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Strategies to recover blood donors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a tertiary level hospital experience
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Peña-Carillo, Hebert I.

; Rosa-Zamboni, Daniela de la

; López-Victoria, Alicia B.

; López-Martínez, Briceida

; Guerrero-Díaz, Ana C.

Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México

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oct 2022, Volume 79 N. 5 Pages 300 - 309

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has challenged blood banks. In Mexico, donors decreased 22% between April and May 2020 compared to the same months in 2019. This study analyzed the effect of the strategies to recover donors (altruistic and family) in a tertiary pediatric care center during the pandemic. Methods: The Blood Bank of the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez implemented strategies to obtain blood components to ensure self-sufficiency. The effect of these strategies on donor recovery was analyzed. Results: There were 7,315 eligible donors in 2019 and 5,070 in 2020. Blood component requirements decreased from 10,037 units in 2019 to 8,619 in 2020. The strategies aimed at attracting altruistic donors managed to increase the percentage of this type of donor when comparing the months in which these strategies were applied with the same months in 2019. In addition, it was observed that the greater the number of methods used simultaneously, the higher the percentage of altruistic donors (rho = 0.846, p = 0.002). In contrast, strategies aimed at attracting family donors did not increase the number of this type of donor. Conclusions: Actions to recruit altruistic donors increased the number of this type of donor to meet the hospital’s needs.

Resumen Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 ha representado un reto en los bancos de sangre. En México, los donadores disminuyeron el 22% entre abril y mayo del 2020 en comparación con los mismos meses del 2019. Este estudio analizó el efecto de las estrategias realizadas para recuperar donantes, altruistas y familiares, en un centro de atención pediátrica de tercer nivel durante la pandemia. Métodos: El Banco de Sangre del Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez implementó estrategias encaminadas a la obtención de componentes sanguíneos para asegurar la autosuficiencia. Se analizó el efecto de dichas estrategias en la recuperación de donantes. Resultados: Se registraron 7,315 donadores aptos en el año 2019 y 5,070 en el 2020. Los requerimientos de componentes sanguíneos disminuyeron de 10,037 unidades en 2019 a 8,619 en 2020. Las estrategias que estaban destinadas a captar donadores altruistas lograron aumentar el porcentaje de este tipo de donadores al comparar los meses en que se aplicaron dichas estrategias con los mismos meses en el 2019. Además, se observó que, a mayor número de estrategias aplicadas de manera simultánea, mayor porcentaje de donadores altruistas (rho = 0.846, p = 0.002). Por el contrario, las estrategias con la finalidad de atraer donadores familiares no lograron aumentar la cantidad de este tipo de donadores. Conclusiones: Las acciones para recabar donadores altruistas aumentaron la cantidad de este tipo de donadores para satisfacer las necesidades del hospital.

https://doi.org/10.24875/bmhim.21000237 7 downloads

TRÁFICO NACIONAL DE FAUNA SILVESTRE Y ESPECIES AMENAZADAS: UN ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO EN MANABÍ (ECUADOR)
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Crespo-Gascón, Sofía

; Solórzano, Carlos B.

; Guerrero-Casado, José

LA GRANJA. Revista de Ciencias de la Vida

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aug 2022, Volume 35 N. 1 Pages 33 - 44

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Illegal wildlife trafficking has negative effects on biodiversity conservation at both global and local scale. Therefore, the establishment of appropriate conservation measures requires local studies that quantify this problem. The aim of this paper is to quantify and characterize the species of birds and mammals in the period 2016-2017, at Valle Alto Wildlife Rescue Center and Wildlife Refuge (Manabí, Ecuador). The study showed that 212 specimens belonging to 41 different species were confiscated. More birds than mammals were confiscated, and a greater proportion of birds were included in a national and international threat category. A clear preference for primates, parrots and squirrels was found. Furthermore, the presence of species with a distribution range outside the study area revealed the existence of the transportation of species from other parts of the country. Although these data are only a sample of what is actually trafficked in the country, they provide an approach of the type of species that are illegally trafficked in this biodiversity hotspot.

Resumen El tráfico ilegal de vida silvestre tiene repercusiones negativas en la conservación de la biodiversidad a nivel global y también local. Por ello, el establecimiento de medidas oportunas de conservación requiere de estudios locales que cuantifiquen dicho problema. El objetivo de este trabajo fue cuantificar y caracterizar las especies de aves y mamíferos incautadas en el periodo 2016-2017, en el Centro de Rescate y Refugio de Vida Silvestre Valle Alto (Manabí, Ecuador). El estudio mostró que 212 ejemplares pertenecientes a 41 especies diferentes fueron confiscados. Se decomisaron más aves que mamíferos y una mayor proporción de aves estaban incluidas en alguna categoría de amenaza a nivel nacional e internacional. Se encontró una clara preferencia por primates, loros y ardillas. Además, la presencia de especies con un rango de distribución fuera del área de estudio reveló la existencia del transporte de especies desde otras zonas del país. Si bien estos datos son solo una muestra de lo que realmente se trafica en el país, dan una aproximación del tipo de especies que se trafican ilegalmente en este hotspot de biodiversidad.

https://doi.org/10.17163/lgr.n35.2022.03 182 downloads

Isolation and characterization of one autochthonous Beauveria sp. isolate from Cuban fields
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Machín Suárez, A

; del Pozo Núñez, EM

; García Cruz, I

; Héctor Ardisana, EF

; Domínguez, Y

; Guerrero-Morales, S

; Chávez Medina, JA

; Escobedo Bonilla, CM

; Pérez-Álvarez, S

Biotecnia

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apr 2022, Volume 24 N. 1 Pages 142 - 150

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El género Beauveria comprende un grupo cosmopolita teleomórfico y anamórfico de hongos entomopatógenos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar un nuevo aislado de Beauveria sp. en comparación con la cepa comercial cubana LBB-1. El aislamiento se obtuvo de diez individuos de Atta insularis y diez adultos del barrenador del café (Hypotenemus hampei), respectivamente. Se cultivó en medio sólido SDAY enriquecido con 1% de extracto de levadura. Se determinó la eficacia biológica del aislado sobre C. formicarius. El ADN se aisló usando el método CTAB y se amplificó la región de espaciador interno transcrito usando los cebadores ITS1 e ITS4. La secuencia consenso obtenida se depositó en GenBank (MK246940) y se utilizó para análisis filogenético. El aislado de Beauveria sp. mostró diferencias en sus características morfológicas; sin embargo, mostró una baja variabilidad genética con respecto a los aislamientos mundiales de B. bassiana. En cuanto a su eficacia biológica, el aislado demostró ser virulento sobre los adultos fitófagos, alcanzando el 50% de mortalidad. Se identificaron cuatro clados y la topología politómica recuperada para el clado 1 indica una alta similitud genética (99-96%) con Beauveria bassiana de varios países. La caracterización morfológica y molecular permitió identificar con precisión la especie del nuevo aislado.

Summary The genus Beauveria comprises a cosmopolitan teleomorphic and anamorphic group of entomopathogenic fungi. The aim of this study was to characterize a new isolate of Beauveria sp. and compare it to the LBB-1 commercial Cuban strain. The isolate was collected from ten individuals of the ant Atta insularis and ten adults of the coffee borer (Hypotenemus hampei). It was cultivated on solid SDAY medium enriched with 1% yeast extract. The biological effectiveness of the isolate was determined on C. formicarius. DNA was isolated using the CTAB method and the internal transcribed spacer region was amplified using the primers ITS1 and ITS 4. The consensus sequence obtained was deposited in GenBank (MK246940) and used for phylogenetic analysis. The isolate of Beauveria sp. showed differences in morphological characteristics; however, it showed low genetic variability regarding worldwide isolates of B. bassiana. Concerning its biological effectiveness, the isolate demonstrated to be virulent on the phytophagous adults, producing 50% mortality. Four clades were identified and the polytomous topology recovered for clade 1 indicates high genetic similarity (99-96%) with Beauveria bassiana from several countries. The morphological and molecular characterization made it possible to accurately identify the new isolate as Beauveria bassiana.

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v24i1.1553 9 downloads

Phytochemical analysis and antidiabetic, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of leaves of Bursera simaruba (Burseraceae)
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Infante-Rodríguez, Dennis Adrián

; Landa-Cansigno, Cristina

; Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Angélica

; Murrieta-León, Diana Lizzet

; Reyes-López, Celeste

; Castillejos-Pérez, Adriana Belén

; Pucheta-Fiscal, José Efrain

; Velázquez-Narváez, Alberto Carlos

; Monribot-Villanueva, Juan Luis

; Guerrero-Analco, José Antonio

Acta botánica mexicana

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2022, N. 129 elocation e2109

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las hojas de Bursera simaruba se utilizan tradicionalmente para tratar diversas enfermedades. Sin embargo, existen pocos reportes sobre la descripción de los fitoquímicos potencialmente responsables de tales actividades biológicas. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el potencial antifúngico, antibacteriano y antidiabético mediante experimentos in vitro, así como contribuir al conocimiento de la composición química de las hojas de B. simaruba. Métodos: Se analizó la actividad antibacteriana, antifúngica y antidiabética de un extracto metanólico (MeOH-Ex) de hojas de B. simaruba, y se detectaron diferentes grupos de metabolitos secundarios mediante ensayos cualitativos. Además, el análisis fitoquímico de MeOH-Ex se determinó con cromatografía líquida de ultra alta resolución acoplada a espectrometría de masas de alta resolución (UHPLC-ESI+-MS-QTOF), y las identificaciones putativas se realizaron utilizando bases de datos espectrales públicas. Resultados clave: El MeOH-Ex de las hojas de B. simaruba contiene cualitativamente alcaloides, terpenos y esteroides, saponinas, taninos, cumarinas y compuestos fenólicos, tales como ácido cafeico, ácido clorogénico, apigenina, kaempferol, florizina, quercitrina, quercetina-glucósido y apigenina-glucósido. Además, se identificaron tentativamente los lignanos burseran y yatein. El MeOH-Ex exhibió una baja actividad antifúngica contra Fusarium solani (16.3% de inhibición del crecimiento micelial) y un alto efecto antidiabético por inhibición in vitro de las enzimas α-amilasa (87.7%) y α-glucosidasa (75.9%). Finalmente, el estándar de ácido clorogénico mostró una inhibición significativa de las enzimas α-amilasa (49.5%) y α-glucosidasa (85.1%). Conclusiones: El MeOH-Ex de las hojas de B. simaruba representa una fuente de metabolitos secundarios con potencial actividad antidiabética. Los compuestos fenólicos tentativamente identificados podrían desempeñar un papel importante en la prevención de trastornos por hiperglucemia posprandial al inhibir las enzimas α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa. Destaca la presencia de ácido clorogénico como uno de los principales compuestos bioactivos potenciales en las hojas de B. simaruba.

Abstract: Background and Aims: Bursera simaruba leaves are traditionally used to treat various illnesses. Nonetheless, there are few reports on the description of the phytochemicals potentially responsible for such biological activities. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the antifungal, antibacterial, and antidiabetic potential by using in vitro experiments, and to contribute to the knowledge of the chemical composition of B. simaruba leaves. Methods: A methanolic extract (MeOH-Ex) of B. simaruba leaves was tested for antibacterial, antifungal, and antidiabetic activities, and different groups of secondary metabolites were detected by qualitative assays. Furthermore, phytochemical analysis of MeOH-Ex was carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI+-MS-QTOF), and putative identifications were performed using public spectral databases. Key results: The MeOH-Ex of the leaves of B. simaruba qualitatively contains alkaloids, terpenes and steroids, saponins, tannins, coumarins and phenolic compounds, such as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, apigenin, kaempferol, phlorizin, quercitrin, quercetin-glucoside and apigenin-glycoside. In addition, burseran and yatein lignans were tentatively identified. MeOH-Ex exhibited low antifungal activity against Fusarium solani (16.3% mycelial growth inhibition) and a high antidiabetic effect by in vitro inhibition of α-amylase (87.7%) and α-glucosidase (75.9%) enzymes. Finally, chlorogenic acid standard exhibited a significant inhibition of α-amylase (49.5%) and α-glucosidase (85.1%) enzymes. Conclusions: The MeOH-Ex of B. simaruba leaves represents a source of secondary metabolites with potential antidiabetic activity. The phenolic compounds tentatively identified could play important roles in preventing disorders due to post-prandial hyperglycemia by inhibiting the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Chlorogenic acid presence is highlighted as one of the main potential bioactive compounds in B. simaruba leaves.

https://doi.org/10.21829/abm129.2022.2109

Guía de práctica clínica mexicana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias y enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica
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Pavía-López, Abel A.

; Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Ruiz-Gastelum, Edith D.

; Mayorga-Butrón, José L.

; Mehta, Roopa

; Díaz-Aragón, Filiberto A.

; Aldrete-Velasco, Jorge A.

; López-Juárez, Nitzia

; Cruz-Bautista, Ivette

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Secchi-Nicolás, Nikos C.

; Guerrero-Martínez, Francisco J.

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Mendoza-Zubieta, Victoria

; Fanghänel-Salmon, Guillermo

; Valdivia-Proa, Martha

; Olmos-Domínguez, Luis

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

; Dávila-Maldonado, Luis

; Vázquez-Rangel, Armando

; Pavia-Aubry, Vanina

; Nava-Hernández, María de los A.

; Hinojosa-Becerril, Carlos A.

; Anda-Garay, Juan C.

; Ríos-Ibarra, Manuel O. de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Tapia-Hernández, Mónica

; Cano-Nigenda, Claudia V.

; Guerra-López, Arturo

; Elías-López, Josué

; Figueroa-Morales, Marco A.

; Montaño-Velázquez, Bertha B.

; Velasco-Hidalgo, Liliana

; Rodríguez-Lozano, Ana L.

; Pimentel-Hernández, Claudia

; Baquero-Hoyos, María M.

; Romero-Moreno, Felipe

; Rodríguez-Vega, Mario

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2022, Volume 92 Suppl. 1 Pages 1 - 62

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and Mexico is no exception. The epidemiological data obtained in 1990 showed that cardiovascular diseases represented 19.8% of all causes of death in our country. This figure increased significantly to 25.5% for 2015. Some national surveys suggest that more than 60% of the adult population has at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease (obesity or overweight, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemias). On the other hand, data from the Pan American Health Organization have linked the process of atherosclerosis as the first cause of premature death, significantly reducing life expectancy, which has enormous social repercussions. Objective: This document constitutes the Clinical Practice Guide (CPG) prepared at the initiative of the Mexican Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the Mexican Society of Nutrition and Endocrinology, AC, National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico, AC, Mexican Association for the Prevention of Atherosclerosis and its Complications, AC, National Normative Committee of General Medicine, AC, National College of Geriatric Medicine, AC, College of Internal Medicine of Mexico, AC, Mexican Society of Angiology and Vascular and Endovenous Surgery, AC, Mexican Institute of Research Nephrological, AC and the Mexican Academy of Neurology, A.C.; with the methodological support of the Ibero-American Agency for the Development and Evaluation of Health Technologies, in order to establish recommendations based on the best available evidence and agreed upon by an interdisciplinary group of experts. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations to help decision makers in the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemias in our country. Material and methods: This document complies with international quality standards, such as those described by the Institute of Medicine of the USA, the Institute of Clinical Excellence of Great Britain, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network and the Guidelines International Network. A multidisciplinary group of clinical experts and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and the development of clinical practice guidelines was formed. A scope document was agreed upon, relevant clinical questions were established, the best available evidence critically evaluated in systematic literature reviews was exhaustively identified, and clinical recommendations were developed. The modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to achieve an adequate level of consensus in each of the recommendations contained in this CPG. Results: 23 clinical questions were agreed upon which gave rise to their respective clinical recommendations. Conclusions: We consider that this document contributes to better clinical decision-making and becomes a point of reference for clinicians and patients in the management of dyslipidemias and this contributes to reducing the morbidity and mortality derived from atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in our country.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m22000081 1458 downloads

Estudios globales sobre el cadmio en relación con Theobroma cacao: Un análisis bibliométrico desde Scopus (1996 -2020)
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García, Ligia

; Angulo Castro, Fabio

; Hernández-Amasifuen, Angel David

; Corazon-Guivin, Mike Anderson

; Alburquerque Vásquez, Javier

; Guerrero-Abad, Juan Carlos

; Arellanos, Erick

; Veneros, Jaris

; Rojas B., Nilton B.

; Chavez Quintana, Segundo

; Oliva, Manuel

Scientia Agropecuaria

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oct 2021, Volume 12 N. 4 Pages 611 - 623

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The maximum cadmium tolerance standards were established by the European Union in 2014, for the importation of cocoa-based products, causing concern in the countries. Global studies onTheobroma cacaoresearch related to cadmium activity in the atmosphere were analyzed. Bibliometric analyses in R and VOSviewer programs were used to examine 64 documents published in the Scopus database according to keywords. We identified 811 keywords in the co-occurrence of terms, 5 thematic groups in the bibliographic coupling, 20 institutions as most important affiliations, 20 countries of origin of corresponding authors, 112 institutions in co-authorship network of which 5 are in primary documents, and two groups in thematic similarity in co-citation of documents. The United States leads the scientific production with 11 papers, followed by Colombia (8) and Ecuador (7). In 1996, the first scientific article was registered for the network, with increases of up to 11 publications by 2020. In conclusion, the need to strengthen and create more research networks between countries, institutions, authors, and co-authors is evident. It is hoped that the results will allow a comprehensive unraveling of the cadmium-cocoa research trajectory, while at the same time yielding new prospective research.

Resumen En el año 2014, la Unión Europea impuso estándares máximos de tolerancia en cadmio, para la importación de productos a base de cacao, causando preocupación en los países. Se analizó estudios globales referidos a investigaciones en Theobroma cacao, relacionados con la actividad del cadmio en la atmósfera. Se utilizaron análisis bibliométricos en los programas R y VOSviewer, para examinar 64 documentos publicados en la base de datos Scopus según palabras clave. Se identificaron 811 palabras clave en coocurrencias de términos, 5 grupos temáticos en acoplamiento bibliográfico, 20 instituciones como afiliaciones más importantes, 20 países de procedencia de autores corresponsales, 112 instituciones en red de coautoría de los cuales 5 están en documentos primarios, y dos grupos en similaridad temática en co-citación de documentos. Estados Unidos lidera la producción científica con 11 documentos, seguido de Colombia (8) y Ecuador (7). En 1996 se registró el primer artículo científico para la red, con incrementos de hasta 11 publicaciones al 2020. En conclusión, se evidencia la necesidad de fortalecer y crear más redes de investigaciones entre países, instituciones, autores y coautores. Se espera que los resultados permitan desentrañar de manera integral la trayectoria de investigaciones cadmio-cacao, al tiempo que arrojen nuevas investigaciones prospectivas.

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.065

External morphological stages and protein variations along with the embryonic development of the longarm river prawn Macrobrachium tenellum (Smith, 1871)
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García-Guerrero, Marcelo U.

; Mateos-Guerrero, Dulce M.

; Alpuche-Osorno, Juan J.

; Santos-Romero, Rodolfo B. De los

Latin american journal of aquatic research

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may 2021, Volume 49 N. 2 Pages 202 - 211

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT A good understanding of a given species' embryology is important to settle the larval rearing bases when juveniles are required for culture purposes or conservation programs. Changes in embryonic morphology, protein concentration, and protein type occurring in prawn eggs were analyzed in the present work. Berried females of Macrobrachium tenellum were collected in the Colotepec River, Oaxaca, Mexico. The eggs were taken from the ovigerous mass and embryonic stages classified by their color. Morphological changes in the embryos allowed identifying six embryonic stages based on color, egg size, and morphological features. Determinations of the protein extract were executed in SDS-PAGE (electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels) and, subsequently, proteomic analyses were also performed. Protein bands along embryonic development and their molecular weights are presented and commented.

https://doi.org/10.3856/vol49-issue2-fulltext-2605 79 downloads

Diseño, elaboración y validación de un simulador realista y de bajo costo para exploración cardiaca
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Sánchez-Vásquez, Ulises

; Daniel-Guerrero, Alba B.

; Méndez-Gutiérrez, Eduardo

; Morales-López, Sara

; Tovar-Lozano, Isabel I.

; Martínez-Rodríguez, Marco A.

; Uribe-Campos, Israel E.

Gaceta médica de México

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feb 2021, Volume 157 N. 1 Pages 25 - 29

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Heart exploration is an essential clinical competence that requires continuous training and exposure. Low availability and accessibility to patients with heart disease constitutes a barrier to acquiring this competence. Inadequate cardiac auscultation skills in medical students, residents, and graduate physicians have been documented. Objective: To develop and validate a low-cost, high-fidelity simulator for heart exploration. Methods: A low-cost, high-fidelity heart examination simulator capable of reproducing normal cardiac sounds was designed and developed. Subsequently, the simulator was validated by a group of experts who gave their opinion according to a Likert scale. Results: Ninety-four percent agreed that the simulator motivates the learning of heart exploration, and 92 % considered it to be a realistic model; 91 % considered that the simulator is an attractive tool to reinforce learning and 98 % recommended its further use. Conclusions: The use of the simulator facilitates the acquisition of skills and stimulates learning in the student, which can be attributed to repeated practice, longer exposure time and cognitive interaction.

Resumen Introducción: La exploración cardiaca es una competencia clínica fundamental que requiere exposición o entrenamiento continuo. La baja disponibilidad y accesibilidad de pacientes con patología cardiaca constituye una barrera para adquirir esta competencia. Se han documentado inadecuadas habilidades de auscultación cardiaca en estudiantes de medicina, residentes y médicos graduados. Objetivo: Elaborar y validar un simulador de alta fidelidad y bajo costo para exploración cardiaca. Métodos: Se diseñó y elaboró un simulador para exploración cardiaca, realista y de bajo costo capaz de reproducir ruidos cardiacos normales. Posteriormente se realizó la validación del simulador por un grupo de expertos que emitieron su opinión de acuerdo con una escala tipo Likert. Resultados: El 94 % afirmó que el simulador motiva el aprendizaje de la exploración cardiaca y 92 % lo consideró un modelo realista; 91 % consideró que el simulador es una herramienta atractiva para fortalecer el aprendizaje y 98 % recomendó seguir utilizándolo. Conclusiones: El uso del simulador facilita la adquisición de competencias y estimula el aprendizaje en el estudiante, lo cual puede ser atribuido a la práctica deliberada, a un mayor tiempo de exposición y a la interacción cognitiva.

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.20005688 236 downloads

Capillary electrophoresis as a tool for genotyping SH3 mediated coffee leaf rust resistance
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Gutiérrez-Calle, Savina A.

; Sánchez-Díaz, Rosa A.

; Delgado-Silva, Yolanda B.

; Montenegro, Juan D.

; Gutiérrez, Dina L.

; Maicelo-Quintana, Jorge L.

; Guerrero-Abad, Juan C.

Scientia Agropecuaria

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jan 2021, Volume 12 N. 1 Pages 91 - 99

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Coffee is an important agricultural commodity in the world. However, it is susceptible to Hemileia vastatrix (Hv), an obligatory biotrophic fungus that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR). Natural resistance to rust has been identified in the wild species Coffea canephora and Coffea liberica. These species have been used in breeding programs where interspecific resistant hybrids have been generated. The SH3 gene, derived from C. liberica, has been shown to confer extreme and long-lasting resistance to Hv. A total of 167 accessions of the INIA’s Coffee Germplasm Collection of Peru (INIA-CGC) were screened with 4 markers linked to the SH3 gene. As positive controls, EA67 (C. liberica) and the hybrid S.288 (C. arabica x C. liberica) were used. Separation of PCR products was done by capillary electrophoresis, which allow to discriminate the alleles of each marker. For three markers, specific alleles for either C. arabica or C. liberica species were found. In all cases, S.288 exhibited specific alleles for both species; whereas the INIA-CGC accessions had exclusively C. arabica alleles and EA67 had C. liberica alleles. The BA-48-21O-f marker did not produce PCR fragments for any of the positive controls, suggesting that this marker is not as predictive as the other three to determine the presence of SH3. This work reports the existence of multiple alleles for the Sat244 marker; however, the collection does not have the SH3 mediated-resistance gene. Finally, the utility of capillary electrophoresis as a tool to identify alleles linked to SH3 was demonstrated.

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.011

10.

Evaluation of Technical Feasibility of Reusing Coal Ash in Dense Asphalt Mixes by Assessing Mechanical Performance
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BARRA, BRENO

; MOMM, LETO

; GUERRERO, YADER

; MIKOWSKI, ALEXANDRE

; CLARA, ESTÉFANI

; NGUYEN, MAI-LAN

; HUGHES, GARY B.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20201662

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This manuscript evaluates the technical feasibility of reusing coal ash in the formulation design of dense asphalt mixes. Physicochemical and mineralogical properties of fly and bottom ash matrixes prepared with coal ash were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), semi-quantitative spectrometry by X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) and surface characterization by Nitrogen (N2) adsorption. Filler fractions under 0.075 mm with 6.0% in weight from an entirely gneissic aggregate gradation curve taken as reference were compared to identical mixes prepared with fly and bottom ashes individually and also to a combined sample with 3.0% of each ash type. Tests on compaction ability with gyratory shear press, resistance to action of water and to rutting were carried out to compare mechanical performance. The results indicate that both gneissic and coal ash fillers do not form dipoles of effective electric attractions to bituminous matrixes, resulting in inert and hydrophilic behavior regarding to action of water, respectively. Despite surface and morphologic characteristics underlying the mechanical performance of gneissic fillers, coal ash matrixes have shown, in general, good technical feasibility to be used in asphalt mixes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201662 1 downloads

11.

Efectividad de un tratamiento acortado con sulfato de magnesio para prevención de eclampsia durante el puerperio
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Gutiérrez-Vela, Omar

; Nava-Guerrero, Eduardo Noé

; Caballero-Flores, Isidro

; López-Mora, Dania Yedith

; Cisneros-Rivera, Fidel

; Perales-Dávila, José

Ginecología y obstetricia de México

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2021, Volume 89 N. 11 Pages 865 - 874

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the administration of a shortened treatment of less than 8 h with magnesium sulfate during the puerperium is effective to prevent eclampsia and to achieve some other advantages. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional, comparative, retrospective, case series study performed at the Hospital Regional Materno Infantil of Nuevo León, Mexico, from February 2019 to January 2020. Inclusion criteria: patients with singleton pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia with data of severity or chronic hypertension with severe over-added preeclampsia who were administered magnesium sulfate as prophylaxis for eclampsia before birth and subsequently continued its administration in the puerperium. The patients were divided into two groups according to the hours that they received magnesium sulfate during the puerperium: group A: shortened treatment of less than 8 h and group B: with a schedule of more than 8 h. The proportions were compared by using the test for the proportion of patients who received magnesium sulfate during the puerperium. To compare proportions, we used the . A value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: 379 participants were analyzed: 76 in group A and 303 in group B. No cases of eclampsia were recorded in both groups. Hours to initiate breastfeeding, ambulation, Foley tube stay and intensive care were significantly lower in the shortened treatment group (14.1 vs 26.06; p = .000), (15.1 vs 26.24; p = .000), (14.5 vs 25.3; p = 000), (13.8 vs 23.1; p = .000), respectively. No difference in neonatal complications was observed. CONCLUSION: Administration of a shortened course of magnesium sulfate during the puerperium is as effective as a longer course of 8 h for prevention of eclampsia.

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar si la administración de un tratamiento acortado, menor de 8 h, con sulfato de magnesio durante el puerperio es efectivo para prevenir eclampsia y conseguir algunas otras ventajas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de serie de casos, retrospectivo, transversal y comparativo efectuado en el Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Nuevo León, México, de febrero de 2019 a enero de 2020. Criterios de inclusión: pacientes con embarazo único complicado con preeclampsia con datos de severidad o hipertensión crónica con preeclampsia severa sobreagregada a quienes se administró sulfato de magnesio como profilaxis para eclampsia antes del nacimiento y que, posteriormente, continuaron su administración en el puerperio. Las pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos según las horas que recibieron sulfato de magnesio durante el puerperio: grupo A: tratamiento acortado menor de 8 h y grupo B: con esquema de más de 8 h. Para comparar proporciones se utilizó la prueba de χ2. Se consideró con significación estadística el valor de p ≤ 0.05. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 379 participantes: 76 en el grupo A y 303 en el B. No se registró ningún caso de eclampsia en ambos grupos. Las horas para iniciar la lactancia, deambulación, permanencia de la sonda Foley y en cuidados intensivos fueron significativamente menores en el grupo de tratamiento acortado (14.1 vs 26.06; p =.000), (15.1 vs 26.24; p = .000), (14.5 vs 25.3; p = 000), (13.8 vs 23.1; p = .000), respectivamente. No se observó diferencia en las complicaciones neonatales. CONCLUSIÓN: La administración de un tratamiento acortado de sulfato de magnesio durante el puerperio es igual de efectivo que un tratamiento mayor de 8 h para prevención de eclampsia.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v89i11.6802 98 downloads

12.

Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de tosferina que son atendidos en urgencias de un hospital de tercer nivel
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Marín Andrés, Marta

; Gutiérrez Sánchez, Aída Mª

; Guerrero Laleona, Carmelo

; Bustillo Alonso, Matilde

; Gómez Barrena, Virginia

; Campos Calleja, Carmen

Pediatría Atención Primaria

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dec 2020, Volume 22 N. 88 Pages e197 - e201

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Introduction: the aim of the study was to analyse the clinical characteristics, diagnostic tests performed and treatment used in patients with pertussis evaluated in the paediatric emergency setting. Material and methods: we conducted a retrospective descriptive study of patients with pertussis that sought care in the paediatric emergency department of a tertiary care hospital between March 2014 and October 2017. Results: the sample included 89 patients with a mean age of 1.67 ± 2.9 years. Of the total, 98.9% presented with cough, 33% with inspiratory whoop and 34.8% with apnoea. Sixty-four percent of cases occurred in the context of an epidemic of cough or pertussis. The mean number of emergency visits made during a single episode of disease was 1.4. The most frequent diagnoses in the initial emergency visit were cough (36%), suspected pertussis (22.5%), upper respiratory tract infection (19.1%) and bronchiolitis (9%). Fifty-six patients were admitted to hospital (62.9%) with a mean age of 0.38 ± 1.2 years. Cultures for detection of Bordetella were performed in 88 cases (positive for B. pertussis in 38 and B. parapertussis in 3), and PCR tests in 73 (positive for B. pertussis in 70 and B. parapertussis in 3). Conclusions: the diagnosis of pertussis is usually challenging, as its initial symptoms are nonspecific. Early diagnosis is essential for early initiation of treatment and adequate contact prophylaxis.

Introducción: se analizan las características clínicas, pruebas complementarias y tratamientos recibidos por los pacientes con diagnóstico de tosferina que son valorados en Urgencias de Pediatría. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los casos de tosferina que consultaron en Urgencias de Pediatría de un hospital de tercer nivel entre marzo de 2014 y octubre de 2017. Resultados: se analizaron 89 casos (55% mujeres) con edad media de 1,67 ± 2,9 años. El 98,9% presentó tos, el 33% gallo inspiratorio y el 34,8% apneas. En el 64% de los casos había entorno epidémico de tos o tosferina. La media de visitas en urgencias durante el mismo proceso fue 1,4. Diagnósticos más frecuentes en la primera visita a urgencias: tos (36%), sospecha de tosferina (22,5%), infección respiratoria de vías altas (19,1%) y bronquiolitis (9%). Ingresaron 56 pacientes (62,9%), con una edad media de 0,38 ± 1,2 años. Se realizó cultivo para Bordetella en 88 casos (positivo para B. pertussis en 38 y B. parapertussis en tres) y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en 73 (positivo para B. pertussis en 70 y B. parapertussis en tres). Conclusiones: el diagnóstico de tosferina habitualmente es difícil, ya que la sintomatología inicialmente es inespecífica. El diagnóstico precoz es fundamental para iniciar un tratamiento inmediato y realizar una adecuada profilaxis de contactos.

13.

Design, Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of Novel Isoniazid-Cyclic-Amine-Azachalcones Hybrids
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Oliveira, Jefferson R. S.

; Shiguemoto, Cristiane Y. K.

; Neves, Amarith R. das

; Moreira, Flora M. F.

; Gomes, Giovana B.

; Perdomo, Renata T.

; Barbosa, Sandro L.

; Guerrero Jr., Palimécio G.

; Croda, Júlio

; Baroni, Adriano C. M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2020, Volume 31 N. 6 Pages 1284 - 1295

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this work, it is described the design of twenty-four heterocyclic amine-azachalcones compounds through molecular hybridization of chalcone scaffold and fragments of isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, and linezolid with antituberculosis potential. The new compounds were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation, providing yields of 36-95%. Fifteen compounds showed antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Two amine-azachalcones 15 and 17 showed relevant biological activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 6.62 and 4.85 µM, respectively. Compound 12 showed the best profile of antitubercular activity with MIC = 9.54 µM and selectivity index (SI) = 9.33. It was found that morpholine group is important to increase potency of antimycobacterial activity but also to add some toxicity to the chalcone molecular framework. The results described herein would be a guide in the designing of novel and optimized antitubercular derivatives based on the chalcone scaffold.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200013 417 downloads

14.

Factores asociados a resultados funcionales en pacientes con ictus isquémico tratados con trombolisis endovenosa en un hospital del Perú.
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Gallo-Guerrero, Marla L.

; Zevallos, Cynthia B.

; Quiñones, Miguel

Revista de Neuro-Psiquiatría

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apr 2020, Volume 83 N. 2 Pages 79 - 86

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY Objective: To describe the treatment of acute ischemic strokes with intravenous rtPA and determine the factors associated with the functional outcomes of patients treated with thrombolysis in a Peruvian hospital. Material and Methods: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study of patients with ischemic stroke who received rtPA over a period of 3 years was performed. The association of demographic and clinical data with functional status was assessed 3 months after the intervention. Simple and multivariate Poisson regression models were performed to evaluate associations with functional prognosis, and Relative Risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as a measure of association. Results: During the study period, 74 patients (1.19% of the total) received IV thrombolysis, and 68.18% of them achieved functional independence (mRS 0-2) at 90 days. We found a mortality of 6%, an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) rate of 3%. Glycemia >140 mg/dl (OR 5.12; 1.31-20.02; p = 0.019), and posterior circulation infarcts (OR 7.47; 1.01-55.15; p = 0,04) were associated with an increased risk of functional dependency. Conclusions: In the studied cohort, most of the patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy achieved a functional independence at 3 months. Hyperglycemia (>140gr/dl) and vertebro-basilar infarcts were associated with an increased risk of functional dependence.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir el tratamiento del ictus isquémico agudo con reperfusión endovenosa y determinar los factores asociados al rendimiento funcional de pacientes sometidos a trombolisis en un hospital peruano. Material y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo y longitudinal de una cohorte de pacientes con ictus isquémico que recibieron rtPA en un periodo de 3 años. Se evaluó la relación entre datos demográficos y clínicos y el estado funcional a los 3 meses de la intervención. La asociación del pronóstico funcional se valoró mediante el modelo de regresión simple y multivariado de Poisson, y el Riesgo Relativo (RR) con un intervalo de confianza (IC) al 95%, como medida de asociación. Resultados: Durante el periodo del estudio, 74 pacientes (1.19% del total) recibieron el tratamiento. El 68,18% logró independencia funcional (mRS 0-2) a los 90 días. La mortalidad fue de 6 % y un 3% mostró hemorragia intracerebral (HIC). Glicemia >140 mg/dl (OR 5,12; 1,31-20,02; p=0,019) e infarto de tipo posterior (OR 7,47; 1,01-55,15; p =0,04) se asociaron a un mayor riesgo de dependencia funcional. Conclusiones: En la cohorte estudiada, la mayoría de los pacientes alcanzaron independencia funcional a los 3 meses de tratamiento trombolítico. La hiperglicemia (>140gr/dl) y el infarto vertebro-basilar se asociaron con un mayor riesgo de dependencia funcional.

https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v83i2.3750

15.

Evaluación in vitro de productos químicos no convencionales para el control de Penicillium citrinum
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González-Estrada, R.R.

; Vega-Arreguín, J.

; Robles Villanueva, B. A.

; Velázquez-Estrada, R.M.

; Ramos-Guerrero, A.

; Gutiérrez-Martínez, P.

Polibotánica

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2020, N. 49 Pages 161 - 172

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Garlic (Allium sativum L.), is a crop that is exposed to the attack by important pathogens of the genus Penicillium causing significant economic losses. In this study, P. citrinum was isolated and identified by molecular tools. The antifungal capacity of hydrogen peroxide, SP, BS and chitosan treatments applied individually (mycelial growth and germination) at different concentrations as well as their combinations (taking into account the results of the individual application) for controlling in vitro of P. citrinum in terms of mycelial growth, sporulation and germination. The application of 0.5% H2O2, 3% SB and 1% chitosan were effective in inhibiting the development of the pathogen (100%). Synergistic effects of the treatments were observed when they were applied in combination with chitosan at low concentration (0.05%). Thus, the treatments evaluated in this study can be a viable and eco-friendly alternative for controlling P. citrinum in garlic.

Resumen: El ajo (Allium sativum L.) es un cultivo que esta expuesto al ataque de patógenos del género Penicillium provocando pérdidas económicas importantes. En este estudio, P. citrinum fue aislado a partir de tejidos de ajo e identificado mediante herramientas moleculares. Se evaluó la capacidad antifúngica de tratamientos de peróxido de hidrógeno, SP, BS y quitosano aplicado de forma individual (crecimiento micelial y germinación) a diferentes concentraciones, así como sus combinaciones (tomando en cuenta los resultados de la aplicación individual) en el control in vitro de P. citrinum en términos de crecimiento micelial, esporulación y germinación. La aplicación de, H2O2 al 0.5%, el BS al 3% y el quitosano al 1% resultaron efectivos en la inhibición (100%) del desarrollo del patógeno. Se observó un efecto sinérgico de los tratamientos evaluados en combinación a baja concentración de quitosano (0.05%). Por lo tanto, los tratamientos evaluados pueden ser una alternativa viable y amigable con el medio ambiente el control de P. citrinum en ajo.

https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.49.11 565 downloads

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