Abstract Natural spawning of the leopard grouper (Mycteroperca rosacea) was studied in captivity from 2004 to 2008 under natural photoperiod conditions. Fish spawned naturally in 2006, but only 90,000 unfertilized eggs were collected. A total of 43 and 27 spawning days were observed in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Spawning season began in March and lasted until May-June and was related to an increase in water temperature from 21.1 to 23.8 °C. The mean (SE) number of eggs released each day was 101,705 (13,876) in 2007 and 40,510 (7,874) in 2008, and the total number of eggs collected in 2007 and 2008 was 4.37 × 106and 1.07 × 106, respectively. The number of eggs collected per month was not significantly different within each year (P> 0.05), although a significant difference was observed between 2007 and 2008 (P< 0.05). The annual relative number of eggs released was 288,750 eggs·kg-1in 2007 and 72,919 eggs·kg-1in 2008, and viable egg production was 184,800 eggs kg-1in 2007 and 25,375 eggs kg-1in 2008. The fertilization rate (%) of the eggs collected daily differed significantly throughout the spawning season of 2007 (P< 0.05). The fertilization rate also differed (P< 0.05) between 2007 (61.10%) and 2008 (32.30%). Statistical analysis of the 2 consecutive spawning seasons indicated no correlation between the fertilization rate and fecundity. The effect of the moon phase on spawning was also considered. The fish spawned at dusk before total darkness. Mean (SD) egg diameter was 864.0 ± 22.0 µm.

Resumen Se estudió el desove natural de la cabrilla sardinera,Mycteroperca rosacea, en cautiverio, de 2004 a 2008 en condiciones naturales de luz y temperatura. Los peces desovaron naturalmente en 2006, pero solo se recolectaron 90,000 huevos no fertilizados. Se observó un total de 43 días de desove en 2007 y 27 días en 2008. La temporada de desove comenzó en marzo y se prolongó hasta mayo-junio, lo cual se relacionó con un aumento en la temperatura del agua de 21.1 a 23.8 °C. La media (error estándar) del número de huevos liberados diariamente fue de 101,705 (13,876) en 2007 y 40,510 (7,874) en 2008, y el número total de huevos recolectados fue de 4.37 × 106y 1.07 × 106, respectivamente. El número de huevos recolectados por mes no fue significativamente diferente dentro de cada año (P> 0.05), pero sí al comparar 2007 y 2008 (P< 0.05). La puesta relativa anual fue de 288,750 huevos·kg-1en 2007 y 72,919 huevos·kg-1en 2008, y la producción de huevos viables fue de 184,800 huevos·kg-1en 2007 y 25,375 huevos·kg-1en 2008. La tasa de fertilización (%) de los huevos recolectados diariamente fue significativamente diferente a lo largo de la temporada de desove de 2007 (P< 0.05). La tasa de fertilización también difirió significativamente (P< 0.05) entre 2007 (61.10%) y 2008 (32.30%). El análisis estadístico indicó que no hubo correlación entre la tasa de fertilización y el número de huevos liberados en ambas temporadas de desove. El efecto de la luna sobre el desove también se analiza en el documento. Durante todo el estudio, los peces desovaron al anochecer antes de la oscuridad total. El diámetro medio (± desviación estándar) del huevo fue de 864.0 ± 22.0 µm.

Resumen Antecedentes: La obesidad es un trastorno multifactorial caracterizado por un aumento en la adiposidad corporal, de amplia prevalencia en nuestro país, a cualquier edad y ligada a grandes consecuencias adversas, incluyendo el desarrollo de cardiopatías. Los programas de rehabilitación cardiaca (RC) son intervenciones interdisciplinarias encaminadas no solo a restaurar la funcionalidad perdida de los pacientes que han sufrido un desenlace cardiovascular, sino también a corregir aquellos factores de riesgo que lo propiciaron y que interfieren en los resultados adaptativos del mismo. La obesidad contribuye a perpetuar el riesgo de cardiopatía y suele ser resistente a las modificaciones del estilo de vida de manera convencional. Objetivo: Establecer pautas en el reconocimiento de la obesidad con directrices de atención al paciente con cardiopatía dentro de los programas de RC y su abordaje interdisciplinario. Método: A través de una extensiva revisión bibliográfica y después de una discusión interdisciplinaria, se elaboró el presente documento para fijar una postura sobre el abordaje de la obesidad en el contexto de los programas de RC en pacientes con cardiopatía. Resultados y conclusiones: Nuestra Sociedad reconoce el abordaje interdisciplinario de los pacientes con obesidad y cardiopatía en su prevención primaria y secundaria, insta a la precisión en su diagnóstico y valoración, y recomienda que su eje primario debe estar basado en primera instancia en las modificaciones del estilo de vida (entrenamiento físico, atención nutricional e intervención psicoemocional), en tanto que la terapia farmacológica y la cirugía bariátrica pudieran ser coadyuvantes en la optimización de los resultados en pacientes selectos.

Abstract Background: Obesity is a multifactorial disorder characterized by increased body adiposity with a wide prevalence in our country, at any age, and linked to major adverse consequences, including the development of heart disease. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are interdisciplinary interventions aimed not only at restoring the lost functionality of patients who have suffered a cardiovascular outcome, but also at correcting those risk factors that led to it and that interfere with its adaptive results. Obesity contributes to perpetuating heart disease risk and is often resistant to conventional lifestyle modifications. Objective: Establish guidelines in the recognition of obesity with care guidelines for patients with heart disease within CR programs and their interdisciplinary approach. Method: Through an extensive bibliographical review and after an interdisciplinary discussion, this document was prepared to establish a position on the approach to obesity in the context of CR programs in patients with heart disease. Results and conclusions: Our Society recognizes the interdisciplinary approach of our patients with obesity and heart disease in its primary and secondary prevention, urges precision in its diagnosis and assessment, recommends that its primary axis must be based in the first instance on lifestyle modifications (physical training, nutritional care and psycho-emotional intervention), while pharmacological therapy and bariatric surgery could be coadjuvants in optimizing the results in selected patients.

Abstract Background: Palynological studies have contributed with topics closely linked to sustainability. However, there are still few scientific reviews that have discussed the relevance of practical applications in current palynology and its perspectives as a theoretical framework for the study of integrated landscape management. This review shows palynological contributions within agricultural model diversities in both natural and novel ecosystems. Questions: What are the current perspectives and concerns of the mature phase in palynology? What are the approaches of pollen analysis on landscape management and biodiversity conservation? Studied species: Pollen analysis and palynomorphs. Study site and dates: Global literature from current palynology. Methods: Global scientific literature using keywords, theoretical frameworks, and original articles. Results: We identified palynological perspectives for the study of sustainability based on global scientific literature: 1) ecological-evolutionary and 2) interdisciplinary research. In addition, we discussed some synergies and trade-offs between ecosystem services that were recognized through current palynology in different farming landscapes: biodiversity-based farming systems and chemical input-based farming systems. While pollen morphology and descriptive palynology can provide the basis for crop improvement, biological invasions, and the effect of deforestation on native species, more analytical approaches such as land-use indicators are necessary for sustainable management. In addition, we have included some biocultural aspects to conservation, due to a lack of practical discourse in current palynology. Conclusions: Innovative influences from current palynology are powerful approaches to integrated landscape management.

Resumen Antecedentes: Los estudios palinológicos han contribuído con temas relacionados a la sostenibilidad. Sin embargo, existen pocas revisiones científicas que discutan la relevancia de dichas aplicaciones y sus perspectivas como marco teórico para la gestión integrada del paisaje. En la presente revisión, se muestran algunas contribuciones palinológicas en modelos agrícolas, tanto de ecosistemas naturales como novedosos. Preguntas: ¿Cuáles son las perspectivas y preocupaciones actuales de la fase madura palinológica? ¿Cuáles son los enfoques del análisis polínico en el manejo del paisaje y la conservación biológica? Especies de estudio: Análisis polínico y palinomorfos. Sitio y años de estudio: Literatura global y actualizada. Métodos: Literatura científica utilizando palabras clave, marcos teóricos y artículos científicos originales. Resultados: Identificamos dos perspectivas palinológicas para el estudio de la sostenibilidad: 1) una ecológica-evolutiva y 2) la investigación interdisciplinaria. Además, discutimos algunas sinergias y compromisos entre servicios ecosistémicos, a través de la palinología en diversos paisajes: sistemas agrícolas basados en la biodiversidad y en insumos químicos. Si bien la palinología descriptiva y la morfología polínica pueden proveer la base para el mejoramiento de los cultivos, las invasiones biológicas y el efecto de la deforestación sobre especies nativas, los enfoques analíticos con indicadores de uso de suelo son necesarios para una gestión sostenible. Además, incluimos algunos aspectos bioculturales para la conservación, debido a la falta de un discurso práctico y palinológico. Conclusiones: Las influencias innovadoras de la palinología son un enfoque poderoso en la gestión integrada del paisaje.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument designed specifically designed to determine attitude towards humor in health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional and a validation study. The reliability study analysed the discrimination capacity of the items with discrimination index, the intraclass and item-total correlation coefficient, the Cronbach's α coefficient and the Pearson's correlation coefficient. In the validation study, the Exploratory Factor Analysis was carried out. Results: The Multidimensional Scale of Humor in Healthcare Professionals (EMHUPS) consists of 35 items divided into 8 factors: humor with the patient, humor at work, humor and care, humor in the private environment, training in humor, humor and the sanitary environment, demand for training in humor and humor and leisure. These factors explained a total variance of 60.99% with overall reliability of 0.88. Conclusions: EMHUPS presents acceptable psychometric properties in the measurement of humor in healthcare professionals.

Resumen Objetivo principal: Analizar las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento diseñado específicamente para evaluar la actitud ante el humor en profesionales sanitarios. Métodos: Estudio de validación, transversal. Se determinó la fiabilidad con el índice de discriminación, el coeficiente de correlación intraclase e ítem-total, el α de Cronbach y el índice de Pearson. La validez de constructo se analizó con el análisis factorial exploratorio. Resultados principales: La Escala Multidimensional del Humor en Profesionales Sanitarios (EMHUPS) consta de 35 ítems y 8 factores: humor con el paciente, en el trabajo, en los cuidados, en el entorno privado, formación en humor, en el entorno sanitario, demanda de formación en humor y humor y ocio. Presenta una varianza del 60,99% y una fiabilidad de 0,88. Conclusión principal: La escala EMHUPS presenta unas propiedades psicométricas aceptables en la medida del humor en profesionales sanitarios.

Resumen Los especialistas se han enfocado, en su mayoría, en analizar los spots políticos televisados desde perspectivas cuantitativas. Por lo tanto, se ha dejado un vacío en el análisis de la dimensión cualitativa de la imagen y la identidad de los actores políticos. El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir a la construcción de ese modelo teórico-metodológico ausente y realizar un análisis de la imagen política en general y del spot político en particular. La televisión, los nuevos medios electrónicos, las redes sociales, deben ser analizados por medio de otras categorías con las cuales se han estudiado los medios impresos. Con esta finalidad, se propone la tipología del framing audiovisual y como instrumento de codificación una tabla en donde en cada spot el candidato es la unidad de análisis, y el framing audiovisual se describe mediante tres marcos: visual, verbal y sonoro.

Abstract Most experts have focused on televised political spots using a quantitative analysis. This has left a vacuum in the understanding of the qualitative dimension of the image and the identity of the political actors. This article aims to contribute to constructing that missing theoretical-methodological model and looking more closely at the general political image as well as the political spot specifically. Television, the new electronic media, and social networks must be analyzed using categories different from those used to study the print media. To do this, the authors propose a typology of audiovisual framing; their codification instrument is a table in which in each spot the candidate is the unit of analysis, and the audiovisual framing is described on three levels: visual, verbal, and sound.

Resumen La relación entre la productividad/producción de la vegetación y la riqueza de especies de plantas vasculares es importante para analizar la respuesta de la vegetación ante disturbios, la cual se ha abordado con diferentes enfoques y marcos teóricos, aunque con resultados insuficientes para explicar la variabilidad observada. Las relaciones propuestas por Specht y colaboradores establecen relaciones no lineales entre la cobertura proyectiva foliar (CPF) y la riqueza de especies (S) bajo condiciones de equilibrio y de sucesión vegetal. Para analizar las relaciones CPF-S se realizaron muestreos en diferentes tipos de vegetación en las ocho regiones forestales definidas por Probosque en el Estado de México, en las que se establecieron 682 parcelas de muestreo de 1 000 m2 cada una. La relación establecida entre la CPF con respecto a S, caso de valores máximos de S, evidenció patrones congruentes con los planteamientos empíricos de Specht y colaboradores, particularmente, en función de los estados de la sucesión de bosques/selvas. Adicionalmente, las relaciones para matorrales y pastizales están establecidas. Los resultados de los análisis mostraron relaciones potenciales entre S y la CPF del estrato superior e inferior, en las cuales sus parámetros están relacionados entre sí, lo que simplifica el proceso de estimación a un solo parámetro.

Abstract The relationship between vegetation productivity/production and vascular plant species richness is important in order to analyze the response of the vegetation to disturbances, which has been addressed by using different approaches and theoretical frameworks, although with insufficient results to explain the observed variability. Specht and collaborators propose non-linear relationships between projective foliar cover (PFC) and species richness (S) under equilibrium conditions and plant succession. In order to analyze the PFC-S relationships, sampling was carried out in different vegetation types in the eight forest regions defined by Probosque in the State of Mexico, in which 682 sampling plots of 1 000 m2 each were established. The relationships established between PFC with respect to S, in the case of maximum values of S, exhibited patterns that are consistent with the empirical approaches of Specht and collaborators, particularly, as a function of the stages of forest/forest succession. In addition, the ratios were established for shrublands and grasslands. The results of the analyses showed potential relationships between S and the PFC of the upper and lower stratum, in which their parameters are related to each other, simplifying the estimation process to a single parameter.

Abstract The Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR) questionnaire is a widely used self-report measure to assess adult attachment, based on two dimensions: attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance. This instrument has been adapted in multiple contexts, including the Chilean, for which there is an abbreviated version (ECR-12), that is the object of analysis in the present study. Although there is consensus that attachment security is best described in dimensional terms, there are areas, such as clinical practice, where having reference values could be useful. The aim of this study is to provide reference values for the interpretation of ECR-12 scores in the Chilean context. To do this, a sample of 6779 participants was evaluated using the ECR-12. The z-score normalization method was used to obtain the reference values. The analyzes carried out showed the need to build scales differentiated by age. Thus, for the group of 29 years or less, the cut-off point in the anxiety dimension is an average equal to or greater than 4.4 points, and for avoidance, the cut-off point is an average equal to or greater than 2.5. On the other hand, for the group aged 30 or older, the cut-off point in the anxiety dimension is an average equal to or greater than 4.2, and for avoidance, it is an average equal to or greater than 2.9. These findings can be relevant not only for identifying people who may present substantially high levels of anxiety and/or avoidance in attachment, but also as a complementary clinical tool in therapeutic contexts.

Resumen El cuestionario de Experiencias en Relaciones Cercanas (ECR) es un instrumento de auto-reporte ampliamente utilizado para evaluar el apego en la adultez, a partir de dos dimensiones: la ansiedad y la evitación asociadas al apego. Este instrumento ha sido adaptado en múltiples contextos, incluyendo el chileno, del cual existe una versión abreviada (ECR-12), objeto de análisis del presente estudio. Si bien existe consenso en que la seguridad en el apego es mejor descrita en términos dimensionales, hay ámbitos, como en la práctica clínica donde contar con valores de referencia podría ser de utilidad. El objetivo de este estudio es proveer valores de referencia para la interpretación de los valores del ECR-12 en el contexto chileno. Para ello, una muestra de 6779 participantes respondió el ECR-12. Se utilizó el método de puntuación z con normalización para obtener los valores de referencia. Los análisis realizados evidenciaron la necesidad de construir baremos diferenciados por edad. Así, para el grupo de 29 años o menos, el punto de corte en la dimensión de ansiedad es de un promedio igual o superior a 4.4 puntos, y para la evitación, el punto de corte es de un promedio igual o superior a 2.5. En cambio, para el grupo de 30 años o más, el punto de corte en la dimensión de ansiedad es de un promedio igual o superior a 4.2, y para la evitación, es de un promedio igual o superior a 2.9. Estos hallazgos pueden ser relevantes no sólo para identificar a personas que puedan presentar niveles sustancialmente altos de ansiedad y/o evitación en el apego, sino, también puede constituirse como una herramienta clínica complementaria en contextos terapéuticos.

Resumen Se presenta un estudio teórico sobre el comportamiento estático y dinámico no lineal de tres edificaciones de concreto reforzado con un sistema estructural a base de marcos resistentes a momento. Las edificaciones cuentan con 3, 9 y 14 niveles. El diseño de cada una se hizo con las disposiciones de la nueva versión de las Normas Técnicas Complementarias para Diseño y Construcción de Estructuras de Concreto (NTCC, 2017) para diseño de estructuras con ductilidad baja (Q=2), media (Q=3) y alta (Q=4). Los diseños se revisaron con análisis no lineales con los diagramas momento-rotación presentados en las NTCC (2017) además de tomar en cuenta el deterioro en los elementos estructurales debido a la repetición de cargas en un evento sísmico. De los resultados de esta investigación se concluye que las estructuras diseñadas con las NTCC (2017) se desempeñan teóricamente con la ductilidad y capacidad para las cuales fueron diseñadas. La información obtenida analíticamente se verificó con ensayes experimentales.

Abstract An analytical study is carried out on the static and dynamic nonlinear behavior of three reinforced concrete buildings with moment-resisting frames. The buildings have 3, 9 and 14 levels and were designed according to requirements of the new version of Mexico’s City Code for Concrete Structures (NTCC, 2017). This Code includes special requirements for structures with low ductility (Q = 2), medium ductility (Q = 3) and high ductility (Q = 4). For the nonlinear analyzes and to check the behavior of the structures, the rotation moment diagrams presented in the NTCC (2017) were used, in addition to taking into account the deterioration in the structural elements due to the load repetitions in a seismic event. Data from this research is being verified by testing physical specimens.

Abstract: The cerambycid insect Xylotrechus arvicola is considered a pest that affects the wood of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera) in the major wine areas of the Iberian Peninsula. The larva of this insect perforates the grapevine wood, resulting in structural and biomechanical failure of the vine plants. Vine samples from wood damaged by X. arvicola larvae were picked up from different vineyards and grape varieties. Compressive and flexural tests were performed in order to assess the mechanical behaviour of the wood samples. Total length of the cracks in wood samples (TLCWS) that appeared on the surface of the grapevine wood samples after the mechanical tests was measured. Compressive strength (CS) and flexural strength (FS) decreased with the increase of the cross-sectional area (CSA) of both branches and trunks, regardless of damage condition or water content. Moreover, the resistance was lower in damaged wood. In addition, this was verified through the linear regression coefficients of the interaction CS x CSA and FS x CSA. TLCWS in branches and trunks of damaged samples was greater that in undamaged samples. Also, TLCWS within the same damage condition and part of the plant was higher in dry samples than in fresh samples. The damaged wood would show a higher vulnerability to common mechanical stress suffered by the grapevines in the field including heavy winds, fruit overweight or harvesting machines shaking (when mechanically collected). Larvae of this insect altered the mechanical behaviour of the trunk and branches of grapevine wood. The mechanical strength of wood was more negatively affected when the CSA of the branches and trunks increased. Longer TLCWS was found in affected wood.

Resumen En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de las primeras observaciones tafonómicas actualistas desarrolladas en dos lagunas salinas del Sistema Lagunar Hinojo-Las Tunas, ubicado en el Campo de Dunas del Centro Pampeano. Los objetivos son caracterizar los procesos naturales que favorecen la acumulación, preservación y destrucción del registro faunístico moderno en ambientes lacustres salinos, evaluar los posibles sesgos en la representación taxonómica y anatómica de vertebrados y determinar el potencial de mezcla del registro arqueológico regional con huesos depositados naturalmente. Se realizaron transectas tafonómicas en las playas de las lagunas Las Tunas Grandes y Laguna Chica, que permitieron registrar la depositación natural de restos pertenecientes a una gran variedad de taxones de vertebrados de diversos tamaños. Los grupos taxonómicos más abundantes en Las Tunas Grandes son las aves acuáticas y los peces, mientras que en Laguna Chica predominan los mamíferos pequeños. Los resultados indican que la interacción de distintos factores biológicos, atmosféricos y geoquímicos, junto con la elevada dinámica litoral no favorece la preservación de los huesos. Si bien se registró la mezcla superficial de huesos depositados naturalmente con materiales arqueológicos, las posibilidades de que a partir del conjunto faunístico actual se forme un registro fósil serían excepcionales.

Abstract This paper presents the results of the first actualist taphonomic observations developed in two saline shallow lakes of the Hinojo-Las Tunas Lake System, located in the Central Pampean Dune Field. The objectives are to characterize the natural processes that favor the accumulation, preservation, and destruction of the modern faunal record in saline lacustrine environments, evaluate the possible biases in the taxonomic and anatomical vertebrate representation, and determine the potential for mixing of the regional archaeological record with naturally deposited bones. Taphonomic transects were carried out along the shoreline of Las Tunas Grandes and Laguna Chica shallow lakes, which allowed us to record the natural deposition of carcasses and bones belonging to a broad variety of vertebrate taxa of different sizes. The most abundant species are aquatic birds and fish in Las Tunas Grandes and small mammals in Laguna Chica. The results indicate that the interaction of different biological, atmospheric and geochemical factors, together with the high coastal dynamics do not favor bone preservation. Although the superficial mixing of naturally deposited bones with archaeological materials was recorded, the chances of a fossil record being formed from the current faunal assemblage would be exceptional.

Resumen Los mucoceles del apéndice son raros, predominan en mujeres y suelen presentarse como una masa palpable en el cuadrante inferior derecho. La mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. El mucocele se define como una dilatación quística de la luz apendicular causada por la acumulación de mucina. Se presenta el caso de un paciente del sexo masculino en la séptima década de la vida, con cuadro clínico de abdomen agudo con sospecha de apendicitis aguda. Se realizó intervención quirúrgica laparoscópica de hemicolectomía tras encontrar hallazgos de tumoración dependiente de colon ascendente (región de ciego), indurada de 80 × 100 mm aproximadamente, realizando hemicolectomía derecha más anastomosis ilecolónica lateroterminal con adecuada evolución postquirúrgica.

Abstract Mucoceles of the appendix are rare, predominate in women and usually present as a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant. Most patients are asymptomatic. The mucocele is defined as a cystic dilatation of the appendicular lumen caused by mucin accumulation. We present the case of a male patient in his seventh decade with clinical symptoms of acute abdomen with suspicion of acute appendicitis, laparoscopic hemicolectomy surgery was performed after finding findings of tumor dependent on ascending colon (blind region), indurated 80 × 100 mm approximately, performing right hemicolectomy plus ileocolonic lateroterminal anastomosis with adequate postoperative evolution.

Resumen: Aunque el estudio del fenómeno religioso desde la perspectiva de la lived religion nace en los países del Atlántico Norte, varios investigadores han adoptado esta aproximación en el contexto latinoamericano para dar cuenta del hecho religioso y su evolución. Esta orientación responde a la insatisfacción que producen las conclusiones a las que llegan las teorías sociológicas clásicas cuando tratan de explicar el lugar y el sentido de la religión en el contexto de la modernidad latinoamericana, como es el caso de las teorías en torno a la secularización. Este abordaje ha resultado prometedor, en la medida en que ofrece evidencias de la presencia del fenómeno religioso en la sociedad contemporánea que no se han tenido suficientemente en cuenta anteriormente. Pero, al mismo tiempo, presenta aspectos que necesitan ser clarificados y/o desarrollados. Uno de ellos es la relación entre la lived religion y los marcos teóricos que, desde las diferentes ciencias sociales, buscan explicar el fenómeno religioso. El presente artículo presenta algunas consideraciones sobre la fecunda relación que puede establecer la lived religion con la fenomenología de la religión. Identifica aspectos en los que ambas disciplinas se complementan y enriquecen mutuamente, así como cuestiones críticas a tener en cuenta. En concreto, se propone un acercamiento fenomenológico a dos ámbitos de análisis diferenciados y, al mismo tiempo, imbricados: la lived religion y la lived spirituality.

Resumo: Embora o estudo do fenômeno religioso sob a perspectiva da lived religion nasça nos países do Atlântico Norte, vários pesquisadores vêm adotando essa abordagem no contexto latino-americano para evidenciar o ato religioso e sua evolução. Essa orientação atende a insatisfação que produzem as conclusões às quais as teorias sociológicas clássicas chegam quando tentam explicar o lugar e sentido da religião no contexto da modernidade latino-americana, como é o caso das teorias em torno da secularização. Essa abordagem é promissora já que oferece evidências da presença do fenômeno religioso na sociedade contemporânea que não foi considerado anteriormente. No entanto e ao mesmo tempo, apresenta aspectos que precisam ser esclarecidos ou desenvolvidos. Um deles é a relação entre a lived religion e os referenciais teóricos que, a partir de diferentes ciências sociais, procuram explicar o fenômeno religioso. Este artigo oferece algumas considerações sobre a fecunda relação que a lived religion pode estabelecer com a fenomenologia da religião. Identifica aspectos em que ambas as disciplinas se complementam e se enriquecem mutuamente, bem como questões críticas a serem levadas em conta. Em específico, propõe-se uma abordagem fenomenológica dos dois âmbitos de análise diferenciados e paralelamente conectados: lived religion e lived spirituality.

Abstract: Although the study of religious phenomena from the perspective of lived religion was born in the North Atlantic countries, several researchers have adopted this approach in the Latin American context to account for the religious fact and its evolution. This orientation responds to the dissatisfaction with the conclusions reached by classical sociological theories when they try to explain the place and meaning of religion in the context of Latin American modernity, as in the case of the theories on secularization. This approach has proved promising, insofar as it offers evidence of the presence of the religious phenomenon in contemporary society that has not been sufficiently taken into account before. But, at the same time, it presents aspects that need to be clarified and/or developed. One of them is the relationship between lived religion and the theoretical frameworks that, from the different social sciences, are intended to explain the religious phenomenon. This article offers some considerations on the fruitful relationship that can be established between lived religion and the phenomenology of religion. It identifies aspects in which both disciplines complement and enrich each other, as well as critical issues to be taken into account. Specifically, it proposes a phenomenological approach to two distinct and, at the same time, intertwined fields of analysis: lived religion and lived spirituality.

Resumo Neste artigo quero refletir sobre dois questões. Por um lado, de um ponto de vista teórico examinarei a relação entre a autoficção e a noção de luto. Por outro lado, vou ativar estas elaborações teóricas para a realização de uma leitura feminista, de reparação (Sedgwick) e afetiva do romance de autoficção Camas gemelas (2020) da escritora colombiana Paola Caballero Daza. Este tipo de metodologia possibilita compreender um determinado regime da memória -a autoficção como forma de luto impossível- que gera significados irredutíveis aos quadros convencionais de significado social.

Abstract This paper displays a reflection about autofiction as a literary genre and mourning as an important topic in literature. On the other hand, it shows a study of the novel by Colombian author Paola Caballero Daza Camas gemelas (2020) from a feminist, reparative and affective perspective. In this novel autofiction is a recurring topic. It is concluded that autofiction emerges to deal with an impossible mourning beyond the traditional social framework.

Resumen En este artículo quiero reflexionar sobre dos cuestiones. Por un lado, y desde un punto de vista teórico, examinaré la relación entre el género literario de la autoficción y la noción de duelo. Por otro lado, pondré en diálogo estas elaboraciones teóricas para llevar a cabo una lectura feminista, reparativa (Sedgwick) y afectiva de la novela Camas gemelas (2020) de la escritora colombiana Paola Caballero Daza, en donde es recurrente la presencia de la autoficción. Este tipo de metodología posibilita la comprensión de un régimen particular de memoria -la autoficción como forma de un duelo imposible- que genera significados irreductibles a los marcos de sentido social convencionales.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de tres promotores de crecimiento sobre el consumo de alimento (CA) y ganancia diaria de peso (GDP) en corderos de pelo. Materiales y métodos. Fueron asignados aleatoriamente 12 corderos en cuatro tratamientos con tres repeticiones cada uno: Tratamiento 1 control (T1-C; dieta basal), tratamiento 2 (T2; complementación con 0.125 g de clorhidrato de zilpaterol (Zilmax®), tratamiento 3 (T3; complementación con 3 g de Clorhidrato de Ractopamina (LAPI-RACTO®) y tratamiento 4 (T4; 12 mg de zeranol en implantes) (Zearalenona-Ralgro®). Se utilizó un diseño estadístico de bloques completos al azar. Resultados. Se encontró una diferencia significativa en el CA (p<0.05). A través de contrastes ortogonales al T2 vs T4 (p<0.05), se identificó una diferencia significativa en el alimento ofrecido para el contraste T1-C vs T2 y los tratamientos T2 vs T4 (p<0.05). En la CA existió una diferencia significativa para T1-C vs T2 y el contraste de T3 vs T4 (p<0.05). Para el alimento rechazado no se encontraron diferencias significativas en ninguno de los contrastes (p>0.05). El T4 presentó mayor ganancia diaria de peso (GDP) versus con el T2 (p<0.05). Conclusiones. El zeranol (T4) mejoró el consumo de alimento y la ganancia diaria de peso en corderos de pelo.

ABSTRACT Objective. Evaluate the effect of three growth promoters on feed intake (FI) and daily weight gain (DWG) in hair lambs. Materials and methods. Twelve lambs were randomly assigned to four treatments with three repetitions each one: Control 1 treatment (C-T1; basal diet), treatment 2 (T2; supplementation with 0.125 g of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride (Zilmax®), treatment 3 (T3; supplementation with 3 g of Ractopamine Hydrochloride (LAPI-RACTO®) and treatment 4 (T4; 12 mg of Zeranol in implants) (Zearalenone-Ralgro®). A randomized complete block statistical design was used. Results. The study found a significant difference in food consumption (p<0.05). Indeed, through orthogonal contrasts to T2 vs T4 (p<0.05). Also, a significant difference was identified in the food offered for the contrast T1-C vs T2 and the treatments T2 vs T4 (p<0.05). In the case of food consumption, there was a significant difference for T1-C vs T2 and the contrast for T3 vs T4 (p<0.05). For the rejected food, no significant differences were found in any of the contrasts (p>0.05). T4 presented greater DWG versus to T2 (p<0.05). Conclusion. The use of zeranol (T4) improved feed intake and daily weight gain in hair lambs.

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Summary: Introduction: around 30% of childhood diseases are caused by social, environmental and family issues, as well as by life conditions, family dynamics and exposure to toxic substances. Understanding the characteristics of the pediatric population assisted at this Health Center, will help us identify health-threatening factors. Objectives: Describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the population under 15 years of age assisted at Badano Repetto Health Center between 2020 and 2021. Understand the different variables that could influence this population´s health. Identify the link between family, social and cultural variables and neurological development at different ages. Methodology: descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling of 15% of the total number of children and adolescents under 15 years of age, assisted at the Health Center from 10/01/2020 to 3/31/2021. Variables: children: sex, age, perinatal history, growth and neurological development, health checkups, vaccines, school attendance, extracurricular activities. Parents: age, education, psychoactive substance use, pathological background, job, prison. Family and household: parent`s marital status, domestic violence history, cohabitants, housing characteristics, basic household services, government aids, community interventions. Data source: medical records and telephone conversations. Data was recorded on template charts. We used results in absolute and relative frequencies, and their measures of central tendency measures and their range, Chi-square test or Fisher´s exact test. Significance level 0,05. Epi Info Program, version 7.2. Informed parent and adolescent consent. Approved by the CHPR Ethics Committee. Results: out of the 2826 patients under 15 years of age assisted at the clinic, we included 426 (15%), but only 263 (62%) were analyzed, since we were not able to reach 163 (38%) by phone. 52% were female. The average age was 4 years of age (5 days-14 years old). 69% of children were under 5 years old. 83% of patients had adequate number of checkups and 91% had an updated vaccination chart. 12% were overweight/obese. Neurodevelopment was adequate in 93% of those under 5 years of age, and 56% of those over 5 years of age. Regarding those with neurodevelopmental difficulties and over 5 years of age, 46% had learning disabilities, 39% had behavioral disorders, 32% language disorders, 10% intellectual deficit. 56% attended school, all of them public schools. For those who did not attend school, 4 of them were old enough to attend mandatory school (6, 7, 9 and 10 years of age). 20% of the children and adolescents had failed at least one year in school or high school. Perinatal findings: 14% of mothers had substance use during pregnancy, mainly tobacco and cocaine base paste. 85% of them had been born to term, 10% had neonatal depression 15% of children/adolescents had been exposed to domestic violence and 32% of them (12/38) had one parent with psychoactive drug use at home. 21% of children/adolescents exposed to domestic violence had a learning disability. 8% had at least one parent who did not finish primary school and 28% who did not finish middle school. Statistically, a significant link was found between psychoactive substance use, declared by one or both parents, and domestic violence. No statistically significant link was found between neurodevelopmental difficulties and domestic violence. Conclusions: these findings show a socially and economically vulnerable population, parents with little formal education, higher cocaine paste base use during pregnancy than the national statistics and 15% of children/adolescents exposed to domestic violence, even though they a high number of them had received their health checkups. The biggest strength shown by this study is the importance of maintaining a good bond with these families, who showed a high level of commitment with the health center. This leads us to prioritize health prevention and promotion as a valuable tool to achieve health quality standards for these children and adolescents. New studies, using other methodologies, will be necessary to analyze this data.

Resumo: Introdução: cerca de 30% das doenças infantis são causadas por questões sociais, ambientais e familiares, bem como por condições de vida, dinâmica familiar e exposição a substâncias tóxicas. Compreender as características da população pediátrica atendida neste Centro de Saúde, nos ajudará a identificar fatores de risco à saúde. Objetivos: Descrever as características clínico-epidemiológicas da população menor de 15 anos de idade atendida no Centro de Saúde Badano Repetto no período 2020-2021. Compreender diferentes variáveis que podem influenciar a saúde dessa população. Identificar uma relação entre as variáveis familiares e socioculturais e o desenvolvimento em diferentes idades. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, transversal. Foi incluída uma amostra por conveniência de 15% de todas as crianças e adolescentes menores de 15 anos atendidos no Centro de Saúde entre 01/10/2020 e 31/03/2021. Variáveis estudadas: da criança: sexo, idade, história perinatal, crescimento e desenvolvimento, controles de saúde, imunizações, escolaridade, atividades extracurriculares. Dos pais: idade, escolaridade, consumo de substâncias psicoativas, histórico médico, emprego, privação de liberdade. Família e habitação: estado civil dos pais, história de violência doméstica, coabitantes, características da moradia, serviços básicos, transferências de ajuda de custo, intervenção das equipes no território. Fonte de dados: prontuários e enquetes telefônicas. Cadastro em planilha padrão. Os resultados são expressos em frequências absolutas e relativas e medidas de tendência central com sua amplidão. Utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher. Nível de significância 0,05. Programa Epi Info™ versão 7.2. Consentimento informado por telefone pais e consentimento dos adolescentes. Aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do CHPR. Resultados: 2.826 crianças menores de 15 anos consultadas, 426 (15%) foram incluídas, mas 263 (62%) foram analisadas, pois 163 (38%) não puderam ser contatadas por telefone. 52% eram do sexo feminino. Idade média 4 anos (5 dias -14 anos), 69% ≤ 5 anos. 83% dos pacientes possuíam controles de saúde adequados e 91% estavam com suas imunizações em dia. 12% com sobrepeso/obesidade. O desenvolvimento neurológico foi adequado em 93% dos menores de 5 anos e em 56% dos maiores de 5 anos. No caso dos portadores de transtornos de neurodesenvolvimento com mais de 5 anos, 46% apresentavam transtorno de aprendizagem, 39% transtorno de conduta, 32% transtorno de linguagem, 10% déficit intelectual. 56% estavam na escola, todos em escolas públicas. No caso dos que não frequentaram a escola, 4 deles estavam em idade em idade escolar obrigatória (6, 7, 9 e 10 anos). 20% das crianças/adolescentes repetiram pelo menos um ano na escola ou no ensino médio. Dados perinatais: 14% das mães usavam drogas; pasta base de tabaco e maiormente pasta base de cocaína (PBC). 85% eram recém-nascidos a termo, 10% tinham depressão neonatal. 15% das crianças/adolescentes foram expostos à violência doméstica e 32% deles (12/38) tinham pelo menos um dos pais que usava drogas psicoativas em casa. 21% das crianças/adolescentes expostas à violência doméstica tinham dificuldade de aprendizagem. 8% desses pacientes possuíam pelo menos um dos pais com escola primária incompleta e 28% com ensino médio incompleto. Encontrou-se relação significativa entre o uso de drogas psicoativas, declarado por um ou ambos os pais, e a violência doméstica. Não foi encontrada relação significativa entre transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento e violência doméstica. Conclusões: esses achados mostram uma população social e economicamente vulnerável, pais com baixa escolaridade, uso de pasta base de cocaína durante a gravidez em porcentagem superior ao reportado a nível nacional, e 15% de crianças/adolescentes expostos à violência doméstica, mas com um alto número de controles de saúde. A maior fortaleza encontrada por este estudo é a importância de manter um bom vínculo com essas famílias, que demonstraram alto nível de comprometimento com o centro de saúde. Isso nos leva a priorizar a prevenção e promoção da saúde como ferramentas valiosas para a aquisição de saúde de qualidade para essas crianças/adolescentes. Novos estudos, com outras metodologias, serão necessários para poder analisar essas variáveis encontradas.