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RESUMO Objetivo: Inquérito nacional de cobertura vacinal aos 12 e 24 meses de idade foi realizado para investigar as quedas nas coberturas a partir de 2016. Métodos: Amostra de 37.836 nascidos vivos das coortes de 2017 e 2018 residentes nas capitais, Distrito Federal (DF) e 12 cidades com mais de 100 mil habitantes, acompanhados nos primeiros 24 meses por registros nas cadernetas de vacinação. Setores censitários foram estratificados segundo condições socioeconômicas, e o mesmo número de crianças foi incluído para cada estrato. Calcularem-se coberturas vacinais de cada vacina e coberturas completas aos 12 e 24 meses, doses aplicadas, válidas e oportunas. Fatores familiares, maternos e da criança associados à cobertura foram pesquisados. Os motivos para não vacinar analisados foram: contraindicações médicas, dificuldades de acesso, problemas no funcionamento do programa e hesitação vacinal. Resultados: Os resultados preliminares mostram que menos de 1% das crianças não foram vacinadas, as coberturas pelo esquema completo são menores que 75% em todas as capitais e no DF, as vacinas com mais de uma dose perdem cobertura progressivamente, há diferenças entre os estratos socioeconômicos, favoráveis aos estratos mais altos em algumas cidades e aos estratos mais baixos em outras. Conclusão: Houve realmente redução da cobertura vacinal em todas as capitais e no DF para as crianças nascidas em 2017 e 2018, denotando piora na execução do Programa Nacional de Imunizações durante os anos de 2017 a 2019. O inquérito realizado não mensurou os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 que podem ter reduzido ainda mais as coberturas vacinais.

ABSTRACT Objective: The national vaccination coverage survey on full vaccination at 12 and 24 months of age was carried out to investigate drops in coverage as of 2016. Methods: A sample of 37,836 live births from the 2017 or 2018 cohorts living in capital cities, the Federal District, and 12 inner cities with 100 thousand inhabitants were followed for the first 24 months through vaccine record cards. Census tracts stratified according to socioeconomic levels had the same number of children included in each stratum. Coverage for each vaccine, full vaccination at 12 and 24 months and number of doses administered, valid and timely, were calculated. Family, maternal and child factors associated with coverage were surveyed. The reasons for not vaccinating analyzed were: medical contraindications, access difficulties, problems with the program, and vaccine hesitancy. Results: Preliminary results showed that less than 1% of children were not vaccinated, full coverage was less than 75% at all capitals and the Federal District, vaccines requiring more than one dose progressively lost coverage, and there were inequalities among socioeconomic strata, favorable to the highest level in some cities and to the lowest in others. Conclusion: There was an actual reduction in full vaccination in all capitals and the Federal District for children born in 2017 and 2018, showing a deteriorating implementation of the National Immunization Program from 2017 to 2019. The survey did not measure the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have further reduced vaccination coverage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020: methods and operational aspects
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Barata, Rita Barradas

; França, Ana Paula

; Guibu, Ione Aquemi

; Vasconcellos, Maurício Teixeira Leite de

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria Lima Cruz

; Domingues, Carla Magda Alan

; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Souza Oliveira

; de Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini

; de Oliveira, Consuelo Silva

; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão

; Canales, Ivy Thereza

; Nascimento, Valdir

; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Souza

; Lima, Luísa Helena de Oliveira

; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes

; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas

; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

; Meira, Meiruska

; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; de Carvalho, Martha Suely Itaparica

; Cesar, Tayñana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; da Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Boing, Antônio Fernando

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; de Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone

; Lima, Jaqueline Costa

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; de Araújo, Wildo Navegantes

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230031

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION, ACCORDING TO THE GLIM CRITERIA, IN PATIENTS WHO ARE THE CANDIDATES FOR GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT SURGERY
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SANTOS, Maurício Luann Dantas dos

; LEITE, Luana de Oliveira

; LAGES, Isolda Carneiro Freitas

ABCD. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo)

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2022, Volume 35 elocation e1663

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO - RACIONAL: Os pacientes cirúrgicos constituem um grupo de indivíduos comumente subdiagnosticado e subtratado, onde o comprometimento nutricional pode ser tanto um achado preexistente quanto decorrente do estado hipercatabólico e hipermetabólico. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de desnutrição, de acordo com os critérios GLIM (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition), e sua associação com fatores clínicos e nutricionais, em indivíduos internados em uma unidade cirúrgica de um hospital geral. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, envolvendo pacientes no pré-operatório por doenças gastrointestinais. Foram coletados dados demográficos, clínicos e nutricionais de pacientes adultos e idosos admitidos entre março e dezembro de 2019 em uma unidade cirúrgica. O risco nutricional foi avaliado pela ferramenta Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002). A prevalência de desnutrição foi encontrada a partir dos critérios GLIM. Modelos de regressão logística binária foram realizados para determinar a associação entre o diagnóstico de desnutrição pelo método GLIM e variáveis clínicas e nutricionais. RESULTADOS: A maior parte da amostra apresentou risco nutricional (50,2%) conforme NRS 2002. A prevalência de desnutrição pelos critérios GLIM foi 32,3%, sendo a desnutrição grave predominante (21,2%) em todas as faixas etárias. Verificou-se associação entre a desnutrição e o risco nutricional detectado pela NRS-2002 (OR: 5,791; IC5% 3,201-10,478). Observou-se predominância de pacientes candidatos a cirurgias oncológicas (64%) e estes apresentaram maiores chances de receber o diagnóstico de desnutrição (OR: 2,068; IC95%: 1,161-3,683), após ajuste estatístico. CONCLUSÃO: Foi Identificado importante prevalência de risco nutricional avaliado pela NRS-2002 e de desnutrição pelo método GLIM, principalmente na forma grave. Além disso, os pacientes no pré-operatório com risco nutricional, detectado por meio da ferramenta de triagem nutricional NRS 2002, e aqueles candidatos à cirurgia oncológica têm mais chances de serem diagnosticados como desnutridos pelos critérios GLIM.

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Surgical patients constitute a group of individuals who are commonly underdiagnosed and undertreated, where nutritional impairment can be either a preexisting finding or a result of the hypercatabolic and hypermetabolic state. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of malnutrition, according to the GLIM criteria, and its association with clinical and nutritional factors, in individuals admitted to a surgical unit of a general hospital. METHODS: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted, involving patients in the preoperative period due to gastrointestinal diseases. Demographic, clinical, and nutritional data were collected from adult and elderly patients admitted to a surgical unit between March and December 2019. Nutritional risk was assessed using the Nutritional Risk Screening tool (NRS-2002). The prevalence of malnutrition was found using the GLIM criteria. Binary logistic regression modeling was performed to determine the association between the diagnosis of malnutrition using the GLIM method and clinical and nutritional variables. RESULTS: The majority of the sample presented nutritional risk (50.2%) according to the NRS-2002. The prevalence of malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria was 32.3%, with severe malnutrition being predominant (21.2%) in all age groups. There was an association between malnutrition and nutritional risk detected by the NRS-2002 (OR: 5.791; 95%CI 3.201-10.478). There was a predominance of patients undergoing cancer surgery (64%) and these patients were more likely to be diagnosed with malnutrition (OR: 2.068; 95%CI: 1.161-3.683), after statistical adjustment. CONCLUSION: An important prevalence of nutritional risk assessed by the NRS-2002 and of malnutrition assessed by the GLIM method was identified, especially in its severe form. In addition, preoperative patients with nutritional risk, as detected using the NRS-2002 nutritional screening tool, and candidates for oncologic surgery are more likely to be diagnosed as malnourished using the GLIM criteria.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-672020210002e1663

Microalga Scenedesmus obliquus: extraction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity
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Silva, Monique Ellen Torres da

; Martins, Márcio Arêdes

; Leite, Maurício de Oliveira

; Milião, Gustavo Leite

; Coimbra, Jane Sélia dos Reis

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2021, Volume 52 N. 2 elocation e20196848

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO As microalgas têm sido pesquisadas como fonte sustentável de compostos bioativos para as indústrias alimentícia e farmacêutica. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram extrair, caracterizar ácidos graxos de Scenedesmus obliquus e separar, quantificar e avaliar a capacidade antioxidante de carotenóides e compostos fenólicos desta microalga. As células de microalga foram rompidas usando ultra-som. Determinou-se a composição centesimal das células liofilizadas. Os ácidos graxos do óleo foram convertidos em ésteres metílicos e analisados por cromatografia gasosa (detector de ionização de chama) para obtenção do perfil de ácidos graxos. Acetona, éter de petróleo e hexano foram os solventes aplicados para extrair os carotenóides e o etanol foi utilizado para separar os compostos fenólicos. A atividade antioxidante dos extratos foi determinada pelo método DPPH. A quantidade de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados correspondeu a 47,31% do total para insaturados, com predomínio de ácido linolênico (16,74%) e aproximadamente 9,70% de ômega-6. O teor de carotenóides extraídos foi maior usando hexano. Concentração fenólica total de 1,12 g∙100 g-1 microalga foi encontrada. Altos percentuais de inibição da oxidação foram observados para os extratos de carotenóides (> 88%) e compostos fenólicos (> 72%). Portanto, Scenedesmus obliquus apresenta-se como uma fonte alternativa, natural e sustentável de compostos bioativos.

ABSTRACT Microalgae have been researched as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds for the food and pharmaceutical industries. The objectives of this work were the extraction and the characterization of fatty acids of Scenedesmus obliquus and to separate, quantify, and evaluate the antioxidant capacity of carotenoids and phenolic compounds of this microalga. The microalga cells were disrupted by using ultrasound. The centesimal composition of lyophilized cells was determined. Fatty acids of the oil were converted into methyl esters and analyzed by gas chromatography (flame ionization detector) to obtain the fatty acid profile. Acetone, petroleum ether, and hexane were the solvents applied to extract the carotenoids and ethanol was used to separate the phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by the DPPH method. The amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids corresponded to 47.31% of the total for unsaturated, with the predominance of linolenic acid (16.74%) and approximately 9.70% of omega-6. The content of extracted carotenoids was higher by using hexane. Total phenolics concentration of 1.12 g 100 g-1 microalga was found. High percentages of oxidation inhibition were observed for the extracts of carotenoids (>88%) and phenolic compounds (>72%). Therefore, Scenedesmus obliquus presents itself as an alternative, natural, and sustainable source of bioactive compounds.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20210036 125 downloads

Medidas de distanciamento social no controle da pandemia de COVID-19: potenciais impactos e desafios no Brasil
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Aquino, Estela M. L.

; Silveira, Ismael Henrique

; Pescarini, Julia Moreira

; Aquino, Rosana

; Souza-Filho, Jaime Almeida de

; Rocha, Aline dos Santos

; Ferreira, Andrea

; Victor, Audêncio

; Teixeira, Camila

; Machado, Daiane Borges

; Paixão, Enny

; Alves, Flávia Jôse Oliveira

; Pilecco, Flávia

; Menezes, Greice

; Gabrielli, Ligia

; Leite, Luciana

; Almeida, Maria da Conceição Chagas de

; Ortelan, Naiá

; Fernandes, Qeren Hapuk R. Ferreira

; Ortiz, Renzo Joel Flores

; Palmeira, Raquel Nunes

; Pinto Junior, Elzo Pereira

; Aragão, Erika

; Souza, Luis Eugenio Portela Fernandes de

; Barral Netto, Manoel

; Teixeira, Maria Glória

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Ichihara, Maria Yury

; Lima, Raíza Tourinho dos Reis Silva

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jun 2020, Volume 25 Suppl. 1 Pages 2423 - 2446

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 tem desafiado pesquisadores e gestores a encontrar medidas de saúde pública que evitem o colapso dos sistemas de saúde e reduzam os óbitos. Esta revisão narrativa buscou sistematizar as evidências sobre o impacto das medidas de distanciamento social na epidemia de COVID-19 e discutir sua implementação no Brasil. Foram triados artigos sobre o efeito do distanciamento social na COVID-19 no PubMed, medRXiv e bioRvix, e analisados atos do poder público nos níveis federal e estadual para sumarizar as estratégias implementadas no Brasil. Os achados sugerem que o distanciamento social adotado por população é efetivo, especialmente quando combinado ao isolamento de casos e à quarentena dos contatos. Recomenda-se a implementação de medidas de distanciamento social e de políticas de proteção social para garantir a sustentabilidade dessas medidas. Para o controle da COVID-19 no Brasil, é imprescindível que essas medidas estejam aliadas ao fortalecimento do sistema de vigilância nos três níveis do SUS, que inclui a avaliação e uso de indicadores adicionais para monitorar a evolução da pandemia e o efeito das medidas de controle, a ampliação da capacidade de testagem, e divulgação ampla e transparente das notificações e de testagem desagregadas.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged researchers and policy makers to identify public safety measures forpreventing the collapse of healthcare systems and reducingdeaths. This narrative review summarizes the available evidence on the impact of social distancing measures on the epidemic and discusses the implementation of these measures in Brazil. Articles on the effect of social distancing on COVID-19 were selected from the PubMed, medRXiv and bioRvix databases. Federal and state legislation was analyzed to summarize the strategies implemented in Brazil. Social distancing measures adopted by the population appear effective, particularly when implemented in conjunction with the isolation of cases and quarantining of contacts. Therefore, social distancing measures, and social protection policies to guarantee the sustainability of these measures, should be implemented. To control COVID-19 in Brazil, it is also crucial that epidemiological monitoring is strengthened at all three levels of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). This includes evaluating and usingsupplementary indicators to monitor the progression of the pandemic and the effect of the control measures, increasing testing capacity, and making disaggregated notificationsand testing resultstransparentand broadly available.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10502020 73073 downloads

Medidas de distanciamento social no controle da pandemia de COVID-19: potenciais impactos e desafios no Brasil
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Aquino, Estela M. L.

; Silveira, Ismael Henrique

; Pescarini, Julia Moreira

; Aquino, Rosana

; Souza-Filho, Jaime Almeida de

; Rocha, Aline dos Santos

; Ferreira, Andrea

; Victor, Audêncio

; Teixeira, Camila

; Machado, Daiane Borges

; Paixão, Enny

; Alves, Flávia Jôse Oliveira

; Pilecco, Flávia

; Menezes, Greice

; Gabrielli, Ligia

; Leite, Luciana

; Almeida, Maria da Conceição Chagas de

; Ortelan, Naiá

; Fernandes, Qeren Hapuk R. Ferreira

; Ortiz, Renzo Joel Flores

; Palmeira, Raquel Nunes

; Pinto Junior, Elzo Pereira

; Aragão, Erika

; Souza, Luis Eugenio Portela Fernandes de

; Barral Netto, Manoel

; Teixeira, Maria Glória

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Ichihara, Maria Yury

; Lima, Raíza Tourinho dos Reis Silva

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2020, Volume 25 Suppl. 1 Pages 2423 - 2446

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10502020

Antibiofilm Activity of an Experimental Ricinus Communis Dentifrice on Soft Denture Liners
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Badaró, Maurício Malheiros

; Leite-Fernandes, Vanessa Maria Fagundes

; Martin, Luciano Trevisan

; Oliveira, Viviane de Cássia

; Watanabe, Evandro

; Paranhos, Helena de Freitas de Oliveira

; Silva-Lovato, Cláudia Helena

Brazilian Dental Journal

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jun 2019, Volume 30 N. 3 Pages 252 - 258

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A desvantagem dos materiais resilientes é a dificuldade de controle do biofilme. Este estudo comparou um dentífrico experimental contendo Ricinus communis, com dentifrícios comerciais quanto atividade contra biofilme formado em reembasador de próteses totais. Seiscentos espécimes foram distribuídos em 5 grupos (n=18/microrganismo): água; dentifrício experimental; dentifrício específico para próteses totais e dois convencionais; contra C. albicans; C. glabrata; S. mutans; S. aureus; E. coli. Cada grupo teve um controle negativo (n=5; sem contaminação) e um positivo (n=15/ microrganismo; sem higienização). A atividade contra biofilme foi avaliada pelo método de formação do biofilme, em triplicata. Os espécimes foram contaminados, padronizadamente, e incubados. Posteriormente, foi realizada escovação manual (60 s), lavagem em PBS, imersão em meio de cultura líquido para ressuspensão e semeadura em meio sólido. Os resultados (média das triplicatas) foram expressos em UFC/mL. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). O dentifrício específico (1,27±1,20) foi o mais eficaz contra S. mutans, seguido dos convencionais (Trihydral, 3,13±0,88; Colgate, 2,16±2,02) e experimental (3,81±1,37), que foram semelhantes entre si (p=0,008). Todos eles foram diferentes da água (4,79±1,42). O dentifrício específico (0,21±0,21) e o experimental (0,36±0,25) foram semelhantes contra S. aureus, com maiores médias de UFC quando comparado ao convencional (Colgate, 0,06±0,13), que foi mais eficiente (p=0,000). Para C. albicans, C. glabrata e E.coli, todos os dentifrícios foram similares à água (p=0,186). Conclui-se que o dentifrício experimental foi efetivo somente contra S. aureus e não foi eficiente perante Candida spp.; S. mutans; E. coli, como ocorrido com os dentifrícios comerciais.

Abstract The disadvantage of liners materials is the difficulty of biofilm control. It was compared an experimental dentifrice contained Ricinus communis, with commercials dentifrices as antibiofilm activity against microorganisms on denture liner. Six hundred specimens were distributed in 5 groups (n=18/ microorganism): water; experimental dentifrice; specific dentifrice for denture and two conventional dentifrices against C. albicans; C. glabrata; S. mutans; S. aureus; E. coli. Each group had a negative (n=5; without contamination) and positive control (n=15/ microorganism; without cleaning). The antibiofilm activity was evaluated by the method of biofilm formation in triplicate. The specimens were contaminated in a standard way and incubated. After that, manual brushing was performed (60 s), washed with PBS, immersed in liquid culture medium for resuspension and sowing in solid medium. The results (mean of triplicates) were expressed in CFU/mL. The data was submitted to Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). The specific dentifrice (1.27±1.20) was the most effective against S. mutans, followed by conventional (Trihydral, 3.13±0.88; Colgate, 2.16±2.02) and experimental (3.81±1.37) dentifrices, which were similar to each other (p=0.008). All of them were different from water (4.79±1.42). The specific (0.21±0.21) and experimental (0.36±0.25) dentifrices were similar against S. aureus, with a higher mean of CFU when compared to conventional (Colgate, 0.06±0.13), which was more efficient (p=0.000). For C. albicans, C. glabrata and E. coli, all dentifrices were similar to water (p=0.186). It was concluded, that the experimental dentifrice was effective against S. aureus and had not efficacy against Candida spp.; S. mutans; E. coli, as occurred with the commercials dentifrices.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201902326 1074 downloads

Drying of microalga Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 in a gas dryer at low temperatures
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Aguiar, Andry Caroline de Melo

; Martins, Marcio Arêdes

; Barbosa, Rúben Christian

; Bustos-Vanegas, Jaime Daniel

; Soares, Jimmy

; Leite, Mauricio de Oliveira

; Rocha, Dilson Novais

; Gomes, Arthur Freitas

; Bechara, Gabriela de Castro

Ciência Rural

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2019, Volume 49 N. 7 elocation e20180928

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Development of efficient and specific equipment to dry microalgae is essential for commercial use of these microorganisms that show high growth rates and biotechnological potential. Drying costs of microalgae biomass are still high and they should be reduced for the production of compounds with low added value. Therefore, we evaluated the drying process of the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 using low temperatures. S. obliquus BR003 is a robust microalga that shows high lipid productivity. At laboratory scale, it was observed that the biomass of S. obliquus BR003 was rapidly dried at low temperatures between 50 and 60 ° C. A gas dryer was used to evaluate the drying of the biomass of S. obliquus BR003 on a pilot-scale. The biomass was dried in less than 24 h using the gas dryer; however, the high moisture of the microalga biomass required a higher air renovation in the drying chamber. Computational fluid dynamics analysis of the gas dryer showed two important parameters to achieve greater effectiveness of heat and mass transfer rates during the drying process of the microalga biomass. It was concluded that a gas dryer suitable for the microalgae biomass should have multiple air injection points, and an efficient circulation and renovation system of air inside the drying chamber.

RESUMO: O desenvolvimento de equipamentos eficientes e específicos para a secagem de microalgas é essencial para a exploração comercial destes microrganismos que apresentam alta taxa de crescimento e grande potencial biotecnológico. Os custos de secagem da biomassa de microalgas ainda são elevados e precisam ser reduzidos para a produção de compostos com baixo valor agregado. Portanto, realizou-se o estudo da secagem da microalga Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 utilizando baixas temperaturas. S. obliquus BR003 é uma microalga robusta que apresenta alta produtividade de lipídeos. Em escala laboratorial, observou-se que a biomassa de S. obliquus BR003 foi rapidamente seca em baixas temperaturas entre 50 e 60 ºC. Um secador a gás foi utilizado para avaliar a secagem da biomassa de S. obliquus BR003 em escala piloto. A biomassa foi seca em menos de 24 h utilizando o secador a gás, entretanto, a elevada umidade da biomassa da microalga requereu uma maior renovação de ar na câmara do secador. A análise de fluidodinâmica computacional do secador a gás mostrou dois parâmetros importantes para se obter uma maior efetividade de transferência de calor e massa durante o processo de secagem da biomassa de microalga. Concluiu-se que um secador a gás adequado, para a biomassa de microalgas, deve possuir múltiplos pontos de injeção de ar, e um eficiente sistema de circulação e renovação de ar no interior da câmara de secagem.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180928 622 downloads

Estado nutricional e condições ambientais e de saúde de crianças Pataxó, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Santos, Anabele Pires

; Mazzeti, Camila Medeiros da Silva

; Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho

; Santos, Nicole Louise Gonzaga Oliveira

; Conde, Wolney Lisboa

; Leite, Maurício Soares

; Pimenta, Adriano Marçal

; Villela, Lenice de Castro Mendes

; Castro, Teresa Gontijo de

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2018, Volume 34 N. 6 elocation e00165817

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo: Descrever o estado nutricional e as condições ambientais e de saúde das crianças Pataxó de cinco aldeias de Minas Gerais, Brasil. O estado nutricional foi classificado com base no peso e estatura/comprimento, tendo como referência o padrão de crescimento da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Questionários baseados no I Inquérito Nacional de Saúde e Nutrição dos Povos Indígenas foram utilizados para a avaliação das condições ambientais dos domicílios e de saúde dos menores de cinco anos. Dos 70 menores de dez anos avaliados (93,3%), 34 tinham menos de cinco anos. Não se observaram déficits nutricionais e sobrepeso foi registrado para 11,4% das crianças. A maioria das crianças (74,3%) vivia em domicílios com energia elétrica, 95% em domicílios com latrina/sanitário e 52,9% lançavam dejetos em fossa séptica. A realização de seis ou mais consultas de pré-natal foi reportada por 82,4% das mães dos menores de cinco anos, e 91,2% iniciaram o pré-natal no primeiro trimestre de gestação. Dentre as causas de internações hospitalares nos últimos 12 meses (23,5%), somente uma foi devido à diarreia e nenhuma por causa de infecções respiratórias. Foram verificadas coberturas universais para a maioria das vacinas avaliadas. A inexistência de déficits nutricionais entre as crianças Pataxó pode estar associada às melhores condições de habitação, saneamento e cobertura das ações básicas de saúde infantil quando comparadas às condições verificadas no I Inquérito Nacional de Saúde e Nutrição dos Povos Indígenas e de estudos pontuais. Este trabalho pretende subsidiar discussões e ações que visem a melhorias do estado nutricional infantil dos indígenas no Brasil.

Abstract: To describe the nutritional status and the environmental and health conditions of the Pataxó children from five villages of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Among the under 10 years old, weight and height/length were classified according to the growth references of World Health Organization. Questionnaires evaluating environmental conditions of the households and health conditions of under 5 years old were based in the First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition. Among the 70 children evaluated (93.3%), 34 were under 5 years old. Nutritional deficits were not observed and overweight was registered for 11.4% of the children. Most of the children (74.3%) lived in households with electric energy, 95% in households with toilets and 52.9% in households that threw waste in septic tanks. Six or more antenatal appointments were reported by 82.4% of the mothers of the under five years old and 91.2% started the antenatal appointments within the first trimester of pregnancy. Among the causes of hospitalizations in the previous 12 months (23.5%), only one was due to diarrhea and none to respiratory infection. Universal coverage was observed for the majority of the vaccines. The absence of nutritional deficits among the Pataxó children may be associated to better housing and sanitation conditions and coverage of basic childhood health actions when compared to the conditions reported by the First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition and related studies with other specific indigenous peoples. The current study aims to back discussions and measures to improve the nutritional status of indigenous children in Brazil.

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el estado nutricional, así como las condiciones ambientales y de salud de niños Pataxó, procedentes de cinco aldeas de Minas Gerais, Brasil. El estado nutricional se clasificó en base al peso y estatura/longitud, teniendo como referencia el patrón de crecimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se utilizaron cuestionarios basados en la I Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de los Pueblos Indígenas para la evaluación de las condiciones ambientales de los domicilios y de salud de los menores de cinco años. De los 70 menores de 10 años evaluados (93,3%), 34 tenían menos de cinco años. No se observaron déficits nutricionales y se registro sobrepeso en 11,4% de los niños. La mayoría de los niños (74,3%) vivía en domicilios con energía eléctrica, 95% en domicilios con letrina/retrete y un 52,9% efectuaba deposiciones en fosa séptica. La realización de seis o más consultas de carácter prenatal fueron informadas por parte de un 82,4% de las madres de los menores de cinco años, y un 91,2% comenzaron las consultas prenatales durante el primer trimestre de gestación. Entre las causas de internamientos hospitalarios en los últimos 12 meses (23,5%), solamente una se debió a diarrea y ninguna a causa de infecciones respiratorias. Se verificaron coberturas universales para la mayoría de las vacunas evaluadas. La inexistencia de déficits nutricionales entre los niños Pataxó puede estar asociada a las mejores condiciones de vivienda, saneamiento y cobertura de las acciones básicas respecto a salud infantil, cuando se comparan con las condiciones verificadas en la I Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de los Pueblos Indígenas y de otros estudios puntuales. Este trabajo pretende servir de apoyo para futuras discusiones y acciones que tengan por objetivo las mejoras en el estado nutricional infantil de los indígenas en Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00165817 148 downloads

10.

Estado nutricional e condições ambientais e de saúde de crianças Pataxó, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Santos, Anabele Pires

; Mazzeti, Camila Medeiros da Silva

; Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho

; Santos, Nicole Louise Gonzaga Oliveira

; Conde, Wolney Lisboa

; Leite, Maurício Soares

; Pimenta, Adriano Marçal

; Villela, Lenice de Castro Mendes

; Castro, Teresa Gontijo de

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2018, Volume 34 N. 6 elocation e00165817

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00165817 3096 downloads

11.

Clinical trial for evaluation of Ricinus communis and sodium hypochlorite as denture cleanser
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BADARÓ, Maurício Malheiros

; SALLES, Marcela Moreira

; LEITE, Vanessa Maria Fagundes

; ARRUDA, Carolina Noronha Ferraz de

; OLIVEIRA, Viviane de Cássia

; NASCIMENTO, Cássio do

; SOUZA, Raphael Freitas de

; PARANHOS, Helena de Freitas de Oliveira

; SILVA-LOVATO, Cláudia Helena

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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jun 2017, Volume 25 N. 3 Pages 324 - 334

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The development of opportunistic infections due to poor denture hygiene conditions justified the search for effective hygiene protocols for controlling denture biofilm. Objective This study evaluated Ricinus communis and sodium hypochlorite solutions in terms of biofilm removal ability, remission of candidiasis, antimicrobial activity, and participant satisfaction. Material and Methods It was conducted a controlled clinical trial, randomized, double-blind, and crossover. Sixty-four denture wearers with (n=24) and without candidiasis (n=40) were instructed to brush (3 times/day) and immerse their dentures (20 min/day) in different storage solutions (S1 / S2: 0.25% / 0.5% sodium hypochlorite; S3: 10% R. communis; S4: Saline).The trial period for each solution was seven days and a washout period of seven days was used before starting the use of another solution. The variables were analyzed at baseline and after each trial period. The biofilm of inner surfaces of maxillary dentures was disclosed, photographed, and total and dyed areas were measured (Image Tool software). The percentage of biofilm was calculated. Remission of candidiasis was assessed by visual scale and score were attributed. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by the DNA-Checkerboard hybridization method. Patient satisfaction was measured using a questionnaire. Results S1 (4.41±7.98%) and S2 (2.93±5.23%) were more effective then S3 (6.95±10.93%) in biofilm remotion(P<0.0001). All solutions were different from the control (11.07±11.99%). S3 was the most effective solution in remission of candidiasis (50%), followed by S1 (46%). Concerning antimicrobial action, S1/S2 were similar and resulted in the lowest microorganism mean count (P=0.04), followed by S3. No significant differences were found with patient’s satisfaction. Conclusions 10% R. communis and 0.25% sodium hypochlorite were effective in biofilm removal, causing remission of candidiasis and reducing the formation of microbial colonies in denture surfaces. All solutions were approved by patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2016-0222 1497 downloads

12.

Mapping goliath grouper aggregations in the southwestern Atlantic
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Giglio, Vinicius Jose

; Leite, Jonas Rodrigues

; Freitas, Matheus Oliveira

; Hostim-Silva, Mauricio

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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dec 2016, Volume 64 N. 4 Pages 423 - 426

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592016122906404 1633 downloads

13.

Executive Summary of the II Brazilian Guidelines for Atrial Fibrillation
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Magalhães, Luiz Pereira de

; Figueiredo, Marcio Jansen de Oliveira

; Cintra, Fatima Dumas

; Saad, Eduardo Benchimol

; Kuniyoshi, Ricardo Ryoshim

; Menezes Lorga Filho, Adalberto

; D'Avila, Andre Luiz Buchele

; Paola, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de

; Kalil, Carlos Antonio Abunader

; Moreira, Dalmo Antonio Ribeiro

; Sobral Filho, Dario Celestino

; Sternick, Eduardo Back

; Darrieux, Francisco Carlos da Costa

; Fenelon, Guilherme

; Lima, Gustavo Glotz de

; Atié, Jacob

; Mateos, José Carlos Pachón

; Moreira, José Marcos

; Vasconcelos, José Tarcísio Medeiros de

; Zimerman, Leandro Ioschpe

; Silva, Luiz Roberto Leite da

; Silva, Marcio Augusto

; Scanavacca, Mauricio Ibrahim

; Souza, Olga Ferreira de

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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dec 2016, Volume 107 N. 6 Pages 501 - 508

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20160190 2024 downloads

14.

Antimicrobial activity of complete denture cleanser solutions based on sodium hypochlorite and Ricinus communis – a randomized clinical study
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SALLES, Marcela Moreira

; BADARÓ, Maurício Malheiros

; ARRUDA, Carolina Noronha Ferraz de

; LEITE, Vanessa Maria Fagundes

; SILVA, Cláudia Helena Lovato da

; WATANABE, Evandro

; OLIVEIRA, Viviane de Cássia

; PARANHOS, Helena de Freitas Oliveira

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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dec 2015, Volume 23 N. 6 Pages 637 - 642

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT To preserve oral health and to maintain the prosthetic devices, it is important not only to improve the properties of commonly known hygiene products, but also to investigate new materials with antimicrobial action. Objectives This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite (0.25% and 0.50%) and 10% Ricinus communis’ solutions against specific microorganisms. Material and Methods Sixty four maxillary complete denture wearers were instructed to brush their dentures three times a day and to soak them (20 min/day) in the solutions: SH1: 0.25% sodium hypochlorite; SH2: 0.5% sodium hypochlorite; RC: 10% R. communis oil; and C: 0.85% saline (control). The solutions were used for 7 days in a randomized sequence. Following each period of use, there was a 1-week washout period. Antimicrobial activity was determined by Colony Forming Units (CFU) counts of Streptococcus mutans, Candida spp., and gram-negative microorganisms. For collecting biofilm, the internal surface of maxillary dentures was brushed with saline solution, and biofilm suspension obtained. After dilutions (100 - 10-3), aliquots were seeded in Mitis salivarius, CHROMagar Candida®, and MacConkey agar for detecting S. mutans, Candida spp., or gram-negative microorganisms, respectively. After incubation, colonies were counted, and CFU/mL values were calculated. Then, transformation - log10 (CFU+1) - data were analyzed using the Friedman test (α=0.05). Results showed significant differences between the solutions (p<0.001). Results All three solutions showed antimicrobial activity against S. mutans. Against Candida spp., RC and SH1 solutions showed similar effect while SH2 showed superior activity. SH1 and SH2 solutions showed antimicrobial action against gram-negative microorganisms. The Candida species most frequently isolated was C. albicans, followed by C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. Conclusions The 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution was the most effective and might be used to control denture biofilm. C. albicans was the most frequently isolated Candida sp.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-775720150204 2913 downloads

15.

Soft denture liners and sodium perborate: sorption, solubility and color change
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Pisani, Marina Xavier

; Leite, Vanessa Maria Fagundes

; Badaró, Maurício Malheiros

; Malheiros-Segundo, Antônio de Luna

; Paranhos, Helena de Freitas de Oliveira

; Silva, Cláudia Helena Lovato da

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences

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sep 2015, Volume 14 N. 3 Pages 219 - 223

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the sorption, solubility and color change in two lining materials after 120 days of immersion in either sodium perborate or artificial saliva. Methods: Thirty disk-shaped specimens (15×3 mm) of each material, Mucopren(r) soft (MS) and Elite(r) soft (ES) were manufactured and divided into two groups. The specimens in the control group (CG, n=15) were stored in artificial saliva at 37 °C. The specimens in the experimental group (EG, n=15) were stored in artificial saliva at 37 °C and immersed in sodium perborate daily for 5 min. The analysis of sorption and solubility was based on the initial dry weight and on the wet and dry weights after immersion. The color was assessed with a portable spectrophotometer and the NBS system. ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05) were used to analyze color and sorption. The solubility was analyzed by KruskalWallis test (p<0.05). Results: Sorption was higher in the EG group (0.31±0.08) than in the control group (0.26±0.05), and higher in Elite(r) soft relining (0.34±0.07) than in Mucopren(r) soft (0.23±0.06). There was no interaction between the factors. Elite(r) Soft presented a higher solubility when immersed in artificial saliva (CG: 0.16±0.07 and EG: 0.13±0.06; p=0.00). Mucopren(r) soft showed no solubility in either treatment. Regarding the color changes, there was a significant difference between the groups (CG: 9.2±1.2 and EG: 9.9±1.2; p=0.025) but not between the materials (Mucopren(r) soft: 9.4±1.3 and Elite(r)soft: 9.7±1.0; p=0.34). Using the NBS system, we verified that both materials presented a high color change. Conclusions: The daily use of sodium perborate promoted changes in the liners' sorption and color. Elite(r) soft relining was more prone to changes than Mucopren(r) soft.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-3225v14n3a09 1771 downloads

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