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ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the differences between the apparent and actual chord μ. Methods: In this prospective, comparative, non-randomized, and non-interventional study, imaging examinations using Pentacam and the HD Analyzer were performed in the same room under the same scotopic conditions. The inclusion criteria were patients aged 21-71 years, able to provide informed consent, myopia up to 4D, and anterior topographic astigmatism up to 1D. Patients using contact lenses, those with previous eye diseases or surgeries, corneal opacities, corneal tomographic changes, or suspected keratoconus were excluded. Results: Altogether, 116 eyes of 58 patients were analyzed. The patients’ mean age was 30.69 (±7.85) years. In the correlation analyses, Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.647 indicates a moderate positive linear relationship between apparent and actual chord μ. The mean actual and apparent chord μ were 226.21 ± 128.53 and 278.66 ± 123.90 μm, respectively, with a mean difference of 52.45 μm (p=0.01). The analysis of mean pupillary diameter resulted in 5.76 mm using the HD Analyzer and 3.31 mm using the Pentacam. Conclusions: We found a correlation between the two measurement devices, and even though we found considerable differences, both can be used in daily practice. Given their differences, we should respect their peculiarities as well.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar as diferenças entre a chord aparente μ e o chord real μ. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, comparativo, não randomizado e não intervencionista. Os exames de imagem (Pentacam e HD Analyzer) foram realizados na mesma sala e nas mesmas condições escotópicas. Os critérios de inclusão foram idade de 21 a 71 anos; compreensão do termo de consentimento; miopia até 4D e astigmatismo topográfico anterior até 1D. Os critérios de exclusão foram usuários de lentes de contato; pacientes com doenças oculares prévias ou cirurgias; opacidades da córnea; a presença de alterações tomográficas da córnea ou suspeita de ceratocone. Resultados: Em nosso estudo foram analisados 116 olhos de 58 pacientes. A média de idade foi de 30,69 anos (± 7,85). Análises de correlação foram desenvolvidas e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (0,647) indica uma relação linear positiva moderada entre as variáveis. A média do chord μ real foi 226,21 ± 128,53 μm e a média do chord μ média foi 278,66 ± 123,90 μm, com diferença média de 52,45 μm (p=0,01). A análise do diâmetro pupilar médio apresentou: 5,76mm no HD Analyzer e 3,31mm no Pentacam. Conclusões: Entendemos a existência de uma diferença significativa entre os métodos e assim a medida de ambos os dispositivos com base em princípios diferentes devemos respeitar suas peculiaridades. Como encontramos correlação entre as duas medidas, acreditamos que ambas podem ser utilizadas na prática diária.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2022-0035

Journalistic media and adolescents in the COVID-19 pandemic: a documental analysis
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Oliveira, Marcela Claudia de Paula

; Costa, Emilia Chagas

; Silva, Lygia Maria Pereira da

; Barbosa, Livia Novaes Vieira

; Barros, Mauro Virgilio Gomes de

; Mota Filho, José Henrique Cavalcanti

; Correia Junior, Marco Aurelio de Valois

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2024, Volume 42 elocation e2023041

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze how the journalistic media has described the issues of quality of life (QoL), physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH) of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive and qualitative study that used content analysis. Sixty-two journalistic publications were analyzed from a total of 8211 published by the most read newspapers in each Brazilian region between December 2019 and August 2021. Results: The results were grouped and evaluated in three categories: QoL (n=11), PA (n =9) and MH (n=42). In the analyzed period, the adolescents had more time of exposure to screens, contributing to an inadequate diet, a decrease in PA and impairments in QoL. According to the media publications, the pandemic has also contributed to an increase in anxiety, depression, loneliness and fear resulting from the mental and emotional disorganization caused by the abrupt change in routine. Social vulnerability was presented as an aggravating factor in this context. The journalistic media did not pay the necessary attention to adolescents regarding the negative consequences of the pandemic on QoL, PA and MH. Conclusions: The analyzed reports showed that the pandemic caused a decrease in social interaction, feelings of uncertainty, fear and the appearance/exacerbation of symptoms of anxiety, stress and depression. Social vulnerability was presented as another obstacle to be faced in this problem.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar como a mídia jornalística tem descrito as questões de qualidade de vida (QV), atividade física (AF) e saúde mental (SM) de adolescentes durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e qualitativo que utilizou a análise de conteúdo. Foram analisadas 62 publicações jornalísticas do total de 8.211 veiculadas pelos jornais mais lidos de cada região brasileira entre dezembro de 2019 e agosto de 2021. Resultados: Os resultados foram agrupados e avaliados em três categorias: QV (n=11), AF (n=9) e SM (n=42). No período analisado as publicações jornalísticas sugerem que os adolescentes apresentaram maior tempo de exposição a telas, contribuindo para uma alimentação inadequada, diminuição da AF e prejuízos na QV. A pandemia também contribuiu com aumento da ansiedade, depressão, solidão e medo resultantes da desorganização mental e emocional causada pela mudança abrupta de rotina. A vulnerabilidade social apresentou-se como um fator agravante nesse contexto. As mídias jornalísticas não deram a atenção necessária aos adolescentes no que se refere às consequências negativas da pandemia na QV, AF e SM. Conclusões: As reportagens analisadas mostraram que a pandemia causou diminuição na interação social, sentimentos de incerteza, medo e o aparecimento/exacerbação de sintomas de ansiedade, estresse e depressão. A vulnerabilidade social apresentou-se como mais um obstáculo a ser enfrentado nesta problemática.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023041

[SciELO Preprints] - Preservation of moderately resistant or tolerant genotypes: a strategy to overcome guava decline
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Silva, Maurício Moisés Pereira Queiróz, Manoel Abilio de Oliveira, Patrícia Gomes Coutinho, Milena dos Santos Mauro da Cunha e Castro, José Mauro da Cunha e Castro

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Publication date: 2023-08-14

Abstract: En Pt

Originária da América Tropical, a goiabeira ( Psidium guajava L. ) tem grande símbolo para o Brasil. Contudo, a evolução do patossistema designado como declínio da goiabeira, problema fitossanitário provocado pelo parasitismo das raízes pelo nematoide-das-galhas ( Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang & Eisenback) em associação com fungos oportunistas, dizimou muitos pomares em todas as regiões do Brasil e em outros países. No presente estudo, propagou-se vegetativamente, por miniestaquia, acessos de goiabeiras seminíferas mantendo seus genótipos preservados e reavaliando a resistência por meio dos clones de forma a comprovar ou não as reações das plantas hospedeiras. Os resultados apontam para alta virulência do parasita, bem como alta hospedabilidade da espécieP. guajava , além da existência de grande variação da reação entre plantas do mesmo genótipo e entre genótipos distintos, o que indica que a estratégia de preservação do germoplasma e a reavaliação da reação em clones pode ser importante na busca e seleção de germoplasma com algum grau de ou resistência de tolerância a M. enterolobii . A progênie da cv. Paluma P02R5R2 obteve uma menor média de Fator de Reprodução do parasita (FR = 22,11) entre os genótipos avaliados, sendo classificado como moderadamente resistente e preservado para estudos posteriores.

Originária da América Tropical, a cultura da goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.) tem grande relevância para o Brasil. Contudo, surgimento do patossistema designado como declínio da goiabeira, problema fitossanitário provocado pelo parasitismo das raízes por nematoides da espécie Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang & Eisenback em associação com fungos oportunistas, dizimou muitos pomares em todas as regiões do Brasil e em outros países. No presente estudo, propagou-se vegetativamente, por miniestaquia, acessos de goiabeiras seminíferas mantendo seus genótipos preservados e reavaliando a resistência por meio dos clones de forma a comprovar ou não as reações das plantas hospedeiras. Os resultados apontam para alta virulência do parasita, bem como alta hospedabilidade da espécie P. guajava, além da existência de grande variação da reação entre plantas do mesmo genótipo e entre genótipos distintos, o que indica que a estratégia de preservação do germoplasma e a reavaliação da reação em clones pode ser importante na busca e seleção de germoplasma com algum grau de resistência ou características de tolerância ao M. enterolobii. A progênie da cv. Paluma P02R5R2 obteve a menor média de Fator de Reprodução do parasita (FR = 22,11) entre os genótipos avaliados, sendo classificada como moderadamente resistente e preservada para estudos posteriores.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4678

Brazilian headache registry: methods and preliminary data of the pilot study
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Grassi, Vanise

; Jurno, Mauro Eduardo

; Fröhlich, Alan Christmann

; Rieder, Carlos Roberto de Mello

; Sarmento, Elder Machado

; Pereira, Júlia Kássia

; Silva, Leonardo Lima

; Barea, Liselotte Menke

; Poli, Luiz Ernesto Besen

; Queiroz, Luiz Paulo

; Ciciarelli, Marcelo Cedrinho

; Peres, Mario Fernando Prieto

; Rocha Filho, Pedro Augusto Sampaio

; Vieira, Rebeca Veras de Andrade

; Londero, Renata Gomes

; Kowacs, Fernando

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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aug 2023, Volume 81 N. 8 Pages 740 - 747

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Evaluation and treatment of primary and secondary headaches is a global public health challenge. Recognizing the epidemiological impact of headaches, a group of researchers linked to the Brazilian Headache Society proposed the Brazilian Headache Registry and drew up its initial protocol. Objective Here we describe the methods and preliminary data obtained from the pilot study. Methods This was a multicenter longitudinal observational study conducted between September 2020 and August 2021. Prospective data were collected in three specialist centers for headache care in states in southern and southeastern Brazil. Patients aged 18 years or older who sought care for headache in tertiary centers and who agreed to participate in the study, were considered eligible. Results Sixty-six patients were included in the pilot study: 43 (65%) from Rio Grande do Sul state and 23 (35%) from Minas Gerais state. Overall, 90% were female, and the subjects' mean age was 38.2 ± 11.2 years. Primary headaches accounted for 85.3% of the diagnoses made. Among secondary headaches, medication overuse headache was the most frequent type (7.1%). Conclusions The pilot study showed the feasibility of the research protocol developed for tertiary centers. The Brazilian Headache Registry will form a source of longitudinal data with the aim of contributing to better characterization of the various phenotypes of patients with primary and secondary headaches, and to detailing the use of health resources and identifying predictors of better clinical outcomes.

Resumo Antecedentes A avaliação e o tratamento das cefaleias primárias e secundárias são um desafio global de saúde pública. Reconhecendo o impacto epidemiológico das cefaleias, um grupo de pesquisadores vinculados à Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia propôs a criação de um Registro Brasileiro de Cefaleia e elaborou seu protocolo inicial. Objetivo Nesta publicação descrevemos os métodos e dados preliminares obtidos a partir do estudo piloto. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo observacional longitudinal multicêntrico, realizado entre setembro de 2020 e agosto de 2021. Foram coletados dados em três centros especializados no atendimento de cefaleia, em estados da região sul e sudeste do Brasil. Pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos que procuraram os centros terciários por queixa de cefaleia e concordaram em participar do estudo foram considerados elegíveis. Resultados Sessenta e seis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo piloto, 43 (65%) do Rio Grande do Sul e 23 (35%) de Minas Gerais. Da amostra total, 90% eram do sexo feminino e a idade média dos sujeitos foi de 38,2 ± 11,2 anos. As cefaleias primárias representaram 85,3% dos diagnósticos realizados. Entre as cefaleias secundárias, a cefaleia por uso excessivo de medicamentos foi a mais frequente (7,1%). Conclusões O estudo piloto evidenciou a viabilidade do protocolo de pesquisa desenvolvido para centros terciários. O Registro Brasileiro de Cefaleia constituirá uma fonte de dados longitudinais com o objetivo de contribuir para melhor caracterização dos diversos fenótipos de pacientes com cefaleias primárias e secundárias, detalhar o uso de recursos de saúde e identificar preditores de melhores desfechos clínicos.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771175

Sexually Transmitted Infections Lesions Found during Colonoscopies
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Gomes, Alexandre

; Sampaio Netto, João Batista

; Ayres, Ricardo de Oliveira

; Rodrigues, José Mauro da Silva

; Borghesi, Ronaldo Antonio

Journal of Coloproctology (Rio de Janeiro)

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jun 2023, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 75 - 81

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Anal examination and videoanoscopy (VA) are rarely performed during colonoscopies. In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in lesions of sexually transmitted anal and rectal infections, but these conditions are not noticed or reported during routine colonoscopy. Objective To raise awareness regarding the fortuitous findings of lesions and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in colonoscopy exams and to demonstrate that anal examination and VA provide important information and should be routinely performed. Methods We conducted a descriptive retrospective study in 16,132 patients screened by colonoscopy and VA between 2006 and 2018. Among numerous other findings, the presence of anal condylomata and sexually transmitted retitis or perianal dermatitis was observed. The rates of each finding were calculated, and the patients were subdivided by sex and into age groups by blocks of ten years. Results Among the 16,132 colonoscopies performed, 26 cases of condyloma (0.16%) and 50 cases of proctitis or perianal dermatitis suspicious for STI (0.33%) were found. Conclusion Performing anal examination and VA systematically in all routine colonoscopies enabled the identification of numerous anal conditions, including several fortuitous cases of STIs. The study proposes that anal examination and VA should be performed in all routine colonoscopies and, in suspected cases, complementary tests for STIs.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769486

Measurement of the visual axis through two different methods: quantification and differences for measuring chord μ
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Rodrigues, Pablo Felipe

; Moscovici, Bernardo Kaplan

; Lamazales, Luciano

; Freitas, Marcela Mara Silva

; Gomes, José Álvaro Pereira

; Nosé, Walton

; Campos, Mauro Silveira

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2023, N. ahead

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2022-0035

The factor structure of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ): new methodological approaches and evidence
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Araujo, Jhonys de

; Gomes, Cristiano Mauro Assis

; Jelihovschi, Enio Galinkin

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

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2023, Volume 36 elocation 38

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background The area of self-regulated learning integrates the fields of metacognition and self-regulation and assumes that the student is an active processor of information capable of self-regulating his learning by putting together the cognitive, metacognitive, and motivational components. The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is a benchmark for the measurement of self-regulated learning. However, the field of study does not show adequate evidence of its structural validity. The vast majority of studies involving this question present serious methodological mistakes, compromising the evidence of validity. Objective Our study investigates the structural validity of MSLQ including all 15 scales and corrects relevant mistakes in the previous studies. Method We tested different models through item confirmatory factor analysis in a convenience sample of 670 college students (M = 22.8 years, SD = 5.2) from a public Brazilian university in the technological area. The models with the ML, MLR, MLM and WLMSV estimators. Results Only WLSMV produced models with acceptable fit. The final model has a bi-factor structure with a general factor (self-regulated learning), 15 components as first-order factors, and four broad components as second-order factors. Twelve first-order components, all second-order components and the general factor had acceptable reliability. The components’ elaboration, intrinsic goal orientation and metacognitive self-regulation, did not show acceptable reliability, in terms of McDonald's omega. Conclusion Considering the worldwide importance of the MSLQ, we do not recommend the use of the measurement of these components for clinical practice and psychoeducational diagnosis until new studies show that this low reliability only occurs in our sample. Our study shows new evidence, correcting many previous methodological mistakes and producing initial evidence favorable to the factor structure of the MSLQ.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00280-0

Academic Expectations, Gender and Working Status: Comparing Two Cohorts of University Students
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Fleith, Denise de Souza

; Gomes, Cristiano M. Assis

; Marinho-Araújo, Claisy Maria

; Rabelo, Mauro Luiz

; Almeida, Leandro S.

Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa

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2023, Volume 39 elocation e39304

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The expansion of higher education is associated with the progressive diversification of student’s profiles, such as the increasing number of older, working and female students. The transition to higher education poses challenges for students entering it, generating expectations that can impact academic adaptation. This study compared academic expectations by gender and work situation in two cohorts of first-year students from a Brazilian public university, involving 13,336 participants. The Brazilian Scale of Academic Expectations for First-Year University Students was administered. Non-working and female students had higher academic expectations in both cohorts. The findings provide subsidies to higher education institutions to develop support programs and policies targeting first-year students.

RESUMO A expansão da educação superior está associada à progressiva diversificação dos perfis discentes, tais como aumento do número de estudantes mais velhos, trabalhadores e mulheres. A transição para o ensino superior comporta desafios para os estudantes que nele ingressam, gerando expectativas que podem impactar a adaptação acadêmica. Este estudo comparou as expectativas acadêmicas por gênero e situação de trabalho em dois coortes de estudantes ingressantes em uma universidade pública brasileira, envolvendo 13.336 participantes. Utilizou-se a Escala Brasileira de Expectativas Acadêmicas para Estudantes Ingressantes na Educação Superior. Estudantes mulheres e não trabalhadores apresentaram maiores expectativas acadêmicas em ambas as coortes. Os resultados fornecem subsídios às instituições de ensino superior para desenvolvimento de programas de apoio e políticas voltadas aos estudantes ingressantes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e39304.en

A clinical model to predict successful renal replacement therapy (RRT) discontinuation in patients with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
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Valle, Eduardo de Oliveira

; Smolentzov, Igor

; Gorzoni, João Lucas Martins

; Salgado, Isabela Cavalcante

; Mainardes, Lorena Catelan

; Gomes, Vanessa Oliveira

; Mélo Júnior, Charles Hamilton

; Rodrigues, Camila Eleuterio

; Vieira Júnior, José Mauro

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100280

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Ideal timing of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) discontinuation in Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is still unknown. We aimed to study the role of creatinine-related variables in predicting RRT successful discontinuation and to propose a clinical predictive score. Methods In this single-centre retrospective study, we evaluated all AKI patients in whom RRT was interrupted for at least 48 hours. Patients who were still RRT-independent 7 days after initial RRT cessation were included in the “Success” group and opposed to the “Failure” group. We evaluated baseline characteristics and variables collected at the time of RRT interruption, as well as the Kinetic estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (KeGFR), the simple variation in serum Creatinine (ΔsCr), and the incremental creatinine ratio on the first three days after RRT interruption. Multivariable analysis was performed to evaluate prediction of success. Internal validation using a simple binomial generalized regression model with Lasso estimation and 5-fold cross validation method was performed. Results We included 124 patients, 49 in the “Failure” group and 75 in the “Success” group. All creatinine-related variables predicted success in simple and multiple logistic regression models. The best model generated a clinical score based on the odds ratio obtained for each variable and included urine output, non-renal SOFA score, fluid balance, serum urea, serum potassium, blood pH, and the variation in sCr values after RRT discontinuation. The score presented an area under the ROC of 0.86 (95% CI 0.76‒1.00). Conclusion Creatinine variation between the first 2 consecutive days after RRT discontinuation might predict success in RRT discontinuation. The developed clinical score based on these variables might be a useful clinical decision tool to guide hemodialysis catheter safe removal.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100280

10.

Genital ulcers caused by sexually transmitted agents,
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Cunha Ramos, Mauro

; Nicola, Maria Rita Castilhos

; Bezerra, Natália Tenório Cavalcante

; Sardinha, José Carlos Gomes

; Morais, Julia Sampaio de Souza

; Schettini, Antônio Pedro

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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oct 2022, Volume 97 N. 5 Pages 551 - 565

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Genital ulcers (GUs) represent a diagnostic challenge and can be secondary to neoplastic and inflammatory processes of different causes. Among those of infectious etiology, there are sexually transmitted infections (STIs), a very frequent reason for seeking the health service. The most common agents are herpes simplex virus and Treponema pallidum and, more rarely, Haemophilus ducreyi, Klebsiella granulomatis and Chlamydia trachomatis. A careful dermatological examination offers important diagnostic elements; however, atypical manifestations are very common. Distinctive characteristics of ulcers to look out for include their margin, edge, bottom, and base. Regional lymph node chain alterations should be evaluated regarding their number, size, mobility, consistency, inflammation, and pain on palpation. Diagnostic tests have variable sensitivity and specificity, and molecular tests are currently considered the reference exams. The rapid immunochromatographic tests represented a significant advance, as they can be performed with blood obtained from the digital pulp, offer results in up to 30 minutes, and do not require a laboratory structure. The treatment of persons affected by GU/STIs must be immediate, as it aims to prevent complications, as well as reduce transmission. It is not always considered that people with GUs/STIs have varying degrees of depression, anxiety, and self-reproach, with an impact on relationships. Establishing a bond and trusting the professional is essential for adherence to treatment and preventive measures that must be discussed individually.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2022.01.004

11.

Approaches to learning does matter to predict academic achievement
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Assis Gomes, Cristiano Mauro

; Blesa Farias, Heitor

; Galinkin Jelihovschi, Enio

Revista de Psicología (PUCP)

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jul 2022, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 905 - 933

Abstract Meta-analyses show that the correlations of approaches to learning with academic achievement are low. However, only one study has controlled these correlations in the presence of intelligence. Our study investigates the incremental validity of the surface and deep approaches taking cognitive abilities as control and applied the multiple linear regression and CART regression tree method in a diversified sample of high school students from Minas Gerais, Brazil. We found a prediction of 20.37% and 35.20% of the outcome variance, through the linear regression and CART, respectively. Our results show that although cognitive abilities are more important than students’ approaches, the approaches have incremental validity and important roles as predictors of academic achievement.

Résumé Méta-analyses montrent que les corrélations entre les approches de l’apprentissage et le rendement scolaire sont faibles. Cependant, une seule étude a contrôlé ces corrélations en présence d’intelligence. Notre étude examine la validité incrémentielle des approches superficielles et profondes en prenant les capacités cognitives comme contrôle et en appliquant la régression linéaire multiple et la méthode de l’arbre de régression CART à un échantillon diversifié d’élèves du secondaire de Minas Gerais, au Brésil. Nous avons trouvé une prédiction de 20,37% et 35,20% de la variance des résultats, grâce à la régression linéaire et au CART, respectivement. Nos résultats montrent que bien que les capacités cognitives soient plus importantes que les approches des étudiants, les approches ont une validité incrémentale et des rôles importants en tant que prédicteurs du rendement scolaire.

Resumen El meta-análisis revela que las correlaciones entre las aproximaciones al aprendizaje y el rendimiento académico son bajas. Sin embargo, solo un estudio ha controlado estas correlaciones en presencia de la inteligencia. El presente estudio investiga la validez incremental de los enfoques superficiales y profundos tomando las habilidades cognitivas como variable control, y aplicando la regresión lineal múltiple y el método del árbol de regresión CART en una muestra diversificada de estudiantes de secundaria de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Encontramos una predicción de 20.37% y 35.20% de la varianza del resultado, mediante la regresión lineal y CART, respectivamente. Nuestros resultados muestran que, aunque las habilidades cognitivas son más importantes que los enfoques de los estudiantes, los enfoques tienen una validez incremental y roles importantes como predictores del rendimiento académico.

Resumo Meta-análises mostram que as correlações das abordagens da aprendizagem com o desempenho acadêmico são baixas. No entanto, apenas um estudo controlou essas correlações na presença de inteligência. Nosso estudo investiga a validade incremental das abordagens superficial e profunda tomando habilidades cognitivas como controle e aplicou a regressão linear múltipla e o método de regressão em árvore CART em uma amostra diversificada de estudantes do ensino médio de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Encontramos uma previsão de 20,37% e 35,20% da variância do desfecho, por meio da regressão linear e CART, respectivamente. Nossos resultados mostram que, embora as habilidades cognitivas sejam mais importantes do que as abordagens dos alunos, as abordagens têm validade incremental e papéis importantes como preditoras do desempenho acadêmico.

https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.202202.010

12.

Pain response and symptoms in photorefractive keratectomy: mechanical de-epithelization compared with transepithelial ablation
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Rymer, Priscila

; Moscovici, Bernardo Kaplan

; Gomes, Rachel

; Couto, Braulio

; Schor, Paulo

; Campos, Mauro

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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apr 2022, Volume 85 N. 2 Pages 152 - 157

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a dor e o desconforto da cera tectomia fotorefrativa mecânica vs transepitelial. Métodos: Este estudo comparativo prospectivo incluiu 190 olhos de 95 pacientes com hipermetropia, astigmatismo e miopia que foram submetidos a ceratectomia fotorefrativa mecânica em um olho e ceratectomia fotorefrativa transepithelial no olho contralateral usando o laser excimer wavelight Allegretto EX500.O intervalo entre as operações no mesmo paciente foi de 15 a 30 dias. Ambos os olhos tiveram a refração similar antes da cirurgia, com uma diferença máxima de 15-µm na ablação. Os questionários pós-operatórios foram aplicados nos dias 1 e 7 para avaliar o nível de desconforto dos pacientes (0= sem desconforto para 5= desconforto extremo) com os seguintes sintomas: dor, sensação de queimação, coceira, lacrimejamento, fotofobia, vermelhidão dos olhos, sensação corpo estranho e inchaço das pálpebras. Os pacientes também foram questionados sobre qual método eles preferiram. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 61 (64,21%) mulheres e 34 (35,79%) Homens. A idade média (SD) do paciente era 31.66 (6.69) anos. No primeiro dia pós-operatório, os pacientes relataram menos desconforto no olho que recebeu ceratectomia fotorefrativa me cânica do que ceratectomia fotorefrativa transepithelial (1,9 ± 1,74 vs 2,5 ± 1,83; p=0,017), sensação de queimação (1,8 ± 1,56 vs 2,5 ± 1,68; p=0,004), la crimejamento (2,3 ± 1,71 vs 3,1 ± 1,69; p=0,001), e sensação corpo estranho (1,9 ± 1,77 vs 2,5 ± 1,86; p=0,024). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre ceratectomia fotorefrativa mecânica e ceratectomia fotorefrativa transepithelial no dia 7 pós-operatório. Cinquenta e nove pacientes (62,10%) preferiram ceratectomia fotorefrativa mecânica, enquanto 32 (33,68%) preferiram ceratectomia fotorefrativa transepithelial. Quatro pacientes (4,22%) não expressaram nenhuma preferência. Conclusões: Nossos resultados mostraram que os escores de dor foram significativamente menores nos olhos tratados pelo ceratectomia fotorefrativa mecânica do que nos olhos tratados com ceratectomia fotorefrativa transepithelial no primeiro dia pós-operatório, o que pode ter proporcionado maior conforto do paciente após a cirurgia e os levou a ter uma preferência pela técnica ceratectomia fotorefrativa mecânica.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare postoperative pain and discomfort between mechanical and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomies. Methods: This prospective comparative study included 190 eyes of 95 patients with hyperopia (up to +4.00 D), astigmatism (up to -5.00 D), and myopia (up to -8.00 D) who underwent mechanical photorefractive keratectomy in one eye and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in the contralateral eye using Wavelight Allegretto EX500 excimer laser. The patients were unaware of the side treated with each technique. The interval between operations in the same patient was 15-30 days. Both eyes had similar refraction before surgery, with a maximum of 15-µm difference in ablation. Postoperative questionnaires were administered on days 1 and 7 to assess the patients’ level of discomfort (0=no discomfort to 5=extreme discomfort) with the following symptoms: pain, burning sensation, itchiness, tearing, photophobia, eye redness, foreign body sensation, and eyelid swelling. Patients were also asked about which method they preferred. Results: The sample consisted of 61 women (64.21%) and 34 men (35.79%). The mean (SD) patient age was 31.66 (6.69) years (range, 22-54 years). On postoperative day 1, the patients reported significantly less discomfort in terms of pain (1.9 ± 1.74 vs 2.5 ± 1.83; p=0.017), burning sensation (1.8 ± 1.56 vs 2.5 ± 1.68; p=0.004), tearing (2.3 ± 1.71 vs 3.1 ± 1.69; p=0.001), and foreign body sensation (1.9 ± 1.77 vs 2.5 ± 1.86; p=0.024) in the eye that received mechanical photorefractive keratectomy than in the eye that received transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy. No significant differences were found between the mechanical and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomies on postoperative day 7. Fifty-nine patients (62.10%) preferred mechanical photorefractive keratectomy, while 32 (33.68%) preferred transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy. Four patients (4.22%) expressed no preference. Conclusions: Our results showed that pain scores were significantly lower in the mechanical photorefractive keratectomy-treated eyes than in the transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy-treated eyes on postoperative day 1, which may have provided greater patient comfort after surgery and led patients to prefer the mechanical photorefractive keratectomy technique.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20220026

13.

Antivirais para pacientes adultos hospitalizados com infecção por SARS-CoV-2: Um estudo de Fase II/III, randomizado, multicêntrico, controlado por placebo, adaptativo, com múltiplos braços e estágios. COALITION COVID-19 BRAZIL IX - REVOLUTIOn: protocolo e plano de análise estatística
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Maia, Israel Silva

; Marcadenti, Aline

; Zampieri, Fernando Godinho

; Damiani, Lucas Petri

; Santos, Renato Hideo Nakagawa

; Negrelli, Karina Leal

; Gomes, Samara Pinheiro do Carmo

; Gomes, Jaqueline Oliveira

; Carollo, Mariana Barbosa dos Santos

; Miranda, Tamiris Abait

; Santucci, Eliana

; Valeis, Nanci

; Laranjeira, Ligia Nasi

; Westphal, Glauco Adrieno

; Horta, Jacques Gabriel Alvares

; Flato, Uri Adrian Prync

; Fernandes, Camilo

; Barros, Waldemar Carlos

; Bolan, Renata S

; Gebara, Otávio Celso Eluf

; Alencar Filho, Meton Soares de

; Hamamoto, Victor Augusto

; Hernandes, Mauro Esteves

; Golin, Nicole Alberti

; Olinda, Ronald Torres de

; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro

; Rosa, Régis Goulart

; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro

; Azevedo, Luciano César Pontes de

; Avezum, Alvaro

; Lopes, Renato Delascio

; Souza, Tiago Moreno L

; Berwanger, Otávio

; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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mar 2022, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 44 - 55

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os medicamentos reaproveitados são importantes em contextos de recursos limitados porque as intervenções estão mais rapidamente disponíveis, já foram testadas com segurança em outras populações e são, em geral, mais baratas. Os medicamentos reaproveitados são uma solução eficaz, especialmente para doenças emergentes, como a COVID-19. O estudo REVOLUTIOn visa avaliar três medicamentos antivirais reaproveitados: atazanavir, daclatasvir e sofosbuvir, já utilizados em pacientes infectados pelo HIV ou pelo vírus da hepatite C, em um estudo randomizado, controlado por placebo, adaptativo, multibraço e em múltiplos estágios. Os medicamentos serão testados simultaneamente em um ensaio de Fase II para primeiro identificar se algum deles, isoladamente ou em combinação, reduz a carga viral. Se reduzirem, será iniciado um estudo de Fase III para investigar se tais medicamentos são capazes de aumentar o número de dias sem suporte respiratório. Os participantes devem ser adultos hospitalizados com idade ≥ 18 anos com início dos sintomas ≤ 9 dias e saturação de oxigênio ≤ 94% em ar ambiente ou necessidade de oxigênio suplementar para manter saturação de oxigênio > 94%. O tamanho total esperado da amostra varia entre 252 e 1.005 participantes, dependendo do número de estágios que serão concluídos no estudo. Assim, o protocolo é aqui descrito em detalhes, juntamente do plano de análise estatística. Em conclusão, o estudo REVOLUTIOn foi concebido para fornecer evidências se o atazanavir, o daclatasvir ou o sofosbuvir reduzem a carga viral de SARS-CoV-2 em pacientes com COVID-19 e aumentam o número de dias em que os pacientes ficam sem suporte respiratório. Neste artigo de protocolo, descrevem-se a fundamentação, o desenho e a situação do ensaio. Identificador do ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT04468087

ABSTRACT Repurposed drugs are important in resource-limited settings because the interventions are more rapidly available, have already been tested safely in other populations and are inexpensive. Repurposed drugs are an effective solution, especially for emerging diseases such as COVID-19. The REVOLUTIOn trial has the objective of evaluating three repurposed antiviral drugs, atazanavir, daclatasvir and sofosbuvir, already used for HIV- and hepatitis C virus-infected patients in a randomized, placebo-controlled, adaptive, multiarm, multistage study. The drugs will be tested simultaneously in a Phase II trial to first identify whether any of these drugs alone or in combination reduce the viral load. If they do, a Phase III trial will be initiated to investigate if these medications are capable of increasing the number of days free respiratory support. Participants must be hospitalized adults aged ≥ 18 years with initiation of symptoms ≤ 9 days and SpO2 ≤ 94% in room air or a need for supplemental oxygen to maintain an SpO2 > 94%. The expected total sample size ranges from 252 to 1,005 participants, depending on the number of stages that will be completed in the study. Hence, the protocol is described here in detail together with the statistical analysis plan. In conclusion, the REVOLUTIOn trial is designed to provide evidence on whether atazanavir, daclatasvir or sofosbuvir decrease the SARS-CoV-2 load in patients with COVID-19 and increase the number of days patients are free of respiratory support. In this protocol paper, we describe the rationale, design, and status of the trial. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT04468087

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220002-pt

14.

Performance of lambs fed total feed silage based on cactus pear
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Silva, Juscelino Kubitschek Bevenuto da

; Araújo, Gherman Garcia Leal de

; Santos, Edson Mauro

; Oliveira, Juliana Silva de

; Campos, Fleming Sena

; Gois, Glayciane Costa

; Silva, Tiago Santos

; Matias, Alex Gomes da Silva

; Ribeiro, Ossival Lolato

; Perazzo, Alexandre Fernandes

; Zanine, Anderson de Moura

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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mar 2022, Volume 13 N. 1 Pages 19 - 31

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la ingesta, digestibilidad aparente, balance hídrico, balance de nitrógeno y rendimiento productivo en corderos alimentados con ensilaje de nopal asociado con forrajes tropicales. En el experimento se utilizaron 40 corderos machos cruzados intactos, con un peso corporal inicial de 18.85 ± 1.2 kg. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, con 5 tratamientos y 8 repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en dietas con diferentes proporciones de pasto buffel y salvado de trigo como fuentes de fibra detergente neutro (FDN), en ensilaje de alimento total (EAT) a base de nopal: EAT1 - 279 g/kg de pasto buffel; EAT2 - 240 g/kg de pasto buffel y 17 g/kg de salvado de trigo; EAT3 - 198 g/kg de pasto buffel y 34 g/kg de salvado de trigo; EAT4 - 108 g/kg de pasto buffel y 74 g/kg de salvado de trigo; EAT5 - 118 g/kg de salvado de trigo. La ingesta más baja de FDN se encontró en corderos que consumieron EAT5 (402 g/día). La digestibilidad aparente de los carbohidratos no fibrosos fue mayor para EAT5, mientras que la digestibilidad aparente de FDN de EAT5 y EAT4 fue mayor que la de EAT1. Las dietas promovieron una ganancia diaria de peso promedio de 180.8 g/día. En condiciones experimentales, el uso de nopal forrajero y concentrado en forma de raciones mixtas totales de ensilaje conduce a una mayor ingesta de proteína cruda, carbohidratos no fibrosos, extracto etéreo y mayor digestibilidad de carbohidratos no fibrosos y fibra detergente neutro, sin embargo, todas las dietas fueron viables en la alimentación de ovinos confinados, proporcionando ganancias de hasta 198 g/d según la formulación de la dieta.

Abstract This study aimed was to evaluate the intake, apparent digestibility, water balance, nitrogen balance, and productive performance in lamb fed cactus pear silage associated with tropical forages. Forty male intact crossbred lambs, with an initial body weight of 18.85 ± 1.2 kg, were used in the experiment. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 5 treatments and 8 replications. The treatments consisted of diets with different proportions of buffelgrass and wheat bran as sources of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in total feed silage (TFS) based on cactus pear: TFS1 - 279 g/kg of buffelgrass; TFS2 - 240 g/kg of buffelgrass and 17 g/kg of wheat bran; TFS3 - 198 g/kg of buffelgrass and 34 g/kg of wheat bran; TFS4 - 108 g/kg of buffelgrass and 74 g/kg of wheat bran; TFS5 - 118 g/kg of wheat bran. The lowest NDF intake was found in lambs that consumed TFS5 (402 g/d). The non-fibrous carbohydrates apparent digestibility was higher for TFS5, while the NDF apparent digestibility of TFS5 and TFS4 was higher than TFS1. Diets promoted an average daily weight gain of 180.8 g/d. Under experimental conditions, the use of forage cactus pear and concentrate in the form of total mixed rations silage leads to greater intake of crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates, ether extract and greater digestibility of non-fibrous carbohydrates and neutral detergent fiber, however, all diets were viable in the feed of confined sheep, providing gains of up to 198 g/d according with the formulation of the diet.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i1.5849 30 downloads

15.

Ionic concentration in periradicular medium after dissolution of endodontic file fragments: an in vitro study
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ORMIGA, Fabiola

; AMARAL, Caroline Chavadian Fonseca

; VIEIRA, Felipe Martins

; RISSO, Patricia de Andrade

; SILVA, Adriana Barbosa da

; ALMEIDA, Marcelo

; SENA, Rodrigo

; FERES-FILHO, Eduardo Jorge

; GRANJEIRO, Jose Mauro

; GOMES, José Antonio da Cunha Ponciano

Brazilian Oral Research

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e015

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this study was to obtain ionic quantification in periradicular medium after diffusion tests of the solution used inside root canals during the electrochemical dissolution of endodontic file fragments and the NiTi-containing dissolution product via an apical foramen. Thirty single-rooted extracted human teeth had root canals prepared and were attached to Eppendorf tubes filled with sterile saline. The samples were divided into 3 groups (n = 10) according to the solution used inside the root canal during the diffusion tests: Group 1: [NaF 12 g/L + NaCl 1 g/L]; Group 2: [NaF 12 g/L + NaCl 1 g/L + NiTi 0.50 g/L]; Group 3: [NaF 6 g/L + NaCl 0.5 g/L + NiTi 0.25 g/L]. The sample in each Eppendorf tube was then analyzed to assay the ionic quantification in periradicular medium. The groups were compared in relation to ionic quantifications (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s tests, p ≤ 0.05). Group 2 showed significantly higher F-, Ni and Ti quantities than groups 1 and 3 (p < 0.05). Group 3 showed significantly higher Ti and Ni quantities than group 1, where no measurable quantities of Ti and Ni were observed (p < 0.05). The conclusions were that a 50% dilution of the NiTi-containing dissolution product resulted in significantly lower F-, Ni and Ti quantities compared to the undiluted product. The quantifications observed here suggest that irrigation is recommendable during the electrochemical dissolution process to reduce the resultant ion concentrations in both the root canal and the periradicular medium.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0015

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