Resumo O cultivo de plantas medicinais exige cuidado na aplicação de agroquímicos a fim de evitar a alteração da composição de seus princípios ativos. Os insumos biológicos são mais recomendáveis para esse propósito. Foi testado o efeito de Trichoderma spp. e vermicomposto em mudas de Bauhinia forficata Link., uma das espécies florestais mais exploradas para fins medicinais, a partir de dois ensaios instalados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 40 repetições, em casa de vegetação. Testamos duas estirpes de Trichoderma asperelloides (T1 e T2) e duas estirpes de Trichoderma harzianum (T13 e T33) inoculadas em substrato e um tratamento controle (substrato sem inoculação). O ensaio com vermicomposto testou as proporções de 0, 20, 40, 50, 60 e 80 % de vermicomposto (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 e T6 respectivamente). As variáveis altura, diâmetro do coleto, teor de clorofila e número de folhas foram avaliadas aos 45, 90 e 135 dias após a semeadura. Analisamos também a sobrevivência, área foliar, biomassa seca total, da parte aérea e raízes e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson das mudas aos 135 dias após a semeadura. A área foliar foi submetida ao teste de Tukey (α = 0,05). Outras variáveis não apresentaram normalidade e homogeneidade de variâncias e foram comparadas por Kruskal-Wallis (α = 0,05). Os insumos biológicos influenciaram positivamente no crescimento inicial de Bauhinia forficata. A altura, o diâmetro do coleto, a área foliar e a biomassa seca (total, aérea e radicular) foram superiores em relação aos tratamentos controle, para ambos os ensaios. Dentre as estirpes de Trichoderma spp., T13 apresentou melhores resultados para o crescimento das mudas em relação à T33. Mudas produzidas com proporções maiores de vermicomposto (50, 60 e 80 %) apresentaram desenvolvimento estatisticamente superior em altura e diâmetro do coleto, a partir dos 90 dias após semeadura, quando comparado ao tratamento controle. No entanto, não houve um padrão claro de diferenças entre as outras doses testadas, exigindo mais testes de dosagem. Trichoderma spp. e vermicomposto mostraram-se promissores para produção de Bauhinia forficata para fins medicinais.

Abstract Crops of medicinal plants demand careful attention with agrochemicals in order to avoid changing the composition of its active principles. Biological inputs are more recommended for this purpose. We tested the effects of Trichoderma and vermicompost on Bauhinia forficata Link. seedlings, one of the most exploited species for medicinal purposes. Two trials were installed in a completely randomized design with 40 replicates in a greenhouse in southern Brazil. We tested two Trichoderma asperelloides strains (T1 and T2) and two Trichoderma harzianum strains (T13 and T33) inoculated on substrate and a control treatment (substrate without inoculation). The vermicompost assay tested the proportions 0, 20, 40, 50, 60 and 80 % vermicompost (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 respectively). The variables of height, collar diameter, chlorophyll content and leaf number were evaluated at 45, 90 and 135 days after seeding. We analyzed seedlings survival, leaf area, shoot and root total dry biomass, and Dickson Quality Index at 135 days after seeding. Leaf area was submitted to the Tukey test (α = 0.05). Other variables did not present normality and homogeneity of variances and were compared by Kruskal-Wallis (α = 0.05). Biological inputs positively influenced the initial growth of Bauhinia forficata. Height, collar diameter, leaf area and try biomass (total, shoot and root) were higher in relation to control treatments for both trials. Among Trichoderma strains, T13 presented the best results in relation to T33. Seedlings produced with larger percentages of vermicompost (50, 60 and 80%) presented statistically higher development for height and collar diameter 90 days after seeding when compared to the control treatment. However, there was no clear pattern of differences between the other doses of this entry, requiring further dosing tests. Trichoderma and vermicompost showed to be promising for the production of Bauhinia forficata for medicinal purposes.

Abstract This study evaluates the potential of fauna attractiveness according to brushwood transposition in an abandoned mining area under restoration in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Sixteen areas of brushwood measuring 2 m² area and 1 m high were installed. The occurrence of fauna groups under and around the brushwood piles was then observed with use of bi-monthly surveys. Data were collected using a non-destructive method and the animals were identified by order and separated by taxonomic units. Twenty-three fauna orders were found, with the most frequent being Anura, Araneae, Hymenoptera and Isoptera. There was an increase in the number of taxonomic units found in each survey, with a significant difference after ten months of installation. The results indicate that the brushwood was attractive to the fauna and provided new habitats and coexistence between different fauna groups during the monitored period.

Conhecer a regeneração florestal em áreas dominadas por bambu pode auxiliar no gerenciamento das espécies nestas áreas, assim como auxiliar em propostas de recuperação e restauração destes ambientes. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou conhecer a estrutura, composição florística, mecanismos de dispersão, tolerância à sombra e hábito de vida das espécies da regeneração natural presentes em área sob domínio da espécie exótica Bambusa tuldoides Munro. O estudo foi desenvolvido em área de floresta estacional, município de Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram demarcadas 30 parcelas de 12x12 m, totalizando 0,432 ha de amostragem. Foram medidos e identificados todos os indivíduos presentes na classe I: altura maior ou igual a 30 cm e menor que 130 cm (30≤ H<130 cm) e na classe II: circunferência à altura do peito menor ou igual a 5 cm (CAP≤5). Foram observadas baixa densidade de indivíduos e espécies, principalmente na Classe II. Ocotea puberula, Myrsine umbellata, Trichilia elegans e Cupania vernalis apresentaram maior distribuição e relação com a área de bambus. Quanto à ecologia das espécies da regeneração, a maiorias destas podem ser classificadas como tolerantes à sombra (53%), de dispersão zoocórica (87%) e hábito de vida arbóreo (54%). Conclui-se que na área de superabundância de Bambusa tuldoides analisada, a classe da regeneração apresenta baixa densidade de espécies, indivíduos de pequeno porte, tolerantes à sombra e de dispersão zoocórica. Estas informações, devem ser consideradas para futuras ações de manejo e recuperação no local de estudo.

Understand the native forest regeneration process in areas dominated by bamboo can be a support to the management of these species, as well as assist in proposals for recovery and restoration of these environments. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate concomitantly the structure, floristic composition, mechanisms of dispersion, shade tolerance and lifeforms of the natural regenerating species present in the area under dominance of exotic species Bambusa tuldoides Munro. The study was carried out in seasonal forest, in the municipality of Eldorado do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Thirty plots of 12x12 m (0.432 ha) were sampled and the plants divided into two classes. In Class I were measured and identified all the individuals with height greater or equal to 30 cm and less than 130 cm (30 ≤ H <130 cm) and in the Class II all the individuals with a circumference at breast height less than or equal to 5 cm (CBH≤5). Low density of individuals and species were observed, mainly in Class II. Ocotea puberula, Myrsine umbellate, Trichilia elegans and Cupania vernalis showed a greater distribution and relation with the bamboos area. About ecology, the majority of regenerating species can be classified as tolerant to shade (53%), zoocoric dispersion (87%) and arboreal lifeform (54%). It is concluded that in the area of superabundance of Bambusa tuldoides, the regeneration class (Class I) presents low density of species, small individuals, tolerant to shade and with zoocoric dispersion. It information should be considered for future management and recovery actions at the site.

ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the regeneration of a forest remnant, we installed 256 2 x 2 m plots for measuring forest species individuals with height ≥ 30 cm and stem diameter ≤ 1 cm. Horizontal structure was evaluated and calculated by the Shannon (H') diversity index and the Pielou (J) evenness index. We performed clustering analysis by the agglomerative and divisive hierarchical method (the variable was the number of individuals); and used the Principal Component Analysis to verify the species distribution. We sampled 3021 individuals, distributed in 26 families and 51 species (H' = 2.78 and J = 0.66). Allophylus edulis had the highest values of absolute frequency (63.3) and absolute density (5186 ind.ha-1), while Ligustrum lucidum presented greater dissimilarity. The analysis showed the presence of regeneration mechanisms, and evidenced biological invasion problem.

The current paper focuses on potential medicinal use of forest species from Deciduous Seasonal Forest in central region of Rio Grande do Sul State, South Brazil. Floristic and phytosociological surveys were carried out in 2011 and 2012. Results were compared with the available information in scientific literature about popular knowledge and biological/pharmacological evidences. Each species was classified in use categories to diseases, symptoms our disorders based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD). In 2011, we found a total of 31 species, 77,4% of them with medicinal use. In 2012, we found 33 species,72,7% of them with medicinal use. The species most frequently mentioned were Casearia sylvestris, Eugenia uniflora, Cabralea canjerana, Luehea divaricata, Parapiptadenia rigida and Vitex megapotamica. The main species with biological/pharmacological properties were C. sylvestris, E. uniflora, L. divaricata, V. megapotamica and Zanthoxylum rhoifolium. We concluded that there is a considerable potential for medicinal purposes to forest species from Deciduous Seasonal Forest in the study region. We recommend further studies mainly about the species Prunus myrtifolia, Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, Cabralea canjerana and Casearia sylvestris which presented references to antitumoral properties.