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ABSTRACT Background: Rapid molecular methods such as the line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert® MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) have been recommended by the World Health Organization for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) diagnosis. We conducted an interventional trial in DR-TB reference centers in Brazil to evaluate the impact of the use of LPA and Xpert. Methods: Patients with DR-TB were eligible if their drug susceptibility testing results were available to the treating physician at the time of consultation. The standard reference MGITTM 960 was compared with Xpert (arm 1) and LPA (arm 2). Effectiveness was considered as the start of the appropriate TB regimen that matched drug susceptibility testing (DST) and the proportions of culture conversion and favorable treatment outcomes after 6 months. Results: A higher rate of empirical treatment was observed with MGIT alone than with the Xpert assay (97.0% vs. 45.0%) and LPA (98.2% vs. 67.5%). Patients started appropriate TB treatment more quickly than those in the MGIT group (median 15.0 vs. 40.5 days; p<0.01) in arm 1. Compared to the MGIT group, culture conversion after 6 months was higher for Xpert in arm 1 (90.9% vs. 79.3%, p=0.39) and LPA in arm 2 (80.0% vs. 83.0%, p=0.81). Conclusions: In the Xpert arm, there was a significant reduction in days to the start of appropriate anti-TB treatment and a trend towards greater culture conversion in the sixth month.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0191-2021

The effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on semen characteristics and testicular profiles of Red Sokoto Bucks
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Itodo, Joy Iyojo

; Ibrahim, Rekwot Peter

; Rwuaan, Joseph Sankey

; Aluwong, Tanga

; Shiradiyi, Bugau John

; Owoicho, Abah Kenneth

; Azubuike, Ubah Simon

; Agbi, Kuje Althea

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2021, Volume 43 elocation e50990

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. The present work evaluated the effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on reproductive parameters of Red Sokoto bucks. Twenty Red Sokoto bucks were used for the experiment. After a 14-day pre-treatment period, bucks were assigned for 90 days to one of four isonitrogeneous treatments: control (diet A); 0 mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet B); 15% mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet C); 30% mg kg-1 of total gossypol and (diet D); 45% mg kg-1 of total gossypol. The mean percentage sperm gross motility was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) compared to groups C (30% WCS) and A (control) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen pH and reaction time were not significantly (p > 0.05) different among treatment groups. Semen colour of the bucks in the control group was majorly creamy, in group C (30% WCS) and B (15% WCS) creamy to milky and group D (45% WCS) colourless. The mean semen volume was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in groups C and A compared to group D (45% WCS) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) when compared to group A (control) at days 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90. Group A (control) bucks had significantly (p < 0.05) higher percentage live sperm compared to those in group D (45% WCS) at days 45, 60, 75 and 90. Mean Sperm morphological abnormalities including detached head, free tail curved tail and midpiece droplets were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group D (45%) than in group A (Control) at day 15 (for free tails) and day 90 (for all). Testicular and epididymal sperm reserves were higher in animals supplemented with up to 30% whole cottonseed. In conclusion, feeding bucks above 30% WCS resulted in more deleterious effects on the semen characteristics and testicular profile.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.50990 419 downloads

Paramedic students' confidence and satisfaction with clinical simulations of an emergency medical care programme in South Africa: A cross-sectional study
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Sandy, Peter T.

; Meyer, John T.

; Oduniyi, Oluwaseun S.

; Mavhandu-Mudzusi, Azwihangwisi H.

Health SA Gesondheid (Online)

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2021, Volume 26 Pages 1 - 9

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: There has been an increase in the use of clinical simulations as instructional tools in healthcare education. This is because of their role in ensuring patients' safety and quality-care provision AIM: This study investigated the paramedic students' satisfaction and self-confidence in the clinical simulation of an emergency medical care programme SETTING: The study was conducted at the Durban University of Technology in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa. The paramedic students' satisfaction and self-confidence in the clinical simulation of an emergency medical care programme were the focus of the study METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional research design. A convenience sampling method was used to select the 83-paramedic students who participated in the study. Data were collected between July and September 2017 using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages and Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient) and an inferential test, ordinal logistic regression analysis, were used for data analysis RESULTS: High levels of paramedic students' satisfaction and self-confidence in simulation activities were reported. Generally, the paramedic students' demographics were associated with the satisfaction and self-confidence variables with p-values ≤ 0.04. Emergency medical care training undertaken by the paramedic students was significantly associated with self-confidence (p = 0.00 CONCLUSION: Clinical simulation can bridge the theory-practice gap for paramedic students. It is a hands-on approach that promotes students learning of clinical skills through reflection

https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v26i0.1522 76 downloads

Infant HIV diagnosis and turn-around time for testing in Malawi, 2015
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Ali, Hammad

; Minchella, Peter

; Chipungu, Geoffrey

; Kim, Evelyn

; Kandulu, James

; Midiani, Dalitso

; Kim, Andrea

; Swaminathan, Mahesh

; Gutreuter, Steve

; Nkengasong, John

; Singer, Daniel

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

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2020, Volume 9 N. 1 Pages 1 - 7

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: For HIV-exposed infants in Malawi, there are missed opportunities at each step of the testing and treatment cascade. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed factors associated with HIV positivity among infants in Malawi and turn-around times for infant HIV testing. METHODS: HIV testing data for infants aged 0-18 months from 2012 to 2015 were extracted from the Malawi HIV laboratory information management system and analysed using logistic regression. Turn-around time was defined as time between collection of samples to results dispatch from the laboratory. RESULTS: A total of 106 997 tests were included in the analyses. A subset of 76 006 observations with complete dates were included in the turn-around time analysis. Overall positivity was 4.2%. Factors associated with positivity were increasing age (infants aged 3-6 months: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.24; infants aged 6-9 months: aOR = 3.42; infants aged > 9 months: aOR = 4.24), female sex (aOR = 1.08) and whether the mother was alive and not on antiretroviral therapy at time of the infant's test (aOR = 1.57). Provision of HIV prophylaxis to the infant after birth (aOR = 0.38) was found to be protective against HIV positivity. The median turn-around time was 24 days (increased from 19 to 34 days between 2012 and 2015. CONCLUSION: Infant HIV positivity has decreased in Malawi, whereas turn-around time has increased. Factors associated with positivity include increasing age, female sex, and whether the mother was alive and not on antiretroviral therapy at the time of the infant's test.

https://doi.org/10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.904 50 downloads

Mapping self-report questionnaires for socio-emotional characteristics: What do they measure?
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PRIMI, Ricardo

; SANTOS, Daniel Domingues dos

; HAUCK, Nelson

; FRUYT, Filip De

; JOHN, Oliver Peter

Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

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2019, Volume 36 elocation e180138

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Enquanto a estrutura das diferenças individuais em muitos atributos sociais e emocionais está bem estabelecida em adultos, consideravelmente menos estudos foram conduzidos em crianças e adolescentes. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram especificar os principais domínios de conteúdo de múltiplos instrumentos socioemocionais (autoestima, garra, autoeficácia, forças e dificuldades e os cinco grandes fatores) usados em pesquisas nos Estados unidos da América e na Europa, e testá-los em um contexto muito menos desenvolvido e com consideráveis desafios educacionais, a saber, escolas brasileiras. Foram eleitos os cinco principais instrumentos socioemocionais utilizados internacionalmente, sendo investigada a sua estrutura fatorial em uma grande amostra de estudantes escolares (N = 3,023). Os fatores extraídos para representar os domínios socioemocionais dos instrumentos testados se mostraram bastante coerentes com as dimensões do modelo dos cinco grandes fatores. Discutem-se as contribuições do estudo na avaliação de competências socioemocionais na pesquisa educacional, bem como as limitações do estudo e sugestões para futuras investigações.

Abstract Whereas the structure of individual differences in many social and emotional attributes is well understood in adults, much less work has been done in children and adolescents. The main goals of this research were to specify the major content domains that are assessed across multiple socioemotional instruments (self-esteem, grit, self-efficacy, strengths and difficulties, Big Five) in research in the United States and Europe, to test them in a less developed context with considerable educational challenges (Brazilian schools). We selected the five most promising instruments and studied their structure at the item level in a large sample of Brazilian school students (N = 3,023). The extracted factors to capture the major domains of child differences represented in these instruments closely resembled the Big Five personality dimensions. We discuss the contribution of our findings to the assessment of socio-emotional skills in education research, as well as limitations of the current study, and suggestions for future research.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275201936e180138 2201 downloads

Gender-specific risk factors for gout: a systematic review of cohort studies
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Evans, Peter L.

; Prior, James A.

; Belcher, John

; Hay, Charles A.

; Mallen, Christian D.

; Roddy, Edward

Advances in Rheumatology

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2019, Volume 59 elocation 24

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Though gout is more prevalent in men than women, it remains unclear whether gender influences risk factors for incident gout. We aimed to systematically review all cohort studies examining risk factors for the development of gout by gender. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2019. Risk factors for gout examined were: age, ethnicity, consumption of alcohol, meat, seafood, dairy products, purine-rich vegetables, coffee and fructose, vitamin C intake, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, metabolic syndrome, BMI, waist and chest circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, weight change, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemias, renal disease, psoriasis, hypertension, diuretic use and anti-diabetic medication. Cohort studies were included if examining (at least) one of these risk factors for gout in either gender in the general population or primary care. Sample characteristics from included articles and their reported risk estimates were described using narrative synthesis. Results: Thirty-three articles were included, 20 (60.6%)directly compared risk factors by gender, 10 (30.3%) used men-only samples, 3 (9.1%) used women-only samples. Articles comparing risk across genders found similar increases in most risk factors. However, in men, metabolic syndrome (Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 1.37(1.20-1.58)) presented a risk of incident gout compared to none in women (> 50 years 1.15(0.85-1.54); ≤50 years 1.29(0.76-2.17)). Compared to men, women showed greater associated risk with higher consumption of fish and shellfish (HR (95% CI) Men: 1.02 (0.86-1.22); Women 1.36 (1.12-1.65)). Conclusions: Risk factors for developing gout did not typically differ between genders and therefore similar preventative advice can be provided. Exceptions were metabolic syndrome in men and excessive seafood consumption in women, but these singular articles need further examination and in general more research into the risk factors for gout which includes women is required.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-019-0067-7 982 downloads

Priority areas for cannabis and cannabinoid product research in South Africa
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Augustine, Tanya N.

; Cairns, Carel J.

; Chetty, Sean

; Dannatt, Lisa G.

; Gravett, Nadine

; Grey, Glenda

; Grobler, Gerhard

; Jafta, Zukiswa

; Kamerman, Peter

; Lopes, John

; Matsabisa, Motlalepula G.

; Mugabo, Pierre

; Mulder, Michelle

; Parry, Charles

; Rataemane, Solomon

; Siegfried, Nandi

; Steenkamp, Vanessa

; Thomas, Eileen

; van Zyl-Smit, Richard

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine

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2018, Volume 10 N. 1 Pages 1 - 3

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v10i1.1711 823 downloads

Comparative evaluation of dry and liquid RIME LAMP in detecting trypanosomes in dead tsetse flies
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Nambala, Peter

; Musaya, Janelisa

; Hayashida, Kyoko

; Maganga, Emmanuel

; Senga, Edward

; Kamoto, Kelita

; Chisi, John

; Sugimoto, Chihiro

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research

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2018, Volume 85 N. 1 Pages 1 - 6

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Xenomonitoring is an important approach in assessing the progress of trypanosomiasis control as well as in estimating the endemicity of trypanosomes in affected areas. One of the major challenges in this approach is the unavailability of sensitive and easy to use xenomonitoring tools that can be used in the remote areas where the disease occurs. One tool that has been used successfully in detecting the parasites in tsetse flies is the repetitive insertion mobile element loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RIME LAMP). This tool has recently been modified from the liquid form to dry form for use in remote areas; however, uptake for use in the field has been slow. Field-collected tsetse flies were used to evaluate the performance of dry RIME LAMP over the conventional liquid RIME LAMP. All the samples were also subjected to internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a standard. ITS1-PCR-positive samples were further sequenced for confirmation of the species. A total of 86 wild tsetse flies were left to dry at room temperature for 3 months and DNA was extracted subsequently. All 86 flies were Glossina morsitans morsitans. From these, dry RIME LAMP detected 16.3% while liquid RIME LAMP detected 11.6% as infected with trypanosomes. Ten positive samples on ITS1-PCR were sequenced and all were shown to be trypanosomes. The use of dry RIME LAMP in the field for xenomonitoring of trypanosomes in tsetse flies will greatly contribute towards control of this neglected tropical disease as it provides the cheapest, fastest and simplest way to estimate possible human infective trypanosome infection rates in the tsetse fly vectors.

https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v85i1.1543 217 downloads

The conferment of martyrdom: Retracing Bernard Mzeki's life from his formative years in the history of the Anglican Church in Zimbabwe until his death (1890-2013)
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Chawarika, John

; Duncan, Graham A

Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae

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2018, Volume 44 N. 1 Pages 1 - 18

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The conferment of martyrdom is a thorn in the flesh in the Anglican Church today. Bernard Mzeki has been commemorated annually since the late 1930s as a martyr in the Anglican Church of Zimbabwe. This is because Mzeki died a mysterious death on 18 June 1896 during the period of the first War of Liberation (Chimurenga) in Zimbabwe. Although there are other factors that might have contributed to the death of Mzeki, the church strongly believes that he died for his Christian faith. Whilst it is a fact that the Church of the Province of Central Africa does not have official, written criteria to confer martyr status, the mystics surrounding the death of Mzeki-as documented by Farrant (1966) and Broderick (1953)-authenticated his martyr status. In this regard, the martyrdom of Mzeki remained unique from the 1940s during the bishopric of William Paget, who accepted the unwritten "bottom-to-top" procedure in canonising his martyrdom. It is interesting to note that from the 1990s the church in Zimbabwe has had figures like Rev. Peter Wagner and Mrs Mandeya, who were presumed to have died for their faith, but were not recognised as martyrs. In the same period, Zimbabwean Bishops like Ishmael Mukwanda and others were advocating for an official, written procedure to canonise them. It is based on the above analysis that this article will examine the role played by Mzeki in the strengthening of the Anglican faith in Zimbabwe.

https://doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/3153 589 downloads

10.

A revisit of the ministerial concept of lay and full-time ministers in classical Pentecostal churches in Ghana and its missional implications
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White, Peter

; Ntsiful, John

Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae

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2018, Volume 44 N. 1 Pages 1 - 12

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In their article "Pentecostal Mission Approaches" White and Niemandt (2015, 241269) make a case for how some Pentecostal Churches in Ghana have made good use of lay/tent ministry in their missionary agenda. However, among the Classical Pentecostal Churches in Ghana, lay ministers are not recognised as full-time ministers of the church. The understanding of these churches is that the lay/tent ministers by their definition do not operate in the five-fold ministry. In some of the churches, they are not accredited by the church to be part of their General Ministerial Council Meetings and the Annual General Meetings. Unlike the mainline churches, the lay or tent ministers in the Classical Pentecostal Churches in Ghana are also not allowed to vote or to be recommended for Executive Council positions. These issues therefore make it essential to investigate the historical and theological understanding of the concept of the lay and full-time ministers in church history, Ghanaian Pentecostals' view of the concept, as well as the missional importance of lay ministries in the church and the missio Dei.

https://doi.org/10.25159/24124265/3826 1017 downloads

11.

CONTACTO LINGÜÍSTICO Y VARIEDADES DEL ESPAÑOL EN COLOMBIA: PERSPECTIVAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
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Chaparro Rojas, John Freddy

Forma y Función

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dec 2017, Volume 30 N. 2 Pages 123 - 138

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen Este artículo tiene el propósito de plantear reflexiones que susciten futuros procesos de investigación a la luz de la exploración de fenómenos de variabilidad lingüística del español de contacto en Colombia. Para esto, se toman como referentes los trabajos del profesor Rubén Arboleda sobre el español andino hablado en el sur de Colombia y el trabajo del profesor Héctor Ramírez sobre el español de contacto en zonas de frontera. Si bien hay avances considerables en cuanto a la descripción de las variables diatópicas del español americano, es poco lo que se puede encontrar sobre los fenómenos de variabilidad y cambio producto del contacto lingüístico y los fenómenos socioculturales asociados a estos. Se busca, entonces, mostrar un campo fértil y poco explorado: la emergencia de nuevos dialectos a partir del contacto entre lenguas y entre variedades lingüísticas mutuamente inteligibles. Para ello, se presentan, de manera general, los aportes de Peter Trudgill, cuya propuesta teórica está centrada en explicar los estadios de formación de nuevos dialectos.

Abstract The objective of this article is to set forth reflections that foster future research projects that explore phenomena of linguistic variability of Spanish in contact with other languages in Colombia. To that effect, the work of Professor Rubén Arboleda, on the Andean Spanish spoken in southern Colombia, and that of Professor Héctor Ramírez, regarding Spanish in contact in border zones, were taken as referents. Although considerable progress has been made with respect to the description of the diatopic variables of Spanish in the Americas, there is little to be found regarding variability and change phenomena resulting from linguistic contact and the socio-cultural aspects associated with them. Therefore, the article seeks to open up a fertile and relatively unexplored field: the emergence of new dialects as a result of the contact between languages and between mutually intelligible linguistic varieties. In this respect, the article provides an overview of the contributions of Peter Trudgill, whose theoretical proposal focuses on explaining the stages of formation of new dialects.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar reflexões que suscitem futuros processos de pesquisa à luz da exploração de fenômenos de variabilidade linguística do espanhol de contato na Colômbia. Para isso, tomam-se como referentes os trabalhos do professor Rubén Arboleda sobre o espanhol andino falado no sul da Colômbia e o trabalho do professor Héctor Ramírez sobre o espanhol de contato em regiões fronteiriças. Embora haja avances consideráveis quanto à descrição das variáveis diatópicas do espanhol americano, é pouco o que pode ser encontrado sobre os fenômenos de variabilidade e mudança resultado do contato linguístico e sobre os fenômenos socioculturais associados com eles. Portanto, procura-se mostrar um campo fértil e pouco explorado: a emergência de novos dialetos a partir do contato entre línguas e entre variedades linguísticas mutuamente inteligíveis. Para isso, apresentam-se, de maneira geral, as contribuições de Peter Trudgill, cuja proposta teórica está focada em explicar os estágios de formação de novos dialetos.

https://doi.org/10.15446/fyf.v30n2.65791 1370 downloads

12.

Case-control study of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in Pakistani rheumatoid arthritis patients
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John, Peter

; Bhatti, Attya

; Ain, Noor ul

; Iqbal, Tahir

; Sadaf, Tayyaba

; Malik, Javed Mehmood

Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia

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dec 2017, Volume 57 N. 6 Pages 633 - 636

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbre.2015.07.003 2391 downloads

13.

Impact of the integration of proton magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy to PI-RADS 2 for prediction of high grade and high stage prostate cancer
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Leapman, Michael S.

; Wang, Zhen J.

; Behr, Spencer C.

; Kurhanewicz, John

; Zagoria, Ronald J.

; Carroll, Peter R.

; Westphalen, Antonio C.

Radiologia Brasileira

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oct 2017, Volume 50 N. 5 Pages 299 - 307

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Comparar as predições de tumor com padrão 4 de Gleason dominante ou de tumor com extensão extraprostática utilizando o sistema Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS v2), combinado ou não a espectroscopia por ressonância magnética (1H-ERM). Materiais e Métodos: Trinta e nove pacientes submeteram-se a RM de 3 tesla com bobina endorretal, incluindo 1H-ERM, e prostatectomia. Dois radiologistas classificaram as principais lesões identificadas em cada caso utilizando PI-RADS v2 e escores de 1H-ERM. As análises estatísticas incluíram regressões logísticas, curvas receiver operating characteristic (ROC) e tabelas 2x2 para acurácia diagnóstica. Resultados: A sensibilidade e a especificidade da 1H-ERM e do PI-RADS v2 para a detecção de câncer de próstata de alto grau foram 85,7% (57,1%) e 92,9% (100%), e 56% (68%) e 24% (24%). A sensibilidade e a especificidade da 1H-ERM e do PI-RADS v2 para a detecção de extensão extraprostática (EEP) foram 64,0% (40%) e 20% (48%), e 50% (57,1%) e 71,4% (64,3%). As áreas das curvas ROC para a predição de câncer de alto grau foram 0,65 e 0,61 para PI-RADS v2 e 0,72 e 0,70 quando combinado com 1H-ERM (radiologistas 1 e 2, p = 0.04 e 0.21). Para a predição de EEP, as áreas das curvas ROC foram 0,54 e 0,60 para PI-RADS v2 e 0,55 e 0,61 quando combinado com 1H-ERM (p > 0.05). Conclusão: É possível que a 1H-ERM melhore a predição de câncer de alto grau quando combinada ao PI-RADS v2, em particular para lesões que recebem um escore PI-RADS v2 4; entretanto, ela não afeta a predição de EEP.

Abstract Objective: To compare the predictions of dominant Gleason pattern ≥ 4 or non-organ confined disease with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS v2) with or without proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI). Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine men underwent 3-tesla endorectal multiparametric MRI including 1H-MRSI and prostatectomy. Two radiologists assigned PI-RADS v2 and 1H-MRSI scores to index lesions. Statistical analyses used logistic regressions, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and 2x2 tables for diagnostic accuracies. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of 1H-MRSI and PI-RADS v2 for high-grade prostate cancer (PCa) were 85.7% (57.1%) and 92.9% (100%), and 56% (68.0%) and 24.0% (24.0%). The sensitivity and specificity of 1H-MRSI and PI-RADS v2 for extra-prostatic extension (EPE) were 64.0% (40%) and 20.0% (48%), and 50.0% (57.1%) and 71.4% (64.3%). The area under the ROC curves (AUC) for prediction of high-grade prostate cancer were 0.65 and 0.61 for PI-RADS v2 and 0.72 and 0.70 when combined with 1H-MRSI (readers 1 and 2, p = 0.04 and 0.21). For prediction of EPE the AUC were 0.54 and 0.60 for PI-RADS v2 and 0.55 and 0.61 when combined with 1H-MRSI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: 1H-MRSI might improve the discrimination of high-grade prostate cancer when combined to PI-RADS v2, particularly for PI-RADS v2 score 4 lesions, but it does not affect the prediction of EPE.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2016.0117 1035 downloads

14.

Towards an intellectual history of evolutionary economics: competition and struggle versus cooperation and mutual aid
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HALL, JOHN

; KIRDINA-CHANDLER, SVETLANA

Brazilian Journal of Political Economy

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jul 2017, Volume 37 N. 3 Pages 551 - 564

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Nossa investigação considera as origens da Economia Evolutiva reintroduzindo um debate que teve lugar na Rússia no século XIX e início do século XX. Respostas ao Origem das Espécies de Charles Darwin são consideradas, especialmente as críticas que enfatizam a ênfase de Darwin na competição e na luta na seleção natural, que podem ser traçadas diretamente a Thomas Robert Malthus. Considerando contribuições desafiadoras feitas por vários eruditos russos, colocamos uma ênfase especial no foco de Peter Kropotkin na cooperação e na “ajuda mútua” na seleção natural e na evolução. Em seguida, especulamos sobre a semelhança encontrada nas visões evolucionistas avançadas por Kropotkin e seu contemporâneo americano, Thorstein Veblen.

ABSTRACT Our inquiry considers the origins of Evolutionary Economics by reintroducing a debate that took place in Russia in the 19th and early 20th century. Responses to Charles Darwin’s The origin of Species are considered, especially critiques stressing Darwin’s emphasis upon competition and struggle in natural selection, that can be traced directly to Thomas Robert Malthus. Considering challenging contributions made by several Russian scholars, we place special emphasis upon Peter Kropotkin’s focus on cooperation and “mutual aid” in natural selection and evolution. We then speculate upon the commonality found in the evolutionary views advanced by Kropotkin and his American contemporary, Thorstein Veblen.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-31572017v37n03a05 1659 downloads

15.

Exploring South Africa's southern frontier: A 20-year vision for polar research through the South African National Antarctic Programme
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Ansorge, Isabelle J.

; Skelton, Paul

; Bekker, Annie

; de Bruyn, Nico P.J.

; Butterworth, Doug

; Cilliers, Pierre

; Cooper, John

; Cowan, Don A.

; Dorrington, Rosemary

; Fawcett, Sarah

; Fietz, Susanne

; Findlay, Ken P.

; William Froneman, P.

; Grantham, Geoff H.

; Greve, Michelle

; Hedding, David

; Hofmeyr, Greg G.J.

; Kosch, Michael

; le Roux, Peter C.

; Lucas, Mike

; MacHutchon, Keith

; Meiklejohn, Ian

; Nel, Werner

; Pistorius, Pierre

; Ryan, Peter G.

; Stander, Johan

; Swart, Sebastiaan

; Treasure, Anne

; Vichi, Marcello

; Jansen van Vuuren, Bettine

South African Journal of Science

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jun 2017, Volume 113 N. 5-6 Pages 1 - 7

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2017/a0205 1009 downloads

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