ABSTRACT Meckel’s diverticulum is the most common gastrointestinal tract anomaly. It arises from the incomplete closure of the omphalomesenteric conduit, which is a true diverticulum at the antimesenteric border of the ileum. Although the majority of patients are asymptomatic, they can present with inflammation, hemorrhage, intussusception, intestinal obstruction, and perforation, among others; this constitutes an important differential diagnosis for acute abdomen. A 19-year-old female sought medical attention because of intermittent diffuse abdominal pain for two months, nausea, and diarrhea. In the requested imaging tests, tomography, and enterotomography, a diagnosis of Meckel’s diverticulum with some degree of intussusception was suggested. The patient underwent elective surgical treatment without complications and was discharged on the second postoperative day with clinical improvement. In this section, we review publications on similar cases published in the last five years.

Objetivo A gastrectomia vertical é o procedimento cirúrgico para tratamento da obesidade que mais cresce em indicações. No entanto, esse procedimento pode causar ou agravar a doença do refluxo gastresofágico. Este artigo buscou descrever originalmente a adição de procedimentos antirrefluxo (remoção de coxins gordurosos do hiato, hiatoplastia, pequena plicatura e fixação do remanescente na posição anatômica), além de relatar seus resultados precoces e tardios. Métodos Foram submetidos à gastrectomia vertical com medidas antirrefluxo 88 oito pacientes obesos com sintomas de doença do refluxo gastresofágico. Dentre esses pacientes, 50 foram submetidos também à bipartição do trânsito. A perda de peso destes foi comparada àquela ocorrida em 360 pacientes consecutivos submetidos à gastrectomia vertical usual e à de 1.140 pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia vertical + bipartição do trânsito. Os sintomas do refluxo gastresofágico foram investigados por meio de questionário em todos os submetidos à gastrectomia vertical com medidas antirrefluxo e comparados com os resultados obtidos em 50 pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia vertical usual e a 60 submetidos à gastrectomia vertical + bipartição do trânsito, também com sintomas prévios de doença do refluxo gastresofágico. Resultados O percentual de perda do excesso de índice de massa corporal após gastrectomia vertical antirefluxo não foi inferior a gastrectomia vertical usual. Além disso, a gastrectomia vertical antirefluxo + bipartição do trânsito não foi inferior a gastrectomia vertical + bipartição do trânsito. Não houve aumento da morbidade na gastrectomia vertical antirefluxo, porém notou-se redução significativa dos sintomas da doença e do uso de inibidores de bomba prótons para tratar a condição. Conclusão A adição de procedimentos antirrefluxo, como a hiatoplastia e a cardioplicatura, à gastrectomia vertical usual não acrescentou morbidade nem piorou a perda de peso obtida, mas diminuiu de modo significativo a ocorrência de sintomas da doença do refluxo no pós-operatório, assim como a utilização de inibidores de bomba de prótons.

Objective Sleeve gastrectomy is the fastest growing surgical procedure to treat obesity in the world but it may cause or worsen gastroesophageal reflux disease. This article originally aimed to describe the addition of anti-reflux procedures (removal of periesophageal fats pads, hiatoplasty, a small plication and fixation of the gastric remnant in position) to the usual sleeve gastrectomy and to report early and late results. Methods Eighty-eight obese patients that also presented symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease were submitted to sleeve gastrectomy with anti-reflux procedures. Fifty of them were also submitted to a transit bipartition. The weight loss of these patients was compared to consecutive 360 patients previously submitted to the usual sleeve gastrectomy and to 1,140 submitted to sleeve gastrectomy + transit bipartition. Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms were specifically inquired in all anti-reflux sleeve gastrectomy patients and compared to the results of the same questionnaire applied to 50 sleeve gastrectomy patients and 60 sleeve gastrectomy + transit bipartition patients that also presented preoperative symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Results In terms of weight loss, excess of body mass index loss percentage after anti-reflux sleeve gastrectomy is not inferior to the usual sleeve gastrectomy and anti-reflux sleeve gastrectomy + transit bipartition is not inferior to sleeve gastrectomy + transit bipartition. Anti-reflux sleeve gastrectomy did not add morbidity but significantly diminished gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms and the use of proton pump inhibitors to treat this condition. Conclusion The addition of anti-reflux procedures, such as hiatoplasty and cardioplication, to the usual sleeve gastrectomy did not add morbidity neither worsened the weight loss but significantly reduced the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms as well as the use of proton pump inhibitors.

BACKGROUND: Various digestive tract procedures effectively improve metabolic syndrome, especially the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Very good metabolic results have been shown with vertical gastrectomy and entero-omentectomy; however, the metabolic effects of an isolated entero-omentectomy have not been previously studied. METHODS: Nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a body mass index ranging from 29 to 34.8 kg/m² underwent an entero-omentectomy procedure that consisted of an enterectomy of the middle jejunum and exeresis of the major part of the omentum performed through a mini-laparotomy. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY were measured preoperatively and three months following the operation. Fasting and postprandial variations in glycemia, insulinemia, triglyceridemia, hemoglobin A1c, and body mass index were determined in the preoperative period and 3, 18 and, 36 months after the operation. RESULTS: All patients significantly improved the control of their type 2 diabetes mellitus. Postprandial secretion of peptide YY and Glucagon-like peptide-1 were enhanced, whereas hemoglobin A1c, fasting and postprandial glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced. Mean body mass index was reduced from 31.1 to 27.3 kg/m². No major surgical or nutritional complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Entero-omentectomy is easy and safe to perform. A simple reduction in jejunal extension and visceral fat causes important improvements in the metabolic profile.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar fatores preditivos de colelitíase em obesos mórbidos submetidos a gastroplastia com reconstrução em Y de Roux. MÉTODOS: Estudou-se um grupo de pacientes obesos inscritos no programa para tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade mórbida do Departamento de Cirurgia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo. Os critérios de exclusão foram: pacientes colecistectomizados previamente, pacientes com diagnóstico de colelitíase no pré-operatório e casos em que a ultra-sonografia era duvidosa em relação à presença de cálculos biliares. Foram operados 160 pacientes, sendo 29 com colecistectomia prévia, 23 com litíase biliar pré-peratória, 5 com ultrassonografia duvidosa e 103 com vesícula biliar normal ao ultra-som de abdome. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que 48 (46,6%) pacientes desenvolveram colelitíase, sendo 22 sintomáticos. Quando comparamos os pacientes com e sem colelitíase, não observamos diferenças significativas em relação à idade, sexo e peso pré-operatório. O índice de massa corpórea, os níveis séricos de triglicérides, o colesterol total e suas frações VLDL-colesterol e LDL-colesterol foram superiores no grupo que desenvolveu colelitíase em relação aos pacientes sem cálculos, sendo esta diferença estatisticamente significativa. A porcentagem de perda de peso no 6º e 12º mês pós-operatório foi significativamente superior nos pacientes que desenvolveram cálculos biliares. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo permite concluir que índice de massa corpórea, os níveis de triglicérides, colesterol total e suas frações LDL e VLDL são fatores preditivos de colelitíase após gastroplastia com reconstrução em Y de Roux.

OBJECTIVE: This study intended to evaluate predictive factors for cholelithiasis in morbidly obese submitted to gastroplasty with "Y" de Roux reconstruction. METHODS: The population under study was a group of obese patients enrolled in a program of surgical procedure for morbid obesity at the Department of Surgery, College of Medical Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo. The exclusion criteria were: patients previously cholecystectomized, patients with diagnosis of pre-operative cholelithiasis and patients with a questionable ultrasonography about existence of billiary stones. A total of 160 patients were operated, 29 with prior cholecystectomy, 23 with pre-operative biliar lithiasis , 5 with questionable ultrasonography about billiary stones and 103 with normal gallbladders at abdominal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Results showed that (46.6%) of patients developed cholelithiasis, 22 of them symptomatic. When patients with or without cholelithiasis were compared, no significant difference related to age, gender and preoperative weight was observed. The body mass index, the triglycerides serum levels, total cholesterol and the fractions HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were higher in the group who developed cholelithiasis compared to patients without gallstones and this difference was statistically significant. The percentage of weight loss in the 6th and 12th postoperative month was significantly higher in patients who developed billiary stones. CONCLUSION: The study leads to conclude that body mass index, levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and the fractions LDL and VLDL are predictive factors for cholelithiasis post-gastroplasty with the "Y" de Roux reconstruction.