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1.
Chemical characterization, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Justicia pectoralis Jacq and Croton jacobinensis Baill extracts
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Oliveira, Leilanne Márcia Nogueira de
; Bastos, Maria do Socorro Rocha
; Lima, Ana Cristina Silva de
; Figueiredo, Evânia Altina Teixera de
; Dias, Flayanna Gouveia Braga
; Silva, Larissa Morais Ribeiro da
; Benevides, Selene Dahia
; Ribeiro, Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos
; Sabino, Luiz Bruno de Sousa
; Figueiredo, Raimundo Wilane de
.
Abstract In this research, aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Justicia pectoralis Jacq and Croton Jacobinensis Baill were characterized. The UPLC-QTOF-MSE analysis was performed on the extracts identified, predominantly, flavonoids, tannins and acids. The extracts did not indicate toxicity in human epithelial cells. C. jacobinensis presented a concentration of phenolics 60.5% higher than J. pectoralis in all scenarios evaluated and, for both samples, the hydroalcoholic extract at 70% exhibited the best efficiency in the extraction (14501.3 and 32521.5 mg GAE 100 g-1 for J. pectoralis and C. jacobinensis, respectively). The antioxidant activity presented a positive correlation with the concentration of phenolics, being 1.186,1 and 1.507,9 μM of Trolox for J. pectoralis and C. jacobinensis at 70% of ethanol; however, it was not verified statistical difference between the ethanolic solutions (p < 0.05). The antimicrobial activity of J. pectoralis extracts was highlighted once was the most effective against gram-positive bacteria. The results suggest that both J. pectoralis and C. jacobinensis extracts present the potential to be applied as natural additives due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and safety. Thus, it is suggesting the development of studies that could investigate the interaction of these plant extracts with food matrices is required.
2.
Caracterización epidemiológica de los pacientes con meningitis criptocócica asociada al VIH del Instituto de Medicina Tropical en el 2019
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Cabrera Franco, Venancio Moisés
; Invernizzi Mendoza, Mireya Rocío
; Lima Veloso, Ana Larissa
; Jara, Viviano
.
RESUMEN Introducción: La criptococosis es una micosis sistémica cuyo agente etiológico es el Cryptococcus. La mayoría son causados por C. neoformans (serotipos A y D). C. neoformans es un patógeno oportunista en pacientes con SIDA. La meningitis criptocócica ocurre con mayor frecuencia en personas infectadas por VIH con recuentos de CD4+ <100 células. Objetivo: Describir epidemiológicamente a los pacientes con meningitis criptocócica asociada al VIH del Instituto de Medicina Tropical en el año 2019. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo, retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron pacientes de ambos sexos, sin límite de edad con diagnóstico de meningitis criptocócica infectados por el VIH del Instituto de Medicina tropical (IMT) en el año 2019. Se estudiaron las características demográficas como edad, sexo, procedencia y los niveles de CD4+. Resultados: Se estudió una muestra de 43 pacientes con diagnóstico de meningitis criptocócica asociado al VIH, de estos el 72,1% era del sexo masculino, el grupo etario más frecuente entre los 20 a 34 años (promedio de edad: 37,9 ± 13,6 años) y la procedencia en el 46,5% el departamento Central. El 86,04% tenía niveles <100 cel/ml de CD4+. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos son similares a trabajos publicados sobre este tema en relación al predominio del sexo masculino, y al grupo etario más afectado que fue de adultos jóvenes, los niveles de CD4+ también fueron similares a otros trabajos.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Cryptococcosis is a systemic mycosis whose etiological agent is called Cryptococcus. Most are caused by C. neoformans (serotypes A and D). C. neoformans is an opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients. Cryptococcal meningitis occurs most often in HIV-infected people with CD4 + counts <100 cells. Objective: To describe epidemiologically patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis from the Institute of Tropical Medicine in 2019. Methodology: Retrospective, descriptive, observational study. Patients of both sexes, with no age limit with a diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis infected with HIV from the Institute of Tropical Medicine (IMT) in 2019 were included in the study. Demographic characteristics such as age, sex, origin and levels were studied. CD4+. Results: A sample of 43 patients with a diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis associated with HIV was studied, of these, 72.09% were male. The average age was 37.86 ± 13.64 years and it was observed that the most frequent age group was between 20 and 34 years. Regarding the origin, the majority belongs to the Central department 46.51%. Regarding the CD4 + determination, 86.04% had levels <100 cells / ml. Conclusions: The findings are similar to other studies that have been published on this subject in relation to the fact that there was a predominance of males, and that the age group most affected was young adults with an average age of 37.86 ± 13.64 years, CD4 + levels were similar to other studies as well.
3.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE ÓLEOS DE COPAÍBA (COPAIFERA SP.) UTILIZANDO DETECÇÃO DE MARCADORES POR FATOR DE RETENÇÃO RELATIVA EM HPTLC
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Lima, Milena C. F. de
; Cavalcante, Samir F. de Almeida
; Wiedemann, Larissa S. M.
; Veiga Junior, Valdir F. da
.
Copaiba oilresins present medicinal uses that demand the development of methodologies that could ensure the authenticity and guarantee the species differentiation. The usual way to differentiate the copaiba oils is analyze the terpene composition, mainly the diterpenic acids profile. Unlike caryophyllene and its oxide, copaiba diterpenes are not commercially available and lab obtention is expensive and time consuming. At this paper, a new methodology is presented that allows the fast and reliable detection of copaiba biomarkers using HPTLC retention factor relative to an appropriate standard. Several commercially available substances were analyzed and the monoterpene linalool oxide was chosen. The comparison of relative retention factors allowed the confirmation of caryophyllene and its oxides and the diterpenic acids copalic, hydroxy-copalic, acetoxy-copalic, agathic, and hardwickiic. Calibration curve showed strong correlation (│r│ ≥0.9962) with R2 ≥0.9928.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170563
696 downloads
4.
Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro, in vivo and in silico Anti-Inflammatory Studies of the Novel Hybrid Based on Ibuprofen and 3-Hydroxy-Copalic Acid Isolated from Copaiba Oil (Copaifera multijuga)
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Souza, Fábio C. de
; Brito, Larissa F.
; Silva, Marcos T.
; Sugimoto, Michelle A.
; Pinto, Ana Cristina S.
; Almeida, Patrícia D. O. de
; Souza, Rodrigo O. S.
; Costa, Renyer A.
; Guilhon-Simplicio, Fernanda
; Wanderley, Almir G.
; Oliveira, Kelson M. T. de
; Sousa, Lirlândia P.
; Veiga-Junior, Valdir F. da
; Lima, Emerson S.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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A novel anti-inflammatory hybrid 3-ibuprofenyl-copalic acid (3-IbuCA) was synthesized from 3-hydroxy-copalic acid isolated from Amazonian copaiba oil (Copaifera multijuga Hayne), and the anti-inflammatory ibuprofen. After full characterization, several assays to verify its anti-inflammatory effects were performed in vitro, in vivo and in silico (molecular docking). Induced fit docking was performed to observe the interactions with the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In vitro tests of cytotoxicity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibition, and in vivo tests of pleurisy, protein expression and gastrocytotoxicity were performed. Molecular docking studies with COX-1 and 2 showed binding free energies (ΔG) of -2.2 and -7.8 kcal mol-1, respectively, while for mofezolac and indomethacin, the binding free energies ΔG presented values of -8.5 and -10.1 kcal mol-1, which makes 3-IbuCA selective for COX-2 inhibition. This hybrid showed no toxicity against human macrophage at concentrations up to 2 µM, and inhibited TNF-α production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. In the pleurisy assays, 3-IbuCA reduced the total leukocytes and mononuclear cells, which was followed by reduction of p-IKBα (phosphorylated nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha) protein expression. Compared with ibuprofen alone, the hybrid caused less gastric damage. Thus, the docking, together with in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that this novel hybrid has potential as a new anti-inflammatory agent.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190266
429 downloads
5.
PERFIL METABÓLICO DOS EXTRATOS POLARES DAS FOLHAS, GALHOS E CASCAS DE Copaifera multijuga HAYNE (COPAÍBA MARI-MARI DA AMAZÔNIA) POR ESI-EM
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Oliveira, Davi S.
; Lima, Leandro S.
; Antonio, Ananda S.
; Wiedemann, Larissa S. M.
; Veiga-Junior, Valdir F.
.
Copaifera multijuga Hayne is the main species of the genus in the Amazon region, being exploited for copaiba oil production mainly because of its therapeutic properties. The plant parts (leaves, branches, and barks) are widely used in folk medicine. However, they are little explored in terms of chemical composition. In this study, the polar extracts of leaves, branches, and barks of the species were analysed by direct infusion in ESI-MS with the aid of reference standards and MS2 fragmentation experiments. Twenty-six substances (carboxylic acids, flavonoids, condensed tannins, a diterpene and fifteen isomers of galoylquinic acids) were detected. Metabolic profiles were similar between extracts of leaves and branches, especially with the detection of galloylquinic acids and carboxylic acids. In bark extract, condensed tannins epicatechin-(4β-8)-epiafzelechin (dimer) and epicatechin-(4β-8)-epiafzelechin-(4β-8)-epiafzelechin (trimer) were detected. The PCA showed differences and similarities in the chemical composition of the copaíba mari-mari extracts. Thus, galloylquinic acids and flavonoids kaempferol, 7-O-methyl-kaempferol, quercetin-3-O-L-pentoside, and quercetin-3-O-L-rhamnoside are described for the first time in C. multijuga. The phytotherapeutic properties of teas of the plant parts of the species may be associated with the suggested polyphenols.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170418
487 downloads
6.
Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU in a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil - study protocol
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Ferreira, Juliana C.
; Ho, Yeh-Li
; Besen, Bruno A.M.P.
; Malbuisson, Luiz M.S.
; Taniguchi, Leandro U.
; Mendes, Pedro V.
; Costa, Eduardo L.V.
; Park, Marcelo
; Daltro-Oliveira, Renato
; Roepke, Roberta M.L.
; Silva Jr, João M.
; Carmona, Maria José C.
; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro
; Hirota, Adriana
; Kanasiro, Alberto Kendy
; Crescenzi, Alessandra
; Fernandes, Amanda Coelho
; Miethke-Morais, Anna
; Bellintani, Arthur Petrillo
; Canasiro, Artur Ribeiro
; Carneiro, Bárbara Vieira
; Zanbon, Beatriz Keiko
; Batista, Bernardo Pinheiro De Senna Nogueira
; Nicolao, Bianca Ruiz
; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro
; Biselli, Bruno
; Macedo, Bruno Rocha De
; Toledo, Caio Machado Gomes De
; Pompilio, Carlos Eduardo
; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro De
; Mol, Caroline Gomes
; Stipanich, Cassio
; Bueno, Caue Gasparotto
; Garzillo, Cibele
; Tanaka, Clarice
; Forte, Daniel Neves
; Joelsons, Daniel
; Robira, Daniele
; Costa, Eduardo Leite Vieira
; Silva Júnior, Elson Mendes Da
; Regalio, Fabiane Aliotti
; Segura, Gabriela Cardoso
; Marcelino, Gustavo Brasil
; Louro, Giulia Sefrin
; Ho, Yeh-Li
; Ferreira, Isabela Argollo
; Gois, Jeison de Oliveira
; Silva Junior, Joao Manoel Da
; Reusing Junior, Jose Otto
; Ribeiro, Julia Fray
; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho
; Galleti, Karine Vusberg
; Silva, Katia Regina
; Isensee, Larissa Padrao
; Oliveira, Larissa dos Santos
; Taniguchi, Leandro Utino
; Letaif, Leila Suemi
; Lima, Lígia Trombetta
; Park, Lucas Yongsoo
; Chaves Netto, Lucas
; Nobrega, Luciana Cassimiro
; Haddad, Luciana
; Hajjar, Ludhmila
; Malbouisson, Luiz Marcelo
; Pandolfi, Manuela Cristina Adsuara
; Park, Marcelo
; Carmona, Maria José Carvalho
; Andrade, Maria Castilho Prandini H De
; Santos, Mariana Moreira
; Bateloche, Matheus Pereira
; Suiama, Mayra Akimi
; Oliveira, Mayron Faria de
; Sousa, Mayson Laercio
; Louvaes, Michelle
; Huemer, Natassja
; Mendes, Pedro
; Lins, Paulo Ricardo Gessolo
; Santos, Pedro Gaspar Dos
; Moreira, Pedro Ferreira Paiva
; Guazzelli, Renata Mello
; Reis, Renato Batista Dos
; Oliveira, Renato Daltro De
; Roepke, Roberta Muriel Longo
; Pedro, Rodolpho Augusto De Moura
; Kondo, Rodrigo
; Rached, Samia Zahi
; Fonseca, Sergio Roberto Silveira Da
; Borges, Thais Sousa
; Ferreira, Thalissa
; Cobello Junior, Vilson
; Sales, Vivian Vieira Tenório
; Ferreira, Willaby Serafim Cassa
.
OBJECTIVES: We designed a cohort study to describe characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in the largest public hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil, as Latin America becomes the epicenter of the pandemic. METHODS: This is the protocol for a study being conducted at an academic hospital in Brazil with 300 adult ICU beds dedicated to COVID-19 patients. We will include adult patients admitted to the ICU with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 during the study period. The main outcome is ICU survival at 28 days. Data will be collected prospectively and retrospectively by trained investigators from the hospital’s electronic medical records, using an electronic data capture tool. We will collect data on demographics, comorbidities, severity of disease, and laboratorial test results at admission. Information on the need for advanced life support and ventilator parameters will be collected during ICU stay. Patients will be followed up for 28 days in the ICU and 60 days in the hospital. We will plot Kaplan-Meier curves to estimate ICU and hospital survival and perform survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify the main risk factors for mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04378582. RESULTS: We expect to include a large sample of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU and to be able to provide data on admission characteristics, use of advanced life support, ICU survival at 28 days, and hospital survival at 60 days. CONCLUSIONS: This study will provide epidemiological data about critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Brazil, which could inform health policy and resource allocation in low- and middle-income countries.
https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e2294
1957 downloads
7.
Candida on oral cavity of pediatric individuals with ALL and its susceptibility to nystatin and amphotericin B
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MONTEIRO, Larissa Cavalcanti
; RIBEIRO, Isabella Lima Arrais
; BATISTA, Roberta Ferreti Bonan Dantas
; MACIEL, Panmella Pereira
; VALENÇA, Ana Maria Gondim
; DULGHEROFF, Ana Carolina Bernardes
; SOUZA, Joelma Rodrigues
; CAVALCANTI, Yuri Wanderley
; CASTELLANO, Lucio Roberto Cançado
; BONAN, Paulo Rogério Ferreti
.
RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência e colonização de Candida na cavidade oral de indivíduos pediátricos com leucemia linfocítica aguda (LLA) e sua susceptibilidade/resistência à nistatina e à anfotericina B. Métodos: estudo transversal observacional com abordagem descritiva e analítica. A saliva foi coletada de 40 indivíduos diagnosticados com LLA e de 40 indivíduos saudáveis, como grupo comparativo, combinados por idade e sexo com o grupo LLA. A idade média para ambos os grupos foi de 8 anos de idade. O isolamento e a identificação das espécies de Candida foram realizados utilizando o CHROMagarCandidaTM e confirmados pela reação em cadeia da polimerase. As amostras foram submetidas a susceptibilidade antifúngica por meio de ensaio de microdiluição para nistatina e anfotericina B. As alterações salivares e a mucosite oral induzida por quimioterapia foram avaliadas utilizando o Guia de avaliação modificada. Resultados: A positividade para Candida foi superior aos indivíduos in situ (32,5%, 13/40) do que em um grupo comparativo (2,5%, 1/40) (p <0,001). Candida albicans foi a cepa mais prevalente (86,6%). A mucosite foi diretamente associada à colonização positive por Candida (p = 0,017) no grupo LLA, mas não relacionada com alterações salivares (p = 0,479). Seis estirpes de C. albicans (54,5%), no grupo LLA, eram resistentes à nistatina e todas as cepas não eram suscetíveis à anfotericina B. Conclusão: A colonização por Candida foi associada à condição LLA e à mucosite oral nesses indivíduos. C. albicans era a cepa predominante e a maioria das amostras eram resistentes aos agentes antifúngicos testados, nistatina e anfotericina B.
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Candida colonizationon oral cavity of pediatric individuals with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its susceptibility/resistance to nystatin and amphotericin B. Methods: This was a cross sectional study with observational, descriptive and analytic approach. Saliva was collected from40 individuals diagnosed with ALL and from40 healthy subjects, as a comparative group, matched by age and gender with ALL group. The mean age for both groups were 8 years-old. The isolation and identification of the Candidaspecies were performed using the CHROMagarCandidaTM and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The samples were subjected to antifungal susceptibility by microdilution assay for nystatin and amphotericin B. Salivary alterations and chemotherapy-induced oralmucositis were evaluated using modifiedOral Assessment Guide. Results: The positivity to Candida was higher inALL individuals (32.5%,13/40)than in a comparative group(2.5%, 1/40) (p<0.001). Candida albicans was the most prevalent strain (86.6%). The mucositis was directly associated with positive Candidacolonization (p=0.017) in the ALL group but not related with salivary alterations (p= 0.479). Six strains of C. albicans (54.5%), on ALL group, were resistant to nystatin and all strains were not susceptible to amphotericin B. Conclusion: Candida colonization was associated with ALL condition and with oral mucositis in these individuals. C. albicans was the prevalent strain and most samples were resistant to antifungal agents tested, nystatin and amphotericin B.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372019000183558
1451 downloads
8.
Chain Elongation Influence in Copolymerization with Different Diesters of Norbornene 2,3-Dicarboxylic Acid Monomers via ROMP under Air Atmosphere
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Braga, Sâmia D.
; Vieira, Vanessa B.
; Silva-Neta, Cristina V.
; Batista, Nouga C.
; Fonseca, Larissa R.
; Lima-Neto, Benedito S.
; Luz Jr., Geraldo E.
; Sá, José Luiz S.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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Diesters of norbornene 2,3-dicarboxylic acid (NBE-(COOR)2), in which R is an alkyl group, were synthesized from one-pot synthesis method with 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid and methanol and ethanol. The new monomers were, respectively, the dimethyl ester NBE-(COOCH3)2 and diethyl ester NBE-(COOCH2CH3)2. Norbornene was mixed with these monomers at different proportions and copolymerized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with 1st generation Grubbs' catalyst. All experiments were conducted under air atmosphere to obtain the isolated polymer. Yield results show that elongation of the R group influenced the copolymerization process. At the same co-monomer proportion, the yield decreases as a function of the R group elongation. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed and, in all cases, more than one thermal degradation process was observed. The first process was assigned to pendent group degradation, whereas the second process was assigned to main chain degradation. These thermal processes were also influenced by different elongation of the aliphatic group of the pendent chain.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170233
665 downloads
9.
Improvement of Solubility and Antifungal Activity of a New Aminothiophene Derivative by Complexation with 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
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Eleamen, Giovanna R. A.
; Costa, Silvana C. da
; Lima-Neto, Reginaldo G.
; Neves, Rejane P.
; Rolim, Larissa A.
; Rolim-Neto, Pedro J.
; Moura, Ricardo O.
; Aquino, Thiago M. de
; Bento, Edson S.
; Scotti, Marcus T.
; Mendonça-Junior, Francisco J. B.
; Mendonça, Elisangela A. M.
; Oliveira, Elquio E.
.
This study aimed to prepare a complex of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and 6CN10, a poorly water soluble 2-aminothiophene derivative with antifungal properties, by freeze-drying technique. The complex was characterized by thermal analysis, infrared/Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, we used the data of the phase solubility study, 1H, and 2D NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling in order to investigate the interactions between 6CN10 and HP-β-CD. The apparent solubility of 6CN10 with HP-β-CD increased more than 29 fold. The phase solubility assay in water at 25 ºC showed an AP-type curve, with an apparent stability constant K1:1 and K1:2 of 96 and 0.1989 M-1, respectively. The results of IR, NMR and docking indicate that 6CN10 is able to form complexes with HP-β-CD (1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometric ratios), generating the formation of inclusion and preferably, non-inclusion complexes. The antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans demonstrated the superior performance of the complex (46.66 µg mL-1) when compared with the free drug (166.66-333.33 µg mL-1). The present study provides useful information for the potential application of complexation with low soluble compounds and about the type of complex formation between 6CN10 and HP-β-CD.
https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160153
1474 downloads
10.
Desempenho de plantas de cobertura sob níveis de compactação em Latossolo Vermelho de Cerrado
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Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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RESUMOObjetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o desempenho de plantas de cobertura em um Latosso Vermelho de cerrado sob níveis de compactação. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 5, compostos de quatro plantas de cobertura (Urochloa brizantha; Pennisetum glaucum cv. ANM 17; Crotalaria ochroleuca e Eleusine coracana cv. ANPG 207) e cinco níveis de densidade do solo (1,1; 1,3; 1,5; 1,7 e 1,9 Mg m-3), com quatro repetições. Para U. brizantha; P. glaucum; C. Ochroleuca os maiores valores de altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e área foliar foram verificados nas densidades de 1,3 a 1,5 Mg m-3. Os maiores valores de fitomassa seca da parte aérea e fitomassa seca da raiz foram verificados para E. coracana e U. Brizantha nas densidades de até 1,62 e 1,54 Mg m-3 respectivamente. Considerando o volume relativo de 90%, E. coracana e U. Brizanthase desenvolvem normalmente com densidade de até 1,65 Mg m-3. A distribuição percentual de raiz de E. coracanaabaixo da camada compactada aumenta com o incremento nos níveis de densidade. E. coracana e U. brizantha se destacam como plantas com potencial de reduzir a compactação do solo.
ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of cover crops in an Oxisol in ‘Cerrado’ under compaction levels. The experimental design was in a randomized blocks in 4 x 5 factorial, composed by four cover crops (Urochloa brizantha; Pennisetum glaucum cv. ANM 17; Crotalaria ochroleuca and Eleusine coracana cv. ANPG 207) and five levels of soil density (1.1; 1.3; 1.5; 1.7 and 1.9 Mg m-3). For U. brizantha; P. glaucum; C. Ochroleuca higher values of height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area were observed at densities from 1.3 to 1.5 Mg m-3. The highest values of dry biomass of shoots, dry biomass of root and volume of root were observed for E. coracana and U. Brizantha in densities up to 1.62, 1.54 and 1,52 Mg m-3, respectively. Considering the relative volume of 90%, E. coracana and U. Brizantha develop normally until a density of 1.65 Mg m-3. The percentage distribution of the roots of E. coracana below the compacted layer increases with increasing density. E. coracana and U. brizantha stand out as plants with potential to reduce soil bulk density.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n11p1064-1071
2182 downloads
11.
The relationship between dual-task and cognitive performance among elderly participants who exercise regularly
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BACKGROUND: The dual-task performance is associated with the functionality of the elderly and it becomes more complex with age. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the Timed Up and Go dual task (TUG-DT) and cognitive tests among elderly participants who exercise regularly. METHOD: This study examined 98 non-institutionalized people over 60 years old who exercised regularly. Participants were assessed using the TUG-DT (i.e. doing the TUG while listing the days of the week in reverse order), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The motor (i.e. time and number of steps) and cognitive (i.e. number of correct words) data were collected from TUG-DT . We used a significance level of α=0.05 and SPSS 17.0 for all data analyses. RESULTS: This current elderly sample featured a predominance of women (69.4%) who were highly educated (median=10 years of education) compared to Brazilian population and mostly non-fallers (86.7%). The volunteers showed a good performance on the TUG-DT and the other cognitive tests, except the MoCA, with scores below the cutoff of 26 points. Significant and weak correlations were observed between the TUG-DT (time) and the visuo-spatial/executive domain of the MoCA and the MMSE. The cognitive component of the TUG-DT showed strong correlations between the total MoCA performance score and its visuo-spatial/executive domain. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the TUG-DT to assess cognition is promising; however, the use of more challenging cognitive tasks should be considered when the study population has a high level of education.
https://doi.org/10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0082
3821 downloads
12.
Gestational diabetes: a risk of puerperal hypovitaminosis A?
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RESENDE, FERNANDA B.S.
; LIRA, LARISSA Q. DE
; GRILO, EVELLYN C.
; LIMA, MAYARA S.R.
; DIMENSTEIN, ROBERTO
.
Foi verificada a influência do diabetes gestacional sobre deficiência de vitamina A em puérperas e, consequentemente, em seus recém-nascidos, por meio de um estudo caso-controle do tipo transversal realizado com puérperas voluntárias. O grupo controle foi composto por mulheres saudáveis e o grupo caso foi composto por mulheres com diabetes gestacional. Cento e sete mulheres foram recrutadas, correspondendo a 71 controles e 36 casos. Dados pessoais, gestacionais e dos recém-nascidos foram coletados diretamente dos prontuários médicos durante a internação. O retinol foi determinado no colostro e no soro por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência. As puérperas com diabetes gestacional eram mais velhas, tinham mais filhos e maior prevalência de parto por cesariana. Não houve diferença na concentração de retinol no leite e soro maternos entre os grupos. No entanto, observou-se que 16,7% das pacientes do grupo com diabetes tinham deficiência de vitamina A e apenas 4,1% tinham essa deficiência no grupo de controle. Embora não tenha sido encontrada diferença na concentração de retinol sérico e no colostro entre mulheres com e sem diabetes gestacional, a análise individual mostra que aquelas com diabetes têm um risco maior de serem deficientes em vitamina A.
The influence of gestational diabetes on vitamin A deficiency in lactating women and, consequently, in their newborn has been verified through a cross-sectional case-control study conducted with volunteer puerperal women. The control group consisted of healthy women and the test group was composed of women with gestational diabetes. One hundred and seven women were recruited, corresponding to 71 controls and 36 cases. Personal, gestational and newborn data were collected directly from medical records during hospitalization. The retinol was determined in maternal colostrum and serum by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Postpartum women with gestational diabetes were older, had more children and a higher prevalence of cesarean delivery. No difference was found in retinol concentration in maternal milk and serum between the groups. However, it was observed that 16.7% had vitamin A deficiency in the group of patients with diabetes and only 4.1% had such deficiency in the control group. Although no difference was found in colostrum and serum retinol concentration between women with and without gestational diabetes, the individual analysis shows that those with diabetes are at higher risk of being vitamin A deficient.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140164
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13.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
14.
Distribuição espacial das raízes de cafeeiro e dos poros de dois Latossolos sob manejo conservacionista
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Carducci, Carla E.
; Oliveira, Geraldo C. de
; Lima, José M.
; Rossoni, Diogo F.
; Costa, Alisson L. da
; Oliveira, Larissa M.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
- Journal Metrics
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do sistema de manejo que emprega práticas de conservação do solo na distribuição do sistema radicular de cafeeiros e na estrutura de dois Latossolos após seis anos de implantação da lavoura na região do Alto São Francisco, MG. Foram abertas três trincheiras aleatórias e longitudinais à linha de plantio (0,70 x 1,50 m) em um Latossolo gibbsítico e em um Latossolo caulinítico ambos sob sistema de manejo do solo que emprega práticas conservacionistas. A avaliação do sistema radicular foi feita pelo método do perfil cultural e análise digital de imagens 2D, com posterior confecção de mapas de superfície das variáveis radiculares analisadas por meio da krigagem. Amostras de solo com estrutura preservada foram coletadas para quantificar a distribuição do diâmetro de poros 3D obtida por tomografia computada de raios-X. As raízes e poros foram classificados em: 1, >1 e ≤ 3 e > 3 mm de diâmetro. O sistema radicular dos cafeeiros de ambos os solos em estudo mesmo sobre o mesmo sistema de manejo apresentaram boa ramificação na direção horizontal e vertical. A maior concentração de raízes ocorreu na profundidade de 0,20-0,34 m no Latossolo caulinítico. No Latossolo gibbsítico, a distribuição radicular foi uniformizada especialmente na direção vertical do perfil do solo atingindo maiores profundidade. A maior ocorrência de raízes finas ocorreu no Latossolo gibsítico na profundidade de 0,80-0,94 m.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of management system employing soil conservation practices in the coffee root system distribution and in the structure of two Latosols after six years in the crop establishment in Alto São Francisco Valley, MG. Three random trenches were made lengthwise along the row planting (0.70 x 1.50 m) in a gibbsitic Latosol and a kaolinitc Latosol both under soil management system employing soil conservationist practices. The root system evaluation was done by crop profile methods and 2D image analyze, with subsequent surface mapping of the root variables analyzed by kriging. Intact soil cores were sampled for pore diameter distribution analysed by X-ray CT scan. The roots and pores were classified by diameter:1, > 1 and ≤ 3 and > 3 mm. The coffee root system in both soils under study on the same management system showed good branching in horizontal and vertical direction. The highest root concentration occurred at 0.20-0.34 m depth in kaolinitic Latosol. In gibbsitic Latosol the root distribution was uniform, especially in the vertical soil profile reaching greater depths. The highest occurrence of fine roots in the gibbsitic Latosol occurred at 0.80-0.94 m depth.
4416 downloads
15.
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of Caesalpinia ferrea
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Lima, Sandrine Maria A.
; Araújo, Larissa Cardoso C.
; Sitônio, Marília Maria
; Freitas, Ana Carina C.
; Moura, Sirlene L.
; Correia, Maria Tereza S.
; Malta, Diana Jussara N.
; Gonçalves-Silva, Teresinha
.
Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. belongs to the family Fabaceae. Known as pau-ferro and jucá, it is used in folk medicine to treat diabetes, as antipyretic and antirheumatic. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the ethanol extract of the fruits of C. ferrea (EECf). In the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, EECf (50 mg/kg) produced significantly inhibition of ear edema by 66.6% compared to control. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) showed inhibition of 83.9% compared to control. EECf (50 mg/kg) inhibited of vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and was also able to reduce of cell migration to the peritoneal cavity induced by thioglycolate. In the writhing test induced by acid acetic, EECf (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of contortions by 24.9, 46.9 and 74.2%, respectively. In the formalin test, EECf presented effects only in the second phase. The results provided experimental evidence for the effectiveness of the traditional use of C. ferrea in treating various diseases associated with inflammation and pain.
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