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Resumen Antecedentes: El cáncer de células pequeñas (CPCP) representa el 13-15% del total de neoplasias primarias de pulmón. Se caracteriza por su rapidez en la tasa de crecimiento y en el desarrollo de metástasis a distancia. Objetivos: Orientar y estandarizar el tratamiento del CPCP enfermedad extensa en México basado en evidencia clínica nacional e internacional. Material y métodos: Este documento se desarrolló como una colaboración del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología y la Sociedad Mexicana de Oncología en cumplimiento con estándares internacionales. Se integró un grupo conformado por oncólogos médicos, cirujanos oncólogos, cirujanos de tórax, radio-oncólogos y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y guías de práctica clínica. Resultados: Se consensaron, por el método Delphi y en reuniones a distancia, las recomendaciones en CPCP enfermedad extensa, producto de preguntas de trabajo. Se identificó y evaluó la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de dichas preguntas clínicas antes de incorporarla al cuerpo de la guía. Conclusión: Esta guía proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el manejo de la enfermedad extensa del CPCP y durante el proceso de toma de decisiones de los clínicos involucrados con su manejo en nuestro país para mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica para estos pacientes.

Abstract Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 13-15% of all primary lung neoplasms and is characterized by its rapid growth rate and the rapid development of distant metastases. Objectives: To guide and standardize the treatment of extensive disease small cell lung cancer in Mexico based on national and international clinical evidence. Material and methods: This document was developed as a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute and the Mexican Society of Oncology in compliance with international standards. An interdisciplinary group was formed, including medical oncologists, oncological surgeons, thoracic surgeons, radiation oncologists, and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and clinical practice guidelines. Results: A consensus was reached, both by the Delphi method and in remote meetings, of extensive disease recommendations resulting from work questions. The scientific evidence that answers each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated, before being incorporated into the body of evidence of the Guide. Conclusions: This Clinical Practice Guide provides clinical recommendations for the management of extensive disease of SCLC to contribute to the decision-making process of the clinicians involved with its management in our country, hoping that this will contribute to improving the quality of clinical care in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000122

Crecimiento corporal, composición proximal del músculo y parámetros hematológicos de juveniles de Colossoma macropomum alimentados con una dieta exclusivamente vegetal en comparación con una dieta con bajo contenido de harina de pescado
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Grande Fernández, Brenda Carolina

; Amaringo Cortegano, Carlos Andre

; Villanueva Chávez, César Augusto

; Uribe Gonçalves, Ligia

; Bezada Quintana, Sandra Gracia

; Carcelén Cáceres, Fernando Demetrio

; López Guerra, Sofía

Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 2 elocation e23524

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a vegetable diet compared to a diet containing fishmeal at the commercial level (6%) on bodygrowth, proximal composition offillets and haematological parameters of juvenil gamitana (Colossoma macropomum). The experiment followed a completely randomized design with two treatments, an exclusively vegetable diet and a diet with low fishmeal content (6%), and three 200 m3 dug earthen ponds as experimental units per treatment. A total of 1200 fish (172.9 g;19.4 cm) distributed in the six ponds (1 fish/m3) were used. Feeding was done twice a day (08:00 and 16:00) at a daily feeding rate of 2% for 60 days. The water quality parameters were monitored daily and showed constant values and within the comfort range of the species. The exclusively vegetable diet had a similar effect as the fishmeal diet on body growth [final weight 258.9 g, weight gain 86.1 g, supplied feed 128.4 g, feed conversion 1.24, relative growth rate 1.74%/day, factor of condition 1.91, 0% mortality], the proximal composition of fillets [moisture 77.90%, ash 1.39%, protein 18.98%, lipid 0.86%], as well as in the hematological parameters. It is concluded that an exclusively vegetable diet can be used for the rearing of juvenile gamitana, contributing to the sustainability of its production and reduction of feeding costs.

RESUMEN El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de una dieta vegetal en comparación con una dieta conteniendo harina de pescado al nivel comercial (6%) sobre el crecimiento corporal, composición proximal del músculo y parámetros hematológicos de juveniles de gamitana (Colossoma macropomum). El experimento siguió un diseño completamente al azar con dos tratamientos, una dieta exclusivamente vegetal y una dieta con bajo contenido de harina de pescado (6%), y tres estanques de tierra excavados de 200 m3 como unidades experimentales por tratamiento. Se trabajó con 1200 peces (172.9 g; 19.4 cm) distribuidos en los seis estanques (1 pez/m3). La alimentación se hizo dos veces al día (08:00 y 16:00) a una tasa de alimentación diaria de 2% durante 60 días. Los parámetros de calidad de agua fueron monitoreados diariamente y mostraron valores constantes y dentro del rango de confort de la especie. La dieta exclusivamente vegetal causó similar efecto que la dieta con harina de pescado sobre el crecimiento corporal [peso final 258.9 g, ganancia de peso 86.1 g, alimento ofrecido 128.4 g, conversión alimenticia 1.24, tasa de crecimiento relativo 1.74%/día, factor de condición 1.91, 0% de mortalidad], la composición proximal del músculo [humedad 77.90%, cenizas 1.39%, proteínas 18.98%, lípidos 0.86%], así como en los parámetros hematológicos. Se concluye que una dieta exclusivamente vegetal puede ser utilizada para la crianza de juveniles de gamitana contribuyendo a la sostenibilidad de su producción y reducción de costos por alimentación.

https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v34i2.23524

Factores del estrabismo incomitante para mejorar el pronóstico de los casos
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Buitrón, Sandra

; Rodríguez-Guerra, Andrea

Vive Revista de Salud

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apr 2023, Volume 6 N. 16 Pages 195 - 204

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMEN El estrabismo es una alteración de la visión binocular, es decir, la pérdida de paralelismo de los ejes visuales. Las personas que padecen estrabismo presentan disminución de la profundidad visual y percepción de dimensionalidad. Se estima que este padecimiento ocular, afecta alrededor del 2 al 4 % de la población infantil. La clasificación de los estrabismos y su misma definición han sido parte de un debate mundial durante años. La edad de aparición, el ángulo de desviación, el ojo desviado, y la magnitud del ángulo en distancia de enfoque tambien; sin embargo, siempre debe confirmarse con exámenes más exhaustivos luego de un primer diagnóstico realizado por un profesional de la salud visual. Objetivo. Identificar las características de los estrabismos incomitantes, formas de diagnóstico, clasificación y factores para poder manejarlos específicamente y mejorar el pronóstico del caso. Metodología. Se realizó una síntesis de la información disponible de literatura sobre el estrabismo incomitante a través de un análisis bibliográfico donde se empleó descriptores de búsqueda para lo cual se revisaron las bases de datos: Google académico y Proquest Prisma. Se realizó el análisis de referencias desde el año 2010 al 2020 y como resultado se obtuvieron 34 referencias que describen una clasificación de estrabismos, tipo de diagnóstico y tratamiento. Conclusión. Se considera fundamental aumentar la conciencia pública sobre el tema del diagnóstico temprano de afectaciones oculares para generar medidas de prevención que busquen atenuar la ocurrencia de esta alteración. Delimitar el tipo de estrabismo incomitante podría evitar consecuencias irreparables para el paciente.

RESUMO O estrabismo é um distúrbio da visão binocular, ou seja, a perda do paralelismo dos eixos visuais. As pessoas que sofrem de estrabismo têm uma percepção de profundidade e dimensionalidade visual reduzida. Estima-se que essa condição ocular afete cerca de 2 a 4% da população infantil. A classificação do estrabismo e sua própria definição têm sido parte de um debate mundial há anos. A idade de início, o ângulo de desvio, o olho desviado e a magnitude do ângulo na distância de focalização também; no entanto, devem sempre ser confirmados por exames adicionais após um primeiro diagnóstico feito por um oftalmologista. Objetivo. Identificar as características do estrabismo incomitante, as formas de diagnóstico, a classificação e os fatores para poder tratá-los especificamente e melhorar o prognóstico do caso. Metodologia. Foi feita uma síntese das informações disponíveis na literatura sobre estrabismo incomitante por meio de uma análise bibliográfica usando descritores de pesquisa para os quais foram revisados os seguintes bancos de dados: Google Scholar e Proquest Prisma. A análise das referências de 2010 a 2020 foi realizada e, como resultado, foram obtidas 34 referências que descrevem a classificação do estrabismo, o tipo de diagnóstico e o tratamento. Conclusões. Considera-se essencial aumentar a conscientização pública sobre a questão do diagnóstico precoce de distúrbios oculares para gerar medidas preventivas que busquem mitigar a ocorrência desse distúrbio. Delimitar o tipo de estrabismo incomitante poderia evitar consequências irreparáveis para o paciente.

ABSTRACT Strabismus is an alteration of binocular vision, that is, the loss of parallelism of the visual axes. People suffering from strabismus have decreased visual depth and dimensionality perception. It is estimated that this ocular condition affects about 2 to 4% of the child population. The classification of strabismus and its very definition have been part of a worldwide debate for years. The age of onset, the angle of deviation, the deviating eye, and the magnitude of the angle in focusing distance as well; however, it should always be confirmed with more exhaustive examinations after a first diagnosis by an eye care professional. Objective. To identify the characteristics of incomitant strabismus, ways of diagnosis, classification and factors to be able to manage them specifically and improve the prognosis of the case. Methodology. A synthesis of the information available in the literature on incomitant strabismus was made through a bibliographic analysis using search descriptors for which the following databases were reviewed: Google Scholar and Proquest Prisma. The analysis of references from 2010 to 2020 was carried out and as a result 34 references were obtained describing a classification of strabismus, type of diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion. It is considered essential to increase public awareness on the issue of early diagnosis of ocular disorders in order to generate preventive measures that seek to mitigate the occurrence of this disorder. Delimiting the type of incomitant strabismus could avoid irreparable consequences for the patient.

https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v6i16.218

Guía de práctica clínica para el manejo del cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas: enfermedad limitada
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Cabrera-Miranda, Luis A.

; Lozano-Ruiz, Francisco J.

; Blake-Cerda, Mónika

; Corona-Cruz, José F.

; Sánchez-Reyes, Roberto

; Pérez-Álvarez, Sandra I.

; Díaz-García, Diego A.

; Álvarez-Bojórquez, Mario E.

; Rivera-Márquez, Raúl

; López-Saucedo, Raúl A.

; Bolaño-Guerra, Laura M.

; Maldonado-Magos, Federico

; Aldaco-Sarvide, Fernando

; Alvarado-Zermeño, Adriana

; Barajas-Figueroa, Luis J.

; Bautista-Aragón, Yolanda

; Bolaños-Morales, Francina V.

; Castillo-Ortega, Graciano

; Félix-Leyva, Jesús A.

; Gerson-Cwilich, Raquel

; Guzmán-de Alba, Enrique

; López-Galindo, Ángel A.

; Mariscal-Ramírez, Carlos

; Piñeiro-Retif, Rafael

; Ramos-Prudencio, Rubí

; Rodríguez-Cid, Jerónimo

; Silva-Bravo, Fernando

; Arrieta, Óscar

Gaceta mexicana de oncología

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mar 2023, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 3 - 23

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: El cáncer de células pequeñas (CPCP) representa el 13-15% del total de neoplasias primarias de pulmón. Se caracteriza por su rapidez en la tasa de crecimiento y en el desarrollo de metástasis a distancia. Objetivos: Orientar y estandarizar el tratamiento del CPCP, enfermedad limitada, en México, basado en evidencia clínica nacional e internacional. Material y métodos: Este documento se desarrolló como una colaboración entre el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología y la Sociedad Mexicana de Oncología en cumplimiento con estándares internacionales. Se integró un grupo conformado por oncólogos médicos, cirujanos oncólogos, cirujanos de tórax, radio-oncólogos y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y guías de práctica clínica. Resultados: Se consensuaron, por el método Delphi y en reuniones a distancia, las recomendaciones en CPCP enfermedad limitada, producto de las preguntas de trabajo. Se identificó y evaluó críticamente la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de dichas preguntas clínicas, antes de incorporarla a la guía. Conclusión: Esta guía proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el manejo de la enfermedad limitada del CPCP y durante el proceso de toma de decisiones de los clínicos involucrados con su manejo en nuestro país para mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica en estos pacientes.

Abstract Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 13-15% of all primary lung neoplasms and is characterized by rapid growth rate and development of distant metastases. Objectives: To guide and standardize the treatment of limited disease small cell lung cancer in Mexico based on national and international clinical evidence. Material and methods: This document was developed as a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute and the Mexican Society of Oncology in compliance with international standards. An interdisciplinary group was formed, including medical oncologists, oncological surgeons, thoracic surgeons, radiation oncologists, and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and clinical practice guidelines. Results: Consensus recommendations were reached, both by the Delphi method and in remote meetings, for limited SCLC disease resulting from the same number of work questions. The scientific evidence that answers each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated, before being incorporated into the body of evidence of the guide. Conclusion: This guide provides clinical recommendations for the management of limited disease SCLC to contribute to the decision-making process of the clinicians involved with its management in our country, hoping that this will contribute to improving the quality of clinical care in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000121

Dimethyl sulfoxide toxicity in umbilical cord blood transplantation in patients less than 4.5 kilos of weigh
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Mancías-Guerra, Consuelo

; Sánchez-García, Sandra Abigail

; Carreño-Salcedo, Sofía Alejandra

; Gutiérrez-Aguirre, Cesar Homero

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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mar 2023, Volume 45 N. 1 Pages 106 - 109

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2021.04.009

Physioprophylaxis post-stress test in soccer players: effects blood lactate concentrations
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Manrique-Abril, Fred G.

; Arias López, Sandra E

; Melgarejo-Pinto, Victor M

; Galindo Guerra, Daniel

; Camargo Valencia, Andrea P

Revista Médica de Risaralda

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dec 2022, Volume 28 N. 2 Pages 55 - 64

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de la fisioprofilaxis (PP) sobre las concentraciones de lactato en sangre (BL) tras la prueba de esfuerzo incremental máximo, considerando que se trata de la aplicación de técnicas en fisioterapia deportiva para reducir los signos de fatiga muscular que pueden desencadenar lesiones por sobrecarga. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, tipo experimental, sección longitudinal en 12 jugadores universitarios. El grupo se divide en un grupo control (GC) con recuperación en reposo sin PP y otro grupo experimental (GE) al que se aplica PP al final de la prueba. El lactato sanguíneo se registra con Accutrend Plus al inicio de la prueba, (1) cinco minutos después de finalizar la prueba (2) y después de la PP (3) en dos momentos diferentes para el análisis intra-sujeto. Resultados: Se obtuvieron los siguientes datos con respecto al aclaramiento de lactato en sangre, Momento 1: Sin Plan (WoP) 4.86 ± 1.4 y Con Plan (WP) 8.85 ± 1.25 (p <0.05), Momento 2: (WoP) 5.6 ± 1.76 y (WP) ) 7,8 ± 1,3 (p <0,05) en mmol / L, e intra-sujeto: (WoP): 5,25 ± 1,58; (WP): 8,35 ± 1,33 (p <0,05). Conclusiones: El aclaramiento de lactato en sangre a los 30 minutos post prueba de esfuerzo en el GE es mayor que en el GC, debido a que se recuperaron con el plan fisioprofiláctico.

Abstract Objective: To determine the effects of physioprophylaxis (PP) on blood lactate (BL) concentrations after maximal incremental stress test, considering that this is the application of techniques in sports physiotherapy to reduce signs of muscle fatigue that can trigger injuries due to overload. Materials and Methods: Quantitative study, experimental type, longitudinal section in 12 university players. The group is divided into one control group (CG) with recovery at rest without PP and another experimental group (EG) to which PP is applied at the end of the test. Blood lactate is recorded with Accutrend Plus at the beginning of the test, (1) five minutes after finishing the test (2) and after the PP (3) at two different moments for intra-subject analysis. Results: The following data were obtained regarding blood lactate clearance, Moment 1: Without Plan (WoP) 4.86±1.4 and With Plan (WP) 8.85±1.25 (p<0.05), moment 2: (WoP) 5.6±1.76 and (WP) 7.8±1.3 (p<0.05) in mmol/L, and intra-subject: (WoP): 5.25±1.58; (WP): 8.35±1.33 (p<0.05). Conclusions: The clearance of lactate in the blood at 30 minutes post stress test in the EG is bigger than the CG, because they recovered with the physioprophylactic plan.

https://doi.org/10.22517/25395203.24986

Revisión sistemática de estudios sobre intervenciones que promueven la salud en conductores profesionales
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Valencia-Contrera, Miguel Andrez

; Valenzuela-Suazo, Sandra Verónica

; Rodríguez-Campo, Varinia Alejandra

; Jara-Concha, Patricia del Tránsito

; Sepúlveda-Guerra, Elena Belén

Enfermería: Cuidados Humanizados

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dec 2022, Volume 11 N. 2 elocation e2849

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen: Introducción: Los trabajadores que se dedican al rubro de conducción están expuestos a factores que dificultan su quehacer laboral, tales como: problemas asociados a la temperatura, ruidos y vibraciones, ventilación insuficiente e ineficiente, atascos y relacionamientos interpersonales con los pasajeros. Objetivo: Identificar, en el estado del arte disponible, qué intervenciones promueven la salud de los conductores profesionales. Material y método: Revisión sistemática, siguiendo las recomendaciones de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), orientada por la pregunta: ¿qué intervenciones promueven la salud de los conductores profesionales? Resultados: La búsqueda arrojó 1303 artículos, de los cuales se incluyeron 11; las intervenciones identificadas se asociaron a dispositivos portátiles y mensajería de salud móvil, entrevistas motivacionales, documentos interactivos, exposición a entornos naturales, programas intensivos, asesoramiento, cambios a nivel de políticas, cambios ambientales y de sistemas. Conclusión: Se identificaron intervenciones que incluyeron a la tecnología, entrevistas, el ambiente y control estratégico. Se recomienda la implementación de las intervenciones identificadas, pues se torna perentorio el abordaje de la salud de los conductores profesionales, considerando las características descritas en el presente estudio.

Abstract: Introduction: Workers engaged in the driving field are exposed to factors that hinder their work tasks, such as: problems associated with temperature, noise and vibrations, insufficient and inefficient ventilation, traffic jams and interpersonal relationships with passengers. Objective: To identify, in the available state of the art, which interventions promote the health of professional drivers. Method: Systematic review, following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), guided by the question: what interventions promote the health of professional drivers? Results: The search yielded 1303 articles, of which 11 were included; the interventions identified were associated with handheld devices and mobile health messaging, motivational interviewing, interactive documents, exposure to natural environments, intensive programs, counseling, policy-level changes, environmental and systems changes. Conclusion: Interventions were identified that included technology, interviews, the environment and strategic control; the implementation of the identified interventions is recommended, since it is urgent to address the health of professional drivers, considering the characteristics described in this study.

Resumo: Introdução: Os trabalhadores envolvidos na condução estão expostos a fatores que dificultam o seu trabalho, tais como: problemas associados à temperatura, ruído e vibrações, ventilação insuficiente e ineficiente, engarrafamentos e relações interpessoais com os passageiros. Objetivo: Identificar, a partir do estado da arte disponível, quais as intervenções que promovem a saúde dos condutores profissionais. Método: Revisão sistemática, seguindo as recomendações dos itens Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews e Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), orientada pela pergunta: Quais intervenções promovem a saúde dos condutores profissionais? Resultados: A pesquisa produziu 1303 artigos, dos quais 11 foram incluídos; as intervenções identificadas foram associadas a dispositivos portáteis e mensagens de saúde móveis, entrevistas motivacionais, documentos interativos, exposição a ambientes naturais, programas intensivos, aconselhamento, mudanças a nível político, mudanças ambientais e de sistemas. Conclusão: Foram identificadas intervenções que incluíram tecnologia, entrevistas, ambiente e controle estratégico; recomenda-se a implementação das intervenções identificadas, pois é imperativo abordar a saúde dos condutores profissionais, considerando as características descritas no presente estudo.

https://doi.org/10.22235/ech.v11i2.2849

Supervivencia de pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas
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Frómeta Guerra, Adonis

; Sánchez Figueredo, Sandra Amalia

; Naranjo Flores, Liannys Lidia

; Fuentes Liens, Eduardo Enrique

Multimed

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oct 2022, Volume 26 N. 5 elocation e2784

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: o câncer de pulmãot em alta incidência em todo o mundo. Em termos de mortalidade, é a primeira localização em ambos os sexos, comum ataxa de 58,0 por 100.000 e 32,5 por 100.000 em 2017 em homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Objetivos: identificar fatores relacionados à sobrevivência de pacientes com câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas. Métodos: estudo de coorte analítica e observacional foi realizado em pacientes tratados com o diagnóstico de câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas no serviço de Oncologia do Hospital Universitário Geral Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, em Bayamo, Granma, no período de 1º de janeiro de 2014 a 31 de dezembro de 2019. Resultados: o fator mais relevante e independente foi classificar na fase IV o aumento do risco de morrer para 1.304 vezes (IC: 1.011-2.025; p: 0,000) seguido da etapa IIIB (HR: 1.070; CI: 1.004-2.113; p: 0,000). O modelo de regressão de Cox tem uma capacidade discriminatória adequada para prever pacientes que morrerão daqueles que não morrerão em pacientes com câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas (área: 0,727; CI: 0.516-0.737; p: 0,025). Conclusões: o estágio do câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas teve uma relação inversamente proporcional com a sobrevivência dos pacientes; a idade mais velha aumentou o risco de morrer. O modelo de regressão proporcional de Cox apresentou capacidade discriminatória adequada para especificar a menor sobrevida dos pacientes com o diagnóstico acima mencionado.

ABSTRACT Introduction: lung cancer has a high incidence worldwide. In terms of mortality, it is the first location in both sexes, with a rate of 58.0 per 100,000 and 32.5 per 100,000 in 2017 in men and women respectively. Objectives: to identify factors related to the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: an analytical and observational cohort study was conducted in patients treated with the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer in the Oncology service of the "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" general university hospital in Bayamo, Granma, in the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019. Results: the most relevant and independent factor was to classify in stage IV by increasing the risk of dying to 1,304 times (CI: 1.011-2.025; p: 0.000) followed by stage IIIB (HR: 1.070; CI: 1.004-2.113; p: 0.000). The Cox regression model has an adequate discriminative capacity to predict patients who will die from those who will not in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (area: 0.727; CI: 0.516-0.737; p: 0.025). Conclusions: the stage of non-small cell lung cancer had an inversely proportional relationship with the survival of patients; older age increased the risk of dying. The Cox proportional regression model had an adequate discriminative capacity to specify the shortest survival of patients with the aforementioned diagnosis.

RESUMEN Introducción: el cáncer de pulmón tiene elevada incidencia a nivel mundial. En cuanto a mortalidad, es la primera localización en ambos sexos, con una tasa de 58,0 por 100 000 y 32,5 por 100 000 en el año 2017 en hombre y mujeres respectivamente. Objetivos: identificar los factores relacionados con la supervivencia de los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico y observacional de cohorte en pacientes atendidos con el diagnóstico de cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas en el servicio de Oncología de del hospital general universitario “Carlos Manuel de Céspedes” de Bayamo, Granma, en el período comprendido desde el 1º de enero del 2014 al 31 de diciembre de 2019. Resultados: el factor más relevante y de carácter independiente fue clasificar en estadio IV al incrementar el riesgo de morir a 1,304 veces (IC: 1,011-2,025; p: 0,000) seguido del estadio IIIB (HR: 1,070; IC: 1,004-2,113; p: 0,000). El modelo de regresión de Cox tiene una capacidad discriminativa adecuada para predecir los pacientes que fallecerán de los que no en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas (área: 0,727; IC: 0,516-0,737; p: 0,025). Conclusiones: el estadio del cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas tuvo una relación inversamente proporcional con la sobrevida de los pacientes; la edad avanzada incrementó el riesgo de morir. El modelo de regresión proporcional de Cox tuvo una capacidad discriminativa adecuada para precisar la menor supervivencia de los pacientes con el mencionado diagnóstico.

Predictors of poor outcomes in young non-comorbid patients with COVID-19
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Martínez-Guerra, Bernardo A.

; Medrano-Borromeo, Carla

; González-Lara, María F.

; Román-Montes, Carla M.

; Tamez-Torres, Karla M.

; Rajme-López, Sandra

; Salgado-Guízar, Karla D.

; Juárez-Menéndez, Noe A.

; Ramos-Cervantes, Pilar

; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.

; Ponce-de-León, Alfredo

; Sifuentes-Osornio, José

Revista de investigación clínica

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oct 2022, Volume 74 N. 5 Pages 268 - 275

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Prognostic factors in previously healthy young patients with COVID-19 remained understudied. Objective: The objective of the study was to identify factors associated with in-hospital death or need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in young (aged ≤ 65 years) and previously healthy patients with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study that included patients admitted with COVID-19. The primary outcome was in-hospital death/need for IMV. Secondary outcomes included need for IMV during follow-up, days on IMV, length of stay (LOS), hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia (HAP/VAP), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Among 92 patients, primary outcome occurred in 16 (17%), death in 12 (13%), need for IMV in 16 (17%), HAP/VAP in 7 (8%), and PE in 2 (2%). Median LOS and IMV duration were 7 and 12 days, respectively. Independent associations were found between the primary outcome and male sex (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.1, 95%CI 1.1-46.0, p < 0.05), D-dimer levels > 1000ng/mL (aOR 9.0, 95%CI 1.6-49.1, p < 0.05), and RT-PCR Ct-value ≤ 24 on initial swab samples (aOR 14.3, 95%CI 2.0-101.5, p < 0.01). Conclusions: In young and non-comorbid COVID-19 patients, male sex, higher levels of D-dimer, and low SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Ct-value on an initial nasopharyngeal swab were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality or need for IMV.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.22000162

10.

La norma ISO 9001, las buenas prácticas clínicas y de laboratorio en los ensayos clínicos
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Álvarez Guerra, Sandra

Revista Cubana de Medicina Militar

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sep 2022, Volume 51 N. 3 elocation e2093

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

11.

Construcción de un prototipo electrónico de control químico de emisiones de gases contaminantes dentro de vehículos
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Barrazueta Rojas, Sandra Gabriela

; Guerra Salazar1, José Enrique

; Horna Berrezueta, Brayan Job

; Chávez Escobar, Álex William

; Morales Gordon, José Luis

Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE (RCTU)

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jun 2022, Volume 9 N. 1 Pages 1 - 9

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: A nivel mundial, las emisiones de gases de vehículos provocan grandes pérdidas humanas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue la construcción de un prototipo de supervisión y alerta de nivel de gases contaminantes dentro de vehículos con sistema de combustión. El prototipo consta de 5 bloques y supervisa la calidad de aire del habitáculo con sensores que miden monóxido de carbono (CO), óxidos de nitrógeno (NO x ) y benceno, mostrando la información obtenida, mensajes en casos extremos, además de activar dispositivos según el nivel calculado. El estudio se basó en un análisis histórico bibliográfico de datos relacionados con la problemática; mediante pruebas de calentamiento y calibración de los sensores, se determinó que el prototipo necesita 5 minutos para estabilizar sus lecturas, con un error absoluto de ±1,65%; al calcular la repetitividad con el coeficiente de variación se obtiene un valor máximo de 3,93%. El prototipo implementado es confiable para supervisar la concentración de gases en el habitáculo mediante la activación de actuadores sonoros y de circulación de aire.

Abstract: Globally vehicule harmful gas emissions have caused great human loss. The purpose of this research was the construction of a prototype for monitoring and alerting the levels of pollutant gases inside vehicles with a combustion system. The prototype consists of 5 blocks and can monitor the air quality of the passenger compartment with sensors that measure carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and benzene, displaying the information obtained, messages in extreme cases, in addition to activating devices according to the calculated level. Through heating and calibration tests of the sensors, it was determined that the prototype needs 5 minutes to stabilize its readings, these have an absolute error of ±1,65%; When calculating the repeatability with the correlation coefficient, a maximum value of 3,93% is obtained. The implemented prototype is reliable to monitor the concentration of gases in the passenger compartment by activating sound and air circulation actuators.

https://doi.org/10.26423/rctu.v9i1.657

12.

Effect of Tocilizumab in Mortality among Patients with Severe and Critical Covid-19: Experience in a Third-Level Medical Center
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Martínez-Guerra, Bernardo A.

; de-León-Cividanes, Nereyda A.

; Tamez-Torres, Karla M.

; Román-Montes, Carla M.

; Rajme-López, Sandra

; Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

; Sierra-Madero, Juan

; Sifuentes-Osornio, José

; Ponce-de-León, Alfredo

; González-Lara, María F.

Revista de investigación clínica

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feb 2022, Volume 74 N. 1 Pages 40 - 50

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Trials evaluating safety and efficacy of tocilizumab in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) show contradictory results. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab in hospital mortality among patients with severe COVID-19 in a third-level medical center. Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients with severe and critical COVID-19. Primary outcome was death during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), days on IMV, ventilator-free days (VFDs), length of hospital stay (LOS), and development of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Bivariate, multivariate, and propensity score matching analysis were performed. Results: During the study period, 99/794 (12%) patients received tocilizumab. Male patients, health care workers, and patients with increased inflammatory markers received tocilizumab more frequently. No difference in hospital mortality was observed between groups (34% vs. 34%, p = 0.98). Tocilizumab was not independently associated with mortality. No significant treatment effects were observed in propensity score analysis. IMV was more frequent (46% vs. 11%, p < 0.01) and LOS was longer (12 vs. 7 days, p < 0.01) in the tocilizumab group, reflecting increased severity. Although HAIs were more frequent in the tocilizumab group (22% vs. 10%, p < 0.01), no difference was seen after adjusting for IMV (38% vs. 40%, p = 0.86). Conclusions: In our study, tocilizumab was not associated with decreased hospital mortality among patients with severe COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.21000404 27 downloads

13.

Condiciones de empleo y precariedad laboral de los médicos de México: análisis basado en una encuesta nacional
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Montañez-Hernández, Julio César

; Díaz-Portillo, Sandra Patricia

; Guerra, Germán

; Reyes-Morales, Hortensia

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 4 elocation ES042321

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O objetivo era descrever as características socioeconômicas e as condições de emprego dos médicos no México. Estudo transversal com base na Pesquisa Nacional de Ocupação e Emprego (ENOE) do México, nos quatro trimestres de 2019 e no primeiro trimestre de 2020. Incluímos todos os médicos com estudos universitários concluídos. A variável da precariedade laboral acumulada foi construída como a soma de cinco variáveis binárias relacionadas com o piso salarial, a jornada de trabalho, a falta de contrato, segurança e benefícios sociais. Com esta soma não ponderada, classificamos as condições de trabalho em baixa (1), média (2 a 3), alta (4 a 5), e ausência de precariedade laboral (0). No setor público, 13,4% e 3,3% dos médicos estão em situação de precariedade laboral média e alta, respectivamente; os percentuais são mais elevados no setor privado, com 38,5% e 7,7% (p < 0,01), respectivamente, devido principalmente à inexistência de contrato escrito e de seguro médico. Estas condições se agravam para as mulheres que trabalham nos consultórios médicos das empresas do setor privado, onde 75,2% e 6% delas sofrem precariedade média e alta, respectivamente, ao passo que para os homens, os percentuais são de 15,6% e 7,7%, respectivamente, (p < 0,01). Existe precariedade laboral no setor da saúde mexicano; as condições de trabalho dos médicos do setor privado são mais precárias do que no setor público, em especial, nos consultórios do setor privado onde as mulheres estão mais expostas a empregos precários.

The study aimed to describe the socioeconomic characteristics and job conditions of medical personnel in Mexico. This was a cross-sectional study based on the Mexican National Occupational and Employment Survey (ENOE) for all four quarters of 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. We included all physicians who had concluded their university training. The variable “cumulative precarious labor” was constructed as the sum of five binary variables related to minimum wage, workweek, and lack of employment contract, job security, and labor benefits. Using this unweighted sum, we classified their labor conditions as absence of (0) or low (1), medium (2 to 3), or high (4 to 5) precarious labor. In the public sector, 13.4% and 3.3% of physicians were engaged in medium or high precarious labor, respectively; the percentages were higher in the private sector, with 38.5% and 7.7% (p < 0.01), respectively, due mainly to the lack of formal contracts and medical insurance. These conditions were exacerbated in women working in medical offices in private-sector companies, where 75.2% and 6% worked in medium or high precarious conditions, respectively, while the proportions in men were 15.6% and 7.7%, respectively (p < 0.01). Precarious labor exists in the Mexican health sector; labor conditions for physicians are more precious in the private sector than in the public sector, especially in private-sector offices where female physicians are more exposed to precarious employment.

El objetivo fue describir las características socioeconómicas y condiciones de empleo del personal médico en México. Estudio transversal con base en la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo (ENOE) de México, de los 4 trimestres de 2019 y el primer trimestre de 2020. Incluimos a todos los médicos con estudios universitarios concluidos. La variable precariedad laboral acumulada fue construida como la suma de cinco variables binarias relacionadas con el salario mínimo, jornada laboral, carencias de contrato, de seguridad y de prestaciones sociales. Con esta suma no ponderada, clasificamos las condiciones laborales en baja (1), media (2 a 3), alta (4 a 5), y ausencia de precariedad laboral (0). En el sector público, 13,4% y 3,3% de los médicos tienen precariedad laboral media y alta, respectivamente; los porcentajes son mayores en el sector privado, 38,5% y 7,7% (p < 0,01), respectivamente, debido principalmente a las carencias de contrato escrito y seguro médico. Estas condiciones se exacerban en las mujeres que trabajan en los consultorios médicos de las empresas del sector privado donde 75,2% y 6% de ellas tienen precariedad media y alta, respectivamente, mientras que en los hombres los porcentajes son 15,6 y 7,7%, respectivamente, (p < 0,01). Existe precariedad laboral en el sector salud mexicano; las condiciones laborales de los médicos del sector privado son más precarias que en el sector público, particularmente en los consultorios del sector privado, donde las mujeres están más expuestas a empleos precarios.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xes042321

14.

Condiciones de empleo y precariedad laboral de los médicos de México: análisis basado en una encuesta nacional
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Montañez-Hernández, Julio César

; Díaz-Portillo, Sandra Patricia

; Guerra, Germán

; Reyes-Morales, Hortensia

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 4 elocation ES042321

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xes042321

15.

Docências em narrações cristalinas transversalizando como sujeitos do conhecimento: o homem, a natureza e a tecnologia
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Carvalho, Janete Magalhães

; Silva, Sandra Kretli da

; Delboni, Tânia Mara Zanotti Guerra Frizzera

Educar em Revista

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2022, Volume 38 elocation e85986

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetiva destacar a docência em narrações cristalinas e fabulatórias que interligam como sujeitos do conhecimento o homem, a natureza e a tecnologia e, para tanto, aborda o movimento do pensamento na rede de conversação produzidas em processos de formação continuada com professoras do Ensino Fundamental de um sistema público municipal. Apresenta um campo problemático que se dedica a compreender que movimentos do pensamento são produzidos a partir das narrativas estabelecidas em rede de conversação. Utiliza, para a produção de dados, a observação participante e os registros em diário de campo das narrativas cristalinas e fabulatórias que emergiram na rede de conversação com as personagens-escolas (docentes), que se configuram como imagens-narrativas de pesquisa como imagem-cristal e imagem-fábula. No decorrer da pesquisa, a questão central assume duas dimensões interligadas: por um lado a relação entre imagem-cristal e imagem-fábula potencializando o movimento do pensamento dos docentes; por outro, a relação homem, natureza e tecnologia entendidos como sujeitos do conhecimento. As personagens-escolas, em suas narrativas, visualizam os possíveis na docência para contribuir com uma vida e/ou a constituição de mundos não “antropocenos”, onde os sujeitos do conhecimento são o homem, a natureza e a tecnologia.

ABSTRACT This text aims to highlight teaching in crystalline and fable narratives connecting men, nature, and technology as subjects of knowledge. Thus, it addresses the movement of thought in conversation networks produced in in-service education processes with Elementary and Middle School teachers of a municipal public system. It presents a problematic field dedicated to understanding which thought movements are made from the narratives established in conversation networks. To produce data, we used participant observation and field diary records of the crystalline and fable narratives that emerged in the networks of conversations with the characters-schools (teachers), which are configured as images-narratives of research as crystal-image and fable-image. During the study, the central question assumes two interconnected dimensions. On the one hand, the relationship between the crystal-image and fable-image enhances the movement of teachers’ thinking. On the other hand, the relationships between man, nature, and technology are understood as subjects of knowledge. In their narratives, the school characters visualize the possibilities of teaching to contribute to life and/or the constitution of non-Anthropocene worlds, where the subjects of knowledge are man, nature and technology.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0411.85986

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