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Epidemiology and severity of traumatic dental injuries in permanent teeth: A 20-year retrospective study
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Vieira, Walbert A.

; Pereira, Andrea C.

; Lazzari, Jaqueline

; Pecorari, Vanessa G.A.

; Gomes, Brenda P.F.A.

; Almeida, José Flávio A. de

; Ferraz, Caio C. R.

; Santos, Eduardo C. A.

; Vargas-Neto, Júlio

; de-Jesus-Soares, Adriana

Brazilian Dental Journal

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jun 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 1 - 8

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study aimed to assess the traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in permanent dentition among patients who attended at the outpatient clinic of a Brazilian dental school, during the last 20 years, and to investigate factors associated with the severity of these injuries. Clinical records of patients who attended a specialized center for dental trauma care in Brazil presenting at least one TDI in a permanent tooth, between the years 2000 and 2019, were reviewed. The data recorded were sex, age, affected arch, etiology, number, and type of the teeth affected, and classification and severity of the TDIs. The diagnosis and classification of the TDIs were based on the guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). The severity of each patient's injuries was defined as mild, moderate, or severe. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and multinomial regression analyses were used to evaluate the results. The significance level was set at 5%. A total of 837 clinical records were included, totaling 2357 teeth. Males were more prevalent than females. The patients' age ranged from 5 to 71 years. The most common traumas were avulsion (n=512) and uncomplicated enamel-dentin fracture (n=488). Univariate analyses showed that there was a statistically significant association between age group (p=0.004), etiology (p=0.000) and number of teeth affected (p=0.000) with severity of dental trauma. In conclusion, TDIs that occurred in Piracicaba and region are epidemiologically similar to those found worldwide, and that more severe injuries are related to age range, etiology and number of teeth affected.

Resumo Esse estudo objetivou avaliar as injúrias dentárias traumáticas (IDTs) na dentição permanente entre os pacientes que compareceram ao ambulatório de uma faculdade de odontologia brasileira, durante os últimos 20 anos, e investigar fatores associados à severidade dessas lesões. Os registros clínicos dos pacientes que compareceram a um centro especializado de atendimento em traumatismo dentário no Brasil apresentando pelo menos uma IDT em dente permanente, entre os anos de 2000 e 2019, foram revisados. Os dados registrados foram sexo, idade, arco dental afetado, etiologia, número e tipo dos dentes afetados, e classificação e severidade das IDTs. O diagnóstico e a classificação das IDTs foram baseados nas diretrizes da Associação Internacional de Traumatologia Dentária (AITD). A gravidade das lesões de cada paciente foi definida como leve, moderada ou severa. Estatísticas descritivas, teste qui-quadrado e análises de regressão multinomial foram usadas para avaliar os resultados. O nível de significância foi fixado em 5%. Um total de 837 registros clínicos foi incluído, totalizando 2357 dentes. O sexo masculino foi mais prevalente que o feminino. A idade dos pacientes variou de 5 a 71 anos. Os traumas mais comuns foram avulsão (n=512) e fratura não-complicada do esmalte-dentina (n=488). As análises univariadas mostraram que houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre a faixa etária (p=0,004), etiologia (p=0,000) e número de dentes afetados (p=0,000) com a gravidade do traumatismo dentário. Em conclusão, as IDTs que ocorreram em Piracicaba e região são epidemiologicamente semelhantes aos encontrados em todo o mundo, e que lesões mais graves estão relacionadas à faixa etária, etiologia e número de dentes afetados.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305257

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

The influence of aerobic fitness status on ventilatory efficiency in patients with coronary artery disease
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Prado, Danilo M.L.

; Rocco, Enéas A.

; Silva, Alexandre G.

; Silva, Priscila F.

; Lazzari, Jaqueline M.

; Assumpção, Gabriela L.

; Thies, Sheyla B.

; Suzaki, Claudia Y.

; Puig, Raphael S.

; Furlan, Valter

Clinics

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jan 2015, Volume 70 N. 1 Pages 46 - 51

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypotheses that 1) coronary artery disease patients with lower aerobic fitness exhibit a lower ventilatory efficiency and 2) coronary artery disease patients with lower initial aerobic fitness exhibit greater improvements in ventilatory efficiency with aerobic exercise training. METHOD: A total of 123 patients (61.0±0.7 years) with coronary artery disease were divided according to aerobic fitness status into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 34, peak VO2<17.5 ml/kg/min), group 2 (n = 67, peak VO2>17.5 and <24.5 ml/kg/min) and group 3 (n = 22, peak VO2>24.5 ml/kg/min). All patients performed a cardiorespiratory exercise test on a treadmill. Ventilatory efficiency was determined by the lowest VE/VCO2 ratio observed. The exercise training program comprised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise performed 3 times per week for 3 months. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02106533 RESULTS: Before intervention, group 1 exhibited both lower peak VO2 and lower ventilatory efficiency compared with the other 2 groups (p<0.05). After the exercise training program, group 1 exhibited greater improvements in aerobic fitness and ventilatory efficiency compared with the 2 other groups (group 1: ▵ = -2.5±0.5 units; group 2: ▵ = -0.8±0.3 units; and group 3: ▵ = -1.4±0.6 units, respectively; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Coronary artery disease patients with lower aerobic fitness status exhibited lower ventilatory efficiency during a graded exercise test. In addition, after 3 months of aerobic exercise training, only the patients with initially lower levels of aerobic fitness exhibited greater improvements in ventilatory efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2015(01)09 1491 downloads

Genetic structure of populations of Pissodes castaneus (De Geer) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) using amplified fragment length polymorphism
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Zaleski, Scheila R. M.

; Lazzari, Sonia M. N.

; Lazzarotto, Crisleide M.

; Panzavolta, Tiziana

; Iede, Edson T.

; Marques, Francisco de A.

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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dec 2013, Volume 57 N. 4 Pages 405 - 410

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Genetic structure of populations of Pissodes castaneus (De Geer) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) using amplified fragment length polymorphism. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic structure of populations of Pissodes castaneus from different areas and on different species of Pinus using the PCR-AFLP technique. Twenty samples were analyzed, representing 19 populations from Brazil and one from Florence, Italy, which is the region of origin of P. castaneus. The four combinations of primers generated a total of 367 fragments of DNA, and 100% of polymorphic loci, indicating high degree of molecular polymorphism. The dendrogram did not reveal trends for grouping the populations in relation to origin. The low genetic similarity (0.11 between the most distant groups) and genetic distances of 0.13 and 0.44 for 10 out of the 20 samples may indicate several founding events or multiple introductions of heterogeneous strains into Brazil. The allelic fixation index (Fst) was 0.3851, considered high, and the number of migrants (Nm) was 0.3991, indicating low gene flow among populations. The highest genetic distances were between the population from Irani, SC and Cambará do Sul, RS and Bituruna, PR, indicating an independent founding event or a particular allelic fixation in the former location. The high genetic diversity among populations points out that the populations are genetically heterogeneous with a diverse gene pool in the surveyed areas, what makes them to respond differently to control measures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262013005000036 1482 downloads

Automation of the evaluation of bonded and unbonded prestressed concrete beams, according to brazilian and french code specifications
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Lazzari, P. M.

; Campos Filho, A.

; Gastal, F. P. S. L.

; Barbieri, R. A.

; Schwingel, R. C.

Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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feb 2013, Volume 6 N. 1 Pages 13 - 54

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta para a automatização dos procedimentos de projeto de peças fletidas de concreto com protensão aderente e não aderente, conforme recomendações das normas brasileira (NBR 6118:2007) e francesa (Règles BPEL 91). É crescente a utilização da protensão em estruturas de concreto, devido principalmente às suas vantagens construtivas, à redução na incidência de fissuras e à diminuição das dimensões das peças com o emprego mais eficiente dos materiais de maior resistência. A análise estrutural é feita através de um modelo numérico que utiliza elementos finitos do tipo híbrido para pórticos planos, considerando a não-linearidade geométrica, carregamentos cíclicos e construção composta. Nas rotinas computacionais implementadas são consideradas as situações de protensão completa, limitada e parcial e verificados conforme cada caso, os estados limites de descompressão, de formação e de abertura das fissuras, além dos estados limites últimos finais e no ato da protensão. Por fim, são apresentados dois exemplos que comparam situações de projeto, segundo as normas brasileira e francesa.

This paper presents a suggestion for the automation of the design procedures of bonded and unbonded prestressed concrete flexural members, according to the Brazilian (NBR 6118:2007) and French (Règles BPEL 91) norm specifications. Prestressing of concrete structures has been increasingly used, mainly due to its building advantages, as well as allowing reducing crack incidence and element dimensions by the use of more resistant materials. Structure is analyzed by a numerical model that employs a hybrid type finite element for planar frames, considering geometric nonlinearity, cyclic loading and composite construction. The computational algorithm implemented considers full, partial and limited prestressing situations, evaluating in each case decompression limit state, limit state of cracking, ultimate limit state and final prestressing state. Finally, two examples comparing design situations according to the Brazilian and French norms are presented.

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Caracterização fenotípica, produção de biofilme e resistência aos antimicrobianos em isolados de Staphylococcus spp. obtidos de casos de mastite em bovinos e bubalinos
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Guimarães, Gabriela

; França, Chirles A. de

; Krug, Fernanda dos S.

; Peixoto, Rodolfo de M.

; Krewer, Carina da C.

; Lazzari, Andrea M.

; Costa, Mateus M. da

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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dec 2012, Volume 32 N. 12 Pages 1219 - 1224

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No presente estudo, objetivou-se avaliar a sussuscetibilidade aos principais antimicrobianos e realizar uma caracterização fenotípica e genotípica de isolados de Staphylococcus spp. obtidos de casos de mastite em vacas (n=30) e búfalas (n=30). A suscetibilidade foi avaliada pela técnica de disco-difusão e a presença de bomba de efluxo foi avaliada utilizando-se Ágar Mueller Hinton (MH) adicionado de brometo de etídeo e pesquisa do gene msrA. Pela técnica da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) ainda foram identificados os genes mecA, blaZ e ermA, B e C, que posteriormente foram associados com os métodos fenotípicos para a identificação de resistência a antimicrobianos. A caracterização da formação de biofilme foi realizada utilizandose os métodos Ágar Vermelho Congo (CRA), Aderência em Placa e a identificação do gene icaD. Pelo método de discodifusão, os Staphylococcus spp. apresentaram alta sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos. O índice de resistência múltipla aos antimicrobianos (IRMA) apresentou variação de 0 a 0,5. Na pesquisa de bomba de efluxo, 26,7% das amostras foram positivas ao método fenotípico e 6,7% ao método genotípico (gene msrA). Os genes erm, mecA e blaZ foram detectados, respectivamente, em 1,7%, 6,7% e 11,7% das amostras de Staphylococcus spp. Na produção de biofilme, 23,3% dos isolados foram considerados positivos no CRA, 50,0% na Aderência em Placas e 8,3% na PCR pela detecção do gene icaD. Observou-se que os isolados obtidos de amostras bovinas apresentaram uma menor sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos no teste de disco-difusão quando comparados com as amostras bubalinas. A caracterização destes isolados é importante para orientar uma antibioticoterapia bem planejada. A presença de biofilme nos isolados pode estar associada a outros fatores que não a resistência às drogas antimicrobianas.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and to perform the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the Staphylococcus spp. isolates from mastitis cases in cattle (n=30) and buffaloes (n=30). The susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was performed by disk diffusion test and the presence of efflux pump was evaluated in Mueller Hinton (MH) Agar supplemented with ethidium bromide as well as by detection of msrA gene. Similarly, the PCR technique was done to detect mecA, blaZ and ermA, B e C genes, that were related after with the presence of antimicrobial resistance in disk diffusion test. The formation of biofilm was characterized using Congo Red Agar (CRA), microplate adherence and detection of icaD gene. Staphylococcus spp. isolates shown high antimicrobial susceptibility in disk diffusion test. The multidrug resistance (MDR) rate ranged from 0 and 0,5. In the efflux pump test, 26.7% of Staphylococcus spp. strains were positive in phenotypic method and 6.7% in PCR for msrA gene. The erm, mecA and blaZ genes were detected in 1.7%, 6.7% and 11.7% of Staphylococcus spp. strains respectively. In biofilm production tests, 23.3% of the samples were positive in CRA, 50% in microplate adherence test and 8.3% in icaD gene PCR. The cattle isolates were less sensitive to antimicrobial drugs when compared to the buffaloes ones. The characterization of these isolates is very important to guide a successful antimicrobial therapy. The biofilm presence in the isolates may be associated with other factors besides antimicrobial resistance.

4926 downloads

Differentiation of five pine species cultivated in Brazil based on chemometric analysis of their volatiles identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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Marques, Francisco A.

; Frensch, Gustavo

; Zaleski, Scheila R. M.

; Nagata, Noemi

; Maia, Beatriz H. L. N. Sales

; Lazzari, Sonia M. N.

; Lenz, Cesar A.

; Corrêa, Arlene G.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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sep 2012, Volume 23 N. 9 Pages 1756 - 1761

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A composição dos voláteis emitidos por diferentes árvores é usada com sucesso como marcador em uma grande variedade de estudos, como a quimiotaxonomia. A caracterização dos voláteis emitidos por diferentes espécies de Pinus provou ser uma ferramenta importante para entender o processo de seleção de plantas hospedeiras por insetos herbívoros. Os voláteis dos galhos de cinco espécies de Pinus (P. caribaea, P. elliottii, P. maximinoi, P. patula e P. taeda) foram coletados por aeração e analisados por cromatografia gasosa com detector de ionização de chama (GC-FID), utilizando colunas de fase não-polar e quiral, e espectrometria de massas (GC-MS) com analisador de quadrupolo. A composição relativa foi usada para análises de componentes principais (PCA) e de agrupamento hierárquico (HCA) para a discriminação das cinco espécies.

The composition of the volatiles emitted by different trees has been successfully used as a marker in a wide variety of studies, such as chemotaxonomy. Characterization of the volatiles emitted by different species of Pinus has proven to be an important tool to understand the process of host-tree selection by herbivorous insects. The volatiles present in samples of the branches of five species of Pinus (P. caribaea, P. elliottii, P. maximinoi, P. patula and P. taeda) were collected by aeration, and the contents analyzed by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector (GC-FID), applying non-polar and chiral column phases, and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using a quadrupole mass analyzer. The relative composition of the different volatiles was used to perform a discriminant analysis among the five pine species, by means of cluster (HCA) and principal component (PCA) analyses.

3164 downloads

Effect of continuous and interval exercise training on the PETCO2 response during a graded exercise test in patients with coronary artery disease
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Rocco, Enéas A.

; Prado, Danilo M. L.

; Silva, Alexandre G.

; Lazzari, Jaqueline M. A.

; Bortz, Pedro C.

; Rocco, Débora F. M.

; Rosa, Carla G.

; Furlan, Valter

Clinics

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2012, Volume 67 N. 6 Pages 623 - 628

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the following: 1) the effects of continuous exercise training and interval exercise training on the end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO2) response during a graded exercise test in patients with coronary artery disease; and 2) the effects of exercise training modalities on the association between PETCO2 at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) and indicators of ventilatory efficiency and cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients (59.7 + 1.7 years) with coronary artery disease were randomly divided into two groups: continuous exercise training (n = 20) and interval exercise training (n = 17). All patients performed a graded exercise test with respiratory gas analysis before and after three months of the exercise training program to determine the VAT, respiratory compensation point (RCP) and peak oxygen consumption. RESULTS: After the interventions, both groups exhibited increased cardiorespiratory fitness. Indeed, the continuous exercise and interval exercise training groups demonstrated increases in both ventilatory efficiency and PETCO2 values at VAT, RCP, and peak of exercise. Significant associations were observed in both groups: 1) continuous exercise training (PETCO2VAT and cardiorespiratory fitness r = 0.49; PETCO2VAT and ventilatory efficiency r = -0.80) and 2) interval exercise training (PETCO2VAT and cardiorespiratory fitness r = 0.39; PETCO2VAT and ventilatory efficiency r = -0.45). CONCLUSIONS: Both exercise training modalities showed similar increases in PETCO2 levels during a graded exercise test in patients with coronary artery disease, which may be associated with an improvement in ventilatory efficiency and cardiorespiratory fitness.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2012(06)13 2592 downloads

Identification of (1R, 2S)-grandisal and (1R, 2S)-grandisol in Pissodes castaneus male-produced volatiles: evidence of a sex pheromone
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Marques, Francisco A.

; Zaleski, Scheila R. M.

; Lazzari, Sonia M. N.

; Frensch, Gustavo

; Senhorini, Grece A.

; Maia, Beatriz H. L. N. S.

; Tröger, Armin

; Francke, Wittko

; Iede, Edson T.

; Mori, Kenji

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2011, Volume 22 N. 6 Pages 1050 - 1055

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O gorgulho-da-casca-do-pinus, Pissodes castaneus (De Geer, 1775) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) é uma praga florestal que foi detectada no Brasil em 2001 e atualmente se encontra distribuída nos três estados da Região Sul, causando grande preocupação para o setor florestal. Os objetivos deste estudo foram isolar, identificar e avaliar a atividade comportamental dos voláteis produzidos pelos machos de P. castaneus. Nossos resultados indicam que a comunicação entre indivíduos desta espécie é mediada por feromônios, o que foi evidenciado pela atração significativa de fêmeas pelos voláteis produzidos pelos machos. Testes comportamentais realizados com os insetos e sua planta hospedeira, Pinus taeda, indicam que os compostos produzidos pelos machos atuam como feromônios sexuais e que os compostos liberados pela planta hospedeira não aumentam a atividade destes compostos. Os compostos produzidos pelos machos de P. castaneus foram identificados como (1R, 2S)-grandisal e (1R, 2S)-grandisol, em excesso enantiomérico superior a 95%.

The banded pine weevil, Pissodes castaneus (De Geer, 1775) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) is a forest pest recorded in Brazil since 2001, which is already distributed in the three states of the Southern Region, causing great concern to the forestry sector. Objectives of our study were to isolate, identify, and assess the behavioral activity of male-produced volatiles of P. castaneus. Our results indicate that communication between conspecifics of P. castaneus is mediated by pheromones, as verified by the significant attraction of females to male-produced volatiles. Behavioral tests performed with the insects and the host plant, Pinus taeda, showed that male-produced compounds may act as sex pheromones and that the compounds released by the host plant did not enhance the activity of the male-produced volatiles. The chemical structures of the male specific volatile compounds produced by P. castaneus were determined to be (1R, 2S)-grandisal and (1R, 2S)-grandisol in an enantiomeric excess exceeding 95%.

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10.

Identificação diferencial de Rhodococcus equi e Dietzia maris em bubalinos
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Viana, L.R.

; Krewer, C.C.

; Drescher, G.

; Lazzari, A.

; Botton, S.A.

; Costa, M.M.

; Loreto, E.L.S.

; Vargas, A.C.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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aug 2009, Volume 61 N. 4 Pages 869 - 876

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foram analisados 24 isolados bacterianos oriundos de leite e pele de búfalas (Bubalus bubalis), os quais foram previamente identificados como Rhodococcus equi com o auxílio de fenotipia concisa. Testes fenotípicos complementares e ferramentas moleculares foram utilizados com o objetivo de caracterizar esses isolados, bem como diferenciá-los de outros microrganismos intimamente relacionados. Observaram-se três fenótipos distintos, porém a identificação dos isolados foi inconclusiva. Apenas um dos isolados foi comprovado como sendo R. equi com a realização da PCR espécie-específica, sequenciamento e análise dos fragmentos de DNA. Os demais isolados só foram identificados pelo sequenciamento de fragmento do gene que codifica a região 16S do rRNA universal de bactérias, indicando tratar-se de Dietzia maris. O perfil de susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos revelou maior resistência dos isolados de D. maris para oxacilina (96%) e rifampicina (87%). O isolado de R. equi apresentou resistência à amicacina, oxacilina, penicilina, rifampicina e tetraciclina. Alerta-se para o risco da incorreta identificação dos isolados baseados em testes fenotípicos concisos e para a necessidade de utilização de testes complementares para diferenciação entre R. equi e D. maris.

Twenty-four bacterial isolates from milk and skin of buffalo females (Bubalus bubalis), which previously had been identified as Rhodococcus equi by using a restricted number of phenotypical tests for bacterial characterization, were analyzed. The goal of this study was to perform the characterization of these isolates, as well as the differentiation of other microorganisms closely related by using additional phenotypical tests and molecular tools. Based on the phenotypical results, three different biotypes were obtained. However, the identification of the isolates was inconclusive. Only one of the isolates was confirmed as R. equi by the PCR specifically for this species, as well DNA sequencing and DNA fragment analysis. All the other isolates only could be precisely identified after the DNA sequencing, and they were characterized as Dietzia maris. The sensitivity profile to antimicrobials demonstrated the highest resistance of D. maris to oxacillin and rifampin, 96% and 87%, respectively. R. equi isolate, presented resistance to amikacin, oxacillin, penicillin, rifampin, and tetracycline. Thus, it is important to alert for the risk of the incorrect identification of the bacterial isolates by using diagnostic analysis based on phenotypical tests in order to differentiate R. equi and D. maris, besides the necessity to use complementary tests for differentiation of these microorganisms.

2985 downloads

11.

Efecto del inhibidor lúpico o anti-factor VIII sobre la actividad del factor VIII-sustrato cromogénico
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Blanco, Alicia Noemí

; Peirano, Andrea

; Silvia, Grosso

; Lazzari, María Angela

Acta bioquímica clínica latinoamericana

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sep 2007, Volume 41 N. 3 Pages 399 - 405

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

To analyse the effect of purified immunoglobulins (IgG) with anti-factor VIII or lupus anticoagulant activity on factor VIII measured by chromogenic substrate (factor VIIICS), in order to validate the chromogenic substrate method for detection of anti-factor VIII activity in the presence of lupus anticoagulant. IgG fractions were purified (affinity chromatography) from normal plasmas (IgG-N) and plasmas with anti-factor VIII (IgG-aFVIII) or lupus anticoagulant (IgG-LA). A normal plasma pool was prepared as source of factor VIII in the inhibition tests. Mixtures of this pool with IgG-N, IgG-aFVIII, IgG-LA or IgG-aFVIII+IgG-LA were tested immediately or after 2 h at 37 °C by factor VIIICS method; inhibition index (Ii) and post-incubation index (Ip) were calculated. The inhibitory and progressive inhibitory effects produced by IgG-aFVIII+IgG-LA (Ii:30%±0.7; Ip:55%±2.7) were similar to those observed with IgG-aFVIII (Ii:30%±0.6; Ip:55%±2.7). The IgG-LA did not inhibit the factor VIIIcs activity. As was observed in plasma samples, IgG-aFVIII and the mixture of IgG-aFVIII+IgG-LA inhibited factor VIIICS, whereas IgG-LA did not. These results confirm the specificity of the amidolytic method in detecting anti-factor VIII inhibitors independently of the presence of lupus anticoagulant, thus solving the diagnostic problem in haemophilia A.

El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar el efecto de inmunoglobulinas (IgG) purificadas con actividad anti-factor VIII neutralizante o inhibidor lúpico, sobre el factor VIII medido por sustrato cromogénico (factor VIII SC), con el propósito de validar el método para detectar anti-factor VIII en presencia de inhibidor lúpico. Se aisló la fracción IgG (cromatografía de afinidad) a partir de plasmas normales (IgG-N), con anti-factor VIII (IgG-aFVIII) o con inhibidor lúpico (IgG-IL), preparándose un pool normal como aporte de factor VIII en los ensayos de inhibición. Se analizaron las mezclas del pool normal con IgG-N, IgG-aFVIII, IgG-IL o la combinación de IgG-aFVIII+IgG-IL, inmediatamente y luego de 2 h a 37 ºC, determinándose la actividad del factor VIII SC y el índice de inhibición inmediato (Ii) o post-incubación (Ip). La inhibición y la potenciación producida por IgG-aFVIII+IgG-IL (Ii:30%±0,7; Ip:55%±2,7), fueron similares a las observadas con IgG-aFVIII sola (Ii:30%±0,6; Ip:55%±2,7). La IgG-IL no afectó la actividad de factor VIII SC. Semejante a lo observado en plasma, la IgG-IL no interfirió en la inhibición del factor VIII SC mediada por IgG-aFVIII. Se confirmó así la especificidad del método amidolítico, que permite detectar inhibidores anti-factor VIII independientemente de la coexistencia con el inhibidor lúpico, solucionando el problema diagnóstico planteado en hemofilia A.

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12.

The antimicrobial resistance containment and surveillance approach - a public health tool
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Simonsen, Gunnar S.

; Tapsall, John W.

; Allegranzi, Benedetta

; Talbot, Elizabeth A.

; Lazzari, Stefano

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

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dec 2004, Volume 82 N. 12 Pages 928 - 934

Abstract: En Es Fr | Text: En Es Fr | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Fr

Antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) is widely recognized as a global public health threat because it endangers the effectiveness of treatment of infectious diseases. In 2001 WHO issued the Global Strategy for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance, but it has proved difficult to translate the recommendations of the Global Strategy into effective public health actions. The purpose of the Antimicrobial Resistance Containment and Surveillance (ARCS) approach is to facilitate the formulation of public health programmes and the mobilization of human and financial resources for the containment of AMR. The ARCS approach highlights the fundamental link between rational drug use and containment of AMR. Clinical management of human and animal infections should be improved through better disease control and prevention, high quality diagnostic testing, appropriate treatment regimens and consumer health education. At the same time, systems for supplying antimicrobial drugs should include appropriate regulations, lists of essential drugs, and functional mechanisms for the approval and delivery of drugs. Containment of AMR is defined in the ARCS approach as the continuous application of this package of core interventions. Surveillance of the extent and trends of antimicrobial resistance as well as the supply, selection and use of antimicrobial drugs should be established to monitor the process and outcome of containment of AMR. The ARCS approach is represented in the ARCS diagram (<A HREF="/img/revistas/bwho/v82n12/fig_2_9100.gif">Fig. 2</A>) which provides a simplified, but comprehensive illustration of the complex problem of containment and monitoring of AMR.

Está ampliamente admitido que la resistencia a los antimicrobianos (RAM) constituye una amenaza para la salud pública mundial, dado que pone en peligro la eficacia del tratamiento de las enfermedades infecciosas. En 2001 la OMS lanzó la Estrategia Mundial para la Contención de la Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos, pero se ha podido constatar que es muy difícil traducir las recomendaciones de esa estrategia mundial en iniciativas de salud pública eficaces. La finalidad del enfoque de Contención y Vigilancia de la Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos (ARCS) es facilitar la formulación de programas de salud pública y la movilización de recursos humanos y financieros para contener la RAM. El enfoque ARCS resalta la gran relación existente entre el uso racional de los medicamentos y la contención de la RAM. El manejo clínico de las infecciones humanas y animales debe mejorarse mediante un mayor control y prevención de las enfermedades, unas pruebas diagnósticas de alta calidad, unos regímenes terapéuticos apropiados y la educación sanitaria de los consumidores. Al mismo tiempo, los sistemas para el suministro de antimicrobianos deben incluir reglamentos apropiados, listas de medicamentos esenciales y mecanismos funcionales para la aprobación y administración de los medicamentos. La contención de la RAM se define en el marco del enfoque ARCS como la aplicación continua de ese paquete de intervenciones básicas. A fin de vigilar el proceso y los resultados de la contención de la RAM, es necesario establecer sistemas de vigilancia de la magnitud y las tendencias de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos, así como del suministro, selección y uso de esos medicamentos. El enfoque ARCS se ha representado mediante el diagrama de la <A HREF="/img/revistas/bwho/v82n12/fig_2_9100.gif">figura 2</A>, que ilustra de forma simplificada pero completa el problema complejo que supone la contención y el monitoreo de la RAM.

La résistance aux antimicrobiens est largement reconnue en tant que menace pour la santé publique dans le monde entier car elle met en péril l'efficacité du traitement des maladies infectieuses. En 2001, l'OMS a publié une stratégie mondiale pour la maîtrise de la résistance aux antimicrobiens, mais il s'est révélé difficile de traduire les recommandations de cette stratégie en actions de santé publique concrètes. L'approche ARCS (Antimicrobial Resistance Containment and Surveillance) de maîtrise et de surveillance de la résistance aux antimicrobiens a pour but de faciliter la formulation de programmes de santé publique et de mobiliser les ressources humaines et financières nécessaires pour endiguer la résistance aux antimicrobiens. L'approche ARCS souligne le lien fondamental entre l'usage rationnel des médicaments et la maîtrise de la résistance aux antimicrobiens. La prise en charge clinique des infections humaines et animales doit être améliorée grâce à de meilleurs moyens de prévention et de lutte contre les maladies, des tests diagnostiques de bonne qualité, des schémas thérapeutiques appropriés et une éducation des consommateurs dans le domaine de la santé. Par ailleurs, les systèmes d'approvisionnement en antimicrobiens devront intégrer des réglementations appropriées, des listes de médicaments essentiels et des mécanismes efficaces d'autorisation et de distribution des médicaments. La maîtrise de la résistance aux antimicrobiens est définie dans l'approche ARCS comme l'application permanente de cet ensemble d'interventions de base. Une surveillance de l'étendue et des tendances de la résistance ainsi que de la fourniture, de la sélection et de l'utilisation des antimicrobiens devront être mises en place pour suivre le processus d'endiguement et ses résultats. L'approche ARCS est représentée par un diagramme (<A HREF="/img/revistas/bwho/v82n12/fig_2_9100.gif">figure 2</A>), qui illustre de façon simplifiée mais complète la complexité du problème posé par la maîtrise et la surveillance de la résistance aux antimicrobiens.

3538 downloads

13.

Von willebrand factor cleaving protease activity in the physiopathology of microangiopathic disorders
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Amaral, M. M.

; Kempfer, A. C.

; Farias, C. E.

; Carballo, G. A.

; Silaf, M. R.

; Lazzari, M. A.

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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apr 2003, Volume 63 N. 2 Pages 130 - 136

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The von Willebrand factor cleaving protease (VWFCP) modulates the von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimeric size in normal plasma. VWFCP activity levels are decreased in different physiological and pathologic situations. Different techniques have been developed to unfold the purified VWF (perfusion at high shear rate, dialysis against urea in nitrocellulose filters), to detect the VWFCP activity on it (multimeric analysis of VWF, collagen binding to VWF assay) and to use the patient plasma both as the source of the enzyme and substrate. In this paper we compared the above mentioned methods with new ones: normal plasma dialyzed on membranes instead of purified VWF, dialysis of the samples against urea in tubing instead of nitrocellulose filters, and sonicated plasma to remove the endogenous VWF. The perfusion assay and detection by multimeric analysis showed a limit of detection (25%) of VWFCP activity. Dialysis against urea in both supports and detection by multimeric analysis, showed a better limit of detection (3%), but the recovery of the samples was not as efficient in nitrocellulose filters as it was in tubing. The detection by collagen binding to VWF has more advantages because it allows to analyze more samples than the multimeric analysis does in the same assay. The dialysis of plasma by membranes to obtain the source of exogenous VWF requires no complex equipment. The method, which uses patient plasma as the source of the enzyme and substrate, was inapplicable in our experience because the values could not be interpolated in the reference curve.

La proteasa que cliva al factor von Willebrand (VWFCP) controla el tamaño multimérico del factor von Willebrand (VWF) en plasma normal. Sus niveles se encuentran disminuidos en diferentes situaciones fisiológicas y patológicas. Diferentes técnicas se desarrollaron para desplegar al VWF purificado (perfusión a alta fuerza de cizallamiento, diálisis contra urea en filtros de nitrocelulosa), para detectar la actividad de la VWFCP (análisis multimérico del VWF, enlace del VWF al colágeno) y para usar el plasma del paciente como fuente de enzima (VWFCP) y de sustrato (VWF). Este trabajo compara los métodos descritos con métodos nuevos: plasma dializado en membranas en lugar de VWF purificado, diálisis de la muestra contra urea en tubos, en lugar de filtros de nitrocelulosa y plasma sonicado para remover el VWF endógeno. El ensayo de perfusión y la detección por análisis mutimérico mostró un límite de detección de la actividad de la VWFCP del 25%. La diálisis contra urea en ambos soportes y la detección por análisis multimérico arrojó un límite mejor (3%), pero la recuperación de las muestras no fue tan eficiente en filtros de nitrocelulosa como en tubos. La detección por enlace del VWF al colágeno posee mayores ventajas al analizar más muestras en el mismo ensayo. La diálisis de plasma en membranas, para obtener VWF exógeno, no requiere equipos complejos. El método que usa el plasma del paciente como fuente de enzima y sustrato fue inaplicable en nuestras manos ya que los valores no pudieron ser interpolados en la curva de referencia.

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14.

Aspectos microclimáticos del hábitat de Triatoma brasiliensis
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Lorenzo, Marcelo G.

; Guarneri, Alessandra A.

; Pires, Herton H. R.

; Diotaiuti, Liléia

; Lazzari, Cláudio R.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2000, Volume 16 Suppl. 2 Pages S69 - S74

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Vector-borne transmission of Chagas disease in Northeast Brazil is basically by Triatoma brasiliensis. It is thus crucial to determine this species' microclimatic preferences as limiting factors for its distribution and ability to infest domestic environments. We analyze the microclimatic properties of the shelters in which these insects are found in wild, domestic, and peridomiciliary environments in the State of Ceará, at Brazil. We measure temperature and relative humidity (RH) every 15 minutes for 3 days. Thermal variation was greatly dampened inside both domiciliary refuges and the more protected internal places in wild stony sites. For RH, we observed a similar dampening pattern, but mean RH was lower in both domiciliary refuges and wild ones inside stony sites as compared to reference levels in the surrounding environment. The results are discussed with regard to this species' microclimatic preferences in the laboratory and its potential as determinants of its geographical distribution.

Triatoma brasiliensis es el principal vector de la enfermedad de Chagas en la región nordeste de Brasil. En este sentido, resulta fundamental conocer las preferencias microclimáticas de esta especie como condicionantes de su distribución y capacidad de infestación de domicilios. En el presente trabajo se analisan las características microclimáticas de los refugios en que este insecto es hallado, tanto en sitios silvestres como domiciliarios y peridomiciliarios del Estado de Ceará, Brasil. Se realizaron medidas de temperatura y humedad relativa (HR) cada 15 minutos, durante un periodo de 3 días. La variación de temperatura se halla fuertemente amortiguada en el interior de los refugios domiciliarios, así como en los sitios más protegidos dentro de los pedregales silvestres. En relación con la HR, se pudo observar un patrón de amortiguación semejante, sin embargo, la HR media fue inferior tanto en el interior de refugios intradomiciliarios como en aquellos silvestres entre montículos de piedras, en comparación con los valores registrados como referencia en el ambiente. Los resultados son discutidos en relación con las preferencias microclimáticas de esta especie observadas en el laboratorio y con la posible importancia de éstas como determinantes de su distribución geográfica.

1979 downloads

15.

Aspectos microclimáticos del hábitat de Triatoma brasiliensis
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Lorenzo, Marcelo G.

; Guarneri, Alessandra A.

; Pires, Herton H. R.

; Diotaiuti, Liléia

; Lazzari, Cláudio R.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2000, Volume 16 Suppl. 2 Pages S69 - S74

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

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