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Groundwater resources for agricultural purposes in the Brazilian semi-arid region
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Nunes, Kenya G.

; Costa, Raimundo N. T.

; Cavalcante, Itabaraci N.

; Gondim, Rubens S.

; Lima, Sílvio C. R. V.

; Mateos, Luciano

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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dec 2022, Volume 26 N. 12 Pages 915 - 923

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A explotação dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos sem a caracterização adequada das reservas hídricas compromete a quantidade e a qualidade da água disponível no futuro. Um grande desafio é encontrar métodos ou coeficientes apropriados para avaliar a capacidade de recarga do aquífero. Objetivou-se caracterizar qualiquantitativamente as reservas hídricas, com vistas a disponibilizar informações e estratégias de gerenciamento para o uso racional dos recursos hídricos disponíveis em um aquífero aluvial no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro. Foram analisados poços rasos e de média profundidade. Os níveis estáticos dos poços foram monitorados nos períodos secos e chuvosos para calcular as reservas hídricas. Foram coletadas amostras de água para a determinação da qualidade da água para fins de irrigação. A constante ampliação de áreas para atividades agropecuárias está comprometendo a sustentabilidade hídrica do aquífero, uma vez que as reservas não são suficientes para atender a essa demanda. A qualidade das águas subterrâneas não é limitante para uso agropecuário. A conversão da irrigação por superfície em métodos localizados irá proporcionar o aumento da produtividade da água e, consequentemente, a área irrigada. O estudo fornece dados e permite recomendar estratégias apropriadas para a explotação dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos, com vistas à manutenção das atividades agropecuárias em condições semiáridas, de modo a evitar a superexplotação.

ABSTRACT Exploitation of groundwater resources with no proper characterization of water reserves jeopardizes the quantity and quality of water available in the future. A major challenge is finding appropriate methods or coefficients to evaluate the carrying capacity of the aquifer. The objective of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize water reserves to provide information and management strategies for the rational use of available water resources in an alluvial aquifer in the Brazilian Northeastern semi-arid region. Shallow and medium-depth wells were analyzed. Water tables were monitored in the dry and wet seasons to calculate water reserves. Groundwater samples were collected for the determination of water quality for irrigation purposes. The increase in agricultural activities is jeopardizing the sustainability of the aquifer’s water, as reserves are not sufficient to meet this demand. Groundwater quality is not limiting for agricultural use. Converting surface irrigation into localized methods will potentially increase water productivity and consequently the irrigated area. This study provides data and makes it possible to recommend appropriate strategies for the exploitation of groundwater resources for the maintenance of agricultural activities under semi-arid conditions, and to avoid overexploitation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n12p915-923

Redes medioestruturais de dicionários escolares: fluxo de sentidos entre verbetes sobre homossexuais masculinos
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Santos, Hugo Leonardo Gomes dos

; Pontes, Antônio Luciano

; Praxedes Filho, Pedro Henrique Lima

Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada

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jun 2022, Volume 22 N. 2 Pages 507 - 534

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Dentre as estruturas lexicográficas, a medioestrutura se configura como a menos abordada nos estudos metalexicográficos tendo em vista o volume de pesquisas referentes a aspectos da microestrutura, como a definição e as marcas de uso. Nosso objetivo, então, é investigar o sistema de remissões de dicionários escolares tipo 3 do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático de 2012. Fundamentamos nosso estudo em trabalhos de metalexicografia (GELPÍ ARROYO, 2000; MARTÍNEZ DE SOUSA, 1995; PONTES, 2009, WELKER, 2004), com foco na medioestrutura e na classificação das remissivas. Nosso corpus é composto por quarenta ocorrências relacionadas a homossexuais masculinos em onze entradas, extraídas de cinco dicionários. (BECHARA, 2011; FERREIRA, 2011; GEIGER, 2011; RAMOS, 2011; SARAIVA; OLIVEIRA, 2010) Fizemos a descrição das remissivas e, por meio delas, elaboramos redes medioestruturais para evidenciar o fluxo de sentidos entre os verbetes. Nossos resultados apontam uma tendência para a utilização de remissivas implícitas (81,8%) e para a convergência de sentidos para a entrada “homossexual”.

ABSTRACT Among the lexicographic structures, the medioestructure is the least addressed in metalexicographic studies considering the volume of research related to aspects of the microstructure, such as the definition and the labels. Our objective, then, is to investigate the reprinting system of type 3 school dictionaries from Programa Nacional do Livro Didático of 2012. We base our study on works in metalexicography (GELPÍ ARROYO, 2000; MARTÍNEZ DE SOUSA, 1995; PONTES, 2009, WELKER, 2004), with a focus on the medioestructure and classification of cross-references. Our corpus comprised forty occurrences related to male homosexuals in eleven entries, extracted from five dictionaries (BECHARA, 2011; FERREIRA, 2011; GEIGER, 2011; RAMOS, 2011; SARAIVA; OLIVEIRA, 2010). We described the cross-references and, based on them, elaborated medioestructural networks to show the flow of meanings among the entries. Our results point to a trend towards the use of implicit cross-references (81.8%) and towards the convergence of meanings to the entry “homosexual”.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-6398202217794

[SciELO Preprints] - TEACHER TRAINING AND QUILOMBOLA EDUCATION: PERSPECTIVES AND DIMENSIONS FROM A LITERATURE REVIEW
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Costa, Pedro Léo Alves Andrade, Horasa Maria Lima da Silva Andrade, Luciano Pires de

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Publication date: 2022-05-23

Abstract: Es En Pt

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la formación docente para trabajar en la educación quilombola. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en trabajos indexados en Scielo, Scopus y Web of Science, en los últimos diez años. Se utilizaron los descriptores “educação” y “quilombola” y “quilombola” y “education”, totalizando 216 en la búsqueda general. Después de la selección de los criterios de exclusión e inclusión, así como del cribado final, quedaron como muestra 14 artículos. Analizando los trabajos seleccionados, se puede concluir que la formación docente en educación quilombola: i) no fue un tema de investigación común o primario en los estudios, sino un tema transversal a algún trabajo que abordaba otras cuestiones; ii) existen desafíos, ausencias, barreras e incertidumbres en cuanto a su concepción e implementación. Por tanto, dada la importancia de la Educación Escolar Quilombola (EEQ) y el cambio de paradigma de la ciencia de la educación en el escenario actual, una mejor profundización del tema por parte de los estudiosos y la adecuación de la formación del profesorado quilombola a las Directrices Curriculares vigentes.

The present study aims to examine teacher training to work in quilombola education. To this end, a systematic literature review was carried out in works indexed in Scielo, Scopus and Web of Science, in the last ten years. The descriptors “educação” and “quilombola” and “quilombola” and “education” were used, totaling 216 in the general search. After the selection of exclusion and inclusion criteria, as well as the final screening, 14 articles remained as a sample. Analyzing the selected works, it can be concluded that teacher training in quilombola education: i) was not a common or primary research theme in the studies, but a transversal theme to some work that addressed other issues; ii) there are challenges, absences, barriers and uncertainties regarding its conception and implementation. Therefore, given the importance of Quilombola School Education (EEQ) and the paradigmatic change of the science of education in today's scenario, a better deepening of the theme by scholars and the adequacy of quilombola teacher training to the current Curricular Guidelines.

O presente estudo tem por objetivo examinar a formação docente para atuar na educação quilombola. Para tanto, fez-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura em trabalhos indexados na Scielo, Scopus e Web of Science, nos últimos dez anos. Utilizou-se os descritores “educação” e “quilombola” e “quilombola” and “education”, totalizando 216 na busca geral. Após a seleção dos critérios de exclusão e inclusão, bem como a triagem final, restaram 14 artigos como amostragem. Analisando os trabalhos selecionados, pode-se concluir que a formação do docente na educação quilombola: i) não foi uma temática de pesquisa comum ou primária nos estudos, mas sim um tema transversal a algum trabalho que abordou outras questões; ii) há desafios, ausências, barreiras e incertezas no que toca à sua concepção e efetivação. Sendo necessário, portanto, diante da importância da Educação Escolar Quilombola (EEQ) e da mudança paradigmática da ciência da educação no cenário hodierno, um melhor aprofundamento da temática pelos estudiosos e a adequação da formação docente quilombola às Diretrizes Curriculares vigentes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4147

Widening the spectrum of LAMA 2 congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1A): cobblestone malformation
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Borella, Luiz Fernando Monte

; Pereira, Fernanda Veloso

; Mimura, Paula Maria Preto

; Duarte, Juliana Ávila

; Villarinho, Luciano de Lima

; Rezende, Thiago

; França Junior, Marcondes Cavalcante de

; Reis, Fabiano

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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mar 2022, Volume 80 N. 3 Pages 333 - 334

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0292

Diretrizes Brasileiras para o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19: Diretriz conjunta da Associação Brasileira de Medicina de Emergência, Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira, Associação Médica Brasileira, Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia e Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia
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Falavigna, Maicon

; Stein, Cinara

; Amaral, José Luiz Gomes do

; Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes de

; Belli, Karlyse Claudino

; Colpani, Verônica

; Cunha, Clóvis Arns da

; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe

; Dias, Maria Beatriz Souza

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Freitas, Ana Paula da Rocha

; Gräf, Débora Dalmas

; Guimarães, Hélio Penna

; Lobo, Suzana Margareth Ajeje

; Monteiro, José Tadeu

; Nunes, Michelle Silva

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli de

; Prado, Clementina Corah Lucas

; Santos, Vania Cristina Canuto

; Silva, Rosemeri Maurici da

; Sobreira, Marcone Lima

; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro

; Vidal, Ávila Teixeira

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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mar 2022, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 1 - 12

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: Several therapies are being used or proposed for COVID-19, and many lack appropriate evaluations of their effectiveness and safety. The purpose of this document is to develop recommendations to support decisions regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods: A group of 27 experts, including representatives of the Ministry of Health and methodologists, created this guideline. The method used for the rapid development of guidelines was based on the adoption and/or adaptation of existing international guidelines (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) and supported by the e-COVID-19 RecMap platform. The quality of the evidence and the preparation of the recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results: Sixteen recommendations were generated. They include strong recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in patients using supplemental oxygen, the use of anticoagulants at prophylactic doses to prevent thromboembolism and the nonuse of antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection. It was not possible to make a recommendation regarding the use of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 using oxygen due to uncertainties regarding the availability of and access to the drug. Strong recommendations against the use of hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma, colchicine, lopinavir + ritonavir and antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection and also conditional recommendations against the use of casirivimab + imdevimab, ivermectin and rendesivir were made. Conclusion: To date, few therapies have proven effective in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and only corticosteroids and prophylaxis for thromboembolism are recommended. Several drugs were considered ineffective and should not be used to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and promote economical resource use.

RESUMO Objetivos: Há diversas terapias sendo utilizadas ou propostas para a COVID-19, muitas carecendo de apropriada avaliação de efetividade e segurança. O propósito deste documento é elaborar recomendações para subsidiar decisões sobre o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Um grupo de 27 membros, formado por especialistas, representantes do Ministério da Saúde e metodologistas, integra essa diretriz. Foi utilizado o método de elaboração de diretrizes rápidas, tomando por base a adoção e/ou a adaptação de recomendações a partir de diretrizes internacionais existentes (GRADE ADOLOPMENT), apoiadas pela plataforma e-COVID-19 RecMap. A qualidade das evidências e a elaboração das recomendações seguiram o método GRADE. Resultados: Foram geradas 16 recomendações. Entre elas, estão recomendações fortes para o uso de corticosteroides em pacientes em uso de oxigênio suplementar, para o uso de anticoagulantes em doses de profilaxia para tromboembolismo e para não uso de antibacterianos nos pacientes sem suspeita de infecção bacteriana. Não foi possível fazer uma recomendação quanto à utilização do tocilizumabe em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 em uso de oxigênio, pelas incertezas na disponibilidade e de acesso ao medicamento. Foi feita recomendação para não usar azitromicina, casirivimabe + imdevimabe, cloroquina, colchicina, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina, lopinavir/ ritonavir, plasma convalescente e rendesivir. Conclusão: Até o momento, poucas terapias se provaram efetivas no tratamento do paciente hospitalizado com COVID-19, sendo recomendados apenas corticosteroides e profilaxia para tromboembolismo. Diversos medicamentos foram considerados ineficazes, devendo ser descartados, de forma a oferecer o melhor tratamento pelos princípios da medicina baseada em evidências e promover economia de recursos não eficazes.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220001-pt

Sensitivity of South America Climate to Positive Extremes of Antarctic Sea Ice
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PARISE, CLÁUDIA K.

; PEZZI, LUCIANO P.

; CARPENEDO, CAMILA B.

; VASCONCELLOS, FERNANDA C.

; BARBOSA, WESLEY L.

; LIMA, LEONARDO G. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 1 elocation e20210706

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Global climate change is expected to increasingly affect climate-sensitive sectors of society, such as the economy and environment, with significant impacts on water, energy, agriculture and fisheries. This is the case in South America, whose economy is highly dependent on the agricultural sector. Here, we analyzed the sensitivity of South American climate to positive extremes of Antarctic sea ice (ASI) extent and volume at continental and regional scales. Sensitivity ensemble experiments were conducted with the GFDL-CM2.1 model and compared with the ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset. The results have shown significant impacts on the seasonal regime of precipitation, air temperature and humidity in South America, such as a gradual establishment of the South Atlantic Convergence Zone, the formation of the Upper Tropospheric Cyclonic Vortex, the strengthening of Bolivian High and the presence of a low level cyclonic circulation anomaly over the South Atlantic Subtropical High region which contributed, for instance, to increased precipitation over the Southeastern Brazil. A northward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone was initially also a response pattern to the increased ASI. Moreover, the greatest variance of the climatic signal generated from the disturbances applied on the high southern latitudes has occurred in the interseasonal timescale (110–120 days), especially over the Brazilian Amazon and the Southeastern Brazil regions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210706

Bilateral interstitial keratitis in a patient with presumed brain tuberculoma
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Costa, Elaine Fiod

; Oliveira, João Victor Pimentel

; Pinto, Luciano Moreira

; Azevedo, Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva

; Hofling-Lima, Ana Luisa

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2022, N. ahead

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Interstitial keratitis is an inflammation of the corneal stroma without epithelium or endothelium involvement. The underlying causes are mostly infectious or immune mediated. Brazil has one of the highest incidence rates of tuberculosis in the world. Tuberculosis is considered one of the causes of interstitial keratitis. Malnutrition and anemia are risk factors of the disseminated disease. This is a case report of a 10-year-old child who presented with decreased visual acuity and a clinical diagnosis of bilateral interstitial keratitis and sclero-uveitis. The patient had been treated with topical steroids with partial improvement. Examinations revealed severe iron deficiency anemia, negative serologies for human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis, positivity for cytomegalovirus- and herpes simplex-specific IgG, and purified protein derivative of 17 mm. During the follow-up, the patient presented with tonic-clonic seizures, and magnetic resonance imaging findings suggested a central nervous system tuberculoma. Interstitial keratitis improvement was observed after specific tuberculosis treatment. This is the first case report describing the association of interstitial keratitis and central nervous system tuberculoma.

RESUMO A ceratite intersticial é uma inflamação do estroma corneano sem envolvimento epitelial ou endotelial causada principalmente por doenças infecciosas e imunomediadas. O Brasil tem altas taxas de tuberculose que deve ser lembrada como causa de ceratite intersticial. Desnutrição e anemia são fatores de risco da forma disseminada da tuberculose. Este é um relato de uma criança de 10 anos com redução de acuidade visual e diagnóstico clínico de ceratite intersticial bilateral e esclerouveíte. O paciente obteve melhora parcial da ceratite com corticoide tópico. Exames laboratoriais mostraram anemia ferropriva grave, sorologias negativas para HIV e sífilis; IgM negativo e IgG positivo para citomegalovírus e herpes simplex e PPD positivo (17 mm). Ele evoluiu com crises tônico-clônicas e a ressonância nuclear magnética revelou tuberculoma do sistema nervoso central. A melhora da ceratite intersticial foi observada após tratamento para tuberculose. Este é o primeiro caso que descreve a associação de ceratite intersticial e tuberculoma do sistema nervoso central.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20230015

Indicadores de sustentabilidade para sistemas agroflorestais: levantamento de metodologias e indicadores utilizados
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Araújo, Fabiana Aparecida da Silva

; Andrade, Luciano Pires de

; Reis Molica, Renato José

; Andrade, Horasa Maria Lima da Silva

Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural

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2022, Volume 60 N. spe elocation e246191

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Agroforestry Systems are viable for family farming as an alternative to conventional agriculture. To assess the sustainability of these systems, indicators can be used. The studies of sustainability indicators in the systems can be an incentive mechanism for their expansion, subsidizing the performance of the technical assistance and rural extension (TARE), the investment in public policies, contributing to the scientific and technological development, and new research. In this context, the research is guided by the analysis of studies on sustainability indicators in agroecosystems through the production of articles from the last 30 years, in the Capes Journals database, which is a virtual library in Brazil. The searches, using terms in Spanish, Portuguese, and English, resulted in a low number of articles related to the theme, with a little participatory approach, focused on reduced dimensions of sustainability, and with different methodologies. These results demonstrate the need for more studies, in a participatory way, to obtain representative results, to contribute to better management and dissemination of SAFs, as guiding decision-making processes and public policies.

Resumo Os sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) se apresentam viáveis para a agricultura familiar como alternativa à agricultura convencional. Para avaliar a sustentabilidade desses sistemas, pode-se fazer uso de indicadores. Os estudos de indicadores de sustentabilidade nesses sistemas podem ser um mecanismo de incentivo à sua ampliação, subsidiando a atuação de assistência técnica e extensão rural (ATER), um investimento em políticas públicas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico e para novas pesquisas. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa se orientou em analisar os estudos sobre os indicadores de sustentabilidade em agroecossistemas por meio da produção de artigos dos últimos 30 anos, na base de dados do Portal de Periódicos Capes, que é uma biblioteca virtual no Brasil. As buscas, utilizando termos em espanhol, português e inglês, resultaram em um baixo número de artigos referentes ao tema, com pouca abordagem participativa, concentrados em reduzidas dimensões de sustentabilidade e com diferentes metodologias. Essas informações obtidas demonstram a necessidade de mais estudos, de forma participativa, para que se possam obter resultados representativos, contribuindo, assim, para uma melhor gestão e divulgação dos SAFs e servindo como orientadores de processos decisórios e de políticas públicas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9479.2021.246191

Implicações da covid-19 no cotidiano das famílias nordestinas e no cuidado infantil
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Silva, Jordan Prazeres Freitas da

; Castro, Marcia C.

; Aquino, Camila Machado de

; Souza, Carla Renata Braga de

; Rocha, Hermano Alexandre Lima

; Correia, Luciano Lima

; Altafim, Elisa Rachel Pisani

; Oliveira, Francisco Ariclene

; Machado, Márcia Maria Tavares

Saúde e Sociedade

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2022, Volume 31 N. 1 elocation e210287

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study sought to explore the daily life of families with children aged 0 - 6 years old, living in Fortaleza, Ceará - Brazil, during the period of social distancing stipulated by the State Government. This qualitative research was conducted with data collected by means of video or phone interviews with thirty mothers, between July and August 2020. The empirical material was analyzed in the light of Bardin’s content analysis, generating two thematic categories: (1) the exercise of parental care in Covid-19 times; and (2) the daily life of children in the face of the pandemic. The narratives revealed that some caregivers tried to play games and practice arts and crafts with their children, besides explaining what was happening in the world scenario - thus exercising positive parenting. Moreover, the social distancing measures promoted parental tolerance during the time children were exposed to screens, and parents showed to influence the practice of unhealthy eating habits and the manifestation of behavior changes in their children. These findings highlight the need for a continuous monitoring of aspects related to these children’s development, as well as for their return to face-to-face activities.

Resumo Este estudo explora o cotidiano das famílias com filhos de 0 a 6 anos, residentes em Fortaleza, no Ceará, durante o período de distanciamento físico, estipulado pelo Governo do Estado do Ceará. Esta pesquisa qualitativa se utilizou do referencial da teoria de formação de vínculos na adversidade. Foram entrevistadas 30 mães, entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2020, utilizando videochamadas ou telefonemas. Para análise do material empírico, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo de Bardin, possibilitando a criação de duas categorias temáticas: (1) o exercício do cuidado parental em tempos de covid-19; (2) o cotidiano das crianças diante da pandemia. A interpretação das narrativas revelou que alguns cuidadores buscaram realizar brincadeiras e atividades manuais com os filhos, e explicavam o que estava acontecendo no cenário mundial, exercendo a parentalidade positiva. Ademais, o distanciamento físico favoreceu o aumento da tolerância dos pais no tempo em que os filhos ficaram expostos às telas. Percebeu-se que os pais influenciaram a prática de hábitos alimentares não saudáveis entre as crianças e a manifestação de mudanças no comportamento dos filhos. Como conclusão, destaca-se a necessidade de um acompanhamento contínuo dos aspectos referentes ao desenvolvimento dessas crianças e do retorno delas às atividades presenciais.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-12902022210287

10.

The health-related quality of life in patients with Chagas disease: the state of the art
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Almeida, Igor Lucas Geraldo Izalino de

; Oliveira, Luciano Fonseca Lemos de

; Figueiredo, Pedro Henrique Scheidt

; Oliveira, Rafael Dias de Brito

; Damasceno, Thayrine Rosa

; Silva, Whesley Tanor

; Oliveira, Lucas Frois Fernandes de

; Ávila, Matheus Ribeiro

; Lima, Vanessa Pereira

; Lages, Ana Thereza Chaves

; Mediano, Mauro Felippe Felix

; Rocha, Manoel Otávio Costa

; Costa, Henrique Silveira

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0657-2021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease associated with poverty in which patients are surrounded by stigma. These factors can contribute to reducing health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Therefore, a broad discussion of HRQoL in the CD population is required. This study aimed to discuss the main findings of HRQoL in patients with CD, focusing on the association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, echocardiographic and functional determinants, and the effect of non-invasive interventions on HRQoL. A literature search of the MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, and LILACS databases was performed with no data or language restrictions. Twenty-two articles were included in this meta-analysis. In general, HRQoL is worse in patients with CD than in healthy individuals, particularly in the presence of cardiovascular and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. Sex, age, functional class, level of physical activity, healthy habits, and medications received could affect HRQoL. Among the echocardiographic and functional determinants, decreased systolic function seems to negatively affect HRQoL. No association with the peak oxygen uptake was observed in the maximal tests. By contrast, well-tolerated field tests with submaximal intensities were associated with HRQoL. Both pharmaceutical care and exercise training have a positive effect on the HRQoL of patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy, and the mental component can be a prognostic marker in this population. In conclusion, assessment of HRQoL can provide important information about the health status of patients with CD, and its use in clinical practice is warranted.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0657-2021

11.

The health-related quality of life in patients with post-COVID-19 after hospitalization: a systematic review
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Figueiredo, Eduardo Augusto Barbosa

; Silva, Whesley Tanor

; Tsopanoglou, Sabrina Pinheiro

; Vitorino, Débora Fernandes de Melo

; Oliveira, Luciano Fonseca Lemos de

; Silva, Keity Lamary Souza

; Luz, Hiago Daniel Herédia

; Ávila, Matheus Ribeiro

; Oliveira, Lucas Fróis Fernandes de

; Lacerda, Ana Cristina Rodrigues

; Mendonça, Vanessa Amaral

; Lima, Vanessa Pereira

; Mediano, Mauro Felippe Felix

; Figueiredo, Pedro Henrique Scheidt

; Rocha, Manoel Otávio Costa

; Costa, Henrique Silveira

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0741-2021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients who require hospitalization can persist for months, significantly affecting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Thus, the present study aimed to discuss the main findings regarding HRQoL in post-COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization. An electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, LILACS, and Scopus databases, without date and language restrictions, until July 2021. Twenty-four articles were included in the analysis. It seems that HRQoL partially improved soon after hospital discharge, although the negative impact on HRQoL may persist for months. The physical and mental aspects are affected because patients report pain, discomfort, anxiety, and depression. The HRQoL of COVID-19 infected patients was worse than that of uninfected patients. Additionally, HRQoL seemed worse in patients admitted to the intensive care unit than in those who remained in the ward. Improvements in HRQoL after hospital discharge are independent of imaging improvement, and there seems to be no association between HRQoL after hospital discharge and disease severity on hospital admission. Many factors have been identified as determinants of HRQoL, with women and advanced age being the most related to worse HRQOL, followed by the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation and the need for intensive care. Other factors included the presence and number of comorbidities, lower forced vital capacity, high body mass index, smoking history, undergraduate education, and unemployment. In conclusion, these findings may aid in clinical management and should be considered in the aftercare of patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0741-2021

12.

Evaluation of extruded roughage with different additives in sheep diet
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Assis, Tamires Soares de

; Schultz, Erica Beatriz

; Oliveira, Karla Alves

; Siqueira, Marco Túlio Santos

; Sousa, Luciano Fernandes

; Macedo Junior, Gilberto de Lima

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2022, Volume 44 elocation e53447

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The purpose was to evaluate the effect of extruded roughage Foragge® with different additives on intake, digestibility nutrients and nitrogen balance of sheep. Twenty adults, non-pregnant ewes with average weight 68 kg were used. The treatments were extruded roughage with additives (essential oil, virginiamycin, unpurified inactive yeast, tannin and purified inactive yeast). The design was in randomized blocks. The means were contrasted by SNK test, and the fecal score was tested by the Kruskal Wallis test (1952), at 5% significance. There was no difference in the intake of dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen, water, water in relation to dry matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (p > 0.05). As well as the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, the fecal weight, fecal nitrogen, retained nitrogen and nitrogen retained in relation to nitrogen ingested (p > 0.05). However, dry matter intake as a function of body weight and metabolic weight, urinary nitrogen, hemicellulose intake, and hemicellulose as a function of NDF, were higher in the Foragge Factor® treatment (p < 0.05). The inclusion of different additives in the extruded roughage improved nutritional parameters, without causing disturbances.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53447

13.

Irisin effects on bone: systematic review with meta-analysis of preclinical studies and prospects for oral health
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Pereira, Luciano José

; Andrade, Eric Francelino

; Barroso, Lívia Corrêa

; Lima, Renato Ribeiro de

; Macari, Soraia

; Paiva, Saul Martins

; Silva, Tarcília Aparecida

Brazilian Oral Research

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e055

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Bone quality is an important issue in dentistry. Low bone density may be associated with more severe periodontitis, and may influence implant therapy success. Recent evidence suggests that physical activity can improve alveolar bone quality. Irisin is an exercise-mediated peptide that might be involved in this process. We assessed the effect of exercise and that of intra-peritoneal irisin administration on bone quality in healthy and osteoporosis-induced rodents. This study was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020184140), and followed PRISMA guidelines. A search by two independent examiners was conducted in five databases and gray literature up to July 2021, without restrictions regarding language or date of publication. Initially, they analyzed retrieved titles and abstracts (n=3,844) based on eligibility criteria. Of this total, 19 studies remained for full-text reading, and 16 proceeded to the data extraction and quality assessment phases. Meta-analyses were conducted (n= 6 studies) to establish the effects of irisin administration on cancellous bone mineral density (BMD). Exercise or irisin administration enhanced bone quality, but the meta-analysis showed that BMD increased only slightly in osteoporotic rodents (BMD: mean difference 0.03 mg/cm3 - 95% CI 0.01-0.05). This indicates that they had no significant benefits on the bones of healthy animals. Implications of key findings evidence the potential of irisin as an agent able to mitigate bone loss caused by osteoporosis, an outcome that could favor dental rehabilitation. More studies investigating the effect of irisin on alveolar bone are needed to elucidate its therapeutic viability and implications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0055

14.

Response of southern troposphere meridional circulation to historical maxima of Antarctic sea ice
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QUEIROZ, MICHELLY G.S.

; PARISE, CLÁUDIA K.

; PEZZI, LUCIANO P.

; CARPENEDO, CAMILA B.

; VASCONCELLOS, FERNANDA C.

; TORRES, ANA LAURA R.

; BARBOSA, WESLEY L.

; LIMA, LEONARDO G.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 1 elocation e20210795

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The variability of Antarctic sea ice (ASI) has great potential to affect atmospheric circulation, with impacts that can extend from the surface to the middle and high levels of troposphere. The present study has evaluated the response of South Atlantic tropospheric circulation to increased coverage in area and volume of ASI. Monthly data of air temperature, zonal and meridional wind and mean sea level pressure were obtained from two ensemble simulations performed with the GDFL/CM2.1 model, covering the period from July 2020 to June 2030. In general, the response of South Atlantic tropospheric circulation to increased ASI showed that the climatic signal extended up from the surface to the high levels, propagating as a South Pole–Tropics teleconnection. The results show a general cooling of the southern troposphere, which for instance lead to the strengthening and northward shift of the polar jet and the southward shift of the subtropical jet and to an inversion from the positive to negative phase of the Southern Annular Mode. This study has great relevance for understanding the global climate changes in short term, by assessing the sensitivity of South Atlantic tropospheric circulation to extreme variations in ASI.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210795

15.

Padrão de sexualidade ineficaz de idosos com Diabetes mellitus
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Severina, Isabella Cristina

; Lima, Luciano Ramos de

; Funghetto, Silvana Schwerz

; Santos, Walterlânia Silva

; Volpe, Cris Renata Grou

; Stival, Marina Morato

Escola Anna Nery

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2022, Volume 26 elocation e20210326

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective to investigate the nursing diagnosis ineffective sexuality pattern in elderly people with Diabetes mellitus in primary care and analyze their sexuality profile. Method this is a cross-sectional study carried out in a Basic Health Unit with a sample of 134 elderly diabetics. Interviews were carried out between July and August 2019 with structured instruments and laboratory tests. An instrument was used to investigate the nursing diagnosis ineffective sexuality pattern with conceptual and operational definitions of the defining characteristics and related factors according to the NANDA-I taxonomy (2018-2020). Results women predominated, although men were more sexually active (p < 0.001). Younger people were more sexually active (p = 0.001). Regarding hormonal parameters, elderly people with higher testosterone levels reported being sexually active (p < 0.001). Most do not use condoms during sexual intercourse. When analyzing the nursing diagnosis of ineffective sexuality pattern, the most prevalent defining characteristic was “a change in sexual behavior” and the related factor was “skills deficit in sexuality-related alternatives”. Conclusions and implications for practice the nursing diagnosis ineffective sexuality pattern has importance in assessing elderly diabetics, as sexuality influences their behavior and personal satisfaction.

RESUMEN Objetivo investigar el diagnóstico de enfermería “Patrón de sexualidad ineficaz” en ancianos con Diabetes mellitus en atención primaria y analizar su perfil de sexualidad. Método estudio transversal realizado en una Unidad Básica de Salud, con una muestra de 134 ancianos diabéticos. Las entrevistas se realizaron entre julio y agosto de 2019 con instrumentos estructurados y se recolectaron pruebas de laboratorio. Para investigar el diagnóstico de enfermería Patrón de Sexualidad Ineficaz, se utilizó un instrumento con definiciones conceptuales y operativas de las características definitorias y factores relacionados según la taxonomía NANDA-I (2018-2020). Resultados predominaron las mujeres, pero los hombres fueron más activos sexualmente (p < 0,001). Las personas más jóvenes eran más activas sexualmente (p = 0,001). En cuanto a los parámetros hormonales, las personas mayores con niveles más altos de testosterona refirieron ser sexualmente activas (p < 0,001). La mayoría no usa condones durante las relaciones sexuales. Al analizar el diagnóstico de enfermería de Patrón de Sexualidad Ineficaz, la característica definitoria más prevalente fue “cambio en la conducta sexual” y el factor relacionado “déficit de habilidades sobre alternativas relacionadas con la sexualidad”. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica el diagnóstico de enfermería Patrón de Sexualidad Ineficaz tiene su importancia en la evaluación de los ancianos diabéticos, ya que la sexualidad influye en su comportamiento y satisfacción personal.

RESUMO Objetivo investigar o diagnóstico de enfermagem Padrão de sexualidade ineficaz em idosos com Diabetes mellitus na atenção primária e analisar o seu perfil de sexualidade. Método estudo transversal realizado em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde com uma amostra de 134 idosos diabéticos. Entrevista foi realizada entre julho e agosto de 2019 com instrumentos estruturados, assim como foram coletados exames laboratoriais. Para investigação do diagnóstico de enfermagem Padrão de Sexualidade Ineficaz, foi utilizado um instrumento com as definições conceituais e operacionais das características definidoras e fatores relacionados de acordo com a taxonomia NANDA-I (2018-2020). Resultados predominaram mulheres, mas os homens eram mais ativos sexualmente (p<0,001). Os mais jovens eram sexualmente mais ativos (p = 0,001). Com relação aos parâmetros hormonais, idosos com maiores níveis de testosterona relataram serem ativos sexualmente (p<0,001). A maioria não utiliza preservativo durante a relação sexual. Ao analisar o diagnóstico de enfermagem Padrão de Sexualidade Ineficaz, a característica definidora mais prevalente foi “alteração no comportamento sexual”, e o fator relacionado foi “déficit de habilidades sobre alternativas relacionadas à sexualidade”. Conclusão e implicações para a prática o diagnóstico de enfermagem Padrão de Sexualidade Ineficaz tem sua importância na avaliação de idosos diabéticos, visto que a sexualidade tem influência em seu comportamento e sua satisfação pessoal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2021-0326pt

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