Abstract Introduction. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is considered one of the most important crops in the world. Genetic improvement of tomatoes has employed different methods to generate variability, and mutation the induction of mutations is one of the techniques used to obtaining improved varieties. The first step in using this tool is studying radiosensitivity to determine the irradiation dose to be used. Objective. To determine the radiosensitivity and the dose of cobalt-60 gamma rays to be used in three tomato varieties. Materials and methods. This research was conducted in January 2020 at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas of Cuba. Seeds of three tomato varieties were irradiated with cobalt-60 gamma rays, with doses ranging from 100 Gy to 900 Gy, at intervals of 100 Gy; an unirradiated control was also used. The percentage of germination, plant height, and seedling survival were evaluated. Results. It was observed that higher irradiation dose reduced germination, survival, and plant height. The IDIAP T-7 and IDIAP T-9 varieties reduced germination at a dose of 400 Gy, while the DINA RPs cultivar reduced germination at 300 Gy. Genotypes showed survival values below 50 % at a dose of 800 Gy. Height reduction began at doses of 200 Gy for IDIAP T-7, 300 Gy for DINA RPs, and 400 Gy for IDIAP T-9. Conclusion. The DL-50 doses were identified as 692, 588, and 630 Gy, and the GR-50 doses were 407, 467, and 380 Gy for the IDIAP T-7, IDIAP T-9, and DINA RPs varieties, respectively. The GR-50 dose of each variety was selected for the mutation breeding program.

Resumen Introducción. El tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) es considerado uno de los cultivos más importantes en el mundo. La mejora genética del tomate ha empleado diferentes métodos para generar variabilidad, la inducción de mutaciones es una de las técnicas empleadas en la obtención de variedades mejoradas. El primer paso, en el uso de esta herramienta, es el estudio de radiosensibilidad para determinar la dosis de irradiación a emplear. Objetivo. Determinar la radiosensibilidad y la dosis de rayos gamma de cobalto-60 a emplear en tres variedades de tomate. Materiales y métodos. Esta investigación se desarrolló en enero del año 2020, en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas de Cuba. Se irradiaron con rayos gamma de Cobalto-60 semillas de tres variedades de tomate, con dosis entre 100 Gy y 900 Gy, con intervalos de dosis de 100 Gy; también se empleó un control sin irradiar. Se evaluaron el porcentaje de germinación, la altura y la sobrevivencia de las plántulas. Resultados. Se observó que a mayores dosis de irradiación se redujo la germinación, la sobrevivencia y la altura de las plántulas. Las variedades IDIAP T-7 e IDIAP T-9 redujeron su germinación a la dosis de 400 Gy y el cultivar DINA RPs a los 300 Gy. Los genotipos presentaron valores de sobrevivencia por debajo del 50 % a la dosis de 800 Gy. La reducción de altura inició a la dosis de 200 Gy para la variedad IDIAP T-7, 300 Gy para DINA RPs y 400 Gy para IDIAP T-9. Conclusión. Las dosis de DL-50 identificadas fueron 692, 588 y 630 Gy y las dosis deGR-50 fueron 407, 467 y 380 Gy para las variedades IDIAP T-7, IDIAP T-9 Y DINA RPs, respectivamente. Se seleccionó la dosis GR-50 de cada una de las variedades para el programa de mejora por mutaciones.

Abstract Introduction. Seedlings formation under controlled conditions is crucial for cultivating species like strawberry. With LED artificial lighting technology allowing greater control over light, variations in components such as wavelength and intensity can be manipulated to generate seedlings with different characteristics. However, there is a need to generate information for the development of precise and efficient light control practices. Objective. The evaluate strawberry seedling formation under different intensities of violet, blue, and red LED light. Material and methods. The study was conducted in 2020 at the Plant Genetics Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy at the Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. Seeds from San Andreas variety fruits were collected, and seedlings were grown under violet, blue, and red LED light at high, medium, and low intensities. Color determinations of cotyledon area, Chroma saturation index, and Hue angle were performed. Additionally, physio-technical, chemical, and antioxidant activity variables were measured. Results. The most suitable treatments were high and medium intensity violet light, as well as high intensity blue light, with germination range exceeding 60 %. Seedlings did not elongate or thin out and exhibited the largest cotyledons areas and chlorophyll concentrations. Furthermore, these light treatments consumed, on average, 31.2 % less electrical energy. Conclusions. In addition to white light, the most suitable treatments for strawberry seedlings formation were high and medium intensity violet light, as well as high intensity blue light. It is suggested to evaluate violet and blue light treatments in other cultivars to confirm their positive effect on strawberry seedlings. Red light limited germination and showing higher antioxidant activity.

Resumen Introducción. La formación de plántulas en condiciones controladas es fundamental para cultivar especies como la fresa. Dado que la tecnología de iluminación artificial LED ha permitido un mayor control de la luz, la variación de componentes como la longitud de onda y la intensidad pueden ser manipulados para generar plántulas con diferentes características. Sin embargo, es necesario generar información para el desarrollo de prácticas precisas y eficientes en el control de la luz. Objetivo. Evaluar la formación de plántulas de fresa en diferentes intensidades de luz LED violeta, azul y roja. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó durante 2020 en el Laboratorio de Genética Vegetal del Departamento de Agronomía de la Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México. Se recuperaron semillas de frutos de la variedad San Andreas y se sembraron plántulas en luz LED violeta, azul y roja a intensidades alta, media y baja. Se realizaron determinaciones de color del área del cotiledón, índice de saturación de color y ángulo Hue. Además, se midieron variables fisiotécnicas, químicas y actividad antioxidante. Resultados. Los tratamientos más adecuados fueron luz violeta de intensidades altas y medias; así como luz azul de alta intensidad, debido a que el porcentaje de germinación superó el 60 %. Las plántulas no se alargaron ni adelgazaron, presentaron las mayores áreas de cotiledones y concentraciones de clorofila. Además, estos tratamientos de luz consumieron en promedio 31,2 % menos energía eléctrica. Conclusiones. Además de la luz blanca, los tratamientos más adecuados para la formación de plántulas de fresa fueron la luz violeta a alta y media intensidad, así como la luz azul a alta intensidad. Se sugiere evaluar los tratamientos de luz violeta y azul en otros cultivares para confirmar el efecto positivo en las plántulas de fresa. La luz roja limitó la germinación y mostró mayor actividad antioxidante.

Abstract Introduction. Corn is one of the oldest known food grains. With climate change and frequent and severe droughts, the water available in the soil will be considerably reduced. Water deficit affects maize crop development to varying degrees, and sensitivity to this stress varies at different development stages. Objective. To identify the phenological stages most sensitive to water deficit in maize. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted during two growing seasons in 2020 and 2021 in El Ejido, Los Santos province, Panama, under semi-controlled conditions in the greenhouse facilities of the Instituto Coronel Segundo de Villarreal. The commercial corn hybrid ADV-9293 was used and agronomic management was carried out according to the recommendations of the Institute for Agricultural Innovation of Panamá (IDIAP). Plant height, leaf length and width, stem diameter, biomass and yield components, such as number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and 100-grain mass, were determined throughout the crop cycle. Soil moisture was also determined by the gravimetric method. Water deficit at different stages was generated by drought simulation. Results. The grain yields of the control were higher than the different treatments evaluated with 12.83 t ha-1, followed by the treatment with grain filling stress with 10.31 t ha-1. Two periods were determined to be more sensitive to water deficit; these were the stages from 20 to 35 and 40 to 55 days after planting. Water deficit in the different phenological stages of the crop had a negative impact on the relative chlorophyll content. Conclusion. The pre-flowering and flowering stages were more sensitive to water deficiency in maize.

Resumen Introducción. El maíz es uno de los granos alimenticios más antiguos conocido. Con el cambio climático y las sequías severas y frecuentes, se reducirá en gran medida el agua disponible en el suelo. El déficit hídrico afecta en diversos grados el desarrollo del cultivo de maíz y la sensibilidad a este estrés varía en las diferentes etapas de desarrollo. Objetivo. Identificar las etapas fenológicas más sensibles al déficit hídrico en el cultivo de maíz. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se realizó durante dos ciclos en los años 2020 y 2021 en El Ejido, Provincia de Los Santos, Panamá. Se desarrolló bajo condiciones semicontroladas en la casa de cultivo del Instituto Coronel Segundo de Villarreal. Se utilizó el híbrido de maíz comercial ADV-9293. El manejo agronómico se realizó según las recomendaciones del Instituto de Innovación Agropecuaria de Panamá (IDIAP). Durante todo el ciclo del cultivo, se determinaron las variables altura de planta, largo y ancho de hojas, diámetro del tallo, biomasa y los componentes del rendimiento como número de hileras por mazorca, número de granos por hilera y peso de cien granos. También, se determinó la humedad del suelo por el método gravimétrico. El déficit hídrico en distintas etapas se generó a través de la simulación de sequía. Resultados. El rendimiento de grano del testigo superó los diferentes tratamientos evaluados con 12,83 t ha-1, seguido por el tratamiento con estrés en el llenado de grano con 10,31 t ha-1. Se determinaron dos períodos más sensibles al déficit hídrico; los cuales son las etapas comprendidas desde los 20 a 35 y 40 a 55 dds. El déficit hídrico, durante las diferentes etapas fenológicas del cultivo, tuvo un impacto negativo en el contenido relativo de clorofilas. Conclusión. Las etapas de prefloración y floración resultaron más sensibles a la deficiencia hídrica en el cultivo del maíz.

Abstract Background: Eriobotrya japonica is economically significant as an ornamental tree, and its leaves have medicinal properties. Question: What are the main chemical components of loquat leaves grown in a population of Central Veracruz Mexico? and does the methanolic extract have potential antidiabetic properties through α-glucosidase inhibition? Species study: Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae) Study site and date: Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, 2021-2022. Methods: Total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were determined in leaves powder. Leaf methanol extract of E. japonica was tested for α-glucosidase inhibition. Also, different groups of secondary metabolites were detected by the phenolics/volatile-targeted metabolomic analysis. Results: The leaves of E. japonica are rich in C and minerals such as Na, K, Ca, and Mg, and contain high levels of flavonoids, and procyanidin B2. The leaf methanol extract (LME) effectively inhibited α-glucosidase activity (86.05 ± 0.73 %) in vitro. In addition, a leaf petroleum ether extract (LPE) contains mainly phytol, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, and phytol acetate. Conclusions: The leaf methanolic extract exhibited antidiabetic potential due to its potent α-glucosidase inhibition, and the presence of diverse phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and their glycoside derivatives, and some fatty acids further supports the traditional use of E. japonica as an herbal medicine with antidiabetic properties.

Resumen Antecedentes: Eriobotrya japonica es de importancia económica como árbol ornamental, y sus hojas tienen propiedades medicinales. Pregunta: ¿Cuáles son los principales componentes químicos de las hojas de níspero en una población del centro de Veracruz México? ¿Tiene el extracto metanólico propiedades antidiabéticas potenciales a través de la inhibición de la α-glucosidasa? Especie de estudio: Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae) Sitio y año de estudio: Xalapa, Veracruz, México, 2021-2022. Materiales y métodos: Se determinó el contenido total de carbono (C) y nitrógeno (N), fósforo (P), sodio (Na), potasio (K), calcio (Ca) y magnesio (Mg) en el polvo foliar. Se analizó el extracto metanólico de hoja (LME) de E. japonica para determinar la inhibición de la α-glucosidasa. Además, se detectaron diferentes grupos de metabolitos secundarios mediante el análisis metabolómico dirigido a fenólicos/volátiles. Resultados: Las hojas de E. japonica son ricas en C y minerales como Na, K, Ca y Mg, y contienen altos niveles de flavonoides y procianidina B2. El extracto metanólico foliar (LME) inhibió eficazmente la actividad de la α-glucosidasa (86.05 ± 0.73 %) in vitro. Además, un extracto de éter de petróleo (LPE) de hoja contiene principalmente fitol, ácido palmítico, ácido linoleico, ácido esteárico y acetato de fitol. Conclusiones: El extracto metanólico de la hoja exhibió potencial antidiabético debido a su potente inhibición de la α-glucosidasa y la presencia de diversos compuestos fenólicos, incluidos flavonoides y sus derivados glucósidos, y algunos ácidos grasos respaldan el uso tradicional de E. japonica como medicina herbaria con efectos antidiabéticos.

Abstract Currently, research on life projects mainly focuses on the stages of adolescence and older adulthood, leaving a void in young adulthood. The present study has a qualitative approach, we worked with 13 people dedicated to teaching Physical Education in public programs in Mexico City and at different educational levels. The technique was a semi-structured interview and the instrument applied was an interview guide based on the categories: life project, relationships, and socio-affective development, goals, and success. In the findings, it was identified that the orientations of the life projects of the people interviewed have been established and configured by their life circumstances and by their social context, which has permeated their psychological structure, thoughts, and ideals; however, they do not have a structured and written life project with concrete objectives. The life project is not an end or a means to reach a goal but constitutes a vital part of the human being.

Resumen En la actualidad, las investigaciones sobre proyecto de vida recaen, sobre todo, en las etapas de la adolescencia y la adultez mayor, dejando un vacío en la adultez joven. La presente investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo, se trabajó con 13 personas que se dedican a la docencia e impartición de la asignatura de educación física en programas públicos de la Ciudad de México y en diferentes niveles educativos. La técnica fue una entrevista semiestructurada y el instrumento que se aplicó fue una guía de entrevista con base en las categorías: proyecto de vida, relaciones y desarrollo socioafectivo, metas y éxito. En los hallazgos, se identificó que las orientaciones de los proyectos de vida de las personas entrevistadas han sido instauradas y configuradas por las circunstancias vivenciales y por su contexto social, el cual ha permeado su estructura psicológica, pensamientos e ideales, sin embargo, no tienen estructurado ni escrito un proyecto de vida con objetivos concretos. El proyecto de vida no es un fin o medio para llegar a una meta, sino constituye una parte vital del ser humano.

Abstract Light wells in residential buildings represent a context that has received relatively little attention in daylighting analyses. This study aims to analyze the daylighting performance of a residential space with a window facing a light well, in order to contribute to the revision of NBR 15575:2013. The study conducted 1,152 daylighting analyses considering windows facing a light well, located on the first and fourth floors of a 4-story building. Clear and intermediate skies were considered in four Brazilian cities with different latitudes. Both the prescriptive method and point-in-time simulations were applied. The effectiveness of achieving daylit interior spaces through light wells strongly depends on the geometry of the light well and the external illuminance conditions of the city. Narrow light wells were found to be unsuitable for adequately daylighting the lower floor spaces. Furthermore, the prescriptive method was insufficient in representing daylighting originating solely from external wall interreflections. The study found that intermediate and superior performance levels, when achieved through point-in-time or spatial daylighting availability simulations, were never attained for the first-floor space. Therefore, the authors recommend that dense urban canyon situations and light wells be carefully considered in the revision of the standard. 155752013. 155752013 15575 2013. 2013 15575:2013 1152 1 152 1,15 4story story 4 building latitudes pointintime point time applied city Furthermore interreflections levels firstfloor Therefore standard 15575201 1557 201 15575:201 115 15 1,1 1557520 155 20 15575:20 11 1, 155752 2 15575:2 15575:

Resumo Poços de luz em edifícios residenciais representam um contexto com pouca atenção nas análises de iluminação natural. Esse estudo propõe analisar o desempenho de iluminação natural de um espaço residencial com janela voltada para poço de luz visando objetivo de contribuir com a revisão da NBR 15575:2013. O estudo realizou 1.152 análises de desempenho considerando a janela voltada para o poço de luz localizada no 1º e 4º pavimentos de uma edificação de quatro pavimentos. Foram considerados céu claros e intermediários em quatro cidades brasileiras com diferentes latitudes. O método prescritivo e simulação ponto-no-tempo foram aplicados. A solução de iluminação de espaços internos por meio de poços de luz depende fortemente de sua geometria e das condições de iluminância externa da cidade. Poços estreitos mostraram-se inaptos para levar luz suficiente para os ambientes inferiores. O método prescritivo não é capaz de representar adequadamente situações de iluminação natural oriunda exclusivamente de interreflexões de paredes externas. Os níveis intermediários e superiores de desempenho por simulação ponto-no-tempo ou por análises baseadas no clima não foram atendidos no 1º pavimento. Os autores recomendam que situações de cânions urbanos densos e poços de luz sejam cuidadosamente consideradas na análise da revisão da norma. 155752013. 155752013 15575 2013. 2013 15575:2013 1152 1 152 1.15 º latitudes pontonotempo ponto tempo aplicados cidade mostraramse mostraram se inferiores externas pavimento norma 15575201 1557 201 15575:201 115 15 1.1 1557520 155 20 15575:20 11 1. 155752 2 15575:2 15575:

Resumo A acne é uma doença crónica, inflamatória e multifatorial da unidade pilossebácea, sem mortalidade associada, mas frequentemente acompanhada de alta morbilidade física e psicológica. A metformina, um antidiabético oral que diminui a glicemia, está a ser investigada como uma opção terapêutica no tratamento de acne em adultos e adolescentes. Os autores realizaram uma revisão baseada na evidência, de acordo com a metodologia PICO, com o objetivo de avaliar se existe evidência do uso da metformina (monoterapia ou adjuvante) no tratamento de acne em adultos e adolescentes na ausência de Síndrome do Ovário Poliquístico (SOP). No fim da pesquisa, cinco artigos originais foram considerados elegíveis para a revisão. Todos os estudos selecionados mostraram uma melhoria estatisticamente significativa nas lesões de acne nos pacientes que receberam metformina. Apesar do número reduzido de artigos incluídos na revisão, os resultados sugerem que a metformina pode ser utilizada como opção terapêutica na acne, embora seja necessária mais investigação. De acordo com a evidência atual, a metformina pode ser uma opção terapêutica no tratamento da acne sem SOP, com um nível de evidência B na SORT. Este tratamento demonstrou benefícios clínicos, particularmente na acne resistente a outros tratamentos ou em casos mais severos, melhorando o número e a gravidade das lesões.

Abstract Acne is a chronic, inflammatory, multifactorial disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, with no associated mortality but often accompanied by high physical and psychological morbidity. Metformin is an antihyperglycemic drug under investigation as a therapeutic option for acne in adults and adolescents. The authors performed an evidence-based review, according to the population, intervention, control, and outcomes methodology, to assess whether there is evidence for the use of metformin (monotherapy or adjuvant) in the treatment of acne in adolescents and adults in the absence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). At the end of the review method, five original studies were eligible for this review. All studies showed a statistically significant improvement in acne lesions in patients receiving metformin. Despite the small number of articles included in this review, results suggest that the use of metformin for the management of acne can be an option, although further investigation is required. According to the current evidence, metformin could be a therapeutic option in the treatment of acne without PCOS, with strength of recommendation taxonomy B level of evidence. This treatment has shown clinical benefits, particularly in acne resistant to other therapies or in more severe acne cases, improving the number and severity of the lesions.

Abstract Introduction: Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common complications of cholelithiasis. In Colombia, there are no studies on its prevalence or the sociodemographic characteristics of the affected population. Objectives: To establish the prevalence of acute cholecystitis in Colombia and describe the associated sociodemographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the individual service provision records (RIPS) from 2018 to 2022. Results: A total of 343,254 cases of acute cholecystitis were identified in Colombia, with a prevalence of 681 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and a female-to-male ratio of 2.3:1. The highest number of reported cases was in the 34 to 39-year age group. The departments with the most cases are located in the southeast of the country, including Nariño, Valle del Cauca, Caquetá, and Tolima. Conclusion: This study presents epidemiological and sociodemographic information on acute cholecystitis in Colombia. There are few epidemiological studies on this disease in Latin America, however, the prevalence found is similar to that reported in countries like the United States.

Resumen Introducción: La calidad de la colonoscopia es un factor determinante en los desenlaces clínicos y depende en gran medida de la limpieza intestinal lograda con una adecuada preparación. El tipo de agente, la adherencia y tolerabilidad son factores que pueden influenciar la calidad de la limpieza y, por ende, los resultados del procedimiento. Con este estudio se busca evaluar cuáles son los motivos que determinan la escogencia del agente para la preparación y su impacto en la calidad de la colonoscopia. Metodología: Estudio observacional de corte transversal con una muestra de 530 pacientes. Agentes evaluados: polietilenglicol (PEG), picosulfato de sodio y sulfato de sodio-potasio-magnesio (sulfato de Na-K-Mg), con sus esquemas de dosis continua y dividida, según el caso. Los motivos para la selección y la tolerabilidad se evaluaron por medio de una encuesta. La limpieza intestinal fue determinada por el endoscopista mediante la escala de Boston. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 52,7 años (± 13,4), 60% fueron mujeres. El agente más elegido fue PEG (81,9 %) en el esquema de dosis completa (74,5%). El principal factor determinante fue la disponibilidad del fármaco, con un 42,6%. Se presentaron síntomas indeseables en el 62,6% de los pacientes; sin embargo, el 99,4% lograron una preparación adecuada (Boston ≥6). Conclusión: El principal factor relacionado con la selección del agente para la preparación intestinal es la disponibilidad. La tolerabilidad objetiva no condiciona diferencias relevantes en la calidad de la limpieza ni el éxito del procedimiento.

Abstract Peace education aims to influence the development of a healthy and peaceful coexistence, both in the classroom and in other broader social structures such as the family and the local and global community; It also involves motivating students to understand human rights, multiculturalism and conflict management. The funds of knowledge applied to education constitute a theoretical and methodological approach that values a nd takes into account the experiences and knowledge of families to enrich the design and implementation of sensitive and contextualized educational practices. Here we delve into the importance of implementing funds of knowledge in teaching practices as an approach that promotes peace, because it is based on the principles of inclusion, equity, participation, democracy, solidarity and respect for human rights. The funds of knowledge approach constitutes a contribution to socially just and culturally relevant education that promotes peace because, to live peacefully in a society where people of different cultures, ethnicities, ideologies and languages converge, it is important to live the experience of recognizing, value and respect diversity as the axis that drives the well-being of people and communities.

Resumen La educación para la paz tiene como objetivo incidir en el desarrollo de una convivencia sana y pacífica, tanto en el aula como en otras estructuras sociales más amplias como la familia y la comunidad local y global; implica, además, motivar a los estudiantes a comprender los derechos humanos, la multiculturalidad y el manejo de conflictos. Los fondos de conocimiento aplicados a la educación constituyen un enfoque teórico y metodológico que valora y toma en cuenta las experiencias y conocimientos de las familias para enriquecer el diseño e implementación de prácticas educativas sensibles y contextualizadas. Aquí se profundiza en la importancia de la implementación de los fondos de conocimiento en las prácticas docentes como un enfoque que promueve la paz, porque se basa en los principios de inclusión, equidad, participación, democracia, solidaridad y respeto a los derechos humanos. El enfoque de fondos de conocimiento constituye un aporte a la educación socialmente justa y culturalmente relevante que promueve la paz porque, para convivir de forma pacífica en una sociedad donde convergen personas de diferentes culturas, etnias, ideologías e idiomas, es importante vivir la experiencia de reconocer, valorar y respetar la diversidad como eje que impulsa el bienestar de las personas y las comunidades.

Resumen Nos proponemos analizar las articulaciones entre la perspectiva etnográfica y la cartografía social de una experiencia de investigación colaborativa centrada en la reconstrucción de los cuidados comunitarios en salud que se vienen desplegando en algunos barrios periurbanos de Posadas tras la pandemia de COVID–19. Para ello, retomamos las discusiones del campo de estudios de los cuidados, género y el reconocimiento de derechos y explicitamos el encuadre desde el cual delineamos la modalidad de trabajo con referentes de la Coordinadora de Trabajadores Desocupados Aníbal Verón. Luego, nos detenemos en las vinculaciones entre la etnografía y la cartografía social como modo de producir conocimiento de carácter procesual y colaborativo. Si bien ambas vías de acceso a la configuración de los territorios vividos provienen de disciplinas distintas (antropología y geografía social), consideramos que retroalimentan las posibilidades de articular la participación de las/os interlocutores en el hacer investigativo–reflexivo sobre las problemáticas de salud.

Abstract We propose to analyze the articulations between the ethnographic perspective and the social cartography of a collaborative research experience focused on the reconstruction of community health care that has been deployed in some peri–urban neighborhoods of Posadas, after the COVID–19 pandemic. To this end, we recapitulate the discussions of the field of studies of care, gender and the recognition of rights, making explicit the knowledge in which we delineate the modality of work with the referents of the Coordinadora de Trabajadores Desocupados Aníbal Verón. Then, we delve into the connections between ethnography and social cartography as a means to produce procedural and collaborative knowledge. Although both pathways to configuring lived territories becoming from different disciplines (anthropology and social geography), we believe they encourage the possibilities of feedback between the interlocutors in the investigative–reflexive process about health issues.

Resumo Propomo-nos analisar as articulações entre a perspectiva etnográfica e a cartografia social de uma experiência de pesquisa colaborativa centrada na reconstrução dos cuidados comunitários em saúde que vêm se desenvolvendo em alguns bairros periurbanos de Posadas, após a pandemia COVID-19.

Resumen La malformación fetal discordante es una condición rara que afecta a los embarazos gemelares monocoriales. Se caracteriza por anomalías genéticas o estructurales, o ambas, lo que implica dificultades en el abordaje clínico y bioético. Objetivo: Describir una serie seguida longitudinalmente de 10 gestaciones monocoriales con malformaciones discordantes, incluyendo alteraciones tanto estructurales como genéticas, manejadas de manera multidisciplinaria en la unidad de medicina materno-fetal de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana en Medellín, Colombia, para tener mayor conocimiento sobre las opciones de tratamiento y sus resultados. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de 10 casos de malformaciones discordantes en la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana entre el 1 de enero de 2012 y el 31 de diciembre de 2022. La búsqueda de la revisión sistemática se realizó en PubMed utilizando los términos MeSH “embarazos monocoriales y malformaciones”, “defectos discordantes y embarazos monocoriales”, “anomalías discordantes y embarazos gemelares”, entre 2012 y 2022, en inglés y español, y en un libro de texto de medicina fetal. Resultados: El 70% de las gestaciones monocoriales con malformación fetal discordante que requirieron manejo expectante tuvieron desenlaces perinatales y neonatales similares a los encontrados en la revisión de la literatura.

Abstract Fetal discordant malformation is a rare condition which affects twin monochorionic pregnancies. It is characterized by genetic and/or structural anomalies, which implies difficulties in the clinical and bioethic approach. Objective: To describe ten cases of discordant malformations, specifically, including structural and genetics anomalies, with a multidisciplinary management in the fetal medicine department of Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana in Medellín, Colombia, to have more knowledge regarding the treatment options and its results. Method: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study of ten cases of discordant malformations in the Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana between January 1st 2012 and December 31st 2022. The search for the systematic review was made in PubMed using Mesh terms “monochorionic pregnancies and malformations”, “discordant defects and monochorionic pregnancies”, “discordant anomalies and twin pregnancies”, between 2012 and 2022, in English and Spanish, and in a fetal medicine textbook. Results: 70% of fetal discordant malformation had an expectant management with similar perinatal and neonatal outcomes found in the literature that was reviewed.

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed itself in a acutely and dramatically way, particularly on politically and socially vulnerable groups, such as the homeless population (HP). The literature on health emergency and response and social care needs of the most vulnerable during the pandemic is scarce. This article describes the network of care for HP, including formally instituted pathways of care and those produced during the pandemic of COVID-19, in the city of Belo Horizonte. The methodological path used documentary analysis, technical visits to care services, in-depth interviews and focus groups with the care network stakeholders. The results showed that the network is composed of four components with intersections: the health network, the social care network, the ‘National Pastoral Care of the Homeless People’ (non-governmental organization) and the network created to care for people with respiratory symptoms. The workflow changes imposed by the pandemic resulted in access barriers in different centers offering care for HP. However, it was observed the potentiality of the integral care offer, through the connections built during the pandemic between health, social care, and the non-governmental organizations. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 way HP . (HP) scarce COVID19, 19, Horizonte analysis services indepth depth stakeholders intersections National People nongovernmental non governmental organization symptoms However offer organizations COVID1 1 COVID- (HP

RESUMO A pandemia de covid-19 se impôs de modo mais agudo e dramático aos grupos políticos e socialmente mais vulnerabilizados, como a População em Situação de Rua (PSR). A literatura sobre as respostas às demandas de saúde e de assistência social dos mais vulnerabilizados, durante a pandemia, ainda é escassa. Neste artigo, descreve-se a rede de cuidado à PSR, considerando os caminhos formalmente instituídos e aqueles produzidos durante a pandemia de covid-19, no município de Belo Horizonte. Para tanto, realizaram-se análise documental, visitas técnicas a serviços assistenciais, entrevistas em profundidade e grupos focais com atores que compõem a rede de cuidado. Os resultados mostraram que a rede é composta por quatro componentes com interseções: pela rede da saúde, da assistência social, da Pastoral Nacional do Povo da Rua (sociedade civil organizada) e a rede criada para cuidado de sintomáticos respiratórios. As mudanças de fluxos impostas pela pandemia repercutiram em dificuldades no acesso aos serviços de cuidado da PSR. Contudo, observou-se a potencialidade para a oferta da integralidade do cuidado, mediante articulações realizadas na pandemia entre a saúde, a assistência social e a sociedade civil organizada. covid19 covid 19 covid-1 vulnerabilizados PSR . (PSR) escassa artigo descrevese descreve covid19, 19, Horizonte tanto realizaramse realizaram documental assistenciais interseções organizada respiratórios Contudo observouse observou covid1 1 covid- (PSR

ABSTRACT Based on the narrative exercise, this article examines the concept of health inequalities, its relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and challenges in operationalizing the 2030 Agenda principle of ‘Leaving No One Behind’ (LNOB). The implications of these debates for the implementation of the SDGs aimed at vulnerable population groups in local territories and their effective participation in this process are also highlighted. Finally, it presents Primary Health Care, in the Brazilian context, as a fundamental health care strategy that focuses on prevention, promotion and rehabilitation of users, and can contribute to the local LNOB approach and the creation of sustainable and healthy territories. We are halfway through the scheduled deadline for the agenda, and the challenges are many. Urgency is needed in its implementation, which requires national planning, investment in public sector capacity and digital infrastructure, capacity building of local governments and improvements in monitoring and reviewing the SDGs. It also includes the importance of facing emerging challenges and filling existing gaps in the international architecture related to the SDGs since 2015. exercise inequalities (SDGs 203 Leaving Behind LNOB. . (LNOB) highlighted Finally Care context prevention users agenda many planning infrastructure 2015 20 (LNOB 201 2

RESUMO A partir do exercício narrativo, este artigo examina o conceito de desigualdades em saúde, sua relação com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) e os desafios da operacionalização do princípio da Agenda 2030 de ‘Não deixar ninguém para trás’ (Leaving No One Behind - LNOB). Também são destacadas as implicações desses debates para a implementação dos ODS, direcionadas para grupos populacionais vulnerabilizados em territorialidades locais e sua efetiva participação nesse processo. Por fim, apresenta a Atenção Primária à Saúde, dentro do contexto brasileiro, enquanto estratégia de atenção integral à saúde que se concentra na prevenção, na promoção e na reabilitação dos usuários, podendo contribuir para a abordagem local do LNOB e para a criação de territórios sustentáveis e saudáveis. Já se está na metade do período acertado para o prazo final da agenda, e os desafios são muitos. É necessário urgência em sua implementação, o que exige planejamento nacional, investimento na capacidade do setor público e infraestrutura digital, capacitação dos governos locais e melhorarias no monitoramento e revisão dos ODS. Inclui, ainda, a importância de enfrentar os desafios emergentes e preencher as lacunas existentes na arquitetura internacional relacionada com os ODS desde 2015. narrativo (ODS 203 Não trás Leaving LNOB. . LNOB) processo fim Saúde brasileiro prevenção usuários saudáveis agenda muitos nacional digital Inclui ainda 2015 20 201 2

RESUMEN La criobiopsia transbronquial se ha descrito como un nuevo método para obtener tejido pulmonar, demostrando buena correlación con las biopsias quirúrgicas, menos complicaciones, costos y estancia hospitalaria. Describimos la primera experiencia con éxito en un hospital nacional de Perú. Paciente mujer de 53 años, con tiempo de enfermedad de cinco años, caracterizado por disnea progresiva. La tomografía mostró patrón no usual de neumonía intersticial (UIP). Estudio reumatológico: anticuerpos antinucleares (ANA) positivo mixto, nuclear moteado 1/2560 y nucleolar 1/5120. El anti - anticuerpos nucleares extraíbles (ENA) fue positivo y los anticuerpos frente al citoplasma de los neutrófilos (ANCA) negativo. La espirometría con capacidad vital forzada (CVF) 1,83 (69%) y prueba de difusión 10,39 (67%). Tras la evaluación del comité multidisciplinario se solicitó biopsia pulmonar. Previa evaluación clínica y funcional, se realizó la criobiopsia con el uso de anestesia general, bloqueador endobronquial profiláctico, guía fluoroscópica y criosonda.

ABSTRACT Transbronchial cryobiopsy has been described as a new method to obtain lung tissue, demonstrating good correlation with surgical lung biopsies, fewer complications, costs and hospital stay. We describe our first experience carried out successfully in a national hospital. This is a 53-year-old female patient, with a disease duration of five years, characterized by progressive dyspnea. Non-UIP standard tomography. Rheumatological study: mixed positive ANA, speckled nuclear 1/2560 and nucleolar 1/5120. Anti-ENA positive, ANCA negative. Spirometry with FVC 1.83 (69%) and diffusion test 10.39 (67%). After the evaluation of the multidisciplinary committee, a lung biopsy was indicated. After clinical and functional evaluation, cryobiopsy was performed with the use of general anesthesia, prophylactic endobronchial blocker, fluoroscopic guidance and cryoprobe.

Abstract Introduction. In tomato breeding programs, obtaining new genotypes requires the evaluation of genetic materials in different environments. Objective. To identify tomato genotypes with better adaptability and stability in the province of Los Santos, Panama. Materials and methods. This research was carried out in 5 environments in the province of Los Santos, Panama, during 2022-2023 agricultural cycle. Fifteen genotypes were planted under a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the level of each environment and combined using the residual maximum likelihood methodology (REML). The genotype-by-environment interaction was estimated by GGE-SReg Biplot analysis. Results and discussion. The analysis revealed a significant interaction between the genotypes and the environments studied, the first 2 axes of the principal components of the interaction explained 70.96% of the total variation. The GGE Biplot through Polygon (which, won, where) allowed the identification of 3 potential environmental groups. The group of mutants T7.RB-50-EN44-13, R1.15-17-18-LV14-2 and R3.10-79-81-LV7-1 were determined as the most outstanding for their stability and performance. The study on the discrimination capacity and representativeness of the environments identified El Ejido and Villa Lourdes as the most discriminating environments while Tres Quebradas was the most representative and the closest to the ideal target environment. Conclusion. The GGE-SReg Biplot analysis allowed an efficient analysis of the genotype-by-environment interaction, which makes it a very efficient tool to identify superior genotypes with good adaptability and stability to the region of interest.

Resumen Introducción. En los programas de fitomejoramiento de tomate, la obtención de nuevos genotipos requiere evaluar los materiales genéticos en diferentes ambientes. Objetivo. Identificar los genotipos de tomate con mejor adaptabilidad y estabilidad en la provincia de Los Santos, Panamá. Materiales y métodos. Esta investigación se desarrolló en 5 ambientes de la provincia de Los Santos, Panamá, en el ciclo agrícola 2022-2023. Se sembraron 15 genotipos bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar con 3 repeticiones. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados mediante un análisis de varianza a nivel de cada ambiente y combinado con la metodología de máxima verosimilitud residual (REML). La interacción genotipo por ambiente se estimó a través el análisis Biplot GGE-SReg. Resultados y discusión. Los análisis revelaron una interacción significativa entre los genotipos y los ambientes estudiados, los 2 primeros ejes de los componentes principales de la interacción explicaron el 70,96% de la variación total. El Biplot GGE a través del polígono (cuál, ganó, dónde) permitió identificar 3 grupos ambientales potenciales. Se determinó el grupo de los mutantes T7.RB-50-EN44-13, R1.15-17-18-LV14-2 y R3.10-79-81-LV7-1 como los más sobresalientes por su estabilidad y rendimiento. El estudio sobre la capacidad de discriminación y representatividad de los ambientes identificaron al El Ejido y Villa Lourdes como los entornos más discriminantes mientras que Tres Quebradas fue el más representativo y el más cercano al ambiente ideal objetivo. Conclusión. El análisis Biplot GGE-SReg permitió hacer un análisis eficiente de la interacción genotipo por ambiente, lo que lo convierte en una herramienta muy eficiente para identificar genotipos superiores con una buena adaptabilidad y estabilidad a la región de interés.