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1.
REDUçãO DE CO2 EM HIDROCARBONETOS E OXIGENADOS: FUNDAMENTOS, ESTRATéGIAS E DESAFIOS
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Silva, Gelson T. S. T. da
; Lopes, Osmando F.
; Dias, Eduardo H.
; Torres, Juliana A.
; Nogueira, André E.
; Faustino, Leandro A.
; Prado, Fernando S.
; Patrocínio, Antônio O. T.
; Ribeiro, Caue
.









CO2 REDUCTION TO HYDROCARBONS AND OXYGENATES: FUNDAMENTALS, STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES. The development of renewable energy sources (e.g., solar and wind) moves foward, the tendance for replacing fossil fuels increases. However, these technologies have as primary barriers to industrial processes’ efficiency and especially storage. Thus, CO2 reduction routes using these energy sources could chemically store part of the energy as fuels or chemicals, offering alternatives to current oil and gas industry. This process is inspired by photosynthesis, e.g., photochemical or electrochemical processes, using homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. Nevertheless, this reaction is thermodynamically unfavorable and has very slow kinetics, given the high stability of the CO2 molecule and the complexity of the redox reactions involved. Therefore, this review addresses this process’s kinetic and thermodynamic challenges, and the fundamental concepts of the photo(electro)chemical processes for CO2 reduction, besides presenting and discussing the materials with the potential to act as catalysts. The main reaction mechanisms and advances in the understanding of such processes are discussed, as well as future perspectives
2.
Interaction between nitrogen, soil water condition and herbicides in Urochloa plantaginea control in irrigated rice crop
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Spatt, Leandro L.
; Lopes, Sidinei J.
; Dornelles, Sylvio H. B.
; Tabaldi, Luciane A.
; Trivisiol, Vinicius S.
; Peripolli, Mariane
.






Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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ABSTRACT The present study sought to verify the existence of interactions between the soil water conditions, nitrogen and herbicides commonly used to control alexandergrass in irrigated rice crop. The experimental design was completely randomized, arranged in a 2 x 3 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to two soil water conditions (5 cm water depth and 100% soil water holding capacity [WHC]), three nitrogen doses (0, 80 and 160 kg of N ha-1) and four doses of herbicides (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 times the registration dose). The herbicides evaluated were cyhalofop-butyl, imazapyr + imazapic and imazethapyr. The treatments were repeated four times. Phytotoxicity and dry mass were evaluated 28 days after application. For cyhalofop-butyl and imazapyr + imazapic, the phytotoxicity at 100% WHC and 5 cm water depth conditions was higher in treatments with nitrogen fertilization. However, for imazethapyr under the 100% WHC condition of soil increased phytotoxicity in the absence of nitrogen fertilization. For the flooded condition, from the dose of 35 g of a.i. ha-1, the result in the control for the herbicide imazethapyr was optimized under the conditions of fertilization with 80 and 160 kg of N ha-1. Cyhalofop-butyl and imazapyr + imazapic undergo synergistic interaction with nitrogen fertilization and water status in the control efficiency, yet with imazethapyr, the synergistic interaction only occurs under 100% of soil WHC.
RESUMO Buscou-se constatar a existência de interações entre condições hídricas do solo, nitrogênio e herbicidas comumente utilizados para controle de papuã no cultivo do arroz irrigado. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, arranjado em um esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 4, sendo duas condições hídricas do solo (lâmina d’água de 5 cm e 100% de capacidade de retenção de água do solo), três doses de nitrogênio (0, 80 e 160 kg de N ha-1) e doses de herbicidas (0, 0,5, 1 e 2 vezes a dose de registro). Os herbicidas avaliados foram cyhalofop-butyl, imazapyr + imazapic e imazethapyr. Os tratamentos foram repetidos quatro vezes. Avaliou-se a fitotoxicidade e a massa seca aos 28 dias após a aplicação. Para cyhalofop-butyl e imazapyr + imazapic, a fitotoxicidade nas condições de 100% da capacidade de retenção de água do solo e lâmina d’água foi superior nos tratamentos com adubação nitrogenada. Entretanto, para imazethapyr na condição de 100% da capacidade de retenção de água do solo houve aumento de 45% da fitotoxicidade na ausência de adubação nitrogenada em comparação à condição com adubação. Para a condição de alagamento, a partir da dose de 35 g de i.a. ha-1, o resultado no controle para o herbicida imazethapyr foi otimizado nas condições de adubação com 80 e 160 kg de N ha-1. Cyhalofop-butyl e imazapyr + imazapic sofrem interação sinérgica com a adubação nitrogenada e a condição hídrica na eficiência do controle, já com imazethapyr, a interação sinérgica só ocorre em 100% da capacidade de retenção de água do solo.
3.
COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches
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Figueiredo, David Livingstone Alves
; Ximenez, João Paulo Bianchi
; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira
; Panis, Carolina
; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos
; Ferrasa, Adriano
; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenço
; Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo de
; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco
; Ramão, Anelisa
; Boldt, Angelica Beate Winter
; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen
; Chin, Chung Man
; Paula, Daniel de
; Rech, Daniel
; Gradia, Daniela Fiori
; Malheiros, Danielle
; Venturini, Danielle
; Tavares, Eliandro Reis
; Carraro, Emerson
; Ribeiro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca
; Pereira, Evani Marques
; Tuon, Felipe Francisco
; Follador, Franciele Aní Caovilla
; Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves
; Volpato, Hélito
; Cólus, Ilce Mara de Syllos
; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de
; Rodrigues, Jean Henrique da Silva
; Santos, Jean Leandro dos
; Visentainer, Jeane Eliete Laguila
; Brandi, Juliana Cristina
; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara
; Bonini, Juliana Sartori
; Oliveira, Karen Brajão de
; Fiorentin, Karine
; Lucio, Léia Carolina
; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla
; Ferreto, Lirane Elize Defante
; Lioni, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi
; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes
; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo
; Arbex, Marcos Abdo
; Pileggi, Marcos
; Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara
; Costa, Maria Antônia Ramos
; Giannini, Maria José S. Mendes
; Amarante, Marla Karine
; Khalil, Najeh Maissar
; Lima Neto, Quirino Alves de
; Herai, Roberto H.
; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi
; Shinsato, Rogério N.
; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara
; Giuliatti, Silvana
; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie
; Gerber, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros
; Pavanelli, Wander Rogério
; Silva, Weber Claudio da
; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza
; Valente, Valeria
; Soares, Christiane Pienna
; Cavalli, Luciane Regina
; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo
.
































































Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China’s Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients’ overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.
4.
Detection of the mcr-1 gene in Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Shigatoxigenic E. coli (STEC) strains isolated from broilers
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Lopes, Hugo P.
; Costa, Gisllany A.
; Pinto, Ana C.L.Q.
; Machado, Leandro S.
; Cunha, Nathalie C.
; Nascimento, Elmiro R.
; Pereira, Virginia L.A.
; Abreu, Dayse L.C.
.








ABSTRACT: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Shigatoxigenic E. coli (STEC) strains are among the major pathotypes found in poultry and their products, which are capable of causing human enteric infections. Colistin has been claimed the drug of choice against diseases caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDRGN) in humans. The mcr-1 gene was the first plasmidial gene that has been described to be responsible for colistin resistance and has also been detected in birds and poultry products. Our study aimed to detect the mcr-1 gene in enteropathogenic strains of E. coli in order to evaluate the resistance to colistin in broilers. The material was obtained from 240 cloacal samples and 60 broiler carcasses. The strains were isolated by the conventional bacteriological method and by the virulence genes, which characterize the enteropathogenic strains and resistance, and the samples were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the 213 isolated strains of E. coli, 57 (26.76%) were characterized as atypical EPEC and 35 (16.43%) as STEC. The mcr-1 gene was found in 3.5% (2/57) of the EPEC strains and 5.7% (2/35) of the STEC strains. In this study, it was possible to confirm that the mcr-1 resistance gene is already circulating in the broiler flocks studied and may be associated with the pathogenic strains.
RESUMO: Escherichia coli Enteropatogênica (EPEC) e Shigatoxigênica (STEC) estão entres os principais patotipos encontrados em aves e produtos avícolas que são capazes de causar doença entérica no homem. A colistina tem sido preconizada como droga de escolha para o tratamento de doenças causadas por bactérias Gram-negativas multirresistentes em humanos. O gene mcr-1 foi o primeiro gene plasmidial a ser descrito como responsável pela resistência a colistina e tem sido descrito em aves e produtos avícolas. Este estudo tem como objetivo a detecção do gene mcr-1 em estirpes de E. coli enteropatogênicas a fim de avaliar a resistência a colistina em frangos de corte. O material foi obtido a partir de 240 amostras cloacais e 60 carcaças de frango de corte. As estirpes foram isoladas pelo método bacteriológico convencional e os genes de virulência, que caracterizam as estirpes enteropatogênicas, e resistência foram detectados pela reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR). Das 213 estirpes de E. coli isoladas, 57 (26,76%) foram caracterizadas como EPEC atípica e 35 (16,43%) como STEC. O gene mcr-1 foi encontrado em 3,5% (2/57) das estirpes EPEC e 5,7% (2/35) das estirpes STEC. Neste estudo foi possível confirmar que o gene de resistência mcr-1 já está em circulação nos lotes de frango de corte estudados e pode estar associado às estirpes patogênicas.
5.
Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Telemedicine in Cardiology - 2019
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Lopes, Marcelo Antônio Cartaxo Queiroga
; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de
; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho
; Pinto, Fausto J.
; Rey, Helena Cramer Veiga
; Zimerman, Leandro Ioschpe
; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo
; Bacal, Fernando
; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne
; Halperin, Cidio
; Araújo, Edson Correia
; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco
; Arruda, José Airton
; Rohde, Luis Eduardo Paim
; Grinberg, Max
; Moretti, Miguel
; Caramori, Paulo Ricardo Avancini
; Botelho, Roberto Vieira
; Brandão, Andréa Araújo
; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão
; Santos, Alexandre Fonseca
; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano
; Etges, Ana Paula Beck da Silva
; Marino, Bárbara Campos Abreu
; Zanotto, Bruna Stella
; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos
; Medeiros, Cesar Rocha
; Santos, Daniel Vitor de Vasconcelos
; Cook, Daniela Matos Arrowsmith
; Antoniolli, Eduardo
; Souza Filho, Erito Marques de
; Fernandes, Fábio
; Gandour, Fabio
; Fernandez, Francisco
; Souza, Germano Emilio Conceição
; Weigert, Guilherme de Souza
; Castro, Iran
; Cade, Jamil Ribeiro
; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de
; Fernandes, Juliano de Lara
; Hadlich, Marcelo Souza
; Oliveira, Marco Antonio Praça
; Alkmim, Maria Beatriz
; Paixão, Maria Cristina da
; Prudente, Maurício Lopes
; Aguiar Netto, Miguel A. S.
; Marcolino, Milena Soriano
; Oliveira, Monica Amorim de
; Simonelli, Osvaldo
; Lemos Neto, Pedro A.
; Rosa, Priscila Raupp da
; Figueira, Renato Minelli
; Cury, Roberto Caldeira
; Almeida, Rodrigo Coelho
; Lima, Sandra Regina Franco
; Barberato, Silvio Henrique
; Constancio, Thiago Inocêncio
; Rezende, Wladimir Fernandes de
.


























































6.
Crescimento de algodoeiro colorido cv. BRS Topázio em solos com distintas salinidades e adubação orgânica
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Barbosa, Joicy L.
; Nobre, Reginaldo G.
; Souza, Leandro de P.
; Veloso, Luana Lucas de S. A.
; Silva, Elcimar Lopes da
; Guedes, Maria Amanda
.






O algodão de fibra naturalmente colorida vem despertando interesse dos produtores e consumidores no Brasil e no mundo, tendo em vista ser um mercado crescente, com grande potencial socioeconômico para fixação de mão de obra, geração de empregos e fonte de matéria-prima para a indústria têxtil. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento do algodoeiro cv. BRS Topázio cultivado em solos de distintas sodicidades e adubação orgânica em condições de ambiente protegido no CCTA/UFCG. Usou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, com três repetições, sendo os tratamentos compostos de cinco percentagens de sódio trocável (PST) (8,84; 12,55; 18,80; 28,80 e 38,80%) associado ao fator níveis de esterco caprino, sendo 0; 5; 10 e 15% em base de volume do vaso. A PST a partir de 24% afeta a área foliar e a produção de matéria fresca tem sua produção reduzida a partir da PST de 38,14% e seca de folha tem sua produção reduzida a partir da PST de 32,60%. A adubação com esterco caprino até 15% promove incremento nas variáveis de crescimento e produção de fitomassa do algodoeiro cv. BRS Topázio. Não houve interação entre os fatores percentagem de sódio trocável e doses de esterco caprino sobre as variáveis em estudo.
Naturally colored fiber cotton has been attracting interest from producers and consumers in Brazil and around the world, with a view to being a growing market with great socioeconomic potential for labor, employment and a source of raw material for industry textile. Regarding the above, the objective was to evaluate the growth and phytomass production of cotton cv. BRS Topaz cultivated in soils of different PSTS and doses of bovine manure under protected environment conditions in CCTA/UFCG. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates, and the treatments were composed of five percent exchangeable sodium (PST) (8.84, 12.55, 18.80, 28.80 and 38.80%) associated to the goat manure factor, being 0, 5, 10 and 15% of the volume of the pot. The PST from 24% affects the leaf area and the fresh and dry leaf has its production reduced from the PST of 38.14 and 32.60% respectively.Fertilization with bovine manure promotes an increase in growth and phytomass production of cotton cv. BRS Topaz. There was no interaction between the percentage of exchangeable sodium and doses of bovine manure on the variables under study.
7.
Metaphylactic effect of calcium on milk composition and animal health in post-partum dairy cows
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ALBANI, KÁSSIO D.
; LOPES, LEANDRO S.
; CAMPIGOTTO, GABRIELA
; BALDISSERA, MATHEUS D.
; SILVA, ALEKSANDRO S. DA
.





Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of subcutaneous calcium administration in post-partum dairy cows with respect to carbohydrate, protein and lipids metabolism, as well as its effects on milk composition. Twenty post-partum dairy cows were randomly divided into two groups (n=10): a control and a treated group with a single dose (150 mL) of calcium. Blood collection was performed on post-partum days 1, 2, 3, 7 and 10. In addition, we measured serum levels of total calcium, total proteins, albumin, globulins, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, as well as creatine kinase (CK) activity. We determined milk composition on post-partum days 5, 10 and 20. Serum total calcium levels was higher on post-partum days 3 and 7 in the treated group. Serum urea (day 3) and triglycerides (days 7 and 10) levels were higher in the treated group, as were CK activity levels at post-partum days 2 and 3. Serum glucose and cholesterol levels were lower on post-partum day 2 in treated animals. Fat (day 20) and lactose (day 10) content in milk samples were higher than in the treated animals. We concluded that treatment with calcium in cows during the post-partum period changes biochemical variables related to metabolism.
8.
Transcultural adaptation of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese
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Santos, Daiane Lopes dos
; Marins, Marcella de Souza
; Nogueira, Leandro Calazans
; Almeida, Renato S.
; Sullivan, Michael John L.
; Reis, Felipe
.






ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It has been proposed that some individuals with musculoskeletal pain may perceive themselves as victims of injustice. Perception of injustice can have a significant impact on several pain-related outcomes, major depressive symptoms, disabilities, and absenteeism. The objective of this study consisted of a transcultural adaptation of the original instrument in English, Injustice Experience Questionnaire into a final version to be used in Brazil. METHODS: The whole translation process consisted of translation, back-translation and the review by a committee of experts. The pre-test was applied to 90 participants (41 participants with chronic musculoskeletal pain). For the psychometric analysis, the translated version was applied to 120 participants with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The internal consistency was verified by the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and the construct validity was analyzed using factorial exploratory analysis. RESULTS: After the conclusion of the pre-test, there were no difficulties in understanding the translated questionnaire by more than 20% of the sample. The Cronbach alpha calculation for the 12 items of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire/Port-BR was 0.86 [CI (95%) = 0.83 to 0.90; p<0.001]. CONCLUSION: The questionnaire’s Portuguese version proved to be easily understandable showing good semantic validation. Nevertheless, further studies should address other psychometric characteristics of this instrument.
RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Tem sido proposto que algumas pessoas com dor musculoesquelética podem desenvolver um sentimento de injustiça. A percepção da injustiça pode ter um impacto significativo em uma série de desfechos relacionados à dor, sintomas depressivos maiores, incapacidades e absenteísmo. O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em uma adaptação transcultural do instrumento original em inglês do Injustice Experience Questionnaire para uma versão final a ser utilizada no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Todo o processo consistiu em tradução, retrotradução e revisão pelo comitê de especialista. O pré-teste foi aplicado a 90 participantes (41 participantes com dor crônica musculoesquelética). Para a análise psicométrica, a versão traduzida foi aplicada a 120 participantes com dor crônica musculoesquelética. A consistência interna foi verificada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e a validade do construto foi analisada por meio de análise exploratória fatorial. RESULTADOS: Após a conclusão do pré-teste, não houve dificuldades em entender cada item do questionário traduzido por mais de 20% da amostra. O cálculo alfa de Cronbach para os 12 itens do Injustice Experience Questionnaire/Port-BR foi de 0,86 [IC (95%) = 0,83 a 0,90; p<0,001]. CONCLUSÃO: A versão em português do questionário mostrou-se facilmente compreensível com boa validação semântica. No entanto, estudos adicionais devem abordar outras características psicométricas desse instrumento.
9.
New insights into Phakopsora pachyrhizi infection based on transcriptome analysis in planta
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Rincão, Michelle Pires
; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de
; Nascimento, Leandro Costa
; Lopes-Caitar, Valéria S.
; Carvalho, Kenia de
; Darben, Luana M.
; Yokoyama, Alessandra
; Carazzolle, Marcelo Falsarella
; Abdelnoor, Ricardo Vilela
; Marcelino-Guimarães, Francismar Correa
.










Abstract Asian soybean rust (ASR) is one of the most destructive diseases affecting soybeans. The causative agent of ASR, the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, presents characteristics that make it difficult to study in vitro, limiting our knowledge of plant-pathogen dynamics. Therefore, this work used leaf lesion laser microdissection associated with deep sequencing to determine the pathogen transcriptome during compatible and incompatible interactions with soybean. The 36,350 generated unisequences provided an overview of the main genes and biological pathways that were active in the fungus during the infection cycle. We also identified the most expressed transcripts, including sequences similar to other fungal virulence and signaling proteins. Enriched P. pachyrhizi transcripts in the resistant (PI561356) soybean genotype were related to extracellular matrix organization and metabolic signaling pathways and, among infection structures, in amino acid metabolism and intracellular transport. Unisequences were further grouped into gene families along predicted sequences from 15 other fungi and oomycetes, including rust fungi, allowing the identification of conserved multigenic families, as well as being specific to P. pachyrhizi. The results revealed important biological processes observed in P. pachyrhizi, contributing with information related to fungal biology and, consequently, a better understanding of ASR.
10.
Mineral supplementation stimulates the immune system and antioxidant responses of dairy cows and reduces somatic cell counts in milk
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WARKEN, AMANDA C.
; LOPES, LEANDRO S.
; BOTTARI, NATHIELI B.
; GLOMBOWSKY, PATRÍCIA
; GALLI, GABRIELA M.
; MORSCH, VERA M.
; SCHETINGER, MARIA ROSA C.
; SILVA, ALEKSANDRO S. DA
.








ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the use of subcutaneous mineral supplementation would affect metabolic parameters, immunological response, milk quality and composition of dairy cows in the postpartum period. Twelve pregnant primiparous Holstein cows, were divided into two groups: six animals supplemented with the mineral complex (magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium and copper), and six animals used as controls. Milk samples were collected every two other weeks postpartum up to sixty days of lactation to analyze composition and quality. Blood samples were collected, and the levels of ketone bodies, total proteins, glucose, albumin, and globulin were measured. The catalase and superoxide enzymes, reactive oxygen species, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukins were determined. Animals supplemented with minerals showed lower levels of ketone bodies and somatic cell counts on days 30, 45 and 60 of the experiment, without changes in milk composition compared to the control group. Supplemented cows had lower levels reactive oxygen species and increased superoxide enzymes activity. Total protein, globulin and cytokine levels were higher in cows supplemented with mineral complexes. Therefore, we can conclude that subcutaneous mineral supplementation improved the immune response and minimized the oxidative stress in dairy cows during lactation.
11.
American tegumentary leishmaniasis: epidemiological and molecular characterization of prevalent Leishmania species in the State of Tocantins, Brazil, 2011-2015
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Gosch, Carina Scolari
; Marques, Cálita Pollyanna
; Resende, Bruna Silva
; Souza, Joandson dos Santos
; Rocha, Ray Ameida da Silva
; Lopes, Deyse Sabrinne Souza
; Gosch, Marcelo Scolari
; Dias, Fátima Ribeiro
; Dorta, Miriam Leandro
.









Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
- Journal Metrics
ABSTRACT Determination of the epidemiological profile of the American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and identification of Leishmania species that are prevalent in the State of Tocantins were carried out through a retrospective and descriptive study based on data reported in SINAN, in the period from 2011 to 2015. Molecular techniques such as PCR-RFLP and PCR-G6PD to amplify Leishmania DNA were performed on stored on Giemsa-stained slides from lesion scarifications of ATL patients who were amastigote-positive by the direct microscopic examination. There were 1,434 ATL cases in Tocantins reported in this period. The highest incidence was reported in men aged over 60 years, rural residents, the most affected ethnic group was mixed ethnicity (mixed black and white) and the ones with lower education. The predominant clinical form was cutaneous, being diagnosed mainly by laboratory methods. Pentavalent antimonial was effective in resolving cases. The predominant species found in 271 analyzed samples from 32 municipalities located in 8 different health regions of Tocantins was Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Identifying the epidemiological profile and characterizing the Leishmania spp species on regional level is essential to establish control and prevention behaviors, minimizing the number of cases and treatment resistance, recurrence and evolution to mucosal forms.
12.
Improving the Toolbox of Bioreductions by the Use of Continuous Flow Systems
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Lopes, Raquel O.
; Grimm, Simon
; Ribeiro, Joyce B.
; Leal, Ivana C. R.
; Miranda, Leandro S. M.
; Souza, Rodrigo O. M. A. de
.






Packed bed reactors can be used as an interesting alternative on the bioreduction of β-ketoesteres mediated by immobilized microorganisms. Here in, we report our results on the bioreduction of ethyl 3-oxohexanoate by immobilized Kluyveromyces marxianus cells and tert-butyl 3-oxobutanoate by immobilized Rhodotorula rubra cells under continuous flow conditions leading the desired β-hydroxy esters corresponding in high yields and enantiomeric excess.
13.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
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; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
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; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
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; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
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; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
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; Guimarães, Elsie F.
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; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
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; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
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; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
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; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
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; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
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; Vinhos, Franklin
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; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
14.
Trichostrongylus and Haemonchus anthelmintic resistance in naturally infected sheep from southern Brazil
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KLAUCK, VANDERLEI
; PAZINATO, RAFAEL
; LOPES, LEANDRO S.
; CUCCO, DIEGO C.
; LIMA, HORACIO L. DE
; VOLPATO, ANDREIA
; RADAVELLI, WILLIAN M.
; STEFANI, LENITA C.M.
; SILVA, ALEKSANDRO S. DA
.









The anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants is a common problem and concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to verify anthelmintic treatment efficacy in naturally infected sheep. This study was conducted on nine herds that used the same anthelmintic management for over a year. In each farm, the animals were divided into two groups: untreated control group (n = 5) and treated (n = 10) according to the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG). The treatment effect was checked based on EPG results and larval culture performed before treatment and 10 days after treatment. Significant differences were not observed (P> 0.05) on EPG results between untreated and treated groups. The coproculture showed that the animals were infected primarily byHaemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp.,Teladorsagia spp., Cooperia spp. andOesophagostomum spp. In all farms, anthelmintic resistance by genera Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus was found, but this resistance varied greatly between farms.Haemonchus spp. showed resistance to closantel, levamisole, and albendazole. Trichostrongylus spp. was shown to be resistant to closantel, levamisole, and albendazole. The drugs tested showed to be efficient against the genera Teladorsagia,Cooperia, and Oesophagostomum. Based on these results, we conclude that the anthelmintic resistance to the tested drugs is a problem present in the farms evaluated.
A resistência de anti-helmínticos em pequenos ruminantes é um problema comum e de interesse em todo o mundo. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a eficácia do tratamento anti-helmíntico em ovinos naturalmente infectados. Este estudo foi realizado em nove rebanhos que utilizaram o mesmo anti-helmíntico por mais de um ano. Em cada fazenda, os animais foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle, não tratado (n = 5) e tratados (n = 10) com base no número de ovos por grama nas fezes (OPG). O efeito do tratamento foi avaliado com base nos resultados de OPG e coprocultura realizados antes do tratamento e 10 dias após. Não foi observada diferença significativa (P > 0,05) entre os grupos tratados e não tratados em relação aos resultados do OPG. A coprocultura demonstrou que os animais estavam infectados principalmente porHaemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp.,Teladorsagia spp., Cooperia spp. eOesophagostomum spp. Em todas as fazendas foi encontrada resistência anti-helmíntica dos helmintos Haemonchusspp. e Trichostrongylus spp., mas esta resistência variou muito entre fazendas. Haemonchus spp. demonstrou ser resistente ao closantel, levamisol e albendazol. Trichostrongylus spp. demonstrou ser resistente ao levamisole, closantel e albendazol. As drogas testadas mostraram-se eficientes contra Teladorsagia spp.,Cooperia spp. e Oesophagostomum spp. Com base nesses resultados, podemos concluir que a resistência anti-helmíntica às drogas testadas é um problema presente nas fazendas avaliadas.
15.
Simulação do efeito do manejo da palha e do nitrogênio na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar
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Costa, Leandro G.
; Marin, Fabio R.
; Nassif, Daniel S. P.
; Pinto, Helena M. S.
; Lopes-Assad, Maria L. R. C.
.





Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
- Journal Metrics
The objective of the study was to model the growth and productivity of green and burnt sugarcane harvesting systems, under three nitrogen fertilizer levels (60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1). APSIM-Sugar crop model was previoulsy calibrated based on two field experiments conducted in Piracicaba,SP and Salinas, MG, with the cultivar SP80-1842. The sensitivity of the model was evaluated for the parameters of soil and variety, especially those related to the soil organic matter dynamics and nitrogen. The model simulated well the sugarcane growth and yield in the evaluated environments. Simulations showed that sugacarne yield being highly dependent on trash management. Trash removal from fields would ultimately decrease the crop yield. Simulations also revealed that the nitrogen doses as high as 180 kg ha-1 would not be enough to overcome the yield lost due to trash removal.
Propôs-se, com este trabalho, modelar o crescimento e a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em sistemas de colheita mecanizada avaliando o efeito da remoção da palhada remanescente em combinação com doses de adubação nitrogenada de 60, 120 e 180 kg ha-1. Utilizou-se o modelo APSIM-Sugar calibrado com base em dois experimentos localizados em Piracicaba, SP, e Salinas, MG, conduzidos com a variedade SP80-1842. Avaliou-se a sensibilidade do modelo aos parâmetros de solo e de variedade, em especial aqueles relacionados à dinâmica da matéria orgânica do solo e do nitrogênio. O modelo mostrou-se capaz de descrever adequadamente o crescimento da cana-de-açúcar nos dois ambientes produtivos. As simulações indicaram que a remoção da palha para utilização na indústria acarretaria redução da produtividade no longo prazo e que a elevação na adubação nitrogenada até 180 kg ha-1 não seria suficiente para compensar a queda na produção.
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