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Abstract Objective: To assess the predictive value of selected growth phenotypes for neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants < 30 weeks and to compare them with INTERGROWTH-21st (IG21). Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from the Brazilian Neonatal Research Network (BNRN) database for very low birth weight (VLBW) at 20 public tertiary-care university hospitals. Outcome: the composite neonatal morbidity and mortality (CNMM) consisted of in-hospital death, oxygen use at 36 weeks, intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 or 4, and Bell stage 2 or 3 necrotizing enterocolitis. Selected growth phenotypes: small-for-gestational-age (SGA) defined as being < 3rd (SGA3) or 10th (SGA10) percentiles of BW, and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) as being > 97th percentile of BW. Stunting as being < 3rd percentile of the length and wasting as being < 3rd percentile of BMI. Single and multiple log-binomial regression models were fitted to estimate the relative risks of CNMM, comparing them to IG21. Results: 4,072 infants were included. The adjusted relative risks of CNMM associated with selected growth phenotypes were (BNRN/IG21): 1.45 (0.92–2.31)/1.60 (1.27–2.02) for SGA; 0.90 (0.55–1.47)/1.05 (0.55–1.99) for LGA; 1.65 (1.08–2.51)/1.58 (1.28–1.96) for stunting; and 1.48 (1.02–2.17) for wasting. Agreement between the two references was variable. The growth phenotypes had good specificity (>95%) and positive predictive value (70-90%), with poor sensitivity and low negative predictive value. Conclusion: The BNRN phenotypes at birth differed markedly from the IG21 standard and showed poor accuracy in predicting adverse neonatal outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2022.07.007

Diretrizes Brasileiras para o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19: Diretriz conjunta da Associação Brasileira de Medicina de Emergência, Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira, Associação Médica Brasileira, Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia e Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia
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Falavigna, Maicon

; Stein, Cinara

; Amaral, José Luiz Gomes do

; Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes de

; Belli, Karlyse Claudino

; Colpani, Verônica

; Cunha, Clóvis Arns da

; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe

; Dias, Maria Beatriz Souza

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Freitas, Ana Paula da Rocha

; Gräf, Débora Dalmas

; Guimarães, Hélio Penna

; Lobo, Suzana Margareth Ajeje

; Monteiro, José Tadeu

; Nunes, Michelle Silva

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli de

; Prado, Clementina Corah Lucas

; Santos, Vania Cristina Canuto

; Silva, Rosemeri Maurici da

; Sobreira, Marcone Lima

; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro

; Vidal, Ávila Teixeira

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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mar 2022, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 1 - 12

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: Há diversas terapias sendo utilizadas ou propostas para a COVID-19, muitas carecendo de apropriada avaliação de efetividade e segurança. O propósito deste documento é elaborar recomendações para subsidiar decisões sobre o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Um grupo de 27 membros, formado por especialistas, representantes do Ministério da Saúde e metodologistas, integra essa diretriz. Foi utilizado o método de elaboração de diretrizes rápidas, tomando por base a adoção e/ou a adaptação de recomendações a partir de diretrizes internacionais existentes (GRADE ADOLOPMENT), apoiadas pela plataforma e-COVID-19 RecMap. A qualidade das evidências e a elaboração das recomendações seguiram o método GRADE. Resultados: Foram geradas 16 recomendações. Entre elas, estão recomendações fortes para o uso de corticosteroides em pacientes em uso de oxigênio suplementar, para o uso de anticoagulantes em doses de profilaxia para tromboembolismo e para não uso de antibacterianos nos pacientes sem suspeita de infecção bacteriana. Não foi possível fazer uma recomendação quanto à utilização do tocilizumabe em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 em uso de oxigênio, pelas incertezas na disponibilidade e de acesso ao medicamento. Foi feita recomendação para não usar azitromicina, casirivimabe + imdevimabe, cloroquina, colchicina, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina, lopinavir/ ritonavir, plasma convalescente e rendesivir. Conclusão: Até o momento, poucas terapias se provaram efetivas no tratamento do paciente hospitalizado com COVID-19, sendo recomendados apenas corticosteroides e profilaxia para tromboembolismo. Diversos medicamentos foram considerados ineficazes, devendo ser descartados, de forma a oferecer o melhor tratamento pelos princípios da medicina baseada em evidências e promover economia de recursos não eficazes.

ABSTRACT Objective: Several therapies are being used or proposed for COVID-19, and many lack appropriate evaluations of their effectiveness and safety. The purpose of this document is to develop recommendations to support decisions regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods: A group of 27 experts, including representatives of the Ministry of Health and methodologists, created this guideline. The method used for the rapid development of guidelines was based on the adoption and/or adaptation of existing international guidelines (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) and supported by the e-COVID-19 RecMap platform. The quality of the evidence and the preparation of the recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results: Sixteen recommendations were generated. They include strong recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in patients using supplemental oxygen, the use of anticoagulants at prophylactic doses to prevent thromboembolism and the nonuse of antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection. It was not possible to make a recommendation regarding the use of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 using oxygen due to uncertainties regarding the availability of and access to the drug. Strong recommendations against the use of hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma, colchicine, lopinavir + ritonavir and antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection and also conditional recommendations against the use of casirivimab + imdevimab, ivermectin and rendesivir were made. Conclusion: To date, few therapies have proven effective in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and only corticosteroids and prophylaxis for thromboembolism are recommended. Several drugs were considered ineffective and should not be used to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and promote economical resource use.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220001-pt

O que fazer quando o câncer de tireoide avançado invade a artéria carótida? Desafio terapêutico
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Grillo, Vinicius Tadeu Ramos da Silva

; Jaldin, Rodrigo Gibin

; Bertanha, Matheus

; Sobreira, Marcone Lima

; Soares, Carlos Segundo Paiva

; Camargo, Paula Angeleli Bueno de

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro

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2022, Volume 21 elocation e20210220

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O carcinoma anaplásico da tireoide corresponde ao câncer de menor incidência e de pior prognóstico. Neste relato, descrevemos o caso de uma paciente de 64 anos submetida a tireoidectomia total associada a esvaziamento cervical nível VI devido a carcinoma papilífero de tireoide. No seguimento, apresentou sinais de recidiva regional e foi submetida a esvaziamento cervical ampliado e esofagectomia cervical. No intraoperatório, observou-se ausência de plano de clivagem entre o tumor e a artéria carótida comum (ACC) e procedeu-se com implante de shunt carotídeo, resseção em bloco incluindo segmento da ACC e do esôfago acometidos e ponte vascular com interposição da veia safena magna. Foi evidenciado carcinoma anaplásico em revisão de lâmina do exame anatomopatológico. A paciente foi submetida ao tratamento adjuvante e não apresenta sinais de recidiva locorregional. Diante da possibilidade de proceder uma cirurgia curativa com ressecção em bloco, o cirurgião vascular deve estar apto para as opções cirúrgicas.

Abstract Of all thyroid cancers, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) has the lowest incidence and worst prognosis. In this report, we describe a 64-year-old female patient who underwent total thyroidectomy and level VI neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. During follow-up, she showed signs of regional recurrence and underwent extended neck dissection and cervical esophagectomy. Intraoperatively, there was no cleavage plane between the tumor and the common carotid artery (CCA), so a carotid shunt was implanted and en bloc resection, including the affected CCA and esophagus segments was performed followed by vascular bypass with interposition of a great saphenous vein graft. A pathology review found evidence of anaplastic carcinoma. The patient underwent adjuvant treatment and has no signs of locoregional recurrence. Presented with the possibility of carrying out curative surgery with en bloc resection, the vascular surgeon must be prepared for the surgical options.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.202102201

Simulation of diets for dairy goats and growing doelings using nonlinear optimization procedures
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Glória, Leonardo Siqueira

; Abreu, Matheus Lima Corrêa

; Rocha, Norberto Silva

; Oliveira, Tadeu Silva de

; Gomes, Raphael dos Santos

; Rohem Júnior, Nardele Moreno

; Bendia, Laila Cecília Ramos

; Fernandes, Alberto Magno

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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feb 2016, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 71 - 84

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to simulate total dry matter intake and cost of diets optimized by nonlinear programming to meet the nutritional requirements of dairy does and growing doelings. The mathematical model was programmed in a Microsoft Excel(r) spreadsheet. Increasing values of body mass and average daily weight gain for growing doelings and increasing body mass values and milk yield for dairy does were used as inputs for optimizations. Three objective functions were considered: minimization of the dietary cost, dry matter intake maximization, and maximization of the efficiency of use of the ingested crude protein. To solve the proposed problems we used the Excel(r) Solver(r) algorithm. The Excel(r) Solver(r) was able to balance diets containing different objective functions and provided different spaces of feasible solutions. The best solutions are obtained by least-cost formulations; the other two objective functions, namely maximize dry matter intake and maximize crude protein use, do not produce favorable diets in terms of costs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-92902016000200005 1689 downloads

Reaction and colonization of common bean genotypes by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. Flaccumfaciens
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Maringoni, Antonio Carlos

; Ishiszuka, Mariane Sayuri

; Silva, Amanda Portes da

; Soman, José Marcelo

; Moura, Mônika Fecury

; Santos, Ricardo Lima dos

; Silva Júnior, Tadeu Antônio Fernandes da

; Chiorato, Alisson Fernando

; Carbonell, Sérgio Augusto Morais

; Fonseca Júnior, Nelson da Silva

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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jun 2015, Volume 15 N. 2 Pages 87 - 93

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A murcha-de-curtobacterium é umas principais doenças do feijoeiro e o uso de cultivares com níveis de resistência é fundamental para o manejo adequado da doença. A reação de 54 genótipos de feijoeiro comum a um isolado de Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) foi avaliada, assim como a colonização de cultivares e a obstrução de vasos de xilema primário da base de pecíolos de plantas inoculadas foram quantificadas. Ensaios conduzidos em casa-de-vegetação e laboratório evidenciaram resistência nas cultivares IAC Diplomata, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IPR Corujinha e IPR Tangará e nas linhagens P5-4-4-1 e C4-5-4-1-2. Uma menor velocidade de colonização por Cff também foi evidenciada nas cultivares resistentes (IAC Diplomata, IAC Carioca Tybatã e IAC Carioca Pyatã), assim como uma menor porcentagem de obstrução dos vasos de xilema primários na base de pecíolos, em comparação às cultivares suscetíveis (IAC Carioca e Pérola).

Bacterial wilt is one of the main diseases of common beans and the use of cultivars with some level of resistance is fundamental for an adequate disease management. The reaction of 54 common bean genotypes to Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) was evaluated, and the colonization of cultivars and obstruction of primary xylem vessels at the petiole base were assessed. In greenhouse and laboratory tests, resistance was detected in the cultivars IAC Diplomata, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IPR Corujinha, and IPR Tangará, and in the lines P5-4-4-1 and C4-5-4-1-2. The Cff colonization rate was also slower in the resistant cultivars (IAC Diplomata, IAC Carioca Tybatã, and IAC Carioca Pyatã) and the percentage of obstruction of primary xylem vessels at the petiole base lower than in the susceptible cultivars (IAC Carioca and Pérola).

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332015v15n2a16 1652 downloads

Sulfur sources in protein supplements for ruminants
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Silva, Cássio José da

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Costa, Marcone Geraldo

; Moreira, Leonardo Marmo

; Oliveira, Tadeu Silva de

; Abreu, Claudilene Lima de

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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oct 2014, Volume 43 N. 10 Pages 537 - 543

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The present study evaluates the efficiency of different sulfur sources for ruminant nutrition. The fiber digestibility and the amino acid profile were analyzed in the duodenal digesta of crossbred steers fed Brachiaria dictyoneurahay. The sources utilized were elemental sulfur (ES70S), elemental sulfur (ES98S); calcium sulfate in hydrated (HCS), CaSO4.2H2O, and anhydrous (ACS), CaSO4, forms; and ammonium sulfate (AS), (NH4)2SO4, keeping a nitrogen:sulfur ratio of 11:1. The iso-protein supplements had 50% of protein in the total dry matter (DM). Five Holstein × Zebu steers, which were fistulated in the rumen and abomasum, were distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square. The different sulfur sources in the supplement did not affect any of the evaluated nutritional factors, such as intake of hay dry matter and protein supplement, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), organic matter (OM), non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC), ether extract (EE), total digestible nutrients (TDN), NDFap and CP digestibility coefficients, ruminal pH, and ruminal ammonia concentration. The concentrations of amino acids available in the abomasal digesta did not differ significantly in the tested diets. The sulfur sources evaluated in the present study are suitable as supplement for cattle, and their employment may be important to avoid environmental contaminations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982014001000005 30064 downloads

Qualidade sensorial de néctares de maracujás BRS Ouro Vermelho produzidos em diferentes sistemas de cultivo
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Rodrigues, Juliana da Silva Quintiliano

; Pineli, Lívia de Lacerda de Oliveira

; Rodrigues, Nithyama Gouveia

; Lima, Herbert Cavalcante de

; Costa, Ana Maria

; Silva, Carlos Henrique Osorio

; Junqueira, Nilton Tadeu Vilela

; Chiarello, Marileusa D

Revista Ceres

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oct 2013, Volume 60 N. 5 Pages 595 - 602

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil sensorial e a aceitabilidade de néctares de maracujás obtidos de plantas submetidas a diferentes sistemas de produção, orgânico e convencional, com ou sem sombreamento pelo consórcio com mandioca. As amostras foram avaliadas por Análise Descritiva Quantitativa e por teste de aceitação com escala hedônica. Os dados do perfil descritivo e de aceitação foram analisados por Mapa de Preferência Externo, Análise de Variância e teste de comparação de médias de Fisher. Observou-se que os frutos que não foram submetidos ao sombreamento apresentaram néctares com perfil sensorial bastante semelhante e maior aceitação. Néctares de maracujá convencional não sombreado e orgânico não sombreado apresentaram correlação com os atributos aroma verde, homogeneidade e gosto ácido. As maiores diferenças na aceitação foram observadas entre as amostras convencional sombreada e orgânico não sombreada, com diferenças significativas nos atributos de cor, sabor e qualidade global. O Mapa de Preferência Externo apontou que a amostra de néctar convencional sombreado, com menor aceitação, foi correlacionada com os atributos fibrosidade e viscosidade.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensory profile and acceptability of passion fruit nectar obtained from plants cultivated under different production systems: organic or conventional, with or without shading by intercropping with cassava. The samples were evaluated by Quantitative Descriptive Analysis and Acceptance Testing with hedonic scale. Data from the descriptive profile and acceptance were analyzed by External Preference Mapping, Analysis of Variance and the Fisher's LDS test. Fruits that were not subjected to shading produced nectars with very similar sensory profile and greater acceptance. Unshaded conventional and unshaded organic passion fruit nectars correlated with the attributes "green aroma", "homogeneity" and "sour taste". The greatest differences in acceptance were found between shaded conventional and unshaded organic samples for the attributes of color, flavor and overall quality. External preference mapping showed that the sample of nectar from shaded conventional passion fruit, with lower acceptance, was correlated with the attributes fibrousness and viscosity.

2486 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Morphometric analysis of dendritic cells from anal mucosa of HIV-positive patients and the relation to intraepithelial lesions and cancer seen at a tertiary health institution in Brazil
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Guimarães, Adriana Gonçalves Daumas Pinheiro

; Silva Junior, Roberto Moreira da

; Costa, Oscar Tadeu Ferreira da

; Silva, Ivan Tramujas da Costa e

; Gimenez, Felicidad Santos

; Araujo, José Ribamar de

; Andrade, Rosilene Viana de

; Lopes, Erico Jander da Silva

; Pinheiro, Jacqueline Pereira

; Ferreira, Junia Raquel D.

; Malheiro, Adriana

; Ferreira, Luiz Carlos de Lima

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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dec 2011, Volume 26 N. 6 Pages 521 - 529

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Quantificar morfometricamente as células dendríticas DC CD1a+ e DC DC-SIGN+ em pacientes HIV positivos portadores de neoplasia escamosa intraepitelial anal e avaliar os efeitos da infecção pelo HIV, da terapia antirretroviral e da infecção pelo HPV sobre as células dendríticas epiteliais e subepiteliais. MÉTODOS: Um estudo prospectivo foi realizado para analisar morfometricamente o volume relativo das células dendríticas e as relações entre neoplasia intraepitelial anal e o câncer em pacientes HIV positivos da Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Brasil.Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a biópsia da mucosa retal para realizar uma análise clássica histopatológica e imunohistoquímica utilizando anticorpos contra anti-CD1a e anti-DC-SIGN, para a quantificação morfométrica das células dendríticas. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes HIV negativos apresentaram densidade das DC CD1a+ significativamente maior do que a dos pacientes HIV positivos (3,75 versus 2,54) (p:0,018), e os pacientes com severa apresentaram correlação das DC CD1a com os níveis de células TCD4(p:0,04) assim como a carga viral do HIV-1 (p:0,035). Observamos no subgrupo HIV-positivo/HAART positivo elevação não significativa na mediana da densidade das DC CD1a+ em relação ao grupo HIV-positivo/HAART negativo. As DC CD1a+ também se elevaram nos pacientes HIV negativo portadores de condiloma anorretal(2,33 para 3,53; p:0,05), com efeito inverso nos pacientes HIV positivos. CONCLUSÕES: Nossos dados confirmam a potencialização da ação sinérgica representada pela coinfecção HIV-HPV sobre o epitélio anal, fragilizando as DC em sua função primordial de vigilância imune. Notoriamente nos pacientes com neoplasia intraepithelial anal grave, a densidade das DC CD1a+ epiteliais sofreu influência da carga viral do HIV-1. Nosso estudo descreveu pela primeira vez a densidade das DC subepiteliais DC-SIGN+ em pacientes com neoplasia intraepithelial anal severa e apontamos para a possibilidade de que a terapia específica para o HIV induza a recuperação da densidade das DC epiteliais.

PURPOSE: To morphometrically quantify CD1a+ dentritic cells and DC-SIGN+ dendritic cells in HIV-positive patients with anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and to evaluate the effects of HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy and HPV infection on epithelial and subepithelial dendritic cells. METHODS: A prospective study was performed to morphometrically analyze the relative volume of the dendritic cells and the relationship between anal intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer in HIV-positive patients from the Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas, Brazil. All patients were submitted to biopsies of anorectal mucosa to perform a classic histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis, employing antibodies against CD1a and DC-SIGN for the morphometric quantification of dendritic cells. RESULTS: HIV-negative patients displayed a CD1a DC density significantly higher than that of HIV-positives patients (3.75 versus 2.54) (p=0.018), and in patients with severe anal intraepithelial neoplasia had correlated between DC CD1a density with levels of CD4 + cells (p: 0.04) as well as the viral load of HIV-1 (p: 0.035). A not significant rise in the median density of CD1a+ DC was observed in the HIV positive/ HAART positive subgroup compared to the HIV positive/ HAART negative subgroup. The CD1a+ DC were also significantly increased in HIV-negative patients with anorectal condyloma (2.33 to 3.53; p=0.05), with an opposite effect in HIV-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support an enhancement of the synergistic action caused by HIV-HPV co-infection on the anal epithelium, weakening the DC for its major role in immune surveillance. Notoriously in patients with severe anal intraepithelial neoplasia, the density of CD1a+ epithelial dendritic cells was influenced by the viral load of HIV-1. Our study describes for the first time the density of subepithelial DC-SIGN+ dendritic cells in patients with anal severe anal intraepithelial neoplasia and points to the possibility that a specific therapy for HIV induces the recovery of the density of epithelial DC.

9381 downloads

Otimização de metodologia analítica para o doseamento de flavonoides de Bauhinia cheilantha (Bongard) Steudel
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Peixoto Sobrinho, Tadeu José da Silva

; Gomes, Tiago de Lima Barros

; Cardoso, Késsio Carlos de Macedo

; Amorim, Elba Lúcia Cavalcanti de

; Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino de

Química Nova

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2010, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 288 - 291

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The present study examined the optimization of stabilization and extraction processes of the flavonoids of Bauhinia cheilantha (Bongard) Steudel. Four drying temperatures (room temperature, 40, 60 and 80 ºC) and seven extraction systems (distilled water, 100% methanol, 80% methanol, 100% ethanol, 80% ethanol, 80% acetone and 60% acetone) were examined. The results demonstrated a reduction in flavonoid levels with increasing drying temperatures; and 80% acetone, 80% ethanol, and methanol p.a extraction systems were found to be most efficient and its weren't differents statisticaly (p<0.05).

4327 downloads

10.

Número de amostras e relação dimensão: formato da moldura de amostragem para determinação da massa de forragem de gramíneas cespitosas
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Penati, Marco Antonio

; Corsi, Moacyr

; Lima, Cesar Gonçalves de

; Martha Júnior, Geraldo Bueno

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu da Silva

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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feb 2005, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 36 - 43

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No sentido de delinear sistemas de pastejo eficientes, é necessário avaliar periodicamente a massa de forragem na propriedade, no entanto, o conhecimento do número de amostras e da moldura de amostragem (tamanho e forma) a ser utilizada permanece incompleto. Nesse contexto, três experimentos foram delineados para avaliar o efeito do número de amostras (de duas a nove) e da relação dimensão:formato da moldura (0,25; 1,0; 2,0 e 3,0 m² nos formatos quadrado e retangular) sobre o coeficiente de variação em determinações da massa de forragem realizadas em pastagens que formam touceiras. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos completos casualizados, em um arranjo fatorial, com três ou quatro repetições, de acordo com o experimento. A interação entre o número de amostras e a relação dimensão:formato da moldura não foi significativa. A análise dos efeitos principais indicou que pelo menos quatro amostras de 1 m² (1 m x 1 m) devem ser feitas no sentido de estabilizar o coeficiente de variação e possibilitar uma estimativa confiável da massa de forragem.

In order to delineate efficient grazing systems it is important to periodically assess the herbage mass at the farm level. However, the knowledge concerning both, the number of samplings that should be performed and the quadrat (size and format) that should be used in these evaluations remains incomplete. In this context, three experiments were delineated to evaluate the effect of the number of samplings (varying from two to nine) and the dimension:format ratio of the quadrat (.25, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 m² for quadrate and rectangular formats) on the coefficient of variation in herbage mass determinations performed on tussock-forming pastures. A randomized complete block design, following a factorial arrangement with three or four replicates, according to the experiment, was adopted. The interaction between the number of samplings and the dimension:format ratio of the quadrat was not significant. The overall analysis of the main factors indicated that at least four samplings with a 1 m²-quadrat (1 m x 1 m) should be performed in order to stabilize the coefficient of variation and provide a reliable estimate of the herbage mass.

2552 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

11.

Hipertensão arterial e alcoolismo em trabalhadores de uma refinaria de petróleo
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Lima, Carlos Tadeu da Silva

; Carvalho, Fernando Martins

; Quadros, Cláudio de Almeida

; Gonçalves, Henrique Ribeiro

; Silva Junior, José Américo Seixas

; Peres, Maria Fernanda Tourinho

; Bonfim, Mirian Santos

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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sep 1999, Volume 6 N. 3 Pages 185 - 191

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O papel desempenhado pelo padrão de ingesta alcoólica sobre a incidência de hipertensão arterial ainda não está totalmente esclarecido; além disso, são raros os estudos realizados em populações de trabalhadores. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a associação entre alcoolismo e hipertensão arterial entre trabalhadores de uma refinaria de petróleo em Mataripe, Estado da Bahia, Brasil, de 1986 a 1993. O estudo foi de coorte retrospectiva, com 7 anos de seguimento, em uma amostra estratificada sistemática de 335 trabalhadores da refinaria. O diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial foi feito com base nas medidas da pressão arterial obtidas nos exames médicos periódicos. A partir dos resultados do teste CAGE, aplicado ao início do período de observação, estabeleceram-se três grupos de indivíduos: não-bebedores (n = 121), CAGE- negativos (n = 116), e CAGE-positivos (n = 98). O grupo CAGE-positivo apresentou maior risco relativo e atribuível de desenvolver hipertensão arterial do que o grupo CAGE-negativo (RR = 2,58; RA = 24,95% pessoas-ano) e que o grupo não-bebedor (RR = 2,06; RA = 20,97% pessoas-ano). As frações atribuíveis foram 61% e 51%, respectivamente, para as mesmas comparações. A padronização de taxas pela idade e hábito de fumar não modificaram substancialmente estes resultados. O alcoolismo é um importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de hipertensão arterial.

The role of alcohol ingestion in the incidence of arterial hypertension has not been completely established. In addition, there are few studies addressing this point in relation to populations of workers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between alcoholism and arterial hypertension among workers in an oil refinery in Mataripe, Bahia, Brazil, from 1986 to 1993. We designed a retrospective cohort study with a 7-year follow-up in a stratified systematic sample of 335 workers from the refinery. Arterial hypertension was diagnosed based on blood pressure measurements done during routine medical examinations. At the beginning of follow-up, three groups were defined using the CAGE test of alcohol dependency: nondrinkers (n = 121), CAGE-negative workers (n = 116), and CAGE-positive workers (n = 98). In comparison with the CAGE-negative group, the CAGE-positive group had both greater relative risk and greater attributable risk for developing arterial hypertension (RR = 2.58; AR = 24.95 per 1 000 person-years). The CAGE-positive group also had greater risks compared to nondrinkers (RR = 2.06; AR = 20.97 per 1 000 person-years). The attributable fractions for the same two comparisons of groups were 61% and 51%, respectively. Rate standardization by age or smoking habit did not substantially change the results. Alcoholism is an important risk factor for arterial hypertension.

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