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BACKGROUND A positive Trypanosoma cruzi polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is associated with a worse prognosis in patients with chronic Chagas disease (CD). OBJECTIVES To study the association of clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic characteristics and biomarker blood levels with positive T. cruzi PCR in chronic CD. METHODS This is a single-centre observational cross-sectional study. Positive T. cruzi PCR association with clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic characteristics, and biomarker blood levels were studied by logistic regression analysis. p values < 0.05 were considered significant. FINDINGS Among 333 patients with chronic CD (56.4% men; 62 ± 10 years), T. cruzi PCR was positive in 41.1%. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression showed an independent association between positive T. cruzi PCR and diabetes mellitus {odds ratio (OR) 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.93]; p = 0.03}, right bundle branch block [OR 1.78 (95% CI 1.09-2.89); p = 0.02], and history of trypanocidal treatment [OR 0.13 (95% CI 0.04-0.38); p = 0.0002]. Among patients with a history of trypanocidal treatment (n = 39), only four (10%) patients had a positive T. cruzi PCR. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Among several studied parameters, only diabetes mellitus, right bundle branch block, and history of trypanocidal treatment showed an independent association with positive T. cruzi PCR. History of trypanocidal treatment was a strong protective factor against a positive T. cruzi PCR.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230115

Morphometric Study of Extra-Hepatic Biliary Pathways - Study in Human Corpses
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Santos Conceição, Danielly de Cássia

; Gonçalves, Giuliano R

; Scabora, José Eduardo

; Martinez Oliveira, Kennedy

; Correa Maldonado, Diogo

; Pereira da-Silva, Marcelo Cavenaghi

; Grecco, Leandro H

International Journal of Morphology

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feb 2022, Volume 40 N. 1 Pages 228 - 232

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: Adverse events (AE) contribute significantly to postoperative morbidities and comorbidities. Many AEs occur due to a lack of anatomical knowledge and its variants. Latrogenic bile duct injuries, for instance, represent a serious surgical complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anatomical knowledge for the identification and adequate drainage of all ducts is relevant and fundamental in order to avoid future errors. The objective of the study was to morphometrically analyze the bile ducts in adult human corpses. 13 livers were extracted from adult human corpses to obtain the ducts: choledochal, common hepatic and cystic. After morphological analysis, duct measurements (length and diameter) were continued using a digital caliper. The data obtained were tabulated in SPSS 21 program, performing descriptive analysis with mean and standard deviation. The averages of bile ducts were 61.05 (± 16.43) mm in length and 3.86 (± 0.72) mm in diameter. The cystic duct length and diameter averages were 33.59 (± 12.29) mm and 3.40 (± 0.79) mm, respectively. The common hepatic ducts had an average of 30.02 (± 7.19) mm in length and 3.74 (± 1.18) mm in diameter. The analyzed samples presented different values ?? from those already described in the literature, where the length of the cystic ducts was greater, while the length of the common hepatic ducts was numerically smaller. This work is very significant, as the morphometric variability of the bile ducts allows for varying morphological situations that can compromise the hepatobiliar physiology.

RESUMEN: Los eventos adversos (EA) contribuyen significativamente a las morbilidades y comorbilidades postoperatorias. Muchos EA se deben a la falta de conocimiento de la anatomía y sus variaciones. Por ejemplo, las lesiones iatrogénicas de las vías biliares representan una complicación quirúrgica grave de la colecistectomía laparoscópica. El conocimiento anatómico para la identificación y drenaje adecuado de todos los conductos es relevante y fundamental para evitar futuros errores. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar morfométricamente las vías biliares en cadáveres humanos adultos. Se extrajeron 13 hígados de cadáveres humanos adultos y se retiraron los conductos: colédoco, hepático común y cístico. Después del análisis morfológico, se continuó con las mediciones de los conductos (longitud y diámetro) utilizando un calibrador digital. Los datos fueron tabulados en el programa SPSS 21, mediante análisis descriptivos con media y desviación estándar. Los promedios de las vías biliares fueron de 61,05 (± 16,43) mm de longitud y 3,86 (± 0,72) mm de diámetro. Los promedios de longitud y diámetro del conducto cístico fueron 33,59 (± 12,29) mm y 3,40 (± 0,79) mm, respectivamente. Los conductos hepáticos comunes tenían un promedio de 30,02 (± 7,19) mm de longitud y 3,74 (± 1,18) mm de diámetro. Las muestras analizadas presentaron valores diferentes a los ya descritos en la literatura, donde la longitud de los conductos císticos era mayor, mientras que la longitud de los conductos hepáticos comunes fue numéricamente menor. Este trabajo es significativo, debido a que la variabilidad morfométrica de las vías biliares y permite identificar situaciones morfológicas que pueden comprometer la fisiología hapatobiliar.

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Association between hyperuricemia and hypertension: a case-control study
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Bezerra, Talma Tallyane Dantas

; Bezerra, Lucas Soares

; Santos-Veloso, Marcelo Antônio Oliveira

; Lordsleem, Andrea Bezerra de Melo da Silveira

; Lima, Sandro Gonçalves de

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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jun 2021, Volume 67 N. 6 Pages 828 - 832

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between hyperuricemia and systemic arterial hypertension. METHODS: This was a case-control study where individuals aged >18 years were included, who were divided into hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups, excluding those with incomplete information in medical records or with the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration <60 mL/min/1.73 m³. Systemic arterial hypertension was categorized as a dependent variable, while the independent variables were hyperuricemia (i.e., primary variable), sex, education, the practice of physical activity, alcoholism, smoking, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, a family history of systemic arterial hypertension, age, isolated hyperlipidemia, and mixed hyperlipidemia. Statistical analysis included the univariate and multivariate data analysis, performed by adjusting the logistic regression models using the software R (R Core Team [2018]). RESULTS: Out of 103 patients evaluated, 75 patients were included in this study. In hypertensive patients, hyperuricemia was more frequent (p=0.029), being present in 18.9% individuals. In the univariate analysis, a statistically significant association was found between hyperuricemia and systemic arterial hypertension (OR 10.9; 95%CI 1.29-1420.0; p=0.023); however, in the multivariate analysis, when adjustment was made for age, the only control variable that persisted in the model, this association ceased to be significant (OR 8.5; 95%CI 0.87-1157.0; p=0.070). CONCLUSIONS: There was no independent association between hyperuricemia and systemic arterial hypertension. The latter was associated with diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and age.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20210021 68 downloads

Social distancing patterns in nine municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: the Epicovid19/RS study
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Barros, Aluisio J D

; Victora, Cesar G

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Hartwig, Fernando

; Victora, Gabriel

; Pellanda, Lúcia C

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Struchiner, Claudio J

; Burattini, Marcelo N

; Gonçalves, Marcelo R

; Possuelo, Lia G

; Weber, Liliana P

; Estima, Sonara Lucia

; Jacques, Nadège

; Härter, Jenifer

; Silva, Shana G

; Frizzo, Matias

; Lima, Rosangela C

; Barros, Fernando C

; Silveira, Mariângela F

; Hallal, Pedro C

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 54 elocation 75

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever práticas de distanciamento social em nove municípios do Rio Grande do Sul por sexo, idade, escolaridade e cidade. MÉTODOS Foram realizados dois estudos transversais sequenciais representativos da população urbana nos municípios de Canoas, Caxias do Sul, Ijuí, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Maria e Uruguaiana com o intuito de estimar a prevalência populacional de Covid-19. Foi aplicado questionário contendo três perguntas sobre distanciamento social, cujas práticas foram submetidas a análises descritivas por subgrupos. Os dados foram comparados por testes qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS Em termos de grau de distanciamento social, 25,8% dos entrevistados relataram estar praticamente isolados e 41,1% indicam praticar bastante distanciamento. Relataram ficar em casa o tempo todo 20,1% dos entrevistados, e 44,5% informam que saem apenas para atividades essenciais. Mais da metade dos domicílios não recebe visitas de não moradores. O grupo que relatou menos distanciamento social foi o de adultos entre 20 e 59 anos, enquanto mais de 80% dos entrevistados com 60 anos ou mais relataram estar praticamente isolados ou fazendo bastante distanciamento. As mulheres relataram fazer mais distanciamento que os homens, e os grupos de maior escolaridade foram os que relataram sair diariamente para atividades regulares com mais frequência. CONCLUSÕES Os grupos mais jovens e mais idosos estão mais protegidos pelo distanciamento social, mas há grupos bastante expostos, o que pode ser um limitador importante no controle da progressão da epidemia de Covid-19.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe social distancing practices in nine municipalities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, stratified by gender, age, and educational attainment. METHODS Two sequential cross-sectional studies were conducted in the municipalities of Canoas, Caxias do Sul, Ijuí, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Maria, and Uruguaiana to estimate the population prevalence of COVID-19. The study was designed to be representative of the urban population of these municipalities. A questionnaire including three questions about social distancing was also administered to the participants. Here, we present descriptive analyses of social distancing practices by subgroups and use chi-square tests for comparisons. RESULTS In terms of degree of social distancing, 25.8% of the interviewees reported being essentially isolated and 41.1% reported being quite isolated. 20.1% of respondents reported staying at home all the time, while 44.5% left only for essential activities. More than half of households reported receiving no visits from non-residents. Adults aged 20 to 59 reported the least social distancing, while more than 80% of participants aged 60 years or older reported being essentially isolated or quite isolated. Women reported more stringent distancing than men. Groups with higher educational attainment reported going out for daily activities more frequently. CONCLUSIONS The extremes of age are more protected by social distancing, but some groups remain highly exposed. This can be an important limiting factor in controlling progression of the COVID-19 pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002810 994 downloads

Social distancing patterns in nine municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: the Epicovid19/RS study
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Barros, Aluisio J D

; Victora, Cesar G

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Hartwig, Fernando

; Victora, Gabriel

; Pellanda, Lúcia C

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Struchiner, Claudio J

; Burattini, Marcelo N

; Gonçalves, Marcelo R

; Possuelo, Lia G

; Weber, Liliana P

; Estima, Sonara Lucia

; Jacques, Nadège

; Härter, Jenifer

; Silva, Shana G

; Frizzo, Matias

; Lima, Rosangela C

; Barros, Fernando C

; Silveira, Mariângela F

; Hallal, Pedro C

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 54 elocation 75

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002810

Characterisation of complete high- and low-risk human papillomavirus genomes isolated from cervical specimens in southern Brazil
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Oliveira, Gisele R de

; Siqueira, Juliana D

; Finger-Jardim, Fabiana

; Vieira, Valdimara C

; Silva, Ronald L

; Gonçalves, Carla V

; Soares, Esmeralda A

; Martinez, Ana Maria Barral de

; Soares, Marcelo A

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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oct 2017, Volume 112 N. 10 Pages 728 - 731

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The classification of human papillomavirus (HPV) intratypic lineages by complete genome sequencing is a determinant in understanding biological differences in association with this disease. In this work, we have characterised complete HPV genomes from southern Brazil. Fifteen cervicovaginal Pap smear negative samples previously categorised as HPV-positive were sequenced using ultradeep sequencing, and 18 complete genomes from 13 different HPV types were assembled. Phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses were performed to classify the HPV genomes into lineages and sublineages. This is the first report describing the distribution of HPV intratype lineages of high and low oncogenic risk in asymptomatic women from southern Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760170121 1239 downloads

Human papillomavirus type distribution and HPV16 intratype diversity in southern Brazil in women with and without cervical lesions
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de Oliveira, Gisele R

; Vieira, Valdimara C

; Ávila, Emiliana C

; Finger-Jardim, Fabiana

; Caldeira, Thaís DM

; Gatti, Fabiane AA

; Gonçalves, Carla V

; Oliveira, Sandro G

; da Hora, Vanusa P

; Soares, Marcelo A

; de Martinez, Ana MB

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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jul 2017, Volume 112 N. 7 Pages 492 - 498

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that human papillomavirus (HPV) intratype variants (specific lineages and sublineages) are associated with pathogenesis and progression from HPV infection to persistence and the development of cervical cancer. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to verify the prevalence of HPV infection and distribution of HPV types and HPV16 variants in southern Brazil in women with normal cytology or intraepithelial lesions. METHODS HPV typing was determined by L1 gene sequencing. To identify HPV16 variants, the LCR and E6 regions were sequenced, and characteristic single nucleotide variants were identified. FINDINGS A total of 445 samples were studied, with 355 from cervical scrapes and 90 from cervical biopsies. HPV was detected in 24% and 91% of these samples, respectively. The most prevalent HPV types observed were 16 (cervical, 24%; biopsies, 57%) and 58 (cervical, 12%; biopsies, 12%). Seventy-five percent of the HPV16-positive samples were classified into lineages, with 88% defined as lineage A, 10% as lineage D, and 2% as lineage B. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This study identified a high frequency of European and North American HPV16 lineages, consistent with the genetic background of the human population in southern Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760160530 2201 downloads

Evaluation of protein undernourishment on the condylar process of the Wistar rat mandible correlation with insulin receptor expression
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CAVALLI, Marcelo Arthur

; GONÇALVES, Aline

; PEREIRA, Joice Naiara Bertaglia

; SILVA, Jodonai Barbosa

; BOLDRINI, Silvia de Campos

; LIBERTI, Edson Aparecido

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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apr 2015, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 135 - 144

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The mandible condylar process cartilage (CP) of Wistar rats is a secondary cartilage and acts as a mandibular growth site. This phenomenon depends on adequate proteins intake and hormone actions, including insulin.ObjectivesThe present study evaluated the morphological aspects and the expression of the insulin receptor (IR) in the cartilage of the condylar process (CP) of rats subjected to protein undernourishment.Material and MethodsThe nourished group received a 20% casein diet, while the undernourished group (U) received a 5% casein diet. The re-nourished groups, R and RR, were used to assess the effects of re-nutrition during puberty and adulthood, respectively. CPs were processed and stained with picro-sirius red, safranin-O and azocarmine. Scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were also performed.ResultsThe area of the CP cartilage and the number of cells in the chondroblastic layer decreased in the U group, as did the thickness of the CP layer in the joint and hypertrophic layer. Renourishment during the pubertal stage, but not during the adult phase, restored these parameters. The cell number was restored when re-nutrition occurred in the pubertal stage, but not in the adult phase. The extracellular matrix also decreased in the U group, but was restored by re-nutrition during the pubertal stage and further increased in the adult phase. IR expression was observed in all CPs, being higher in the chondroblastic and hypertrophic cartilage layers. The lowest expression was found in the U and RR groups.ConclusionsProtein malnutrition altered the cellularity, the area, and the fibrous cartilage complex, as well as the expression of the IRs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-775720140319 2251 downloads

Perfil epidemiológico da espondiloartrite de início juvenil comparada com a espondiloartrite de início na vida adulta em uma grande coorte brasileira
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Duarte, Angela P

; Marques, Cláudia DL

; Bortoluzzo, Adriana B

; Gonçalves, Célio R

; Silva, José Antonio Braga da

; Ximenes, Antonio Carlos

; Bértolo, Manoel B

; Ribeiro, Sandra Lúcia E

; Keiserman, Mauro

; Skare, Thelma L

; Carneiro, Sueli

; Menin, Rita

; Azevedo, Valderilio F

; Vieira, Walber P

; Albuquerque, Elisa N

; Bianchi, Washington A

; Bonfiglioli, Rubens

; Campanholo, Cristiano

; Carvalho, Hellen MS

; Costa, Izaias P

; Kohem, Charles L

; Leite, Nocy

; Lima, Sonia AL

; Meirelles, Eduardo S

; Pereira, Ivânio A

; Pinheiro, Marcelo M

; Polito, Elizandra

; Resende, Gustavo G

; Rocha, Francisco Airton C

; Santiago, Mittermayer B

; Sauma, Maria de Fátima LC

; Valim, Valéria

; Barros, Percival D Sampaio

Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia

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dec 2014, Volume 54 N. 6 Pages 424 - 430

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo Analisar as características clínicas e epidemiológicas das espondiloartrites (EpA) de início juvenil (< 16 anos) e compará-las com um grupo de pacientes com EspA de início na vida adulta (≥ 16 anos). Pacientes e métodos Coorte prospectiva, observacional e multicêntrica com 1.424 pacientes com diagnóstico de EspA de acordo com o European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) submetidos a um protocolo comum de investigação e recrutados em 29 centros de referência participantes do Registro Brasileiro de Espondiloartrites (RBE). Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: idade no início<16 anos (grupo EspAiJ) e idade no início ≥ 16 anos. Resultados Entre os 1.424 pacientes, 235 manifestaram o início da doença antes dos 16 anos (16,5%). As variáveis clínicas e epidemiológicas associadas com a EspAiJ foram: gênero masculino (p<0,001), artrite em membro inferior (p=0,001), entesite (p=0,008), uveíte anterior (p=0,041) e HLA-B27 positivo (p=0,017), em associação com escores mais baixos de atividade da doença (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index – BASDAI; p=0,007) e de capacidade funcional (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index – BASFI; p=0,036). A psoríase cutânea (p<0,001), a doença inflamatória intestinal (p=0,023), a dactilite (p=0,024) e o envolvimento ungueal (p=0,004) foram mais frequentes em pacientes com EspA de início na vida adulta. Conclusões Nessa grande coorte brasileira, os pacientes com EspAiJ se caracterizavam predominantemente pelo gênero masculino, envolvimento periférico (artrite e entesite), HLA-B27 positivo e escores de doença mais baixos.

Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of juvenile-onset spondyloarthritis (SpA) (< 16 years) and compare them with a group of adult-onset (≥ 16 years) SpA patients. Patients and methods Prospective, observational and multicentric cohort with 1,424 patients with the diagnosis of SpA according to the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) submitted to a common protocol of investigation and recruited in 29 reference centers participants of the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis (RBE – Registro Brasileiro de Espondiloartrites). Patients were divided in two groups: age at onset<16 years (JOSpA group) and age at onset ≥ 16 years (AOSpA group). Results Among the 1,424 patients, 235 presented disease onset before 16 years (16.5%). The clinical and epidemiologic variables associated with JOSpA were male gender (p<0.001), lower limb arthritis (p=0.001), enthesitis (p=0.008), anterior uveitis (p=0.041) and positive HLA-B27 (p=0.017), associated with lower scores of disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index – BASDAI; p=0.007) and functionality (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index – BASFI; p=0.036). Cutaneous psoriasis (p<0.001), inflammatory bowel disease (p=0.023), dactylitis (p=0.024) and nail involvement (p=0.004) were more frequent in patients with adult-onset SpA. Conclusions Patients with JOSpA in this large Brazilian cohort were characterized predominantly by male gender, peripheral involvement (arthritis and enthesitis), positive HLA-B27 and lower disease scores.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbr.2014.06.005 3636 downloads

10.

Aplicação de fungicidas na soja baseada na detecção de uredósporos de Phakopsora pachyrhizi
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Lourenço Jr., Valdir

; Balan, Marcelo Gonçalves

; Igarashi, Seiji

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

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jun 2014, Volume 81 N. 2 Pages 159 - 164

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Para estabelecer o momento adequado da aplicação de fungicidas no manejo da ferrugem asiática da soja (FAS), avaliou-se a época da pulverização dos fungicidas epoxiconazole e piraclostrobina (FEP) com base na detecção de uredósporos de Phakopsora pachyrhizi (PP) em condições de campo na área experimental da Faculdade Integrado de Campo Mourão, no Paraná, na safra verão de 2009/2010. O delineamento experimental foi realizado em blocos ao acaso, com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo: 1) aplicação do FEP com umidade acima de 80%; 2-5) aplicação do FEP 1-2, 6-7, 11-12 e 18-20 dias após a detecção dos primeiros esporos de PP, respectivamente; 6) aplicação do FEP após a detecção dos primeiros sintomas da FAS; 7) aplicação do FEP no estádio R1. A testemunha foi composta por plantas não tratadas com FEP. Houve redução da severidade da FAS em todos os tratamentos. Os valores da área abaixo da curva de progresso da FAS (AACPFA), taxa de progresso da doença (r) e severidade máxima (Ymax) na testemunha foram de 520,31; 0,06 e 45,65%, respectivamente. Foram detectados os menores valores de AACPFA (39,73), r (0,02) e Ymax (3,91%) no tratamento 1. No entanto, o maior número de pulverizações do FEP foi realizado neste tratamento, com quatro aplicações. No tratamento 4, houve duas aplicações. Registrou-se a menor produtividade na testemunha (2085 kg. ha-1). A maior produtividade foi obtida nos tratamentos 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 e 7, acima de 3000 kg ha-1. Além disso, registrou-se o menor valor da massa de mil grãos na testemunha. Os maiores valores foram obtidos nos tratamentos 1, 2, 3 e 6. Portanto, a época de aplicação de fungicida baseada na detecção de uredósporos de PP é eficiente no manejo da FAS.

In order to establish the adequate timing of fungicide application in the management of Asian soybean rust (ASR), the spraying of epoxiconazol and pyraclostrobin fungicide (EPF) was evaluated based on the detection of Phakopsora pachyrhizi (PP) uredospores in field conditions at the research farm of Faculdade Integrado de Campo Mourão, in the state of Paraná, in the crop season of 2009/2010. The experimental design was performed in randomized complete blocks with four replications composed by: 1) EPF application with humidity higher than 80%; 2-5) EPF application 1-2, 6-7, 11-12, and 18-20 days after the first detection of PP spores, respectively; 6) EPF application after the first detection of ASR symptoms; 7) EPF application in the R1 stage. Control was constituted by plants not treated with EPF. There was reduced ASR severity in all treatments. The values of the area under ASR progress curve (AUASRPC), rate of disease progress (r), and maximum severity (Ymax) in control were 520.31, 0.06, and 45.65%, respectively. The lowest values of AUASRPC (39.73), r (0.02), and Ymax (3.91%) were found in treatment 1. Nevertheless, the higher number of EPF spraying was carried out in this treatment with four applications. On the other hand, there were two applications in treatment 4. The lowest yield was recorded in control (2085 kg. ha-1). The highest yield was obtained in treatments 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7, being higher than 3000 kg/ha. Furthermore, the lowest value of the thousand grain weight was estimated in control. The highest values were estimated in treatments 1, 2, 3, and 6. Therefore, the timing of fungicide application based on the detection of PP uredospores is efficient in the ASR management.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657001202012 3579 downloads

11.

Perfil do uso de drogas modificadoras de doença no Registro Brasileiro de Espondiloartrites
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Kohem, Charles L

; Bortoluzzo, Adriana B

; Gonçalves, Célio R

; Silva, José Antonio Braga da

; Ximenes, Antonio Carlos

; Bértolo, Manoel B.

; Ribeiro, Sandra L.E.

; Keiserman, Mauro

; Menin, Rita

; Skare, Thelma L.

; Carneiro, Sueli

; Azevedo, Valderílio F.

; Vieira, Walber P.

; Albuquerque, Elisa N.

; Bianchi, Washington A.

; Bonfiglioli, Rubens

; Campanholo, Cristiano

; Carvalho, Hellen M. S.

; Costa, Izaias Pereira da

; Duarte, Angela L.B. Pinto

; Leite, Nocy H.

; Lima, Sonia A.L.

; Meirelles, Eduardo S.

; Pereira, Ivânio A.

; Pinheiro, Marcelo M.

; Polito, Elizandra

; Resende, Gustavo G.

; Rocha, Francisco Airton C.

; Santiago, Mittermayer B.

; Sauma, Maria de Fátima L.C.

; Valim, Valéria

; Sampaio-Barros, Percival D

Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia

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feb 2014, Volume 54 N. 1 Pages 33 - 37

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Introdução: Poucos estudos avaliaram o perfil do uso de drogas modificadoras de doença (DMD) em pacientes brasileiros com diagnóstico de espondiloartrite (EpA). Métodos: Um protocolo comum de investigação foi prospectivamente aplicado em 1505 pacientes classificados como EpA pelos critérios do Grupo Europeu de Estudo das Espondiloartrites (ESSG), acompanhados em 29 centros de referência em Reumatologia no Brasil. Variáveis clínicas e demográficas foram obtidas e avaliadas, analisando-se suas correlações com o uso das DMD metotrexato (MTX) e sulfasalazina (SSZ). Resultados: Pelo menos uma DMD foi utilizada por 73,6% dos pacientes, sendo MTX por 29,2% e SSZ por 21,7%, enquanto 22,7% utilizaram ambas as drogas. O uso do MTX foi significativamente associado ao acometimento periférico, e a SSZ foi associada ao comprometimento axial, sendo que as duas drogas foram mais utilizadas, isoladas ou combinadas, no comprometimento misto (p < 0,001). O uso de uma DMD esteve significativamente associado à etnia branca (MTX; p = 0,014), lombalgia inflamatória (SSZ; p = 0,002), dor em nádegas (SSZ; p = 0,030), cervicalgia (MTX; p = 0,042), artrite de membros inferiores (MTX; p < 0,001), artrite de membros superiores (MTX; p < 0,001), entesite (p = 0,007), dactilite (MTX; p < 0,001), doença inflamatória intestinal (SSZ; p < 0,001) e acometimento ungueal (MTX; p < 0,001). Conclusão: O uso de pelo menos uma DMD foi referido por mais de 70% dos pacientes numa grande coorte brasileira de pacientes com EpA, sendo o uso do MTX mais associado ao acometimento periférico e o uso da SSZ mais associado ao acometimento axial.

Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the profile of use of disease modifying drugs (DMD) in Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Methods: A common research protocol was applied prospectively in 1505 patients classified as SpA by criteria of the European Spondyloarthropathies Study Group (ESSG), followed at 29 referral centers in Rheumatology in Brazil. Demographic and clinical variables were obtained and evaluated, by analyzing their correlation with the use of DMDs methotrexate (MTX) and sulfasalazine (SSZ). Results: At least one DMD was used by 73.6 % of patients: MTX by 29.2 % and SSZ by 21.7%, while 22.7 % used both drugs. The use of MTX was significantly associated with peripheral involvement, and SSZ was associated with axial involvement, and the two drugs were more administered, separately or in combination, in the mixed involvement (p < 0.001). The use of a DMD was significantly associated with Caucasian ethnicity (MTX , p = 0.014), inflammatory back pain (SSZ, p = 0.002) , buttock pain (SSZ, p = 0.030), neck pain (MTX, p = 0.042), arthritis of the lower limbs (MTX, p < 0.001), arthritis of the upper limbs (MTX, p < 0.001), enthesitis (p = 0.007), dactylitis (MTX, p < 0.001), inflammatory bowel disease (SSZ, p < 0.001) and nail involvement (MTX, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The use of at least one DMD was reported by more than 70% of patients in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SpA, with MTX use more associated with peripheral involvement and the use of SSZ more associated with axial involvement.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbr.2013.06.003 2823 downloads

12.

Cysteine addition on short-term cooled boar semen preservation and its relationship with swine field fertility
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Severo, Carolina K

; Pereira, Gabriel R

; Pereira, Andressa M

; Ilha, Gustavo F

; Oliveira, João Francisco C. de

; Soares, Marcelo

; Arruda, Rubens P. de

; Gonçalves, Paulo B.D

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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dec 2011, Volume 31 Suppl. 1 Pages 25 - 32

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A inseminação artificial é usada rotineiramente na indústria suinícula para reduzir os custos de produção além de obter maior eficiência reprodutiva durante o processo de resfriamento do sêmen. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição de diferentes concentrações de cisteína (CIS) ao diluidor de sêmen Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) resfriado sobre a qualidade espermática por até 72 horas. Foram coletados ejaculados de três cachaços e as amostras de sêmen foram diluídas em BTS, conforme os seguintes tratamentos: BTS (grupo controle); CIS0,1 (BTS + 0,1mM de cisteína); CIS0,5 (BTS + 0,5mM de cisteína); CIS1,0 (BTS + 1,0mM de cisteína); CIS2,5 (BTS + 2,5mM de cisteína); CIS5,0 (BTS + 5,0mM de cisteína); CIS10,0 (BTS + 10,0mM de cisteína) e CIS20,0 (BTS + 20,0mM de cisteína). A avaliação da integridade espermática foi determinada através de sondas fluorescentes em uma combinação de 100µg/mL FICT-PSA (isotiocinato de lecitina), 0.5mg/ml PI (iodeto de propidio), e 153µM JC-1 (5,5',6,6'-tetracloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraetillbenzimidazolil iodeto de carbocianina). As avaliações dos tratamentos foram realizadas 0, 24, 48 e 72 horas após a diluição do sêmen. Adicionalmente, foi avaliado o efeito da adição de 5,0 mM de cisteína ao diluidor BTS na manutenção da qualidade espermática e no efeito na fertilidade em suínos. Após a inseminação artificial, as fêmeas foram avaliadas quanto a taxa de retorno e o tamanho da leitegada. Durante todos os períodos analizados, os grupos CIS10,0 e CIS20,0 apresentaram menor número de espermatozóides viáveis em relação aos demais grupos. A viabilidade espermática diminuiu a níveis abaixo de 10% nos tratamentos CIS10,0 e CIS20,0 nas primeiras 24 horas de armazenamento a 17ºC. Ao final do período de armazenamento todos os grupos apresentavam média inferior a 65% de espermatozóides com a membrana plasmática intacta. A viabilidade espermática diminuiu significativamente quando altas concentrações de CIS (hora "0"; CIS10,0 e CIS20,0; p<0.05) foram adicionadas ao sêmen comparadas com as demais concentrações. O grupo BTS (10,20±0,39) apresentou menor taxa de retorno ao estro comparado com BTSCIS (86,05±0,39), além de apresentar maior número de leitões nascidos (12,71±3,38 vs . 9,00±3,38, respectivamente). Portanto, podemos concluir que a adição de CIS ao diluidor BTS não mantém a qualidade espermática e resulta em maior taxa de retorno ao estro e menor número de leitões nascidos.

Artificial insemination is routinely used in the swine industry to reduce the costs of production through to increase the efficiency of the refrigerated boar semen process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of cysteine (CYS) added to the Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) extender semen during cooling for up to 72 hours. Ejaculated from three boars were collected with the gloved-hand technique and semen aliquots were diluted in BTS as follow: BTS only (BTS), BTS + 0.1mM cysteine (CYS0.1), BTS + 0.5mM cysteine (CYS0.5), BTS + 1.0mM cysteine (CYS1.0), BTS + 2.5mM cysteine (CYS2.5), BTS + 5.0mM cysteine (CYS5.0), BTS + 10.0mM cysteine (CYS10.0), and BTS + 20.0mM cysteine (CYS20.0). Evaluation of sperm integrity were analyzed using 0.5mg/ml propidium iodide (plasma membrane), 100µg/ml isothiocynate-conjugated Pisum sativun agglutinin (acrosomal membrane) and 153µM 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl carbocyanine iodide (mitochondria potential) after semen dilution at specific times (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours). Additionally, we also evaluated the effects of 5.0 mM CYS addition in the BTS extender on the maintenance of sperm quality and their influence on fertility in the swine production. After artificial insemination, animals were evaluated based on the estrous return and the number of piglet's born. Cysteine at concentrations of 10.0 and 20.0mM resulted in more pronounced reductions even at the time zero. Semen viability decreased to levels below 10% at these high levels of CYS in the first 24 hour of storage at 17ºC. At the end of the storage time, less than 65% of sperm cells had intact plasma membrane in all groups. The sperm viability decreased significantly when the semen was added at high concentrations of CYS (time "0"; CYS10.0 and CYS20.0; p<0.05), when compared to the other CYS concentrations. The BTS (10.20±0.39) treated group showed a lower rate of estrus return when compared to other (BTSCYS; 86.05±039), and it showed also the highest total number of piglets borne per treatment (12.71±3.38 vs. 9.00±3.38, respectively). In conclusion, the addition of CYS in the BTS semen extender did not maintain spermatic viability of boar cooled spermatozoa and it results in a higher percentage of return to estrus and lower number of piglets borne.

2860 downloads

13.

Obtaining the cohesive laws of a trapezoidal mixed-mode damage model using an inverse method
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Campilho, Raul D.S.G.

; Moura, Marcelo F.S.F. de

; Ramantani, Dimitra A.

; Gonçalves, João P.M.

Ciência & Tecnologia dos Materiais

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jan 2008, Volume 20 N. 1-2 Pages 81 - 86

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A utilização de modelos de dano coesivos para a modelação de problemas de fractura tornou-se frequente nos últimos anos. O objectivo deste trabalho é apresentar um modelo de dano coesivo trapezoidal em modo misto adequado para adesivos dúcteis em juntas adesivas. O modelo proposto substitui os elementos finitos sólidos usados tradicionalmente para simular a camada de adesivo, reduzindo assim o esforço computacional. As propriedades medidas em provetes de adesivo maciço não são representativas do comportamento do adesivo quando utilizado na forma de camada muito fina. Assim, para caracterizar as leis coesivas do adesivo Araldite® 2015 em modos puros I e II realizaram-se ensaios Double Cantilever Beam e End Notched Flexure, respectivamente. As tenacidades são obtidas através de um método baseado no conceito da fenda equivalente. Os restantes parâmetros coesivos são obtidos por um método inverso. Verificou-se que as curvas R numéricas apresentam uma boa correlação com as experimentais.

The use of cohesive damage models in fracture problems has become frequent in recent years. The objective of this work is to present a trapezoidal mixed-mode cohesive damage model appropriate for ductile adhesives in adhesively bonded joints. The proposed model replaces the solid finite elements traditionally used to simulate the adhesive layer, thus reducing the computational effort. It is known that the adhesive bulk properties are not adequate to characterize these laws. In this work, Double Cantilever Beam and End Notched Flexure tests are performed to obtain the cohesive laws of the adhesive Araldite® 2015 in pure modes I and II, respectively. The fracture energies are obtained using a new data reduction scheme based on the crack equivalent concept. The remaining cohesive parameters are obtained with an inverse method. It was verified that the numerical R-curves agree with the experimental ones.

1003 downloads

14.

Bone mineral content reduction in youth with surgical form of Schistosomiasis mansoni: factors involved in the pathogenesis
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Brandt, Carlos Teixeira

; Souza, Antônio Marcelo Gonçalves de

; Braga, Maria Virgínia da Motta

; Melo, Karina Leal Reis de

; Marques, Karina de Oliveira Andrade

; Sena, Andréa Dantas

; Almeida, Fernando

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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mar 2001, Volume 16 N. 1 Pages 56 - 61

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Trinta e duas crianças e adolescentes, de 14 a 20 anos de idade, portadores de esquistossomose mansônica na forma hepatoesplênica e varizes sangrentas do esôfago, foram avaliadas para conteúdo mineral ósseo (BMD), antes de serem submetidas a tratamento clínico-cirúrgico. O protocolo cirúrgico constou de esplenectomia, ligadura da veia gástrica esquerda e autoimplante de tecido esplênico em bolsa no omento maior. O seguimento pós-operatório desses pacientes varia entre um e dez anos, com uma média de cinco anos. O BMD foi medido na vértebra lombar (L2-l4), através de aparelho de raio-X de dupla absorção e energia (DEXA), usando um densitômetro modelo LUNAR DPX-L. O grau de fibrose de Symmers foi avaliado por histomorfometria semi-automática. Em onze pacientes, o magnésio sérico foi medido antes e subseqüentemente oito e vinte e quatro horas após infusão desse íon. A deficiência de magnésio foi considerada quando a retenção desse íon fosse maior que 40%. Houve uma tendência à associação entre o padrão do conteúdo mineral ósseo e o grau da fibrose de Symmers (c² = 6,606 R = 0,01017). Houve ainda uma moderada concordância entre o maior grau de densidade fibrótica (acima da percentagem média) e o déficit mineral ósseo. Embora o conteúdo mineral ósseo normal estivesse mais evidente entre os pacientes com melhor reserva funcional hepática, os resultados não alcançaram significação estatística. Houve uma acentuada retenção de magnésio infundido (>95%) em uma paciente que tinha osteoporose e uma retenção desse íon discretamente acima de 40% em um paciente que não apresentava déficit conteúdo mineral ósseo. Em conclusão, os pacientes incluídos nesta série mostravam um importante déficit de BMD, especialmente entre as meninas, que obtiveram melhora significativa após tratamento clínico e cirúrgico. O déficit mineral ósseo desses pacientes estava associado ao grau de fibrose de Symmers. Depleção de magnésio esteve presente em dois de onze desses pacientes. Pode-se especular que a suplementação de magnésio possa ser útil para deter a progressão do déficit do conteúdo mineral ósseo nos pacientes com reserva funcional hepática mais comprometida.

Thirty two children and adolescents from 14 to 20 years of age, suffering from hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni and bleeding esophageal varicose veins, were evaluated for bone mineral density (BMD), before undergoing medical and surgical treatment. The surgical protocol was splenectomy, autoimplantation of spleen tissue into a pouch of the major omentum and ligature of the left gastric vein. Follow up of these patients’ ranges from one to ten years with a mean of five years. The BMD was measured at the lumbar spine (L2 - L4) through the dual energy absorptionmetry X-ray (DEXA), using a LUNAR DPX-L densitometer. The degree of Symmers´ fibrosis was assessed by semiautomatic hystomorphometry. In eleven patients, the serum magnesium was measured before an intravenous overload of this ion and subsequently after eight and twenty four hours. Urine was collected 24 hours before and 24 hours after the magnesium overload. Deficiency of magnesium was considered when the uptake of this ion was greater than 40%. There was a significant trend of association between the status of bone mineral content and the Symmers´ fibrosis degree (c² = 6.606 R = 0.01017). There was also a moderate agreement between the greater fibrosis densities ( > the mean percentage) and bone mineral deficits. Although the normal bone mineral content was more found among the patients with better hepatic functional reserve, the results did not reach statistical significance. There was a marked magnesium retention (>95%) in one patient who had severe osteoporosis and a slight depletion (<5%) in another patient, who presented no bone mineral deficit. It was concluded that the patients included in this series, showed an important BMD deficit, specially among the females which has had a significant improvement after medical and surgical treatment. Bone mineral deficit was associated with the degree of Symmers´ fibrosis. Magnesium depletion was present in two out of eleven patients. It is speculated that magnesium supplementation may be warranted to forestall the progression of bone mineral deficit in patients with more impaired hepatic functional reserve.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-86502001000100009 2282 downloads

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