii. Los datos presentados describen de forma pionera la morfocinética espermática de las especies incluidas. No hubo diferencias (P > 0.05) en la calidad seminal evaluando por grupo de crioprotector, ni diferencias en la integridad de las membranas pré e post-congelamento. Fue posible solamente la comparación con otras técnicas de recolección seminal o con resultados de calidad seminal obtenidos de muestras de gato doméstico. Conclusión: La cateterización uretral asociada al fármaco alfa- 2-adrenérgicos es una técnica eficiente para la recolección seminal en felinos neotropicales. El establecimiento de una potencial asociación de las características físicas del animal y la calidad seminal, es información de suma importancia en la aplicabilidad para la elección de reproductores en los programas de reproducción asistida.

Abstract Introduction: The urethral catheterization associated with the application of alfa- 2 adrenergic agonist drug is a recent development and application technique for the collection of feline semen, with advantages over electro-ejaculation harvesting and epididymal harvesting. Objetives: Seminal collection in neotropical felines using the urethral catheterization technique. Determine the testicular and seminal parameters of samples collected by the urethral cataterization technique. Methods: The technique has been tested on Panthera onca and others small cats. In this study, individuals of Panthera onca, Puma yagouaroundi and Leopardus wiedii were used in captivity at Getulio Vargas Zoobotanical Park, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Medetomidine hydrochloride (0.1 mg/kg) and ketamine (5.0 mg/kg) were used as sedatives, the semen was collected by urethral catheterization. In the process were checked the testicular biometry was performed with percutaner and ultrasonography technique. The fresh samples were evaluated for conventional microscopy in the parameters of volume, sperm vigor, total motility, progressive motility, structural and functional integrity of the plasmatic membrane and sperm morphology. The samples were subjected to a freeze - thaw process using three different extenders. The thawed samples were tested using conventional microscopy, automated system analysis and flow cytometry. Results: In this study, the urethral harvest technique was successfully used in the three species. In the literature used don’t have report about seminal parameters in P. yagouaroundi and urethral seminal collection in L. wiedii. The data presented describe the spermatic morphocinetics of the included species in a pioneer study. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the seminal quality evaluating the extender, nor differences in the integrity of pre and post-freeze membranes of the samples. Conclusion: The urethral catheterization associated with the application of alfa- 2 adrenergic agonist drug it’s an efficient technique for semen collection in neotropical cats. The establishment of a potential association of physical characteristics with seminal quality is extremely important information on the applicability of reproductive traits in assisted reproduction programs.

Resumo Triatoma lecticularia (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) (Stal, 1859) é um potencial vetor da doença de Chagas e a compreensão de sua biologia reprodutiva é um importante fator para seu controle populacional. No aparelho reprodutor feminino dos insetos, a espermateca desempenha a importante funcão de armazenar os espermatozoides após cópula. Nos insetos, a espermateca apresenta uma ampla diversidade morfológica e a análise destas características pode contribuir com o entendimento da biologia reprodutiva das espécies. Este estudo descreve histológica e histoquimicamente a espermateca de T. lecticularia. As fêmeas tem um par de espermatecas alongadas sem glândulas acessórias associadas. O reservatório conecta-se ao oviduto comum através de um ducto muscular curto que controla a liberação dos espermatozoides. O epitélio do reservatório possui uma camada de células secretoras colunares. As características anatômicas da espermateca de T. lecticularia são semelhantes às encontradas em outros Reduviidae. Entretanto, as características histológicas e histoquímicas observadas na espermateca são importantes para explicar a manutenção da viabilidade dos espermatozoides armazenados.

Abstract Triatoma lecticularia (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) (Stal, 1859) is a potential vector of Chagas’s disease and the comprehension of its reproductive biology is an important tool to control this insect. In the reproductive tract of female insects, the spermatheca plays a crucial role storing male spermatozoa after mating. Whithin insects the spermatheca shows a wide morphological diversity and the analysis of this characteristic can contribute to understand the reproductive biology of the species. This study describes the histology and histochemistry of the spermatheca of T. lecticularia. Females have a pair of elongated spermathecal reservoirs without associated accessory gland. The reservoir opens into the common oviduct via a narrow muscular duct. The reservoir epithelium has single layer of columnar secretory cells. The control of the release of spermatozoa from the spermatheca occurs via the muscular duct. The anatomical features of the spermatheca of T. lecticularia resemble those described of other Reduviidae. However, the histological and histochemical features of spermatheca observed in T. lecticularia were important to explain the maintenance of the viability of the spermatozoa stored.

Abstract: The aim of this study was investigate the effects of a low-protein, high-carbohydrate (LPHC) diet introduced to rats soon after weaning. The animals were distributed in the following groups: LPHC45: fed an LPHC diet (6%-protein, 74%-carbohydrate) for 45 days; C45: fed a control (C) diet (17%-protein, 63%-carbohydrate) for 45 days; R (Reverse): fed with LPHC for 15 days followed by C diet for 30 days. The LPHC45 group showed alterations in the energetic balance with an increase in brown adipose tissue, and in glucose tolerance, and lower final body weight, muscle mass and total protein in blood when compared with C45 group. The HOMA-IR index was similar between LPHC45 and C45 groups, but this parameter was lower in LPHC45 compared with R groups. Serum adiponectin was higher in LPHC45 group than C45 and R groups. The R group presented higher fed insulin than C45 and LPHC45 and higher T4 compared with C45 group. Total cholesterol in R group was higher when compared with LPHC45 group. Thus, the data show that the change of the diet LPHC for a balanced diet led to different metabolic evolution and suggest that the different response can be due to different levels of adiponectin.

ABSTRACT When the level of water reservoirs from Brazilian hydroelectric stations is low, additional thermal plants are turned on to complement the power of the national electric system. The fuels used in these plants are generally natural gas, fuel oil and coal. The objective of this work is to analyze energetically and exergetically a fuel oil thermal plant in operation in Brazil. Real industrial data were used in this analysis. The calculated total work of the turbine is 120.73 MW, which is close to the real value of 120 MW. The cycle energetic efficiency is 36.8% and the exergetic efficiency is 34.4%. The highest exergy destruction was found to be in the boiler (177.11 MW), followed by the high pressure turbine (13.37 MW), due to larger irreversibilities in the processes of these equipment. The exergetic analysis functioned as a complement to the energetic analysis, pointing out where the greatest irreversibilities and improvement potential are: in the boiler.

ABSTRACT The quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds is directly influenced by their physical characteristics, which are seldom studied notwithstanding their extreme importance in the entire production chain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the physical properties of two types of sesame seeds, collected at three points in the plant with different maturation levels, measured with digital caliper, and to evaluate the feasibility of using a digital image to determine their physical characteristics. The seeds were initially evaluated for water content and mass of 1000 seeds, and later with the data of the characteristic dimensions A (length), B (width), and C (thickness), obtained by a caliper and digital images, we determined their sphericity, circularity, projected area, and geometric diameter. We observed that water content did not affect the physical properties of the cream (CNPA G4) and black sesame cultivars. In addition, seeds of the black cultivar presented higher results than the seeds of the cream cultivar for the mass of 1000 seeds (2.7 ± 0.08 g), sphericity (58.8 ± 0.47%), projected area (4.03 ± 0.12 mm2), and geometric diameter (1.65 ± 0.03 mm). Seed batches harvested after 70% maturation had the highest mass of 1000 seeds (2.7 ± 0.12 g). The results of the physical analyses of sesame seeds performed with caliper and digital image are equivalent, which shows that digital images can be used as tools to obtain the physical properties of seeds.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the sequential changes of hemodynamic and metabolic parameters in patients who underwent aorta no-touch off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB). Methods: Prospective study involving twenty-seven consecutive patients who underwent aorta no-touch OPCAB. The FloTrac/PreSep/Vigileo™ system (Edwards Lifesciences) was used to continuously record heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), central venous pressure (CVP), continuous cardiac index (FCI), stroke volume (SV), stroke volume variation (SVV), and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2). The parameters were assessed 5 min before, during and 5 min after each anastomosis (left anterior descending [LAD], posterior descending [PD], obtuse marginal [OM] and diagonal [Dg]). Postoperative lactate was also evaluated. Results: There was no significant change in HR and MABP for all anastomoses, except for MABP during PD grafting (-10.1±2.7 mmHg, P=0.03). There was a significant decrease in ScvO2 only during PD and OM anastomoses (-9.4±0.4, P=0.03; -4.4±0.4, P=0.02; respectively). CVP drop after PD manipulation was strongly associated with a higher lactate during the first hours after surgery (r=-0.82; P=0.001). These hemodynamic changes were transient and entirely recovered after the heart was returned to its anatomical position. No significant differences were observed in FCI, SVV, or the systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) during all anastomoses, except for a drop in SVRI during PD grafting (-8.03±2.3, P=0.007). SV tended to decrease during the procedure in all territories, but with statistically significant drop only in PD and OM grafting (-10.4±1.2, P=0.02; -13.6±5.1, P=0.007; respectively). Conclusion: Heart displacement for performing aorta no-touch OPCAB is well tolerated, with transient and endurable hemodynamic variations.

Resumo As sensilas antenais são órgãos sensoriais formados por um conjunto de neurônios que captam estímulos ambientais e células acessórias, desempenhando as funções de mecanorreceptores e quimiorrecepterores. Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento pós-embrionário das sensilas antenais de operárias das abelhas sem ferrão Tetragonisca angustula (Hymenoptera: Meliponini). O desenvolvimento das sensilas tem início na transição de pré-pupa para pupa de olho branco e estão completamente desenvolvidas no estágio de pupa de olho preto, mas ainda estão cobertas pela cutícula velha. As sensilas estão completamente expostas em operárias recém-emergidas de T. angustula, mas é possível que estímulos ambientais sejam percebidos em estágios anteriores devido aos poros presentes na cutícula velha.

Abstract The antennal sensilla are sensory organs formed by a group of neurons and accessory cells, which allow perception of environmental cues, which play a role as mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors. This study describes the post-embryonic development of the antennal sensilla of the stingless Tetragonisca angustula (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) workers. The development of the antennal sensilla begins in the transition stage of the pre-pupae to white-eyed pupae. The sensilla are completely developed at the black-eyed pupae stage, but they are covered by the old cuticle. The sensilla are exposed to the environment only in newly emerged workers of T. angustula, but it is possible that environmental stimuli can be recognized due to the pores in the old cuticle.